English Vocabulary Made Easy - Prof. Shrikant Prasoon - E-Book

English Vocabulary Made Easy E-Book

Prof. Shrikant Prasoon

0,0
11,63 €

-100%
Sammeln Sie Punkte in unserem Gutscheinprogramm und kaufen Sie E-Books und Hörbücher mit bis zu 100% Rabatt.
Mehr erfahren.
Beschreibung

The complete vocabulary build up for improving english

Sie lesen das E-Book in den Legimi-Apps auf:

Android
iOS
von Legimi
zertifizierten E-Readern

Seitenzahl: 178

Bewertungen
0,0
0
0
0
0
0
Mehr Informationen
Mehr Informationen
Legimi prüft nicht, ob Rezensionen von Nutzern stammen, die den betreffenden Titel tatsächlich gekauft oder gelesen/gehört haben. Wir entfernen aber gefälschte Rezensionen.



Published by:

F-2/16, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi-110002 011-23240026, 011-23240027 • Fax: 011-23240028 Email: [email protected] • Website: www.vspublishers.com

Regional Office : Hydrabad5-1-707/1, Brij Bhawan(Beside Central Bank of India Lane) Bank StreetKoti, Hyderabad - 500 095011-23240026, 011-23240027 • Fax: 011-23240028 Email: [email protected]

Branch Office : MumbaiJaywant Industrial Estate, 1st Floor - 108,Tardeo Road Opposite Sobo Central Mall,Mumbai - 400 034011-23240026, 011-23240027 • Fax: 011-23240028Email: [email protected]

Follow us on :       

© Copyright: ISBN 978-93-505742-7-0

DISCLAIMER

While every attempt has been made to provide accurate and timely information in this book, neither the author nor the publisher assumes any responsibility for errors, unintended omissions or commissions detected therein. The author and publisher make no representation or warranty with respect to the comprehensiveness or completeness of the contents provided.

All matters included have been simplified under professional guidance for general information only without any warranty for applicability on an individual. Any mention of an organization or a website in the book by way of citation or as a source of additional information doesn't imply the endorsement of the content either by the author or the publisher. It is possible that websites cited may have changed or removed between the time of editing and publishing the book.

Results from using the expert opinion in this book will be totally dependent on individual circumstances and factors beyond the control of the author and the publisher.

It makes sense to elicit advice from well informed sources before implementing the ideas given in the book. The reader assumes full responsibility for the consequences arising out from reading this book. For proper guidance, it is advisable to read the book under the watchful eyes of parents/guardian. The purchaser of this book assumes all responsibility for the use of given materials and information. The copyright of the entire content of this book rests with the author/publisher. Any infringement / transmission of the cover design, text or illustrations, in any form, by any means, by any entity will invite legal action and be responsible for consequences thereon.

Publisher’s Note

It has been our prime motto and a constant endeavour at the V&S Publishers to publish books of Value and Substance from the time of its inception. With a backlist of about 350 titles to our credit, it’s a great pleasure to inform all our esteemed readers that we have come up with this altogether exclusive series of books on English language and its various usage called the EXC-EL Series or the Excellent English Learning Series.

The series contains a set of four books on various usage of Words and Phrases in English, the significance of Grammar, correct Pronunciation, etc., called English Grammar And Usage, English Vocabulary made Easy, Improve Your Vocabulary and Spoken English to enhance and enrich your vocabulary, increase your command over the language and make you more con? dent and ?uent in your day to day conversations, written and verbal interactions, etc.

As we are all aware of the fact that English as a language has a rich heritage and a long history. It is believed to have originated from the Anglo-Frisian dialects brought to Britain by the Germanic invaders or settlers from various parts of north-west Germany and the Netherlands. The Modern English language that we speak, read or write today has undergone extensive changes in the Middle Ages and has been completely transformed with a vast and rich vocabulary which is completely different from its origin in the yesteryears. It has become diverse with words and phrases of other languages, like American, French, Spanish, etc., incorporating into this language making it all the more vast and complicated.

The Modern English of today has innumerable idioms, phrases, proverbs, one-word substitutes, antonyms, synonyms, homophones, homonyms, prefixes, sufixes and acronyms (abbreviations), all of which have been elaborately discussed in this book. Hence, it is a must read for students of all ages, particularly the school going ones.

