Nanomaterials: Evolution and Advancement towards Therapeutic Drug Delivery (Part II) E-Book
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- Herausgeber: Bentham Science Publishers
- Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
- Sprache: Englisch
The development of a vector for the delivery of therapeutic drugs in a controlled and targeted fashion is still a major challenge in the treatment of many diseases. The conventional application of drugs may lead to many limitations including poor distribution, limited effectiveness, lack of selectivity and dose dependent toxicity. An efficient drug delivery system can address these problems. Recent nanotechnology advancements in the biomedical field have the potential to meet these challenges in developing drug delivery systems. Nanomaterials are changing the biomedical platform in terms of disease diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Nanomaterials aided drug delivery provides an advantage by enhancing aqueous solubility that leads to improved bioavailability, increased resistance time in the body, decreased side effects by targeting drugs to the specific location, reduced dose dependent toxicity and protection of drugs from early release.
In this two-part book, the contributors have compiled reports of recent studies illustrating the promising nanomaterials that can work as drug carriers which can navigate conventional physiological barriers. A detailed account of several types of nanomaterials including polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, dendrimers, micelles, carbon nanomaterials, magnetic nanoparticles, solid lipid-based nanoparticles, silica nanomaterials and hydrogels for drug delivery is provided in separate chapters. The contributors also present a discussion on clinical aspects of ongoing research with insights towards future prospects of specific nanotechnologies.
Part II covers the following topics:
· Solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers
· Silica based nanomaterials
· Hydrogels
· Metallic nanoparticles
· Computational and experimental binding interactions of drug and β-cyclodextrin
· Clinical milestones in nanotherapeutics
· Drug delivery systems based on poly(lactide-co-glycolide) and its copolymers
The book set is an informative resource for scholars who seek updates in nanomedicine with reference to nanomaterials used in drug delivery systems.
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Seitenzahl: 574
Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2021
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FOREWORD
Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), due to their interesting physicochemical properties such as smaller size, larger surface area, electrical, optical and magnetic properties are being sought in a wide range of applications including technology, cosmetics, food packaging, medical imaging and drug delivery. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), quantum dots, mesoporous and amorphous nanosilica, nanosilver, nano titanium and zinc oxides are some of the ENMs currently in commerce. Nevertheless, the attractive physicochemical characteristics of the ENMs also create concerns when exposed to, with respect to human and ecosystem health. This book on “nanomaterials” is very timely, and touches upon the different aspects of application of ENMs in drug delivery. The chapters in this book discuss the use of a spectrum of nanomaterials in drug delivery including nano metal oxides, CNTs and lipid nanoparticles, their various nanoforms, synthesis, characterization, efficacy in terms of drug delivery and the need for toxicity testing. Physicochemical characterization is an important aspect in nanotechnology, especially, in the realm of drug delivery. The synthesis of ENMs can introduce batch to batch variation in terms of size, shape, surface characteristics and chemical composition based on source materials and synthetic routes. Moreover, the stability of ENMs can be affected based on storage conditions. This book has thus given an importance to the aspect of physicochemical testing and discusses the different analytical methods to assess morphology, surface functionalities, behavior in solution, stability, etc. This book on “nanomaterials” also identifies the need for toxicity testing of the ENMs in drug delivery. Toxicity testing is a critical component for the selection of safer ENMs for application in drug delivery and to meet regulatory standards. This book has done a fantastic job in familiarizing the reader with the scope and application of the various ENMs and their nanoforms in drug delivery along with some insight into medical imaging and computational aspect of structure-activity relationships. I congratulate the editor Dr. Surendra Nimesh on doing a fantastic job with this book on the application ENMs in drug delivery, which is one of the promising emerging medical technologies.
PREFACE
Chemically synthesized drugs have been one of the major tools in combating several diseases, including bacterial and viral infections. However, these drug molecules face several barriers, including poor cellular uptake and instability in the physiological environment that masks the therapeutic potential. In order to circumvent these issues, there arises a need to develop vehicles that could effectively and safely transport the drug molecules to the target sites. Nanotechnology has come up as one of the potent and viable strategies. Several candidates have been proposed, such as nanoparticles, liposomes, carbon nanotubes, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, etc. These vectors can be modulated to achieve delivery, including drugs that are highly unstable and face difficulty in reaching sites. This book compilation brings together some of the eminent scientists working in different dimensions of nanotechnology. They have contributed chapters in their domain of knowledge that we believe would be highly useful not only for the young researchers but also for the experts looking for some exhaustive compilations.
Chapter 1 provides a detailed account of the application of lipid-based nanoparticles and nanostructures. This chapter also provides an overview of the recent literature on solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers for drug delivery applications. Background information on the origins, composition, characterization parameters, and biological applications of these nanocarrier systems has also been presented.
Chapter 2 provides an exhaustive account of the main route of preparation and applications of MSNs and silica nanomaterials. The chapter also provides insights into the chemistry, structure, and characterization of MSNs, followed by the synthetic strategies, and finally ends with a note on the application of MSNs.
Chapter 3 deals with hydrogels; they are defined as materials composed of water (hydro) and matrix (gel). The chapter discusses the role of polymer and peptide-based hydrogels, their multi-functionality, unique properties, and major uses. Hydrogels can serve as a major tool for human welfare in the future.
Chapter 4 talks about the application of metallic nanoparticles in drug delivery. Metallic nanoparticles have been used for treatment in some life-threatening diseases such as cancer. This chapter introduces gold and silver nanoparticles, nanoshells and nanocages, and their physicochemical properties. It illustrates some of the recent advances in the field of diagnostic imaging and cancer therapy.
Chapter 5 discusses the computational and experimental studies for the interaction of drugs with β-cyclodextrins. This chapter summarizes cyclodextrin’s applications in drug delivery research through experimental and computational findings. In addition, it presents the highlights of various techniques of inclusion complex formations, mechanism of delivery systems, and their analytical methods.
Chapter 6 outlines the clinical applications of nanotechnology in various areas, including cancer, CNS disorder, rheumatoid arthritis, thyroid, cardiac diseases, ocular drug delivery, and vaccines. This chapter overviews the current status of pharmacological and clinical studies of nanoparticles in the development process.
Chapter 7 illustrates the scale-up, preclinical, and clinical status of PLGA, along with its copolymers-based drug delivery systems. This chapter summarizes the extensive applications, laboratory, and industrial-scale methods for the production of PLGA nano/microparticles, preclinical, and clinical status PLGA-based drug delivery systems.
Solid Lipid Nanoparticles and Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Drug Delivery Applications
Gabriel Silva Borges1,Mariana Silva Oliveira1,Délia Chaves Moreira dos Santos1,Lucas Antônio Miranda Ferreira1,Guilherme Carneiro2,*Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles, such as solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers, are drug delivery systems in which solid lipids are dispersed in an aqueous phase stabilized by a surfactant layer. The great interest in these nanocarriers in the latest years is due to the biocompatible lipid matrix, associated with the potential for sustained drug release, and easy transposition to the industrial scale. Moreover, these lipid systems present the ability to prevent drug degradation, and to enhance cell uptake, usually increasing drug efficacy. This chapter will provide an overview of the recent literature on solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers for drug delivery applications. Thus, some background information on the origins, composition, characterization parameters and biological applications of these nanocarrier systems will be presented.
