Federico García Lorca

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Federico García Lorca was a Spanish poet, playwright, and theatre director, widely recognized as one of the most important literary figures of the 20th century. Born in Fuente Vaqueros, near Granada, Lorca is celebrated for his lyrical poetry, his innovative plays, and his ability to blend popular traditions with avant-garde techniques. His works often explore themes of love, passion, death, repression, and the struggle for freedom, making him a central figure of modern Spanish literature and culture. Lorca's early work includes Impresiones y paisajes (1918) and the poetry collection Book of Poems (1921). His breakthrough came with Gypsy Ballads (1928), which combined folkloric elements with modernist sensibilities, earning him wide acclaim. As a playwright, he revitalized Spanish theatre with works such as Blood Wedding (1933), Yerma (1934), and The House of Bernarda Alba (1936). These tragedies, deeply rooted in Andalusian culture, highlight issues of social oppression, gender roles, and the tension between tradition and desire. His travels to New York and Cuba (1929–1930) also inspired the groundbreaking collection Poet in New York, where he reflected on themes of alienation and modern urban life. Lorca's work fused lyricism, symbolism, surrealism, and folklore, making his style unique and influential. His ability to address universal human concerns while drawing on Spanish cultural traditions secured him a place as a major voice in world literature. He became a symbol of artistic freedom, as well as of resistance against authoritarianism, due to the political dimensions of his work and his outspoken views.