Advanced Hierarchical Nanostructured Materials E-Book

• Herausgeber: Wiley-VCH
• Kategorie: Fachliteratur
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 977

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2014

Beschreibung

An overview of the recent developments and prospects in this highly topical area, covering the synthesis, characterization, properties and applications of hierarchical nanostructured materials. The book concentrates on those materials relevant for research and development in the fields of energy, biomedicine and environmental protection, with a strong focus on 3D materials based on nanocarbons, mesoporous silicates, hydroxides, core-shell particles and helical nanostructures. Thanks to its clear concept and application-oriented approach, this is an essential reference for experienced researchers and newcomers to the field alike.

Leseprobe

Table of Contents

Cover

Related Titles

Title Page

Copyright

Preface

List of Contributors

Chapter 1: Structural Diversity in Ordered Mesoporous Silica Materials

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Electron Crystallography and Electron Tomography

1.3 Diverse Structures of Ordered Mesoporous Silicas

1.4 Outlook

References

Chapter 2: Hierarchically Nanostructured Biological Materials

2.1 Introduction

2.2 “Bottom-Up” Design Scheme

2.3 Organic–Inorganic Interfaces

2.4 Engineering Principles in Biological Materials

2.5 Model Hierarchical Biological Systems and Materials

2.6 Conclusions and Outlook

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 3: Use of Magnetic Nanoparticles for the Preparation of Micro- and Nanostructured Materials

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Preparation of Superparamagnetic Nanocolloids

3.3 Magnetic Gels

3.4 Self-Assembly of Magnetic Nanoparticles, Nanoclusters, and Magnetic–Polymer Nanocomposites

3.5 Magnetic Colloidal Crystals

3.6 Concluding Remarks

Acknowledgment

References

Chapter 4: Hollow Metallic Micro/Nanostructures

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Synthetic Methods for 1-D Hollow Metallic Micro/Nanostructures

4.3 Synthetic Methods for 3-D or Nonspherical Hollow Metallic Micro/Nanostructures

4.4 Potential Applications of Hollow Metallic Micro/Nanostructures

4.5 Conclusions and Outlook

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 5: Polymer Vesicles

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Vesicle Formation

5.3 Smart Polymer Vesicles

5.4 Applications

5.5 Summary and Outlook

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 6: Helical Nanoarchitecture

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Fabrication of Organic Helical Nanostructures

6.3 Fabrication of Inorganic Helical Nanostructures

6.4 Properties of Helical Nanostructures

Summary

References

Chapter 7: Hierarchical Layered Double Hydroxide Materials

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Preparation of Hierarchical LDHs

7.3 Properties of Hierarchical LDHs

7.4 Summary and Outlook

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 8: Hierarchically Nanostructured Porous Boron Nitride

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Synthesis of Mesoporous Boron Nitride

8.3 Synthesis of Microporous Boron Nitride

8.4 Synthesis of Boron Nitride with Hierarchical Porosity

8.5 BN Nanosheets (BNNSs)

8.6 Conclusion

References

Chapter 9: Macroscopic Graphene Structures: Preparation, Properties, and Applications

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Preparation of Graphene

9.3 The Preparation and Properties of Graphene Macroscopic Structures

9.4 Applications of Graphene Macroscopic Structures

9.5 Conclusions and Outlook

References

Chapter 10: Hydrothermal Nanocarbons

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Templating – An Opportunity for Pore Morphology Control

10.3 Carbon Aerogels

10.4 Hydrothermal Carbon Nanocomposites

10.5 Hydrothermal Carbon Quantum Dots

10.6 Summary and Outlook

References

Chapter 11: Hierarchical Porous Carbon Nanocomposites for Electrochemical Energy Storage

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Types of Porous Structures

11.3 Synthesis of Porous Structures

11.4 Applications of Hierarchically Porous Carbon Composites

11.5 Summary and Conclusions

References

Chapter 12: Hierarchical Design of Porous Carbon Materialsfor Supercapacitors

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Capacitance: Electrostatic Storage