Contents

Publisher’s Note

Preface

Know the Words

Ways of Learning Words

Begin with A Test

SECTION-1 : Functional Vocabulary

Chapter 1.  Words & Words

Countable & Uncountable Noun

Commonly used Countable & Uncountable Nouns

Other Interesting words

Words Commonly Mispronounced

Words Commonly Misspelt

Words Often Misspelt

Words in Plural

Foreign Words

Chapter 2.  Words and Formation of Words

Words

Words & Words in English

Formation of Words

Compound Formation

Derivation

Back Formation

Duplication

Conversion

Clipping

Acronyms

Similes & Metaphors

Blending

Word Manufacture

Multiple Formation

Changes in Formation

Chapter 3.  Formation of Nouns, Adjectives, Adverbs & Verbs

Formation of Nouns from Verbs

Formation of Abstract Nouns from Concrete Nouns

Formation of Adjectives from Nouns

Formation of Adjectives from Verbs

Formation of Adverbs from Adjectives

Formation of Verbs from Nouns

Formation of Verbs from Adjectives

Chapter 4.Comparison

Chapter 5.Collective Nouns

Collective Nouns & their Usage

Chapter 6.Singular and Plurals Nouns

List of Singular & Plural Nouns

Chapter 7.Adjectives

List of Adjectives

Chapter 8.Verbs

List of Verbs

Chapter 9.Miscellaneous

Adverbs & Conjunctions

Cries of Birds

Sounds of Objects

Terms from the Business World

Words Related to Battle

Common Words from Sanskrit

Compound Words

Words used in Pairs

Chapter 10. Double Letters

Chapter 11. Silent Letters

SECTION-2 : Building Vocabulary

Chapter 12. Prefixes

Chapter 13. Sufixes

Chapter 14. Antonyms: Opposites

Opposite Words

Multiple Opposites

Chapter 15. Synonyms: Similar in Meaning

Multiple Synonyms

Chapter 16. Homonyms: Homophones

Words that We Generally Confuse

Chapter 17. Acronyms

Chapter 18. Abbreviations

Chapter 19. One-word Substitutes

One Word for Many Words

Trades and Professions

Types of People

Government Words

Chapter 20. Words of Daily Use

(a) What to Talk about Television?

(b) What to Talk about Hair?

(c) What to Talk about Food?

(d) What to Talk about Good Things or Persons?

(e) What to Talk about Persons, Personality and Character?

( f ) How to Describe the features of a Man?

(g) What to Talk about Weather?

(h) What to Talk about Beautiful People and Things?

(i) What to Talk about Dances and Dancers?

(j) What to Talk about Travels?

(k) What to Talk about Air Travel?

SECTION 3 : Formal & Informal Words

Chapter 21. American English

Origin of words

Chapter 22. Headline English (Newspaper English)

Noun Phrase

Noun Strings

Various Verb Changes

Different Types of Newspaper Headlines

Chapter 23. Language of Signboard, Notice Board, Ad, etc.

Analysis

Conclusion

Notice Board Writing

Characteristics of Notice Board Writing

Writing Good Advertisements

What's the Significance of a Good Ad?

Chapter 24. Proverbs, Idioms & Idiomatic Expressions

What is a Proverb?

Preface

English Vocabulary made Easy' is a book designed for those who want to enrich their vocabulary; increase their self-awareness in speaking and writing the English language. Correct spelling is fast eroding because of the SMS and Internet language; and to learn the meaning in contextual fashion in a different and effective way without actually reading the meaning or consulting a dictionary.

In 'English Vocabulary made Easy', the words have been presented in various contexts and in many ways. A number of aspects of learning words have been discussed in detail to help the readers accumulate words, build a strong vocabulary and learn the exact and appropriate use of words for an apt and fluent expression of the language.

How words are formed and how do the words grow? All have been shown by examples. Special attention has been paid for developing the inner sense of words and control over spellings.

After going through the English Vocabulary made Easy, readers will feel elated at their progress, and have a clear understanding about the usage of words which will enhance their vision and confidence. The readers will become actively receptive to new words. It is the confidence that counts and the concentration that pays high dividends. English Vocabulary made Easy will give both the confidence and concentration.

