Bioremediation: Challenges and Advancements E-Book
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- Herausgeber: Bentham Science Publishers
- Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
- Sprache: Englisch
Waste management is one of the major challenges for environmental and public health organizations for maintaining safety standards in any area. Population growth and urbanization increase the difficulty in maintaining a sustainable waste management system. Bioremediation refers to the use of living organisms in processes designed to remove toxic chemicals present in waste material. Bioremediation represents a sustainable way to remove a range of environmental pollutants.
Bioremediation: Challenges and Advancements covers the subject of bioremediation in eight chapters that focus on a broad range of waste sources, their adverse impacts on the ecosystem, and the advanced strategies for their remediation. Each chapter also highlights the problems encountered in bioremediation processes.
Key features:
- Comprehensive coverage of bioremediation in 8 reader-friendly chapters
- Highlights methods and challenges of bioremediation in one volume.
- Introduces the reader to bioremediation
- Explains recent biotechnological methods for removing heavy metals and xenobiotic compounds
- Describes strategies including physical, chemical, and biological methods to mitigate radioactive waste from contaminated sites and water bodies
- Details the use of microbial-aided remediation techniques for the management of biomedical and electronic wastes, and its impact on the ecosystem
- Describes bioremediation technologies for decontamination of solid waste pollutants
- Showcases the application of Omics approaches such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics to improve bioremediation processes.
- Covers bioremediation of agro-wastes
- Includes detailed references
This book is an informative reference for scholars (researchers, undergraduate and graduate students of environmental sciences, microbiology and biotechnology) professionals (environmental engineers) and researchers, giving each a good understanding of the significance of bioremediation in solid waste management and the restoration of contaminated sites.
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Seitenzahl: 507
Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2022
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FOREWORD
Prof. Rup LalThe process of production and consumption to meet the incessant demands of mankind leads to the generation of different undesirable pollutants and waste materials. Such undesirable products are potential threats to the environment and pose different kinds of risks to mankind. We need a proper management system and decontamination technologies for the abatement of pollutants and waste materials in a sustainable manner. Most of the decontamination methods are not only costly and energy-consuming, but the generated byproducts are toxic to the environment. Nevertheless, bioremediation is an ecofriendly and economical method that employs different types of microorganisms for the removal of pollutants from the environment. Microorganisms utilize several strategies to remove contaminants, including enzymatic detoxification, adsorption to cell surfaces, intracellular accumulation, sequestration into exopolysaccharides, volatilizations, and biotransformation into their non-toxic form. The wide metabolic and physiological capabilities of microorganisms allow them to survive in extreme environments. These properties render microorganisms the incredible potential of bioremediation, but microorganisms also meet several challenges when applied to the environment for bioremediation. Researchers are working consistently to combat challenges for the successful development of new bioremediation technologies.
This book titled “Bioremediation: Challenges and Advancements” discusses the concepts of bioremediation, challenges, and advancement in bioremediation of different pollutants such as hydrocarbons, xenobiotics, heavy metals, radioactive compounds, and phytoremediation of industrial wastes. Some of the chapters that make the book unique and distinguish it from its contemporaries are the management of plastic wastes and e-wastes, biomedical wastes, and the management of agricultural wastes. Another very interesting chapter is “Application of ‘omics’ in bioremediation.” I hope this book will be beneficial for undergraduate and postgraduate students, researchers, and environmental scientists involved in the bioremediation of different contaminated sites.
PREFACE
DURGESH NARAIN SINGH MANIKANT TRIPATHIWaste management is one of the major challenges for environmental and public health worldwide. With the growing population and urbanization, it is increasing every day. These wastes contain various types of toxic pollutants of organic and inorganic nature, which disturb the ecosystem and pose adverse effects to humans and animals. The provision of pollution-free soil, air, and safe water is critical for a balanced ecosystem. Several treatment techniques, including physical, chemical, and biological, are used to remediate hazardous wastes, whereas bioremediation offers cost-effective and green technology for the abatement of toxic pollutants in the environment. However, there are lots of constraints and complexity in dealing with waste management. This book comprises eight chapters that focus on the waste source to its adverse impacts on the ecosystem, and the advanced strategies for their remediation along with associated challenges. The first two chapters explain microbe-assisted remediation technology to detoxify heavy metals and degrade xenobiotic compounds through various biosynthetic mechanisms, along with the significance of recent biotechnological methods in improving the capability of microbial remediation methods. The toxic pollutants are successfully degraded in microbe-assisted remediation along with phytoremediation. The challenges, future outlooks, and limitations are also discussed. Chapter 3 describes strategies including physical, chemical, and biological methods to mitigate radioactive waste from contaminated sites and water bodies. This chapter is focused on eco-friendly and economical solutions for global radioactive waste disposal problems and other associated challenges. Chapter 4 discusses biomedical waste, which is hazardous, and if left untreated, can cause serious health hazards. This chapter detailed the use of microbial-aided remediation techniques for the removal of biomedical waste. Chapter 5 explains the source of electronic waste, its impact on humans and animals, physicochemical and advanced microbiological methods for the management of e-waste, as well as challenges associated with this. Chapter 6 describes bioremediation strategies for the decontamination of solid waste pollutants. Chapter 7 focuses on the application of OMICs approaches such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics in bioremediation. It plays a significant role in generating information about degradative enzymes and pathways involved in the remediation of pollutants by microorganisms. The last chapter describes the bioremediation of agricultural wastes.
The peculiarity of the book is that it does not only cover methods of bioremediation but also describes the challenges as well recent advancements in the bioremediation of different pollutants. This book would be beneficial to students of environmental sciences, including microbiology and biotechnology, environmental engineers, and researchers working for the restoration of contaminated sites.
List of Contributors
Bioremediation of Hydrocarbons and Xenobiotic Compound
Suman Singh1,Sucheta Singh2,Ramesh Kumar Kushwaha3,*Abstract
In the last few decades, the increase in population, the industrial revolution, and modernization have produced numerous problems in the form of hazardous pollutants in the ecosystem rapidly. These hazardous pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), heavy metals, manmade pesticides (xenobiotics), radioactive materials, toxic chemicals, and dyes created an imbalance in the ecosystem and increased risks to human, plants, and animal’s health. Furthermore, the use of chemical fertilisers, pesticides, and sewage releases toxicants into the soil and potable water, where they enter the food chain and endanger food security. Many strategies and practices have been used to prevent harmful effects of these pollutants up to a certain extent. Various physical and chemical methods have been implemented to remove these contaminants, but due to some limitations, it has not been applied successfully. Despite this, appropriate biological methods are currently applied to decrease pollutants’ concentrations from the soil, water, and the environment. The use of biological methods for bioremediation should be cost-effective, eco-friendly, and biodegradable, decreasing the danger to the ecosystem and living beings. Microbe-assisted remediation technology has been developed to degrade xenobiotic compounds through various biosynthetic mechanisms. The objective of this chapter is to discuss different methods of bioremediation, their process, and mechanisms, employing potential plants and microbes in the remediation of pollutants from the environment. In addition, the present chapter highlighted the significance of recent biotechnological methods in improving the capability of microbial remediation methods. These methods successfully degrade pollutants, emphasizing current advances in microbe-assisted remediation along with phytoremediation as well as related challenges, future outlooks, and limitations.