12.3 Ion Accessibility: Porosity and Surface Wettability

12.4 Conclusion

References

Chapter 13: Nanoscale Functional Polymer Coatings for Biointerface Engineering

13.1 Introduction

13.2 Synthesis of Precursors – Substituted-[2.2]paracyclophanes

13.3 Synthesis of Functionalized Poly-

p

-Xylylenes via CVD Polymerization

13.4 Surface Bioconjugate Chemistry by Using Functionalized Poly-

p

-Xylylenes

13.5 Multifunctional and Gradient Poly-

p

-Xylylenes

13.6 Outlook

References

Index

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Guide

Cover

Table of Contents

Preface

Chapter 1: Structural Diversity in Ordered Mesoporous Silica Materials

List of Illustrations

Figure 1.1

Figure 1.2

Figure 1.3

Figure 1.4

Figure 1.5

Figure 1.6

Figure 1.7

Figure 1.8

Figure 1.9

Figure 1.10

Figure 1.11

Figure 1.12

Figure 1.13

Figure 1.14

Figure 2.1

Figure 2.2

Figure 2.3

Figure 2.4

Figure 2.5

Figure 2.6

Figure 2.7

Figure 2.8

Figure 2.9

Figure 2.10

Figure 2.11

Figure 2.12

Figure 2.13

Figure 2.14

Figure 2.15

Figure 3.1

Figure 3.2

Figure 3.3

Figure 3.4

Figure 3.5

Figure 3.6

Figure 3.7

Figure 3.8

Figure 3.9

Figure 3.10

Figure 4.1

Figure 4.2

Figure 4.3

Figure 4.4

Figure 4.5

Figure 4.6

Figure 4.7

Figure 4.8

Figure 4.9

Figure 4.10

Figure 4.11

Figure 4.12

Figure 4.13

Figure 4.14

Figure 4.15

Figure 4.16

Figure 4.17

Figure 4.18

Figure 4.19

Figure 4.20

Figure 4.21

Figure 4.22

Figure 4.23

Figure 4.24

Figure 4.25

Figure 4.26

Figure 5.1

Figure 5.2

Figure 5.3

Figure 5.4

Figure 5.5

Figure 5.6

Figure 5.7

Figure 5.8

Figure 5.9

Figure 5.10

Figure 5.11

Figure 5.12

Figure 6.1

Figure 6.2

Figure 6.3

Figure 6.4

Figure 6.5

Figure 6.6

Figure 6.7

Figure 6.8

Figure 6.9

Figure 6.10

Figure 6.11

Figure 6.12

Figure 6.13

Figure 6.14

Figure 6.15

Figure 6.16

Figure 6.17

Figure 6.18

Figure 6.19

Figure 6.20

Figure 6.21

Figure 7.1

Figure 7.2

Figure 7.3

Figure 7.4

Figure 7.5

Figure 7.6

Figure 7.7

Figure 7.8

Figure 7.9

Figure 7.10

Figure 7.11

Figure 7.12

Figure 7.13

Figure 7.14

Figure 7.15

Figure 7.16

Figure 7.17

Figure 7.18

Figure 7.19

Figure 7.20

Figure 7.21

Figure 7.22

Figure 8.1

Figure 8.2

Figure 8.3

Figure 8.4

Figure 8.5

Figure 8.6

Figure 8.7

Figure 8.8

Figure 8.9

Figure 8.10

Scheme 8.1

Scheme 8.2

Figure 9.1

Figure 9.2

Figure 9.3

Figure 9.4

Figure 9.5

Figure 9.6

Figure 9.7

Figure 9.8

Figure 9.9

Figure 9.10

Figure 9.11

Figure 9.12

Figure 9.13

Figure 10.1

Figure 10.2

Figure 10.3

Figure 10.4

Figure 10.5

Figure 10.6

Figure 10.7

Figure 10.8

Figure 10.9

Figure 10.10

Figure 10.11

Figure 10.12

Figure 10.13

Figure 10.14

Figure 10.15

Figure 10.16

Figure 10.17

Figure 10.18

Figure 10.19

Figure 10.20

Figure 10.21

Figure 10.22

Figure 10.23

Figure 10.24

Figure 10.25

Figure 10.26

Figure 10.27

Figure 10.28

Figure 10.29

Figure 10.30

Figure 10.31

Figure 10.32

Figure 10.33

Figure 10.34

Figure 10.35

Figure 10.36

Figure 11.1

Figure 11.2

Figure 11.3

Figure 11.4

Figure 11.5

Figure 11.6

Figure 11.7

Figure 11.8

Figure 11.9

Figure 11.10

Figure 11.11

Figure 12.1

Figure 12.2

Figure 12.3

Figure 12.4

Figure 12.5

Figure 12.6

Figure 12.7

Figure 12.8

Figure 12.9

Figure 12.10

Figure 13.1

Figure 13.2

Figure 13.3

Figure 13.4

Scheme 13.1

Scheme 13.2

Scheme 13.3

Scheme 13.4

List of Tables

Table 1.1

Table 7.1

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Advanced Hierarchical Nanostructured Materials

Edited by

Qiang Zhang and Fei Wei

Dr. Qiang Zhang and Dr. Fei Wei

Tsinghua University

Department of Chemical Engineering

Key Lab Green Chemical Reaction

Engineering

100084 Beijing

China

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Cover Design Bluesea Design, McLeese Lake, Canada

Preface

Hierarchical materials are present everywhere around us. Hierarchical nanostructures are widely observed in nature, for example, in plant cell walls, bone, animal shells, and skeletons, showing that a high mechanical performance can be attained by structuring matter across a range of length scales. The combination of low dimensional nanomaterials with distinct physical and chemical properties with hierarchical nanostructures can usually inherit the full advantages of the component materials, or even lead to the formation of multifunctional materials with unexpected properties for unique applications.