The book has been aimed to serve both who feel at home in English and those who are alien to the language. It will easily remove some of the inherent psychological difficulties. Those who are afraid of writing, because of lack of exact words and expressions, will feel an inner urge to write as they learn the exact words for describing different things rather than whatever they wish to describe.

For the sake of saving time, there are people who have invented a special language for SMS, Internet, etc, although they know it well that ‘Time saved is time spent.’ Its popularity has ruined their knowledge of ‘spelling'. When they are employed and are forced to prepare projects by sending reports to their Bosses, they feel shy. This book will shake off that fear and shyness forever.

English Vocabulary made Easy has all the features valuable for the present-day readers who have to communicate something related to the highly untraditional and unfamiliar equipments and the ideas. This will definitely enrich their vocabulary. It will widen their views and attitude; broaden their ideas and their usage of English language making it more appropriate and expressive. Now, it is in your hands to enjoy, utilise and grow enhancing your knowledge with the proper usage of the book. The more you read, the more you can learn to add the different types of words and their usage in your own vocabulary, and this will open new horizons in the form of new and innovative ideas and set a goal for you to find several new words everyday.

Know the Words

1.

Words are wealth to be accumulated and spent; They can’t come from dictionaries or be taken on rent; Words must be learnt and used to have a mastery over

them: If idle or unused, the mind marks them absent.

2.

As sound and word is life and represents the Creator; Words gain sacred entity of the orator, writer and the promoter; Words must be sweet, convincing, right and righteous: The rough language makes one a devil, killer, a traitor.

3.

Words express emotions thickening or thinning; Ideas and impressions pure, healthy or sickening; Words are rich laden with ?avour and fragrance: Truthfully, the words carry and express different and deep meanings.

4.

All such words are useless which are not known; They are non-existent entity if not seen or shown; They are incomplete for they need voice or hand For correct sound or writing: growing or grown.

5.

Words are steps towards re?nement and richness; They bear and feel the burden of a sincere witness; Different meanings stand at different layers graded: Unmitigated stored in their alert, living, inner recess.

Ways of Learning Words

Learning words is fun, a game, a play. Those who enjoy it learn words more easily. One draws pure pleasure from it. One lives, thinks, talks and writes confidently. Life, tests, exams and problems are not difficult or burden for them. Knowing more words, means possessing more ideas, growing intellectually, with greater accuracy; easy analysis and correct solutions. They enjoy command over words which are readily and timely available to them. Hence, they have ready solutions. In this age of projects and reports, command over written language is a boon. For such men, life is always triumphant and challenging.

There are various ways of learning words:

Many students still prefer the alphabetical way of learning words with the help of a dictionary. But it takes a lot of time and labour.

Nowadays, the phonic way of learning words has become very popular. It is P nini’s way. The words are learnt through their basic sounds and roots. Though, English is quite an unscientific language, yet through phonetics, the learned men have tried to give a scientific and logical form and shape to its rich vocabulary, and to search out patterns. The meaning too is to be learnt through sounds and through prefixes and suffixes.

The formation of words gets importance in learning them. It is treated as a better and more lucid way to learn words than the alphabetical method.

One can learn words through ‘roots’ which is the Sanskrit way of learning words. It’s more scientific and cultured. Even the meanings are derived through roots and derivatives. ? Norman Lewis’ book, "Word Power Made Easy" made this way of learning quite popular

Norman Lewis’ book, "Word Power Made Easy" made this way of learning quite popular among the academicians and students. The author takes the root and makes the word grow. He shows the process and establishes the possibilities of meanings: both smoothly and painstakingly.

There is yet another way, known as the Appendix’s way or the subject’s way. In it, a subject is taken and the words related to that subject are given or collected and learnt. In books, it is given at the end as Appendices.

Another interesting way to learn words is through Prefi xes and Suffi xes. They give an idea of spellings without learning them by their roots and also give an insight into the meaning of the words. They elucidate and even explain without using many unnecessary words and sentences.

Memorising words, spellings, meanings, forms, and learning their usage are the primary aspects of English language. This is the reason that it takes many precious years of the learners and yet the mastery remains a mirage.

By following the methods mentioned above, one can acquire better understanding, and enjoy quicker and greater command over the usage of the language.

