The Book of Filial Duty - Confucius - E-Book

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Confucius

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Beschreibung

Part of the Wisdom of the East series. This is a translation of the Hsio Ching, or The Book of Filial Duty. It was written about 400 BCE, about a century following the death of Confucius, and is attributed to a conversation between Confucius and his disciple Zengzi.

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Table of Contents

 

Editorial Note

Introduction

Chapter 1. The Meaning Of Filial Duty

Chapter 2. The Filial Duty Of An Emperor

Chapter 3. The Filial Duty Of Feudal Princes

Chapter 4. The Filial Duty Of High Officers

Chapter 5. The Filial Duty Of The Literary Class

Chapter 6. The Filial Duty Of Common People

Chapter 7. The "Three Powers"

Chapter 8. Filial Duty In Government

Chapter 9. Government By The Sage

Chapter 10. The Filial Duty Of A Son

Chapter 11. The Five Punishments

Chapter 12. Amplification Of The "Important Doctrine"

Chapter 13. Amplification Of "The Highest Virtue"

Chapter 14. Amplification Of "Raising The Reputation"

Chapter 15. The Question Of Remonstrance In Connection With Filial Duty

Chapter 16. The Influence And Fruit Of Filial Piety

Chapter 17. Serving The Sovereign

Chapter 18. Mourning For One's Parents

No. 1. The Filial Piety That Influenced Heaven

No. 2. Affection Shown In Tasting Soups And Medicines

No. 3. Gnawing Her Finger Pained His Heart

No. 4. Clad In A Single Garment, He Was Obedient To His Mother

No. 5. He carried Rice for his Parents

No. 6. With Sports And Embroidered Robes He Amused His Parents

No. 7. With Deer's Milk He Supplied His Parents

No. 8. He Sold Himself To Bury His Father

No. 9. He Hired Himself Out As A Labourer To Support His Mother

No. 10. He Fanned The Pillow And Warmed The Bedclothes

No. 11. The Gushing Fountain And The Frisking Carp

No. 12. He Carved Wood And Served His Parents

No. 13. For His Mother's Sake He Would Bury His Child

No. 14. He Seized The Tiger And Saved His Father

No. 15. He Collected Mulberries To Support His Mother

No. 16. He Laid Up The Oranges For His Mother

No. 17. On Hearing The Thunder He Wept At The Tomb

No. 18. He Wept To The Bamboos, And Shoots Sprang Up

No. 19. He Slept On Ice To Procure Carp

No. 20. Wu Mêng Fed The Mosquitoes

No. 21

No. 22

No. 23. He Resigned Office To Seek His Mother

No. 24. He Watched By His Mother's Bedside

 

THE BOOK OF FILIAL DUTY

BY

CONFUCIUS

TRANSLATED FROM THE CHINESE OF THE HSIAO CHING

BY

IVAN CHÊN

WITH THE TWENTY-FOUR EXAMPLES FROM THE CHINESE

1908

Editorial Note

The object of the Editors of this series is a very definite one. They desire above all things that, in their humble way, these books shall be the ambassadors of good-will and understanding between East and West—the old world of Thought and the new of Action. In this endeavour, and in their own sphere, they are but followers of the highest example in the land. They are confident that a deeper knowledge of the great ideals and lofty philosophy of Oriental thought may help to a revival of that true spirit of Charity which neither despises nor fears the nations of another creed and colour. Finally, in thanking press and public for the very cordial reception given to the "Wisdom of the East" Series, they wish to state that no pains have been spared to secure the best specialists for the treatment of the various subjects at hand.

L. CRANMER-BYNG.

S. A. KAPADIA.

Northbrook Society,       185 Piccadilly, W.

Introduction

 

I. The Origin of the Book

The Hsiao Ching, or Book of Filial Duty, is generally held to be the work of an unknown pupil of Tsêng Ts‘an, the disciple of Confucius, to whom is attributed the famous Confucian classic known as The Greater Learning. Certainly it can be traced back as far as 400 B.C., within a century from the death of Confucius. The preservation of the text in its present form is due to the Emperor Ming Huang (A.D. 685-762), one of the most fascinating characters in Chinese history, who had it engraved, together with eleven other of the Confucian writings, on tablets of stone and set up in his capital of Chang-an. He afterwards added a commentary of his own, which is still extant, and has proved invaluable to all commentators of a later period. The Book of Filial Duty is often found in China bound up with another treatise called the Hsiao Hsüeh, or Teaching for the Young, of which the following is a specimen: "The way to become a student is with meekness and humility, receiving with confidence every word spoken by the master. The pupil, when he sees men of virtue, should try to follow in their steps; when he hears wise sayings, he should try to conform to them. He must not harbour evil designs, but always act honourably. Whether at home or abroad, he must have a fixed abode, and resort with those who are well disposed, regulating his demeanour with care, and curbing the passions."