Integrative Computational Materials Engineering E-Book
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- Herausgeber: Wiley-VCH
- Kategorie: Fachliteratur
- Sprache: Englisch
Presenting the results of an ambitious project, this book summarizes the efforts towards an open, web-based modular and extendable simulation platform for materials engineering that allows simulations bridging several length scales. In so doing, it covers processes along the entire value chain and even describes such different classes of materials as metallic alloys and polymers. It comprehensively describes all structural ideas, the underlying concepts, standard specifications, the verification results obtained for different test cases and additionally how to utilize the platform as a user and how to join it as a provider. A resource for researchers, users and simulation software providers alike, the monograph provides an overview of the current status, serves as a generic manual for prospective users, and offers insights into the inner modular structure of the simulation platform.
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Seitenzahl: 492
Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2012
Ähnliche
Table of Contents
Related Titles
Title Page
Copyright
Preface
List of Contributors
Part I: Concepts
Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 Motivation
1.2 What Is ICME?
1.3 Historical Development of ICME
1.4 Current Activities Toward ICME
1.5 Toward a Modular Standardized Platform for ICME
1.6 Scope of This Book
References
Chapter 2: Basic Concept of the Platform
2.1 Overview
2.2 Open Architecture
2.3 Modularity
2.4 Standardization
2.5 Web-Based Platform Operation
2.6 Benefits of the Platform Concept
2.7 Verification Using Test Cases
Chapter 3: State-of-the-Art Models, Software, and Future Improvements
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Overview of Existing Models and Software
3.3 Requirements for Models and Software in an ICME Framework
3.4 Benefits of Platform Operations for Individual Models
3.5 Strong and Weak Coupling of Platform Models
3.6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 4: Standardization
4.1 Overview
4.2 Standardization of Geometry and Result Data
4.3 Material Data
4.4 Application Programming Interface
4.5 Future Directions of Standardization
References
Chapter 5: Prediction of Effective Properties
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Homogenization of Materials with Periodic Microstructure
5.3 Homogenization of Materials with Random Microstructure
5.4 Postprocessing of Macroscale Results: the Localization Step
5.5 Dedicated Homogenization Model: Two-Level Radial Homogenization of Semicrystalline Thermoplastics
5.6 Virtual Material Testing
5.7 Tools for the Determination of Effective Properties
5.8 Examples
5.9 Conclusions
References
Chapter 6: Distributed Simulations
6.1 Motivation
6.2 The AixViPMaP® Simulation Platform Architecture
6.3 Data Integration
6.4 Web-Based User Interface for the Simulation Platform
References
Chapter 7: Visualization
7.1 Motivation
7.2 Standardized Postprocessing
7.3 Integrated Visualization
7.4 Data History Tracking
References
Part II: Applications
Chapter 8: Test Case Line Pipe
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Materials
8.3 Process
8.4 Experiments
8.5 Experimental Process Chain
8.6 Simulation Models and Results
8.7 Conclusion and Benefits
References
Chapter 9: Test Case Gearing Component
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Materials
9.3 The Process Chain
9.4 Experimental Procedures and Results
9.5 Simulation Chain and Results
9.6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 10: Test Case: Technical Plastic Parts
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Material
10.3 Process Chain
10.4 Modeling of the Phenomena along the Process Chain
10.5 Implementation of the Virtual Process Chain
10.6 Experimental Methods
10.7 Results
10.8 Summary and Conclusion
References
Chapter 11: Textile-Reinforced Piston Rod
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Experimental Process Chain
11.3 Simulation Chain
11.4 Conclusion/Benefits
References
Chapter 12: Test Case Stainless Steel Bearing Housing
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Materials
12.3 Processes
12.4 Phenomena
12.5 Simulation Chain
12.6 Results
12.7 Conclusions/Benefits
References
Chapter 13: Future ICME
13.1 Imperative Steps
13.2 Lessons Learned
13.3 Future Directions
13.4 Closing Remark
References
Index
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The Editor
Dr.rer.nat. Georg J. Schmitz
RWTH Aachen University
Access e.V.
