Book Printing World Summary E-Book

Editorial DataGroup

• Herausgeber: DataGroup / Data Institute
• Kategorie: Fachliteratur
• Sprache: Englisch

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2019

Beschreibung

The Book Printing World Summary Paperback Edition provides 7 years of Historic & Current data on the market in about 100 countries. The Aggregated market comprises of the65 Products / Services listed. The Products / Services covered (Book printing) are classified by the 5-Digit NAICS Product Codes and each Product and Services is then further defined by each 6 to 10-Digit NAICS Product Codes. In addition full Financial Data (188 items: Historic & Current Balance Sheet, Financial Margins and Ratios) Data is provided for about 100 countries. Total Market Values are given for65 Products/Services covered, including: BOOK PRINTING 1. Book printing 2. Textbook printing & binding 3. Hardbound elementary & high school (grades K through 12) textbook printing & binding, incl teachers' editions 4. Paperbound elementary & high school (grades K through 12) textbook printing & binding, incl teachers' editions 5. Hardbound college (grades 13 & up, for any post high school level courses) textbook printing & binding 6. Paperbound college (grades 13 & up, for any post high school level courses) textbook printing & binding 7. Workbook & standardized test printing & binding, all grade levels 8. Textbooks, printing & binding, nsk 9. Technical, scientific & professional book printing & binding 10. Hardbound technical, scientific & professional book printing & binding 11. Paperbound technical, scientific & professional book printing & binding 12. Technical, scientific & professional book printing & binding, nsk 13. Religious book printing & binding 14. Hardbound (incl flexible cover) religious book printing & binding 15. Paperbound religious book printing & binding 16. Religious books, printing & binding, nsk 17. Religious book printing & binding, nsk 18. General book (trade, etc.) printing & binding 19. Hardbound book club & mail order book printing & binding 20. Paperbound book club & mail order book printing & binding 21. Mass market rack-size paperbound book printing & binding, distributed predominantly to mass market outlets 22. Hardbound adult trade book printing & binding, sold primarily through retail or wholesale book sellers 23. Paperbound adult trade book printing & binding, sold primarily through retail or wholesale book sellers 24. Hardbound juvenile book printing & binding (fiction & nonfiction, incl toy & coloring books) 25. Paperbound juvenile book printing & binding (fiction & nonfiction, incl toy & coloring books) 26. General book (trade, etc.) printing & binding, nsk 27. Other book printing & binding, nec 28. Encyclopedia printing & binding 29. Other hardbound reference book printing & binding (incl dictionaries, thesauruses, etc.) 30. Hardbound reference book printing and binding 31. Other paperbound reference book printing & binding (incl dictionaries, thesauruses, etc.) 32. Paperbound reference book printing and binding 33. All other hardbound book printing & binding, nec (incl music books, university press books, etc.) 34. All other paperbound book printing & binding, nec (incl music books, university press books, etc.) 35. Other books, nec, printing & binding, nsk 36. Books, printing only, not bound 37. Pamphlet printing & binding or printing only (excl advertising pamphlets) 38. Pamphlets printing & binding or printing only (excl advertising pamphlets) 39. Book printing, nsk, total 40. Book printing, nsk, nonadministrative-record 41. Book printing, nsk, administrative-record

Leseprobe

Book Printing

World Summary Edition

established 1974, a brand since 1981.

www.datagroup.org

Book Printing

World Summary

This research provides data on Book Printing. The report is an extract of the main database and provides a number of summary datasets for each of the countries covered.

Contents

  Preface

  Products

  Countries

  Definitions

    Market Notes & Definitions

      Market Data

      The Market Environment

      Data Time Series

      Forecast Data + Market Forecasts

      Long-Range Forecast Data & Time Series

      Exchange Rates & Purchasing Power Parity

    Financial Notes & Definitions

      Financial Data

      Financial Data Definitions

  Country Data

    Algeria

    Argentina

    Australia

    Austria

    Azerbaijan

    Bahrain

    Bangladesh

    Belarus

    Belgium

    Bolivia

    Bosnia and Herzegovina

    Botswana

    Brazil

    Bulgaria

    Cambodia

    Canada

    Chile

    China

    Colombia

    Costa Rica

    Croatia

    Cyprus

    Czech Republic

    Denmark

    Ecuador

    Egypt

    El Salvador

    Estonia

    Finland

    France

    French Guiana

    Georgia

    Germany

    Ghana

    Greece

    Guyana

    Honduras

    Hong Kong

    Hungary

    India

    Indonesia

    Iran

    Ireland

    Israel

    Italy

    Jamaica

    Japan

    Kazakstan

    Kenya

    Kuwait

    Kyrgyzstan

    Laos

    Latvia

    Lebanon

    Lithuania

    Luxembourg

    Malawi

    Malaysia

    Mexico

    Morocco

    Netherlands

    New Zealand

    Nicaragua

    Nigeria

    Norway

    Pakistan

    Panama

    Paraguay

    Peru

    Philippines

    Poland

    Portugal

    Romania

    Russia

    Saudi Arabia

    Serbia and Montenegro

    Singapore

    Slovakia

    Slovenia

    South Africa

    South Korea

    Spain

    Sri Lanka

    Suriname

    Sweden

    Switzerland

    Taiwan

    Tanzania

    Thailand

    Tunisia

    Turkey

    Uganda

    Ukraine

    United Arab Emirates

    United Kingdom

    United States

    Uruguay

    Uzbekistan

    Vietnam

    Zambia

  Upgrade Editions

      Dive Deeper

    The Book Printing PDF Summary

      Market Consumption

      PureData Express PDF Report

      Tables

      Countries Covered

      Market Notes & Definitions

    Database Editions

     The Book Printing Databases

      Description

      Coverage

      Database Editions

      Markets & Products

      Products & Markets

      Geographic Coverage

      Financial data

      General Contents

      World Report + Database Edition Contents

      Databases & Structures

      Chapters

      Spreadsheets

      Deliverables

      Toolkits

      Proprietary Software package compatibility

      Real Time Support

    Regional Report country coverage

  After-Sales Services

      Report & Database After-Sales Services

      Real Time Support

      Resource Webs -v- Dedicated sites

      Product Level

      Data Product levels

      How to order After-Sales Services

      Modular research

      1. Market Research

      2. Distribution Channels & End Users Data

      3. Survey Data

      4. Corporate Data

      5. Additional Data

      Database Products supported by the After-Sales Service

  Methodology

      Original Research

      Data Sources

  About DataGroup

World Summary eBook Edition

Database ID: 769997686271  Base Database Reference: 323117

Published by The DataGroup Stiftung, Vaduz, Liechtenstein. Copyright © by DataGroup Stiftung.

Preface

This document provides data on Book printing. This represents a small extract of the main database and provides summary data for each of the countries covered.

This Book Printing World Summary covers one headline topic, namely Book Printing; however this heading itself is comprised of  65  Product or Market Sectors.

There are 3 classes of data [7 Year datasets], Market Data and Financial Data & Margins.