Of course, there are many ways but ‘no way out'. All the ways end at a blind lane. When the words are under control, the usage spell the fall. Just by following one particular way, one can’t be a master or an expert. If the usage is not underone’s control, then apt and appropriate words confuse. That is why most of the writers and orators have their personal vocabulary and work within those limitations. What the users have to do is to win the race under their own limitations and follow mixed ways or all the ways of learning available.

Because the words in English have been borrowed from various languages; from almost all the major languages of the world, it has very few original words. Some claim it to be only 270 and others raise this number to 700. Other words in English are borrowed. It generally flourishes on borrowed wealth.

For shaking off the monotony created by a one-way traffic of learning, adopt and follow each of the ways of learning words to roar past others on the highway of success riding the powerful vehicle of vocabulary; to move freely in the enchanting lanes of words while stepping on and off the uneven footpaths of usage, and in order to cross over the crowded streets of competitions to walk on the rough roads of jobs.

A very intimate relationship with words and a familiarity with their contours, nature and character will grow and keep one in constant contact and touch with numerous of them; the detailed maps and complete sketches that will be in possession of the learners which will give them access to different regions and sub-regions of life. One will be able to know and absorb their essence and enjoy the power.

Use the given words in the book deliberately and constantly in sentences of your own to make them serve your purpose. The words will come to you at your beck and call, the most appropriate ones at the most opportune moments.

One can’t achieve perfection, but one can come very close to perfection and get the pleasure out of knowledge, friendship and intimacy with words as reputed poets, writers and orators do.

Mind is a natural computer with the configuration of the highest order. It takes things on its own, stores, retains, classifies and supplies them at the most opportune moments. Let your mind grow freely with utmost pleasure and freedom, while playing with words, their structures, meanings and usage.

This will enable you to take a leisure and confident walk on the uneven; turning; familiar footpaths of a long life.

The book, Words and Words contains all the ways and provides ample examples to clear the path for the learners so that they can smoothly pass on.

Words are the symbols of knowledge to accurate thinking. Most of the successful and intelligent people have the biggest vocabulary.

Successful people have greater vocabularies. People who are intellectually alive and successful in the professional world are accustomed to dealing with ideas which come from learning new words.

Begin with A Test

Here are 100 questions. Answer them first. Write your answer on a separate page. Then, check the answers with the answers given at the end of the questions. Don’t read the answers before answering the questions. You won’t be able to evaluate yourself. Tally your score with the grades given after the answers. You will know where you stand? Now, take a copy and a pen; and get started.

Choose the correct spellings and tick (ü) them in the table below.

S.N. a

b

c

1. Gunia

Guinea

Gunea

2. Meditarrean

Mediterranian

Medeterranean

3. Swizerland

Switzerland

Switzarland

4. Whereever

Whereevar

Wherever

5. Mercury

Mercary

Marcury

6. Circumference

Circumferance

Circomference

7. Adjecent

Adjacent

Aidjacent

8. Parler

Parlaur

Parlour

9. Vantilator

Ventilator

Ventilater

10. Safficient

Sufficient

Sufficiant

11. Miscellenous

Miscellaneous

Misllaneous

12. Mantenance

Maintainance

Maintenance

13. Modelled

Modled

Moddled

14. Necessity

Necacity

Necesity

15. Coincide

Coancide

Concide

16. Bouyant

Buoyent

Boyant

17. Asserten

Ascertain

Assertain

18. Autamn

Autumn

Autum

19. Banquette

Banquett

Bankwet

20. Benefiscent

Beneficent

Benificial

Choose the correct word in each of the following sentences.