Nanoscience and nanotechnology brings not only new concepts to understand Nature but also new materials for building our society. Proper arrangement and construction of different low dimensional nanomaterials (e.g., zero-dimensional nanoparticles, one-dimensional nanotubes, nanowires, nanorods, and two-dimensional flakes) as building blocks with two or more levels from the nanometer to the macroscopic scale leads to the formation of three-dimensional hierarchical nanostructures. The as-obtained hierarchical nanostructures are usually with unexpected properties for unique applications in energy conversion and storage, catalysis, material science, environment protection, biology, and so on. A tremendous amount of work has been carried out on the synthesis, properties, and applications of hierarchical nanostructured materials. Hierarchical nanostructures have become a hot topic and will be vigorously pursued in the years to come. A family of cutting-edge materials, such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, magnetic nanoparticles, boron nitride, layered double hydroxides, polymer vesicles, as well as zeolites, is still being considered to build hierarchical nanostructures. The strategies to fabricate the related hierarchical nanostructures and their novel properties and applications for energy storage, environmental protection, catalysis, electronics, and healthcare are being widely investigated. Therefore, this rapidly growing field is of critical significance and is attracting great attention from both academia and industry. It is the time to review the progress achieved by outstanding researchers to shed light on the science and technology of hierarchical nanostructures.

In 2012, the first book Hierarchical Structured Porous Materials edited by Bao-Lian Su, Clement Sanchez, and Xiao-Yu Yang was published by Wiley-VCH. This has been a great contribution to porous materials with bimodal, trimodal, and multimodal pore size, with emphasis on the rational design, synthesis, and applications. For the facile transfer of the latest knowledge on hierarchical nanostructures, a new title Advanced Hierarchical Nanostructured Material was proposed. This book is devoted to the hot field of the science and technology of hierarchical nanostructures with low dimensional nanomaterial building blocks, with particular emphasis on the emerging nanocarbon (graphene, carbon nanotube), nanocrystals, mesoporous silicates, polymers, layered double hydroxides, and their related composites. Their complex, three-dimensional nanostructures and ever-increasing applications for energy storage, environmental protection, green catalysis, and biointerface for healthcare are also included.

This book contains 13 chapters written by leading experts worldwide. The book starts with the structural diversity in mesoporous materials (Chapter 1). Then a family of hierarchical nanostructured materials, including biological materials (Chapter 2), magnetic nanoparticles (Chapter 3), metallic micro/nanostructures (Chapter 4), polymer vesicles (Chapter 5), helices (Chapter 6), layered double hydroxides (Chapter 7), boron nitride (Chapter 8), graphene (Chapter 9), hydrothermal nanocarbons (Chapter 10), carbon nanocomposites (Chapter 11), porous carbon (Chapter 12), and functional polymer coatings (Chapter 13), is dealt with. The synthesis, structure, and applications of these above-mentioned materials are also provided in each chapter, with some of them toward certain applications in energy or healthcare.

This book can be used as a basic reference work for the rational design, facile synthesis, and emerging applications of hierarchical nanostructures. This is a critical reference source for scientists and engineers in academia and industry, as well as graduate and undergraduates in a wide range of disciplines including materials science, chemistry, physics, chemical engineering, and environmental and biology sciences.

We are thankful to all the authors for their substantial contributions to this book. We also wish to thank Lesley Belfit, Preuss Martin, and other members of the staff of Wiley-VCH for their highly professional and valuable assistance.

December 2013

Qiang ZhangFei WeiTsinghua UniversityBeijing, China

List of Contributors

Mikhael Bechelany

CNRS Institut Européen des Membranes

IEM-UMR 5635 ENSCM-UM2-CNRS

Université Montpellier 2 Place Eugène Bataillon

Montpellier

France

Samuel Bernard

CNRS Institut Européen des Membranes

IEM-UMR 5635 ENSCM-UM2-CNRS

Université Montpellier 2, Place Eugène Bataillon

Montpellier

France

Hsien-Yeh Chen

National Taiwan University

Department of Chemical Engineering

No 1, Sec. 4 Roosevelt Rd.