The Book Printing World Summary eBook Edition provides 7 years of Historic & Current data on the market in about 100 countries. The Aggregated market comprises of the 65 Products and Services listed. The Products and Services covered (Book printing) are classified by the 5-Digit NAICS Product Codes and each Product and Services is then further defined by each 6 to 10-Digit NAICS Product Codes. In addition full Financial Data (188 items: Historic & Current Balance Sheet, Financial Margins and Ratios) Data is provided for about 100 countries.

The limitations of the eBook format

Whereas the PureData Express PDF Edition may have up to 2,500 pages, and a World Report + Database Edition may have 22,000 files, thousands of pages, and 18,000 Access tables and Excel spreadsheets, obviously this would not be possible to render in an eBook edition.

The limitations of the eBook page, and the physical number of pages, makes the presentation of large amounts of tabular data difficult; therefore this eBook edition is limited in the data which can be shown.

The main limitations of this Book Printing World Summary is that the number of countries is limited to about 100 countries (rather than 200 countries in some editions), the Time Series is limited to 7 years of current data (rather than historic data by year from 1997 & forecast data by year to 2043 found in some editions), and the Market data is limited to the headline Product / Market, namely Book printing (rather than each of the  65 Product & Market Sectors covered individually by year from 1997 and forecast to 2043 as in some editions).

Why no forecasts?

Market and Financial Forecasts are dynamic and change on an almost weekly basis.  The database for Book Printing, on which this eBook edition is based, is held in real-time and updated on a monthly schedule.

Static off-the-shelf editions, like the eBook and Print Editions cannot be updated in real time, and thus the data within them may be quickly out-of-date. It is for this reason that our eBook and Print editions are low cost and actually only represent an introduction to the topic.

Thus dynamic forecasts are given in the PureData Express PDF Edition and the Report + Database Editions; because these editions are generated in real-time for each order; and this ensures that users get the most up-to-date data and forecasts available.

Real-Time Editions available

1.     PureData Express PDF Edition

2.     World Report + Database (up to 200 countries)

3.     Regional Report + Database (9 regions)

4.     Country Report + Database (up to 200 individual countries)

5.    Country & Town Report + Database (up to 200 individual countries, plus major Towns & Cities in the country)

Database ID: 769997686271   Base Database: 323117

Products

The Book Printing constituent Product & Market Sectors include:-

BOOK PRINTING

323117

Book printing

3231171

Textbook printing & binding

32311711

Hardbound elementary & high school (grades K through 12) textbook printing & binding, incl teachers' editions

3231171111

Hardbound elementary & high school (grades K through 12) textbook printing & binding, incl teachers' editions

32311712

Paperbound elementary & high school (grades K through 12) textbook printing & binding, incl teachers' editions

3231171216

Paperbound elementary & high school (grades K through 12) textbook printing & binding, incl teachers' editions

32311713

Hardbound college (grades 13 & up, for any post high school level courses) textbook printing & binding

3231171321

Hardbound college (grades 13 & up, for any post high school level courses) textbook printing & binding

32311714

Paperbound college (grades 13 & up, for any post high school level courses) textbook printing & binding

3231171426

Paperbound college (grades 13 & up, for any post high school level courses) textbook printing & binding

32311715

Workbook & standardized test printing & binding, all grade levels

3231171531

Workbook & standardized test printing & binding, all grade levels

3231171Y

Textbooks, printing & binding, nsk

3231171YWV

Textbooks, printing & binding, nsk

3231173

Technical, scientific & professional book printing & binding

32311731

Technical, scientific & professional book printing & binding

3231173111

Hardbound technical, scientific & professional book printing & binding

3231173116

Paperbound technical, scientific & professional book printing & binding

3231173Y

Technical, scientific & professional book printing & binding, nsk

3231173YWV

Technical, scientific & professional book printing & binding, nsk

3231175

Religious book printing & binding

32311751

Religious book printing & binding

3231175111

Hardbound (incl flexible cover) religious book printing & binding

3231175116

Paperbound religious book printing & binding

3231175Y

Religious books, printing & binding, nsk

3231175YWV

Religious book printing & binding, nsk

3231177

General book (trade, etc.) printing & binding

32311771

Hardbound book club & mail order book printing & binding

3231177111

Hardbound book club & mail order book printing & binding

32311772

Paperbound book club & mail order book printing & binding

3231177216

Paperbound book club & mail order book printing & binding

32311773

Mass market rack-size paperbound book printing & binding, distributed predominantly to mass market outlets

3231177321

Mass market rack-size paperbound book printing & binding, distributed predominantly to mass market outlets

32311774

Hardbound adult trade book printing & binding, sold primarily through retail or wholesale book sellers

3231177426

Hardbound adult trade book printing & binding, sold primarily through retail or wholesale book sellers

32311775

Paperbound adult trade book printing & binding, sold primarily through retail or wholesale book sellers

3231177531

Paperbound adult trade book printing & binding, sold primarily through retail or wholesale book sellers

32311776

Hardbound juvenile book printing & binding (fiction & nonfiction, incl toy & coloring books)

3231177636

Hardbound juvenile book printing & binding (fiction & nonfiction, incl toy & coloring books)

32311777

Paperbound juvenile book printing & binding (fiction & nonfiction, incl toy & coloring books)

3231177741

Paperbound juvenile book printing & binding (fiction & nonfiction, incl toy & coloring books)

3231177Y

General book (trade, etc.) printing & binding, nsk

3231177YWV

General book (trade, etc.) printing & binding, nsk

3231179

Other book printing & binding, nec

32311791

Other book printing & binding, nec

3231179111

Encyclopedia printing & binding

3231179116

Other hardbound reference book printing & binding (incl dictionaries, thesauruses, etc.)

3231179118

Hardbound reference book printing and binding

3231179121

Other paperbound reference book printing & binding (incl dictionaries, thesauruses, etc.)

3231179123

Paperbound reference book printing and binding

3231179126

All other hardbound book printing & binding, nec (incl music books, university press books, etc.)

3231179131

All other paperbound book printing & binding, nec (incl music books, university press books, etc.)

3231179Y

Other books, nec, printing & binding, nsk

3231179YWV

Other books, nec, printing & binding, nsk

323117A

Books, printing only, not bound

323117A1

Books, printing only, not bound

323117A100

Books, printing only, not bound

323117C

Pamphlet printing & binding or printing only (excl advertising pamphlets)

323117C1

Pamphlets printing & binding or printing only (excl advertising pamphlets)

323117C100

Pamphlets printing & binding or printing only (excl advertising pamphlets)

323117W

Book printing, nsk, total

323117WY

Book printing, nsk, total

323117WYWW

Book printing, nsk, nonadministrative-record

323117WYWY

Book printing, nsk, administrative-record

Product Coding

NAICS / SIC coded reports and databases

This data is from Market databases which are designed to be compatible with U.S. government databases.

The report structures, datasets, field names, et al, are an analogue of U.S. Department of Commerce databases, and the U.S. Census databases. This series of report is designed to provide an analogue of U.S. Census data, but in a worldwide context.

The products are described under their NAICS or SIC coding. This coding systems classifies products within Product Codes.