Intzestr. 5
52072 Aachen
Germany
Dr. Ulrich Prahl
RWTH Aachen University
Department of Ferrous
Metallurgy
Intzestr. 1
52072 Aachen
Germany
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© 2012 Wiley-VCH Verlag & Co. KGaA, Boschstr. 12, 69469 Weinheim, Germany
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Print ISBN: 978-3-527-33081-2
ePDF ISBN: 978-3-527-64612-8
oBook ISBN: 978-3-527-64611-1
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Mobi ISBN: 978-3-527-64609-8
Cover Design Adam-Design, Weinheim, Germany
Typesetting Laserwords Private Limited, Chennai, India
Preface
The idea of writing the present book about a platform for “integrative computational materials engineering” (ICME) evolved in the frame of a project inside the Cluster of Excellence “Integrative Production Technologies for High Wage Countries” being funded within the excellent initiative of the German federal government.
The initial title of the project was “Virtual Process Chains for Processing of Materials” and it aimed at establishing several descriptive simulation chains for different process scenarios and different materials. Almost immediately after starting the project in 2006, it turned out that a standardized, modular, open, and extendable simulation platform was mandatory for an efficient information exchange along the process chains as well as across the different length scales relevant in materials engineering.
The expertise and simulation tools of a number of institutes at the RWTH Aachen University being involved in the project provided the nucleus for setting up such a platform. This expertise covers the entire production chain from casting via hot and cold forming, heat treatments, joining, and coating to machining and comprises different materials such as metallic alloys (especially steels), composites, and polymers. It is complemented by the RWTH infrastructure and expertise in scientific computing and information management.
In detail, the following RWTH institutes have been involved: Foundry Institute (GI), Institute for Ferrous Metallurgy (IEHK), Welding and Joining Institute (ISF), Surface Engineering Institute (IOT), Institute for Metal Forming (IBF), Institute for Plastics Processing (IKV), Institute for Scientific Computing (SC), Department of Information Management in Mechanical Engineering (ZLW/IMA), Institute for Textile Technology (ITA), Fraunhofer Institute for Lasertechnology (ILT/NLD), and ACCESS.
During the course of the project, ICME has emerged as a new discipline integrating the “computational materials” research – dealing with length scales from atomistic up to the mesoscopic continuum scale of a microstructure – into engineering applications at the component or process scale. As the platform concept being developed in our view will be highly valuable for the emerging discipline of ICME and because it is hard to publish the details of a standardization scheme along with examples of its applications in individual journal articles, we decided to summarize the concept for a “Platform for Integrative Computational Materials Engineering” within the present book. May it be useful and inspiring when reading it the first time and helpful when looking up details of the platform standard later.
Aachen, Germany
Georg J. Schmitz
July 2011
Ulrich Prahl
List of Contributors
Part I
CONCEPTS
Chapter 1
Introduction
Georg J. Schmitz and Ulrich Prahl
1.1 Motivation
The production of increasingly complex and valuable goods requires highly advanced, knowledge-based, tailored materials and components. In general, production goes along with planning and design activities to elaborate suitable process chains, leading to the desired functionality of the component while simultaneously meeting reasonable cost targets. This leads to a dilemma where efforts spent in planning and design have to be related to the final value of the product and, accordingly, the price a customer is willing to pay for it. The quantity any producer is interested in is the profit to be made. In a very simple view, this profit may be defined as
Value here may be interpreted as the price a third party is willing to pay for the product, while costs comprise the costs of anything needed to produce the particular product. Especially, activities for designing and planning the product and its production process on the basis of experiments and simulations have to be considered here as well. Thus, any optimization of the planning process (Figure 1.1) will lead to either a reduced effort in terms of time and costs to be spent in planning or to more reliable predictions, reducing the necessity of experimental tests for verification or even enabling a production at “first time right.” In particular cases, even the value of the product may be increased, for example by including a virtual documentation of its production process and its properties, which may be used by the customer to elaborate better predictions for the maintenance and life cycle when using the product. A reduction in maintenance intervals or an extended service time represents an added value for this customer. Another benefit might be drawn from extending the service life of a product by entering it into service with properties being sufficient – but not yet optimal – while expecting their further optimization under operational conditions.
Figure 1.1 Efforts for planning production processes by simulations can be reduced by (i) optimization of individual modules and especially by (ii) improved communication between different modules. The real production process can be optimized, for example, by coupling the virtual world with on-line process control.
A fundamental requirement to meet the ambitious objective of life-cycle modeling of products is an integrative description of the history of the component, starting from the sound initial condition of a homogeneous, isotropic, and stress-free melt; continuing via subsequent processing steps; and eventually ending in the description of failure onset under operational load. The realization of such a modeling scenario is one of the key objectives of Integrated Computational Materials Engineering (ICME).
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