English and German Tense-Aspect Systems: A Comparison - Melanie Bobik - E-Book

English and German Tense-Aspect Systems: A Comparison E-Book

Melanie Bobik

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Beschreibung

Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2003 im Fachbereich Anglistik - Komparatistik, Note: 1,00, Freie Universität Berlin (Institut für Englische Philologie), Veranstaltung: Understanding English-German Contrasts, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Within the last two decades many attempts have been made to define a generally accepted concept of universal temporal and aspectual systems. There are comprehensive studies about the grammatical functions of tense and aspect, their categories and their meaning. In regard to their tense systems, English and German show amazing parallels in the inventory of forms but there are major differences in their use and function. The following paper gives an overview of English and German tense and aspect systems and presents traditional and current theories and controversies on them. Moreover, an attempt will be made to discuss in detail function and use of the perfect, future and progressive construction in these two languages.

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Inhaltsverzeichnis
1. Introduction
2. Time in Order
3. Defining Tense
3.1. Concepts of Temporal Relations
3.2. Tense in English
3.3. Tense in German
4. Defining Aspect
4.1. Grammatical Aspect - Perfective vs. Imperfective
4.2. Aktionsart
5. A Comparison of English and German Tense-Aspect-Systems
5.1. Characterising The Perfect
5.2. Future Time Reference in English
5.3. Future Time Reference in German
5.4. The Progressive
6. Conclusion
7. Bibliography

Page 1

Page 2

1. Introduction

Ordnungsbeziehungen anzuschauen ist doch das beste.

Die Ordnung ist alles... Alles ist Beziehung. (Thomas Mann - Doktor Faustus, Kap. VII)

Within the last two decades many attempts have been made to define a generally accepted concept of universal temporal and aspectual systems. There are comprehensive studies about the grammatical functions of tense and aspect, their categories and their meaning. In regard to their tense systems English and German show amazing parallels in the inventory of forms but there are major differences in their use and function. The following paper gives a survey of English and German tense and aspect systems and presents traditional and current theories and controversies on them. Moreover, an attempt will be made to debate in detail function and use of the perfect, future and progressive construction in these two languages.

2. Time in Order

The concept of time can be demonstrated by a simple diagram (Fig.1) locating every event before the present moment 0 to the left of 0 and locating every event after the present moment to the right of 0. Situations are not always punctual and separate but may occupy a time span or happen simultaneously, e.g. situation B precedes C, situation D and E overlap etc.