For a full explanation of the NAICS coding system see: http://www.census.gov/eos/www/naics/

The NAICS coding system uses a hierarchical structure where the 5 digit product codes are composed of the sum of the 6 digit codes; the 6 digit product codes are composed of the sum of the 7 digit codes, et al. Thereby the data on the individual product code (at whichever level : 5, 6, 7, 8 or 10 digits) is complete for that product code.

These product / revenue lines codes are of course determined by the U.S. Government agencies.

How to interpret the NAICS coded data:

NAICS code

5-Digit

6-Digit

7-Digit

8-Digit

5-Digit

5-Digit codes

6-Digit

6-Digit codes

7-Digit

7-Digit codes

8-Digit

8-Digit codes

10-Digit

Countries

This report covers the following Countries:-

Algeria

Argentina

Australia

Austria

Azerbaijan

Bahrain

Bangladesh

Belarus

Belgium

Bolivia

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Botswana

Brazil

Bulgaria

Cambodia

Canada

Chile

China

Colombia

Costa Rica

Croatia

Cyprus

Czech Republic

Denmark

Ecuador

Egypt

El Salvador

Estonia

Finland

France

French Guiana

Georgia

Germany

Ghana

Greece

Guyana

Honduras

Hong Kong

Hungary

India

Indonesia

Iran

Ireland

Israel

Italy

Jamaica

Japan

Kazakstan

Kenya

Kuwait

Kyrgyzstan

Laos

Latvia

Lebanon

Lithuania

Luxembourg

Malawi

Malaysia

Mexico

Morocco

Netherlands

New Zealand

Nicaragua

Nigeria

Norway

Pakistan

Panama

Paraguay

Peru

Philippines

Poland

Portugal

Romania

Russia

Saudi Arabia

Serbia and Montenegro

Singapore

Slovakia

Slovenia

South Africa

South Korea

Spain

Sri Lanka

Suriname

Sweden

Switzerland

Taiwan

Tanzania

Thailand

Tunisia

Turkey

Uganda

Ukraine

United Arab Emirates

United Kingdom

United States

Uruguay

Uzbekistan

Vietnam

Zambia

Data Caveat

This report is designed to give a common definition, unit of measure and quantification of markets in the countries covered. These reports rely on data collection at various levels of the product flow; this effectively means, the producers, the distribution channels and the end user or consumers. This data is then correlated with any national and international statistical data produced by official agencies. Unfortunately, product flow data gathering in some countries is difficult, and moreover the official statistical data is both inaccurate and sparse. In such circumstances, in some countries, we have to flag a Data Caveat as a warning.  What this means is that in some countries the data is not sufficiently verifiable for statistical purposes and in those cases the data may not be presented.

Definitions

Market Notes & Definitions

ALL MARKET DATA FIGURES ARE IN REAL TERMS

REAL TERMS are figures excluding the effects of inflation, thus the figures given can be readily converted into units or volume.  This is done by applying the average product prices for the base year and dividing the figures by this price for all years. Thus it is possible to easily ascertain historic product volume.

A "most recent published accounts" base is used because most company accounts are historic and thus clients will be able to compare the figures given in this report with their own company figures without the need for conversion or the need for inflators or multiplying factors.

Average sales prices are not appropriate or applicable to this database.

The  effect of using Real Terms figures is that the forecasted figures will be depressed, as they do not include inflation, and figures from former years (i.e. before the Base Year) will be increased:

In the diagram, the Base Year is at the convergent point of Current Values and Real Terms Values.

The Current Cost usually increases because of the effects of inflation.

The Real Terms figures, do not include the effects of inflation and thus only increases or decreases if the actual product volume or units increase or decrease. In this way it is possible to evaluate the market & other data more realistically.

The figures represent an overall median probability trend line that is plotted to give the most probable course amongst the annual scatter. Thus, the figures do not reflect year-on-year depressions and peaks in absolute terms, but instead represents a year-on-year modified trend line. The various SCENARIOS provided in the database reflect the differential forecasts specific to the factors being forecast.

The U.S. government uses the term Constant dollars (or “real” dollars) and this is defined thus: Output values converted to a base price level, calculated by dividing current (or actual) dollars by a deflator. Use of constant dollars eliminates the effects of price changes between the year of measurement and the base year and allows calculation of real changes in output.

Market Data

The MARKET DATA covers the historic and forecast years.

The Market Environment

There are four basic issues to investigate when considering the market environment:

   1. Market Growth

   2. Market Structure

   3. Market/s Serviced

   4. Customer & End User Factors

1. MARKET GROWTH (both short-term and medium term) is fully analysed in other editions. The importance of this factor is of course self-evident and thus not requiring further explanation.

2. THE MARKET STRUCTURE is very critical for profitability. The nature of the market, the location of the Marketplace, the customer base and the supplier structure is fully provided in several other sections of this study and therefore no further discussion is necessary.

3. MARKET SERVICED is the term used to denote the function between the product/s and services offered by entities and the particular market sector the marketing effort reaches. In addition, there is the AVAILABLE MARKET to consider as this represents the ‘real market’ available to any particular company or supplier.

Thus the Market Area Serviced is the part of the market for which companies are offering a suitable product or service and the Available Market are those sector of the market reached by a company's marketing effort. These areas may overlap or merge to form the Market Area Serviced, i.e. the market sectors for which companies are offering suitable product/s or services and which may theoretically be reached by a company’s sales activities.

The Market Area Serviced is the true market for companies in terms of product/s & services, however parts of this market may be difficult or impossible to attain due to the control exerted by either the vested Purchasers or Suppliers.

Data Time Series

The DATA covers a 7 year time series format as this is the most popular time series demanded by readers.

Forecast Data + Market Forecasts

MARKET FORECAST DATA is available in other editions, and these forecasts covers the years to 2028 and 2043.

CORPORATE DATABASE:  These figures only refer to the Markets accessible to Industry Companies and may not reflect the overall or total markets for the products or market sectors.

1. ALL FIGURES IN THIS SECTION ARE IN REAL TERMS: CURRENT YEAR BASE

REAL TERMS are prices excluding the effects of inflation, thus the Market figures given can be readily converted into units or volume.  This is done by applying the average sales prices for the Current Year and dividing the Market figures by this price for all years. Thus it is possible to easily ascertain previous and forecasted product volume.

A Current Year base is used because company data is historic and thus readers will be able to compare the figures given in this volume with their own figures without the need for conversion or the need for inflators or multiplying factors.

The effect of using Real Terms figures is that the forecasted figures will be depressed, as they do not include inflation, and figures from former years (i.e. before the Current Year) will be increased.

2. The Market figures and the Trend line represent an overall median probability trend line which is plotted to give the most probable course amongst the annual market forecast scatter. Thus the figures do not reflect year-on-year depressions and peaks in absolute terms, but instead represents a year-on-year modified trend line.

3. All analyses are based on correlations of the results of the Surveys of Suppliers, Distribution and Customers.  Thus, for example, an analysis of Market Sectors will gain data firstly from the End User Surveys and secondly confirmations and correlations will be gained from the Surveys of Suppliers and the Distributors. This in the opinion of the publishers is a very accurate method and is far superior than, for example, that which is used in the compilation of the majority of published governmental statistics.