Taipei 10617

Taiwan

Xiaodong Chen

Nanyang Technological University

School of Materials Science and Engineering

Nanyang Avenue

Singapore 639798

Singapore

Helmut Cölfen

University of Konstanz

Physical Chemistry and Konstanz Research School of Chemical Biology

Universitätstrasse 10

Konstanz

Germany

Jianzhong Du

Tongji University

School of Materials Science and Engineering

Department of Polymer Science

Caoan Road

Shanghai 201804

China

Xue Duan

Beijing University of Chemical Technology

State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering

Science College

Beisanhuan East Road No. 15

Chaoyang

Beijing, 100029

China

David G. Evans

Beijing University of Chemical Technology

State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering

Science College

Beisanhuan East Road No. 15

Chaoyang

Beijing, 100029

China

Marco Furlan

University of Fribourg

Adolphe Merkle Institute

Route de l'ancienne Papeterie CP 209

Marly 1

Switzerland

Mikhail L. Gordin

The Pennsylvania State University

Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering

Reber Building

University Park

PA 16802

USA

Lin Guo

Beihang University

Department of Applied Chemistry

School of Chemistry and Environment

XueYuan Road No. 37

Haidian

Beijing 100191

China

Jingbin Han

Beijing University of Chemical Technology

State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering

Science College

Beisanhuan East Road No. 15

Chaoyang

Beijing, 100029

China

Yu Han

King Abdullah University of Science and Technology

Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center

Physical Science and Engineering Division

Thuwal 23955-6900

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Yueyue Jiang

Nanyang Technological University

School of Materials Science and Engineering

Nanyang Avenue

Singapore 639798

Singapore

Marco Lattuada

University of Fribourg

Adolphe Merkle Institute

Route de l'ancienne Papeterie CP 209

Marly 1

Switzerland

Lidong Li

Beihang University

Department of Applied Chemistry

School of Chemistry and Environment

XueYuan Road No. 37

Haidian

Beijing 100191

China

Lili Liu

Nanyang Technological University

School of Materials Science and Engineering

Nanyang Avenue

Singapore 639798

Singapore

Philippe Miele

Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier

Institut Européen des Membranes

IEM-UMR 5635

Place Eugène Bataillon

Montpellier

France

Zhiqiang Niu

Nanyang Technological University

School of Materials Science and Engineering

Nanyang Avenue

Singapore 639798

Singapore

Juanjuan Qi

Beihang University

Department of Applied Chemistry

School of Chemistry and Environment

XueYuan Road No. 37

Haidian

Beijing 100191

China

Ashit Rao

University of Konstanz

Physical Chemistry and Konstanz Research School of Chemical Biology

Universitätstrasse 10

Konstanz

Germany

Jong Seto

Ècole Normale Superiéure

Department of Chemistry

rue Lhomond

Paris

France

and

University of Konstanz

Physical Chemistry

Universitätstrasse 10

Konstanz

Germany

Hiesang Sohn

The Pennsylvania State University

Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering

Reber Building

University Park

PA 16802

USA

Chiao-Tzu Su

National Taiwan University

Department of Chemical Engineering

No 1, Sec. 4 Roosevelt Rd.

Taipei 10617

Taiwan

Maria-Magdalena Titirici

Queen Mary University of London

School of Engineering and Materials Science

Mile End Road

London E1 4NS

UK

Meng-Yu Tsai

National Taiwan University

Department of Chemical Engineering

No 1, Sec. 4 Roosevelt Rd.

Taipei 10617

Taiwan

Da-Wei Wang

The University of Queensland

School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences

St Lucia, Brisbane

Queensland 4072

Australia

Donghai Wang

The Pennsylvania State University

Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering

Reber Building

University Park

PA 16802

USA

Fei Wei

Tsinghua University

Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology

Department of Chemical Engineering

Beijing 100084

China

Min Wei

Beijing University of Chemical Technology

State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering

Science College

Beisanhuan East Road No. 15

Chaoyang

Beijing, 100029

China

Daliang Zhang

Jilin University

State Key Lab of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry

Department of Chemistry

Changchun 130012

China

Qiang Zhang

Tsinghua University

Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology

Department of Chemical Engineering

Beijing 100084

China

Meng-Qiang Zhao

Tsinghua University

Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology

Department of Chemical Engineering

Beijing 100084

China

Yihan Zhu

King Abdullah University of Science and Technology

Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center

Physical Science and Engineering Division

Thuwal 23955-6900

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia