Aerosols E-Book

• Herausgeber: Wiley-VCH
• Kategorie: Fachliteratur
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 904

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2011

Beschreibung

This self-contained handbook and ready reference examines aerosol science and technology in depth, providing a detailed insight into this progressive field. As such, it covers fundamental concepts, experimental methods, and a wide variety of applications, ranging from aerosol filtration to biological aerosols, and from the synthesis of carbon nanotubes to aerosol reactors.
Written by a host of internationally renowned experts in the field, this is an essential resource for chemists and engineers in the chemical and materials disciplines across multiple industries, as well as ideal supplementary reading in graduate level courses.

Leseprobe

Table of Contents

Related Titles

Title Page

Copyright Page

List of Contributors

List of Symbols

Introduction

Chapter 1: Introduction to Aerosols

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Aerosol Phenomenology

1.3 Drag Force and Diffusivity

1.4 Diffusion Charging of Aerosol Particles

1.5 Fractal Aggregates

1.6 Coagulation

1.7 Laser-Induced Aerosols

1.8 Conclusion

References

Part I: Aerosol Formation

Chapter 2: High-Temperature Aerosol Systems

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Main High-Temperature Processes for Aerosol Formation

2.3 Basic Dynamic Processes in High-Temperature Aerosol Systems

2.4 Particle Tailoring in High-Temperature Processes

References

Chapter 3: Aerosol Synthesis of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Aerosol-Unsupported Chemical Vapor Deposition Methods

3.3 Control and Optimization of Aerosol Synthesis

3.4 Carbon Nanotube Bundling and Growth Mechanisms

3.5 Integration of the Carbon Nanotubes

3.6 Summary

Acknowledgements

References

Chapter 4: Condensation, Evaporation, Nucleation

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Condensation

4.3 Condensation in the Transition Regime

4.4 Evaporation

4.5 Uptake

4.6 Balancing Fluxes

4.7 Nucleation

4.8 Nucleation-Controlled Processes

4.9 Conclusion

References

Further Reading

Chapter 5: Combustion-Derived Carbonaceous Aerosols (Soot) in the Atmosphere: Water Interaction and Climate Effects

5.1 Black Carbon Aerosols in the Atmosphere: Emissions and Climate Effects

5.2 Physico-Chemical Properties of Black Carbon Aerosols

5.3 Water Uptake by Black Carbons

5.4 Conclusions

Acknowledgements

References

Chapter 6: Radioactive Aerosols – Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant Case Study

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Environmental Aerosols

6.3 Aerosols Inside the Vicinity of the “Shelter” Building

References

Part II: Aerosol Measurement and Characterization

Chapter 7: Applications of Optical Methods for Micrometer and Submicrometer Particle Measurements

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Optical Methods in Particle Measurements

7.3 Short Overview of Light Scattering Theories

7.4 Classification of Optical Instruments for Particle Measurements

7.5 Development of Airborne and Liquid-borne Particle Counters and Sizers

7.6 New Methods Used to Characterize the Electrical Charge and Density of the Particles

7.7 Aerosol Analyzers for Measurement of the Complex Refractive Index of Aerosol Particles

7.8 Comparison of Commercially Available Instruments and Analysis of the Trends of Further Developments

7.9 Conclusions

References

Chapter 8: The Inverse Problem and Aerosol Measurements

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Forms of Representation of Particle Size Distribution

8.3 Differential and Integral Measurements

8.4 Differential Mobility Analysis

8.5 Diffusion Aerosol Spectrometry

8.6 Conclusions

References

Part III: Aerosol Removal

Chapter 9: History of Development and Present State of Polymeric Fine-Fiber Unwoven Petryanov Filter Materials for Aerosol Entrapment

References

Chapter 10: Deposition of Aerosol Nanoparticles in Model Fibrous Filters

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Results of Numerical Modeling of Nanoparticle Deposition in Two-Dimensional Model Filters

10.3 Penetration of Nanoparticles through Wire Screen Diffusion Batteries

10.4 Conclusion

Acknowledgements

References

Chapter 11: Filtration of Liquid and Solid Aerosols on Liquid-Coated Filters

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Wettable Filtration Materials

11.3 Non-Wettable Filtration Materials

11.4 Filtration on a Porous Medium Submerged into a Liquid

References

Part IV: Atmospheric and Biological Aerosols

Chapter 12: Atmospheric Aerosols

12.1 General Concepts

12.2 Atmospheric Aerosols of Different Nature

12.3 Temporal and Dimensional Structure of Atmospheric Aerosols

12.4 Aerosols in the Stratosphere

References

Chapter 13: Biological Aerosols

13.1 Introduction

13.2 History of Bioaerosol Research

13.3 Main Definitions and Types of Bioaerosol Particles

13.4 Sources of Biological Particles and their Aerosolization

13.5 Sampling and Collection

13.6 Analysis

13.7 Real-Time Measurement of Bioaerosols

13.8 Purification of Indoor Air Contaminated with Bioaerosol Particles and Respiratory Protection

References

Chapter 14: Atmospheric Bioaerosols

14.1 Introduction

14.2 Methods of Atmospheric Bioaerosol Research

14.3 Atmospheric Bioaerosol Studies

14.4 Conclusion

References

Index

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The Editor

Prof. Dr. Igor Agranovski

Griffith University

Griffith School of Engineering

170, Kessels Road, Nathan Cam.

Brisbane, Queensland 4111

Australia

All books published by Wiley-VCH are carefully produced. Nevertheless, authors, editors, and publisher do not warrant the information contained in these books, including this book, to be free of errors. Readers are advised to keep in mind that statements, data, illustrations, procedural details or other items may inadvertently be inaccurate.

Library of Congress Card No.: applied for

British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

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The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at <http://dnb.d-nb.de>.

© 2010 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co.

KGaA, Weinheim

All rights reserved (including those of translation into other languages). No part of this book may be reproduced in any form—by photoprinting, microfilm, or any other means—nor transmitted or translated into a machine language without written permission from the publishers. Registered names, trademarks, etc. used in this book, even when not specifically marked as such, are not to be considered unprotected by law.

ISBN: 978-3-527-32660-0

List of Contributors

Igor E. Agranovski

Griffith University

School of Engineering

170 Kessels Road

Nathan Campus

Brisbane

Queensland 4111

Australia

Irina S. Andreeva

Federal Service for Surveillance in Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being

State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology ``Vector''

Koltsovo, 630559

Novosibirsk

Russia

Boris D. Belan

Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

V.E. Zuev Institute for Atmospheric Optics

Akademicheskii Avenue 1

634055 Tomsk

Russia

Galina A. Buryak

Federal Service for Surveillance in Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being

State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology ``Vector''

Koltsovo, 630559

Novosibirsk

Russia

Aladár Czitrovszky

Research Institute for Solid

State Physics and Optics

Department of Laser Application

P.O. Box 49

1525 Budapest

Hungary

Sergey A. Grinshpun

University of Cincinnati

Department of

Environmental Health

3223 Eden Avenue

107 Kettering Building

Cincinnati, Ohio

OH 45267

USA

Lev S. Ivlev

Saint Petersburg

State University

7\endash 9 Universitetskaya Naberezhnaya

Saint Petersburg 1999034

Russia

Alexander A. Kirsch

Russian Research Center ``Kurchatov Institute''

Kurchatov Square, 1

123182 Moscow

Russia

Vasily A. Kirsch

Russian Academy of Sciences

Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry

Leninski Prospect, 31

119991 Moscow

Russia

Alexey A. Lushnikov

Karpov Institute of

Physical Chemistry

10, ul Vorontsovo Pole

103062 Moscow

Russia

and

University of Helsinki

Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences

Physics, Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysics Department

Gustav Hällströmin katu 2

00014 Helsingen Yliopisto

Finland

Arkadi Maisels

Evonik Degussa GmbH

Industriepark Wolfgang

Rodenbacher Chaussee 4

63457 Hanau

Germany

Albert G. Nasibulin

NanoMaterials Group

Department of Applied Physics and Center for New Materials

Aalto University

Puumiehenkuja 2

00076 Espoo

Finland

Boris I. Ogorodnikov

Karpov Institute of

Physical Chemistry

10, ul Vorontsovo pole

105064 Moscow

Russia

Sergei E. Olkin

Federal Service for Surveillance in Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being

State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology ``Vector''

Koltsovo, 630559

Novosibirsk

Russia

Mikhail V. Panchenko

Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

V.E. Zuev Institute for Atmospheric Optics

Akademicheskii Avenue 1

634055 Tomsk

Russia

Olga B. Popovicheva

Skobeltsyn Institute of

Nuclear Physics

Division of Microelectronics

Moscow State University

1(2) Leninskie gory

119991 Moscow

Russia

Irina K. Reznikova

Federal Service for Surveillance in Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being

State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology ``Vector''

Koltsovo, 630559

Novosibirsk

Russia

Bogdan F. Sadovsky

Karpov Institute of

Physical Chemistry

10, ul Vorontsovo Pole

103062 Moscow

Russia

Aleksandr S. Safatov

Federal Service for Surveillance in Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being

State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology ``Vector''

Koltsovo, 630559

Novosibirsk

Russia

Alexander N. Sergeev

Federal Service for Surveillance in Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being

State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology ``Vector''

Koltsovo, 630559

Novosibirsk

Russia

Sergey D. Shandakov

Laboratory of Carbon NanoMaterials

Department of Physics

Kemerovo State University

Krasnaya 6

Kemerovo, 650043

Russia

Valery A. Zagaynov

Karpov Institute of

Physical Chemistry

10, ul Vorontsovo pole

105064 Moscow

Russia