4.  All figures given refer only to the product/s covered and not to any other product or systems which may be connected or associated with the products covered.

5.  The TREND figures given in the Industry section refers to the average year-on-year change in the period.

6.  The YEAR-ON-YEAR TREND figures refer to the average year-on-year change in the period.

Long-Range Forecast Data And Time Series

The data in the LONG-RANGE FORECAST time series covers a period of 28 years. This is the standard long range forecast format and is usually used for planning production plant / capital projects, macro-economic trends and demographic data.

LONG-RANGE REGRESSIONAL HISTORIC ( 1972 - 2046 ) DATA AND TIME SERIES

The data in the LONG-RANGE REGRESSIONAL historic/forecast time series covers the years to 1972-2046 This is the standard long range HISTORIC / FORECAST format. We provide users with this time series (on request) as part of our Service to enable long range regressional analysis for forecasting models which require an extended time period analysis.

Exchange Rates + Purchasing Power Parity

The report database and forecasting models do not use current market or bank exchange rates as these can be deceptive. The rates used are those of the base year in addition to a number of real value factors which reflect the actual or forecasted value of the product in each of the national markets over the period 1972 to the Current year. A simple conversion of local currency into U.S. Dollars or any other national currency cannot be used to adequately quantify products or services.

The report database and forecasting models are attempting to show the relative values of products or markets free from any extraneous effects of currency movements or government fiscal policy which arbitrarily alter currency exchange rates.  Thus the currency calculations and data in the database are indicating relative unit values or the relative cost of the product or service in the national market.

We do not indicate the Currency Conversion Rate that you can use with any calculations and readers will have to apply their own discretion in this respect.  Beware however, such calculations involving currency conversions can be artificial and spurious and may not reflect real values of either products or markets.

The diagram below shows the problem of relating Product or Market Values or Costs in Real Terms, the National Currency Value in Real Terms (i.e. excluding the effects of Inflation) and the Value of another currency (the Converted Currency, given as $) in relation to the National Currency.

The U.S. government definitions are somewhat simplistic and thus the database and forecasting models used by DataGroup make use the following factors:-

 1. The UNIT VALUE of the Product

 2. Discounting in the UNIT VALUE of the Product in the market

 3. Stockholdings and the UNIT VALUE of those stocks

 4. Forecast of UNIT VALUE of the Product

 5. The Real Terms VALUE of the National Currency

 6. The Factor between the CURRENT Value of the National Currency and the UNIT of Product over time

 7. The Factor between the REAL TERMS Value of the National Currency and the UNIT of Product over time

 8. Forecast of the National Currency in REAL TERMS

 9. Forecast of the Factor between the REAL TERMS National Currency and the UNIT of Product over time

10. Each of the above factors (1-9) in relation to the Converted Currency both in CURRENT Value and REAL TERMS Value over time.

THE PROBLEM OF CURRENCY EXCHANGE CONVERSIONS

The following diagram is used to explain the problems associated with Currency Conversions. 

PURCHASING POWER PARITY

U.S. Government definitions

The U.S. government uses currency parity estimates (for GDP and other economic measures) as have from time to time been revised from figures published in previous government statistics, including issues of the Handbook of International Economic Statistics, the Federal Reserve Bank, the Department of Commerce,  and the CIA. Those bodies use purchasing power parity conversion rates based on Summers and Heston (PENN World Tables). The present estimates are based on purchasing power parity conversion rates published in the World Bank's World Development Report (1996, et seq.), a widely used source that includes a more up-to-date list of countries than the PENN World Tables. Estimates for countries not included in the World Development Report make use of the PENN World Tables and other published sources.

Constant versus Current Dollars

Estimates of gross domestic product (GDP) are presented in base year (1997, 2007, 2014, etc.) US dollars. In contrast, foreign trade figures are presented in current dollars, i.e. in dollars of the year to which the figure pertains.

GDP Methodology

Estimates of national data (E.g. gross domestic product - GDP) estimates are based on purchasing power parity (PPP) calculations rather than on conversions at currency exchange rates. PPP dollar estimates are calculated by applying standardized international dollar prices to a country's output of goods and services and are the best measure for international comparisons of GDP. The GDP data presented in this publication represent the latest available estimates for individual countries, regional groupings, and world totals. GDP figures are frequently revised and vary according to the source and/or date of estimate. Consequently, some of the GDP data reported in may differ somewhat from data presented in other Agency publications - including the CIA - because of different cut-off dates in researching and compiling the data.

PRODUCT PARITY

The basis of the data provided is to allow users to produce business plans and forecasting models across national and statistically diverse boundaries. Thus it is necessary to adopt a standard product definition which can be then applied across national borders. The product definition chosen is the U.S. government’s NAICS product codes (and the previous SIC product codes where relevant). The U.S. government stubbornly clings to the imperial system of measurement and this further complicates the matter. The problem is to apply these product definitions across the international boundaries.

The use of PRODUCT PARITY is intended to allow trans-national business planning & forecasting (however readers can request data based on national product definitions), and in general terms Product Parity means that equivalent products are compared even where the exact technical specification, or quantification, of the product is not the same. Thus a 12 fluid ounce liquid container as defined in the (Imperial measuring system) NAICS product codes is quantitatively equivalent to 35.5ml, however for the purposes of Product Parity it will be the equivalent of a 33ml liquid container in countries with a Metric measuring system. Similarly in non-Metric markets a 16 ounces or 1 pound Imperial measure, whilst actually equivalent to 454 grams, will equate to a 450 gram product in Metric measure markets.

For many products this ‘Product Parity’ will be based on the ‘Purchasing Parity unit costs’ -v- ‘product performance’, rather than ‘unit cost’ -v- ‘technical specifications’. This is because national markets impose different technical specifications on products which essentially fulfil the same customer requirement, and thus these products have a Product Parity which can be used for uniform, cross border, business planning and forecasting.

MARKET CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM:  NAICS -V- SIC

Long term users of these databases and forecasting models will have noted that U.S. Federal statistical data collected on or after January 1, 1997, use the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). The previous Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system has been used to classify industry sectors in the U.S. economy since 1940. However, the basic structure has remained substantially the same since.

Criticisms have been levelled at the current NAICS: it focuses too heavily on manufacturing, and gives little recognition to the growing service sector that now represents 80 percent of GDP. NAICS is based on a production concept. Classifying an industry by production means that establishments using similar processes and inputs to produce a good or service are grouped together. Inputs include types of labour & skills, capital equipment, and intermediate materials. In many cases intangible inputs may be important, especially in the services industries.

For the manufacturing industries, most of the effort was spent on harmonizing the systems of the United States, Canada, and Mexico and addressing the statistical needs of U.S. industries. The United States will have approximately the same number of manufacturing industries in the NAICS as it did in the SIC. A subsector has been created for computer & electronic product manufacturing to reflect the growth in advanced technologies.

In addition to the changes in the manufacturing industries, three new sectors have been created that did not exist within the SIC system:

(1) The information sector brings together such industries as publishing, motion picture and video, sound recording, broadcasting, telecommunications, libraries, on-line information services, and data processing.

