Pei Wenzhong (1904-1982), the founder of Chinese prehistoric archaeology, established its theoretical system and for over 50 years devoted himself to its research. He began in 1928 with the excavation of Choukoutien and the next year discovered the first skull fossil of Peking Man. His assiduous research, extensive scientific knowledge, keen discernment, and concrete work methods yielded great gains that are now an established part of Chinese archaeological research.