1. She murmured/whispered in her dream.

2. It was a deadly bait/wait.

3. She heard the announcement/warning and was ready to board the plane.

4. I wondered/wandered lonely as a cloud.

5. I visited a wholly/holy place.

6. They are conscious of people’s warfare/welfare.

7. They wound/wounded the watch on the tower.

8. A balanced waist/waste gives a good shape.

9. He is earning/yearning for a decent job.

10. The duplicate/triplicate was just like him.

11. He was looking for a vacation/vacancy in the paper.

12. It was valuation/value added tax.

13. That shining vehicle is not important/imported.

14. She engaged a tuition/tutor.

15. He was taken/back to hospital after the accident.

16. He can’t show his vacant/empty stomach.

17. The ultimate/urgency was the decisive factor.

18. There was no substitute/substance in him.

19. Technology/mechanics is paying high dividends.

20. Her tamper/temper is a cause of concern for all.

21. The old rule is still in affect/effect.

22. They remained united in averse/adverse conditions.

23. He has no excess/access to the authorities.

24. The book of stories was amended/emended.

25. This book is the best compliment/complement to that one.

26. She has got a pure conscience/consciousness.

27. They all enjoyed the desert/dessert.

28. He faired/fared well in the exam.

29. The dirty water was not potable/portable.

30. The reign/rein was not liked by the people.

31. The decoration was tasty/tasteful.

32. I remembered/recollected her every day.

33. A large number/amount of rice was bought.

34. She was anxious/eager to see him healthy again.

35. Our masons are good artisans/artists.

36. In a month or two, she will be better/well.

37. He is in search of some recruitment/employment.

38. The weather/climate was stormy.

39. Some alterations and editions/additions have been made in this book.

40. He produced written testimony/evidence before the learned judge.

Give a Synonym for each of the following:

  1. Proud

  2. Peaceful

  3. Prohibit

  4. Permit

  5. Pious

  6. Paralyse

  7. Pity

  8. Plentitude

  9. Predecessor

10. Profane

11. Promote

12. Patience

13. Prodigal

14. Preach

15. Precision

16. Premier

17. Prey

18. Primary

19. Prison

20. Private

Give an Antonym for each of the following:

  1. Pride

  2. Printing

  3. Production

  4. Progress

  5. Prosperity

  6. Protection

  7. Pleasure

  8. Part

  9. Pause

10.Pause

11.Permission

12.Pirated

13.Place

14.Plane

15.Playful

16.Pleasant

17.Pollute

18.Prepaid

19.Paltry

20.Pick

Check Your Answers

Give one mark to each of the correct answer.

 1.1

1. Guinea

2. Mediterranean

3. Switzerland

4. Wherever

5. Mercury

6. Mediterranean

7. Adjacent

8. Parlour

9. Ventilator

10. Sufficient

11. Miscellaneous

12. Maintenance

13. Modelled

14. Necessity

15. Coincide

16. Buoyant

17. Ascertain

18. Autumn

19. Banquet

20. Beneficial

 1.2

1. Murmurred

2. Bait

3. Announcement

4. Wandered

5. Holy

6. Welfare

7. Wound

8. Waist

9. Yearning

10. Duplicate

11. Vacancy

12 Value

13. Imported

14. Tutor

15. Taken

16. Empty

17. Urgency

18. Substance

19. Technology

20. Temper

21. Effect

22. Adverse

23. Access

24. Emended

25. Complement

26. Conscience

27. Dessert

28. Fared

29. Potable

30. Rein

31. Tasteful

32. Remembered

33. Amount

34. Eager

35. Artisan

36. Well

37. Employment

38. Weather

39. Additions

40. Evidence

 1.3

1. Vain

2. Quiet

3. Forbid

4. Allow

5. Holy

6. Cripple

7. Brief

8. Maximum

9. Precursor

10. Unholy

11. Elevate

12. Forbearance

13. Spendthrift

14. Teach

15. Accuracy

16. Famous

17. Hunt

18. Main

19. Jail

20. Secret

 1.4

1. Humility

2. Writing

3. Destruction

4. Retrograde

5. Adversity

6. Desertion

7. Pain

8. Whole

9. Move

10. Animal

11. Denial

12. Original

13. Remove

14. Uneven

15. Sober

16. Disgusting

17. Clean

18. Postpaid

19. Much

20. Throw

Your score

30 %    Very poor ; ;  40 % ; Poor

50 %    Average ; ;    60 % ; Good

70 %    Grand ; ; ;  80 % ;  Superb

SECTION-1

Functional Vocabulary

Chapter 1

Words & Words

Countable & Uncountable Nouns

(A) Nouns can be either be countable or uncountable. Countable nouns are those which can have the word a/an or be used in the plural form. Uncountable nouns are not used with a or an or in plural form. Anexample of a countable noun is:-

We got two children, three cats and a dog.

Example of an uncountable noun:-