(2) The professional, scientific, and technical services sector includes those establishments engaged in processes that involve significant human capital. This sector includes legal, architectural, and engineering services, and firms engaging in management consulting, public relations, and advertising.

(3) The health-care and social assistance sector was developed because it is difficult to distinguish the boundaries of health care and social assistance. These industries range from those that provide acute (doctors/hospitals) to minimal health care with social assistance to those providing only social assistance, such as housing facilities for the elderly.

Financial Notes & Definitions

Financial Data

The FINANCIAL DATA covers a 7 year time series.  

FINANCIAL BALANCE SHEETS

ROW

TITLE

LEGEND

1

TOTAL SALES: Figures are synchronized with the Median Market Data. This ensures that one can use a standardized market measure to compare the Financial data and not have the complication of interpreting the financial data in relation to the market scenarios.

$M

2

DOMESTIC SALES

% Sales

3

EXPORTS

% Sales

4

PRE-TAX PROFIT

% Sales

5

INTEREST PAID

% Sales

6

NON-TRADING INCOME

% Sales

7

OPERATING PROFIT

% Sales

8

DEPRECIATION: STRUCTURES

% Sales

9

DEPRECIATION: PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

% Sales

10

DEPRECIATION: MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS

% Sales

11

TOTAL DEPRECIATION

% Sales

12

TRADING PROFIT

% Sales

13

INTANGIBLE ASSETS

% Sales

14

INTERMEDIATE ASSETS

% Sales

15

FIXED ASSETS: STRUCTURES

% Sales

16

FIXED ASSETS: PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

% Sales

17

FIXED ASSETS: MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS

% Sales

18

FIXED ASSETS

% Sales

19

CAPITAL EXPENDITURE ON STRUCTURES

% Sales

20

CAPITAL EXPENDITURE ON PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

% Sales

21

CAPITAL EXPENDITURE ON VEHICLES

% Sales

22

CAPITAL EXPENDITURE ON DATA PROCESSING EQUIPMENT

% Sales

23

CAPITAL EXPENDITURE ON MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS

% Sales

24

TOTAL CAPITAL EXPENDITURE

% Sales

25

RETIREMENTS: STRUCTURES

% Sales

26

RETIREMENTS: PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

% Sales

27

RETIREMENTS: MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS

% Sales

28

TOTAL RETIREMENTS

% Sales

29

TOTAL FIXED ASSETS

% Sales

30

FINISHED PRODUCT STOCKS

% Sales

31

WORK IN PROGRESS AS STOCKS

% Sales

32

MATERIALS AS STOCKS

% Sales

33

TOTAL STOCKS & INVENTORY

% Sales

34

DEBTORS

% Sales

35

MISCELLANEOUS CURRENT ASSETS

% Sales

36

TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS

% Sales

37

TOTAL ASSETS

% Sales

38

CREDITORS

% Sales

39

SHORT TERM LOANS

% Sales

40

MISCELLANEOUS CURRENT LIABILITIES

% Sales

41

TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES

% Sales

42

NET ASSETS / CAPITAL EMPLOYED

% Sales

43

SHAREHOLDERS FUNDS

% Sales

44

LONG TERM LOANS

% Sales

45

MISCELLANEOUS LONG TERM LIABILITIES

% Sales

46

WORKERS

persons

47

HOURS WORKED

Hours

52

TOTAL EMPLOYEES

persons

53

RAW MATERIALS COST

% Sales

54

FINISHED MATERIALS COST

% Sales

55

FUEL COST

% Sales

56

ELECTRICITY COST

% Sales

57

TOTAL INPUT SUPPLIES / MATERIALS AND ENERGY COSTS

% Sales

58

PAYROLL COSTS

% Sales

59

WAGES

% Sales

60

DIRECTORS' REMUNERATIONS

% Sales

61

EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

% Sales

62

COMMISSIONS & INCENTIVES PAID

% Sales

63

TOTAL REMUNERATIONS

% Sales

64

SUB CONTRACTORS

% Sales

65

RENTAL & LEASING: STRUCTURES

% Sales

66

RENTAL & LEASING: PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

% Sales

67

TOTAL RENTAL & LEASING COSTS

% Sales

68

MAINTENANCE: STRUCTURES

% Sales

69

MAINTENANCE: PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

% Sales

70

TOTAL MAINTENANCE COSTS

% Sales

71

SERVICES PURCHASED

% Sales

72

COMMUNICATIONS COSTS

% Sales

73

MISCELLANEOUS EXPENSES

% Sales

74

SALES PERSONNEL VARIABLE & COMMISSION COSTS

% Sales

75

SALES EXPENSES AND COSTS

% Sales

76

SALES MATERIALS COSTS

% Sales

77

TOTAL SALES COSTS

% Sales

78

DISTRIBUTION FIXED COSTS

% Sales

79

DISTRIBUTION VARIABLE COSTS

% Sales

80

WAREHOUSING FIXED COSTS

% Sales

81

WAREHOUSING VARIABLE COSTS

% Sales

82

PHYSICAL HANDLING FIXED COSTS

% Sales

83

PHYSICAL HANDLING VARIABLE COSTS

% Sales

84

PHYSICAL PROCESS FIXED COSTS

% Sales

85

PHYSICAL PROCESS VARIABLE COSTS

% Sales

86

TOTAL DISTRIBUTION AND HANDLING COSTS

% Sales

87

MAILING & CORRESPONDENCE COSTS

% Sales

88

MEDIA ADVERTISING COSTS

% Sales

89

ADVERTISING MATERIALS & PRINT COSTS

% Sales

90

POS & DISPLAY COSTS

% Sales

91

EXHIBITION & EVENTS COSTS

% Sales

92

TOTAL ADVERTISING COSTS

% Sales

93

PRODUCT RETURNS & REJECTION COSTS

% Sales

94

PRODUCT INSTALLATION & RE-INSTALLATION COSTS

% Sales

95

PRODUCT BREAKDOWN & POST INSTALLATION COSTS

% Sales

96

PRODUCT SYSTEMS & CONFIGURATION COSTS

% Sales

97

PRODUCT SERVICE & MAINTENANCE COSTS

% Sales

98

CUSTOMER PROBLEMS & CUSTOMER COMPLAINT COSTS

% Sales

99

TOTAL AFTER-SALES COSTS

% Sales

100

TOTAL MARKETING COSTS

% Sales

101

NEW TECHNOLOGY EXPENDITURE

% Sales

102

NEW PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY EXPENDITURE

% Sales

103

TOTAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENDITURE

% Sales

104

TOTAL OPERATIONAL & PROCESS COSTS

% Sales

105

DEBTORS WITHIN AGREED TERMS

% Sales

106

DEBTORS OUTSIDE AGREED TERMS

% Sales

107

UN-RECOVERABLE DEBTS

% Sales

Financial Data Definitions

Country Data

Algeria

Argentina

Australia

Austria

Azerbaijan

Bahrain

Bangladesh

Belarus

Belgium

Bolivia

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Botswana

Brazil

Bulgaria

Cambodia

Canada

Chile

China

Colombia

Costa Rica

Croatia

Cyprus

Czech Republic

Denmark

Ecuador

Egypt

El Salvador

Estonia

Finland

France

French Guiana

Georgia

Germany

Ghana

Greece

Guyana

Honduras

Hong Kong

Hungary

India

Indonesia

Iran

Ireland

Israel

Italy

Jamaica

Japan

Kazakstan

Kenya

Kuwait

Kyrgyzstan

Laos

Latvia

Lebanon

Lithuania

Luxembourg

Malawi

Malaysia

Mexico

Morocco

Netherlands

New Zealand

Nicaragua

Nigeria

Norway

Pakistan

Panama

Paraguay

Peru

Philippines

Poland

Portugal

Romania

Russia

Saudi Arabia

Serbia and Montenegro

Singapore

Slovakia

Slovenia

South Africa

South Korea

Spain

Sri Lanka

Suriname

Sweden

Switzerland

Taiwan

Tanzania

Thailand

Tunisia

Turkey

Uganda

Ukraine

United Arab Emirates

United Kingdom

United States

Uruguay

Uzbekistan

Vietnam

Zambia

Algeria

Algeria Market : US$ Million : 2014 - 2020

Product / Market

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Book printing

97.9

100.0

105.6

110.2

111.9

115.8

119.8

Algeria Financials : 2014 - 2020

Balance Sheet - Real Terms

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

TOTAL SALES

87.50%

89.40%

94.40%

98.50%

100.00%

103.55%

107.10%

PRE-TAX PROFIT

3.15

3.95

4.72

5.59

6.51

7.03

7.96

NON-TRADING INCOME

1.40

1.80

1.92

2.05

2.19

2.34

2.47

OPERATING PROFIT

9.32

8.51

8.97

9.53

10.08

10.23

10.84

DEPRECIATION: STRUCTURES

0.18

0.21

0.23

0.25

0.29

0.32

0.35

DEPRECIATION: PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

1.42

1.60

1.79

1.98

2.19

2.41

2.64

DEPRECIATION: MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS

0.02

0.02

0.03

0.03

0.03

0.04

0.04

TOTAL DEPRECIATION

1.62

1.83

2.04

2.26

2.51

2.77

3.03

TRADING PROFIT

7.71

6.68

6.92

7.27

7.57

7.46

7.81

INTANGIBLE ASSETS

3.50

3.75

4.48

4.58

5.81

6.24

6.62

INTERMEDIATE ASSETS

0.28

0.31

0.34

0.37

0.49

0.53

0.57

FIXED ASSETS: STRUCTURES

4.73

4.84

5.37

5.67

5.37

5.53

5.62

FIXED ASSETS: PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

10.74

10.50

11.28

12.08

11.82

11.96

12.09

FIXED ASSETS: MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS

0.81

0.75

0.86

0.95

0.89

0.95

1.03

FIXED ASSETS

16.28

16.10

17.52

18.70

18.09

18.44

18.74

CAPITAL EXPENDITURE ON STRUCTURES

0.26

0.29

0.29

0.31

0.37

0.41

0.42

CAPITAL EXPENDITURE ON PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

2.40

2.52

2.85

3.03

3.68

3.97

4.17

CAPITAL EXPENDITURE ON VEHICLES

0.24

0.22

0.19

0.16

0.15

0.13

0.10

CAPITAL EXPENDITURE ON DATA PROCESSING EQUIPMENT

0.19

0.21

0.25

0.28

0.35

0.39

0.44

CAPITAL EXPENDITURE ON MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS

1.67

1.98

2.21

2.34

2.95

3.16

3.43

TOTAL CAPITAL EXPENDITURE

4.76

5.23

5.80

6.11

7.49

8.05

8.56

RETIREMENTS: STRUCTURES

0.37

0.46

0.30

0.27

0.29

0.35

0.44

RETIREMENTS: PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

2.39

3.16

2.01

1.74

1.72

2.12

2.53

RETIREMENTS: MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS

0.08

0.10

0.06

0.06

0.06

0.07

0.09

TOTAL RETIREMENTS

2.84

3.72

2.37

2.07

2.07

2.53

3.05

TOTAL FIXED ASSETS

26.31

27.13

27.94

28.64

30.04

31.16

32.05

FINISHED PRODUCT STOCKS

1.22

1.12

1.07

0.93

0.87

0.79

0.74

WORK IN PROGRESS AS STOCKS

3.68

4.14

4.08

3.96

3.96

4.14

4.44

MATERIALS AS STOCKS

3.72

3.82

3.86

3.74

4.16

4.27

4.53

TOTAL STOCKS & INVENTORY

8.62

9.08

9.02

8.63

9.00

9.20

9.70

DEBTORS

26.96

26.31

26.00

26.45

25.90

25.72

24.80

MISCELLANEOUS CURRENT ASSETS

9.39

9.41

9.64

9.54

9.11

8.76

9.04

TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS

44.97

44.81

44.66

44.62

44.01

43.68

43.55

TOTAL ASSETS

71.27

71.94

72.60

73.27

74.05

74.84

75.60

CREDITORS

10.80

10.83

10.49

10.56

10.17

9.76

9.75

SHORT TERM LOANS

6.36

6.31

6.29

6.44

6.82

6.88

6.55

MISCELLANEOUS CURRENT LIABILITIES

13.50

13.14

13.11

12.50

12.07

11.95

11.97

TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES

30.66

30.28

29.89

29.51

29.05

28.60

28.27

NET ASSETS / CAPITAL EMPLOYED

40.61

41.66

42.71

43.75

45.00

46.24

47.33

SHAREHOLDERS FUNDS

28.51

28.47

28.43

28.62

28.85

28.57

28.91

LONG TERM LOANS

9.36

10.37

11.54

12.37

13.10

14.64

15.35

MISCELLANEOUS LONG TERM LIABILITIES

2.74

2.82

2.73

2.76

3.05

3.03

3.07

RAW MATERIALS COST

55.89

56.09

55.82

55.50

55.32

55.15

54.68

FINISHED MATERIALS COST

5.30

5.38

5.34

5.37

5.34

5.39

5.21

FUEL COST

0.65

0.67

0.68

0.69

0.71

0.74

0.73

ELECTRICITY COST

2.35

2.40

2.41

2.40

2.41

2.45

2.45

TOTAL INPUT SUPPLIES / MATERIALS AND ENERGY COSTS

64.19

64.55

64.25

63.97

63.78

63.72

63.06

PAYROLL COSTS

3.88

4.45

4.93

5.35

5.85

6.41

6.92

WAGES

4.93

4.64

4.24

3.80

3.31

2.80

2.47

DIRECTORS' REMUNERATIONS

2.82

2.79

2.70

2.62

2.51

2.41

2.32

EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

2.10

2.14

2.04

2.01

1.96

1.89

1.86

COMMISSIONS & INCENTIVES PAID

1.53

1.53

1.52

1.46

1.42

1.38

1.35

TOTAL REMUNERATIONS

15.27

15.55

15.43

15.24

15.05

14.89

14.92

SUB CONTRACTORS

2.52

2.43

2.28

2.17

2.00

1.87

1.72

RENTAL & LEASING: STRUCTURES

0.41

0.45

0.48

0.52

0.55

0.59

0.63

RENTAL & LEASING: PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

0.50

0.50

0.50

0.50

0.49

0.48

0.48

TOTAL RENTAL & LEASING COSTS

0.91

0.94

0.99

1.01

1.04

1.08

1.12

MAINTENANCE: STRUCTURES

0.10

0.10

0.10

0.10

0.09

0.09

0.09

MAINTENANCE: PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

0.33

0.33

0.32

0.32

0.30

0.30

0.29

TOTAL MAINTENANCE COSTS

0.43

0.43

0.42

0.41

0.40

0.39

0.38

SERVICES PURCHASED

1.09

1.10

1.09

1.08

1.04

1.04

1.03

COMMUNICATIONS COSTS

0.58

0.58

0.58

0.56

0.54

0.53

0.52

MISCELLANEOUS EXPENSES

0.32

0.70

1.07

1.41

1.84

2.28

2.88

SALES PERSONNEL VARIABLE & COMMISSION COSTS

0.94

0.91

0.88

0.85

0.88

0.82

0.85

SALES EXPENSES AND COSTS

0.57

0.60

0.60

0.59

0.57

0.58

0.54

SALES MATERIALS COSTS

0.35

0.36

0.36

0.36

0.36

0.37

0.34

TOTAL SALES COSTS

1.87

1.87

1.84

1.79

1.81

1.77

1.74

DISTRIBUTION FIXED COSTS

0.21

0.21

0.21

0.21

0.20

0.22

0.21

DISTRIBUTION VARIABLE COSTS

0.08

0.08

0.08

0.08

0.08

0.08

0.08

WAREHOUSING FIXED COSTS

0.88

0.88

0.93

0.92

0.89

0.90

0.87

WAREHOUSING VARIABLE COSTS

0.31

0.32

0.32

0.32

0.30

0.31

0.31

PHYSICAL HANDLING FIXED COSTS

0.53

0.54

0.54

0.55

0.54

0.57

0.52

PHYSICAL HANDLING VARIABLE COSTS

0.18

0.18

0.18

0.17

0.18

0.18

0.18

PHYSICAL PROCESS FIXED COSTS

0.56

0.58

0.54

0.55

0.51

0.54

0.55

PHYSICAL PROCESS VARIABLE COSTS

0.19

0.19

0.18

0.17

0.17

0.18

0.17

TOTAL DISTRIBUTION AND HANDLING COSTS

2.94

2.98

2.97

2.98

2.88

2.97

2.90

MAILING & CORRESPONDENCE COSTS

0.51

0.51

0.52

0.48

0.46

0.46

0.44

MEDIA ADVERTISING COSTS

0.25

0.25

0.25

0.25

0.23

0.23

0.22

ADVERTISING MATERIALS & PRINT COSTS

0.20

0.20

0.20

0.19

0.19

0.17

0.16

POS & DISPLAY COSTS

0.06

0.06

0.06

0.06

0.05

0.05

0.05

EXHIBITION & EVENTS COSTS

0.07

0.07

0.07

0.06

0.06

0.06

0.05

TOTAL ADVERTISING COSTS

1.10

1.08

1.09

1.04

0.99

0.98

0.93

PRODUCT RETURNS & REJECTION COSTS

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

PRODUCT INSTALLATION & RE-INSTALLATION COSTS

0.29

0.30

0.30

0.29

0.27

0.27

0.26

PRODUCT BREAKDOWN & POST INSTALLATION COSTS

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

PRODUCT SYSTEMS & CONFIGURATION COSTS

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

PRODUCT SERVICE & MAINTENANCE COSTS

0.17

0.17

0.17

0.16

0.16

0.17

0.16

CUSTOMER PROBLEM SOLVING & CUSTOMER COMPLAINT COSTS

0.31

0.29

0.28

0.27

0.27

0.27

0.25

TOTAL AFTER-SALES COSTS

0.78

0.77

0.77

0.73

0.71

0.72

0.68

TOTAL MARKETING COSTS

3.74

3.73

3.70

3.57

3.52

3.47

3.34

NEW TECHNOLOGY EXPENDITURE

0.08

0.07

0.07

0.07

0.07

0.07

0.07

NEW PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY EXPENDITURE

0.26

0.27

0.25

0.26

0.24

0.24

0.24

TOTAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENDITURE

0.33

0.34

0.33

0.33

0.32

0.31

0.31

TOTAL OPERATIONAL & PROCESS COSTS

92.29

93.32

93.08

92.73

92.43

92.54

92.19

DEBTORS WITHIN AGREED TERMS

22.02

21.62

21.62

21.92

21.86

21.87

21.29

DEBTORS OUTSIDE AGREED TERMS

4.27

4.00

3.66

3.76

3.27

3.06

2.76

UN-RECOVERABLE DEBTS

0.67

0.70

0.73

0.77

0.77

0.78

0.75

Argentina

Argentina Market : US$ Million : 2014 - 2020

Product / Market

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Book printing

334.3

336.7

345.2

349.1

354.1

355.3

356.6

Argentina Financials : 2014 - 2020

Balance Sheet - Real Terms

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

TOTAL SALES

94.40%

95.10%

97.50%

98.60%

100.00%

100.35%

100.70%

PRE-TAX PROFIT

4.09

3.27

2.28

1.46

0.42

-0.64

-1.37

NON-TRADING INCOME

1.86

1.51

1.41

1.20

0.82

0.58

0.40

OPERATING PROFIT

10.11

10.35

9.97

9.14

9.15

8.41

8.88

DEPRECIATION: STRUCTURES

0.27

0.30

0.34

0.37

0.41

0.44

0.48

DEPRECIATION: PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

2.05

2.30

2.55

2.80

3.11

3.42

3.71

DEPRECIATION: MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS

0.03

0.03

0.04

0.04

0.04

0.05

0.06

TOTAL DEPRECIATION

2.34

2.63

2.92

3.21

3.56

3.90

4.25

TRADING PROFIT

7.76

7.71

7.05

5.93

5.59

4.51

4.63

INTANGIBLE ASSETS

4.28

4.46

4.65

4.83

5.05

5.27

5.47

INTERMEDIATE ASSETS

0.35

0.37

0.39

0.40

0.42

0.44

0.46

FIXED ASSETS: STRUCTURES

6.92

6.93

6.88

6.86

6.76

6.74

6.68

FIXED ASSETS: PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

15.66

15.32

15.08

14.78

14.52

14.19

13.90

FIXED ASSETS: MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS

1.14

1.17

1.17

1.18

1.18

1.17

1.19

FIXED ASSETS

23.73

23.42

23.12

22.82

22.46

22.09

21.77

CAPITAL EXPENDITURE ON STRUCTURES

0.41

0.41

0.42

0.43

0.44

0.45

0.45

CAPITAL EXPENDITURE ON PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

3.57

3.69

3.86

4.03

4.24

4.38

4.56

CAPITAL EXPENDITURE ON VEHICLES

0.37

0.33

0.29

0.24

0.20

0.15

0.12

CAPITAL EXPENDITURE ON DATA PROCESSING EQUIPMENT

0.27

0.31

0.34

0.36

0.41

0.44

0.47

CAPITAL EXPENDITURE ON MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS

2.74

2.97

3.16

3.35

3.54

3.82

4.01

TOTAL CAPITAL EXPENDITURE

7.36

7.71

8.06

8.41

8.83

9.24

9.60

RETIREMENTS: STRUCTURES

0.23

0.26

0.24

0.31

0.38

0.45

0.48

RETIREMENTS: PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

1.46

1.63

1.44

1.83

2.15

2.54

2.74

RETIREMENTS: MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS

0.04

0.05

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.09

0.09

TOTAL RETIREMENTS

1.74

1.94

1.73

2.20

2.60

3.07

3.31

TOTAL FIXED ASSETS

35.43

35.32

34.80

34.96

35.00

35.11

34.87

FINISHED PRODUCT STOCKS

1.23

1.11

1.03

0.92

0.81

0.69

0.60

WORK IN PROGRESS AS STOCKS

3.87

3.83

3.79

3.62

3.51

3.37

3.32

MATERIALS AS STOCKS

4.06

3.92

3.87

3.76

3.66

3.52

3.42

TOTAL STOCKS & INVENTORY

9.16

8.86

8.69

8.30

7.98

7.58

7.34

DEBTORS

29.89

28.31

27.20

25.70

23.89

22.07

20.70

MISCELLANEOUS CURRENT ASSETS

7.48

7.32

6.99

6.59

6.15

5.71

5.37

TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS

46.52

44.49

42.88

40.58

38.01

35.36

33.40

TOTAL ASSETS

81.95

79.82

77.68

75.55

73.01

70.47

68.28

CREDITORS

12.60

12.68

12.67

12.62

12.58

12.61

12.49

SHORT TERM LOANS

6.60

6.83

7.05

7.35

7.65

7.92

8.17

MISCELLANEOUS CURRENT LIABILITIES

14.83

14.58

14.46

14.28

14.10

13.90

13.84

TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES

34.03

34.10

34.18

34.25

34.34

34.42

34.50

NET ASSETS / CAPITAL EMPLOYED

47.92

45.71

43.51

41.30

38.67

36.05

33.77

SHAREHOLDERS FUNDS

33.54

31.56

29.72

27.70

25.51

23.06

21.17

LONG TERM LOANS

11.09

11.05

10.87

10.88

10.62

10.64

10.48

MISCELLANEOUS LONG TERM LIABILITIES

3.29

3.10

2.92

2.72

2.54

2.34

2.12

RAW MATERIALS COST

10.63

10.59

10.58

10.66

10.81

10.80

10.88

FINISHED MATERIALS COST

0.94

0.96

0.96

0.96

0.98

1.00

1.01

FUEL COST

0.12

0.12

0.13

0.13

0.14

0.14

0.15

ELECTRICITY COST

0.42

0.43

0.44

0.44

0.45

0.46

0.47

TOTAL INPUT SUPPLIES / MATERIALS AND ENERGY COSTS

12.11

12.10

12.11

12.20

12.39

12.41

12.51

PAYROLL COSTS

11.38

12.64

13.86

15.51

16.58

18.35

19.44

WAGES

14.37

13.14

12.03

10.90

9.68

8.35

7.06

DIRECTORS' REMUNERATIONS

7.54

7.30

7.09

6.99

6.62

6.49

6.16

EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

6.06

5.91

5.86

5.79

5.66

5.53

5.30

COMMISSIONS & INCENTIVES PAID

4.79

4.63

4.50

4.45

4.28

4.07

3.92

TOTAL REMUNERATIONS

44.14

43.61

43.35

43.64

42.82

42.79

41.88

SUB CONTRACTORS

7.49

7.05

6.69

6.37

5.98

5.51

5.04

RENTAL & LEASING: STRUCTURES

0.99

1.11

1.23

1.33

1.49

1.64

1.71

RENTAL & LEASING: PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

1.21

1.21

1.23

1.24

1.26

1.29

1.26

TOTAL RENTAL & LEASING COSTS

2.20

2.33

2.46

2.57

2.75

2.93

2.96

MAINTENANCE: STRUCTURES

0.23

0.24

0.23

0.24

0.24

0.24

0.24

MAINTENANCE: PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

0.81

0.80

0.79

0.79

0.78

0.79

0.77

TOTAL MAINTENANCE COSTS

1.04

1.03

1.02

1.03

1.01

1.03

1.01

SERVICES PURCHASED

3.03

3.00

3.05

3.05

3.08

3.06

3.05

COMMUNICATIONS COSTS

1.62

1.59

1.58

1.54

1.55

1.53

1.49

MISCELLANEOUS EXPENSES

0.89

1.98

3.10

4.27

5.60

6.99

8.72

SALES PERSONNEL VARIABLE & COMMISSION COSTS

2.58

2.54

2.52

2.46

2.39

2.37

2.29

SALES EXPENSES AND COSTS

1.60

1.56

1.55

1.55

1.53

1.54

1.49

SALES MATERIALS COSTS

1.07

1.06

1.04

1.02

1.00

0.98

0.95

TOTAL SALES COSTS

5.25

5.16

5.11

5.03

4.92

4.89

4.73

DISTRIBUTION FIXED COSTS

0.66

0.66

0.67

0.66

0.67

0.68

0.65

DISTRIBUTION VARIABLE COSTS

0.23

0.23

0.23

0.23

0.23

0.23

0.22

WAREHOUSING FIXED COSTS

2.61

2.58

2.65

2.62

2.62

2.69

2.62

WAREHOUSING VARIABLE COSTS

0.96

0.96

0.98

0.95

0.97

0.99

0.94

PHYSICAL HANDLING FIXED COSTS

1.60

1.60

1.65

1.62

1.66

1.68

1.62

PHYSICAL HANDLING VARIABLE COSTS

0.50

0.50

0.51

0.51

0.51

0.53

0.52

PHYSICAL PROCESS FIXED COSTS

1.57

1.56

1.59

1.58

1.60

1.63

1.57

PHYSICAL PROCESS VARIABLE COSTS

0.53

0.53

0.54

0.53

0.53

0.55

0.53

TOTAL DISTRIBUTION AND HANDLING COSTS

8.66

8.62

8.82

8.69

8.78

8.99

8.68

MAILING & CORRESPONDENCE COSTS

1.43

1.42

1.43

1.40

1.37

1.38

1.35

MEDIA ADVERTISING COSTS

0.70

0.70

0.70

0.70

0.69

0.69

0.69

ADVERTISING MATERIALS & PRINT COSTS

0.53

0.53

0.54

0.54

0.54

0.54

0.53

POS & DISPLAY COSTS

0.16

0.16

0.17

0.16

0.16

0.16

0.16

EXHIBITION & EVENTS COSTS

0.18

0.18

0.18

0.18

0.18

0.18

0.17

TOTAL ADVERTISING COSTS

3.00

3.00

3.01

2.97

2.94

2.96

2.91

PRODUCT RETURNS & REJECTION COSTS

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01