Science in Seconds for Kids E-Book

Samuel Cord Stier

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Für Kinder und Jugendliche
• Sprache: Englisch
• Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2020

Seitenzahl: 147

Beschreibung

Help your kids explore the wonders of science with over 100 easy and accessible experiments Science in Seconds for Kids: Over 100 Experiments You Can Do in Ten Minutes or Less, 2nd Edition makes learning science with your children fun and practical. Using ingredients and components found mostly in your home or classroom, Science in Seconds for Kids instructs caregivers and educators on how to create dazzling and enlightening experiments from scratch. This book utilizes bright and colorful illustrations and diagrams throughout, making the simple experiments even more accessible. Guide your kids through experiments including: * Making rainbows on the floor * Popping balloons with light * Bending water from a faucet * Making lightning in a room * Keeping paper dry underwater The experiments will fascinate youngsters of all ages and encourage a love of science and learning that could last a lifetime. Science in Seconds for Kids is perfect for elementary, traditional, and homeschool educators, as well as parents, grandparents, and other caregivers.

Leseprobe

Table of Contents

Cover

Title Page

Copyright

Dedication

Introduction

How This Book Is Organized

Tips for Completing the Activities

Air

Dry Paper

Elastic Air

Air Rocket

Air Push

Air Support

Bottle Balloon

Book Lift

Lifting Things with No Hands

Dusty Air

Living Things

Whopping Hoppers

Smart Skin

Break an Egg

Egg Shape

Seeing Without Eyes

Bendy Trees

Tree Curves

Slow Fly

Fish Skeleton

Colors

Waves of Color

Water Rainbow

Oil Rainbow

Secondary Colors

New Mix

Balloon Stretch

Hot Colors

Color Dyes

Spinning Colors

Chromatography

Energy

Marshmallow Launcher

Hot Hand

Hot Ice

Spicy Music

Sun Burst

Button Spinner

Wind Spin

Easy Electromagnet

Raisin Raising

Gravity

Balancing Act

Penny Balloon

Book Balance

Gravity Balance

Pendulum Plus

Paper Plunge

Gravity Pull

The Human Body

Pulse Watch

Pulse Change

Heart Sounds

Muscle Bound

Bone Brilliance

Eye Light

Weird Wonder

Crying Eyes

Old Shoes

All Together Now

Light

Tiny Mirror

Bending Straws

Light Beams

Stick Mirror

Easy Kaleidoscope

Infinite Mirrors

Comb Beams

Moon Phases

Machines

Lever Lift

Easy Move

Sinking Submarine

Simple Siphon

Sand Clock

Turning Time

Pulling Pulleys

Pull Ups

Ramp Marbles

Magnetism

Making Moves

Force Fields

Flying Paper Clip

New Magnet

Homemade Compass

Wrong Readings

Magnet Strength

Magnet Chain

Magnetic Breakfast

Magnification

Water Magnifier

Comb Rays

Magnifying Measurement

Double Convex

Word Flip

Round Works

Shadow Look

Eyeglass Lenses

Telescope Image

Water

Sticky Water

Water Skin

Circle Thread

Water Vapor

Window Fog

Breathing Dirt

Sinking Ship

Leakproof

Level Look

Weather

Wind Sail

Wind Direction

Wind Wheel

Wind Chill

Dew Point

Create Lightning

Thunder Wonder

No Pressure

Cricket Thermometer

Glossary

Further Reading

Index

End User License Agreement

Guide

Cover

Table of Contents

Begin Reading

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SAM STIER AND JEAN POTTER

SCIENCE IN SECONDS FORKIDS

100+ Activities You Can Do in Ten Minutes or Less

SECOND EDITION

Copyright © 2021 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

First edition copyright © 1995 by Jean Potter.

Published by Jossey-Bass

A Wiley Imprint

111 River St., Hoboken N.J. 07030

www.josseybass.com

Published simultaneously in Canada.

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of tire publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-сору fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400, fax [phone], or on the Web at www.copyright.com. Requests to the publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, 201-748-6011, fax [phone], or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions.

Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives or written sales materials. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation. You should consult with a professional where appropriate. Neither the publisher nor author shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages.

The publisher and the author have made every reasonable effort to ensure that the activities in this book are safe when conducted as instructed but assume no responsibility for any damage caused or sustained while performing the activities in this book. Parents, guardians, and/or teachers should supervise young readers who undertake the activities in this book.

Jossey-Bass books and products are available through most bookstores. To contact Jossey-Bass directly call our Customer Care Department within the U.S. at 800-956-7739, outside the U.S. at 317-572-3986, or fax [phone].

Jossey-Bass also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Names: Stier, Sam, author. | Potter, Jean, 1947- author.

Title: Science in seconds for kids : over 100 experiments and activities you can do in ten minutes or less / Sam Stier, Jean Potter.

Description: Second edition. | Hoboken, N.J. : Jossey-Bass, [2021] | Includes index.

Identifiers: LCCN 2020027684 (print) | LCCN 2020027685 (ebook) | ISBN 9781119685470 (paperback) | ISBN 9781119685500 (adobe pdf) | ISBN 9781119685517 (epub)

Subjects: LCSH: Science—Experiments—Juvenile literature.

Classification: LCC Q164 .S78 2021 (print) | LCC Q164 (ebook) | DDC 507.8—dc23

LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020027684

LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020027685

Cover Design: Wiley

Cover Images: chemistry icon © M.Style/Shutterstock, timer © iconim/Shutterstock, kids style font © Knstart Studio/Shutterstock

SECOND EDITION

This book is dedicated to my dear friend James H. Harless in appreciation for his friendship and love for fellow man and for his significant contributions to the field of education.

— Jean

To teachers everywhere who guide children toward a good life by fostering wonder, curiosity, and discovery – sensations evolution has given us the capacity to feel that have made humankind what it is today.

— Sam

Special thanks to:

Robert M. Frostig, science teacher, Horace Mann Junior High School, Charleston, West Virginia.

Michael J. Chovanec, physics teacher; Tobin George, biology teacher; William Fry, science teacher; Hempfield Area High School, Greensburg, Pennsylvania.

Additional thanks to:

Thomas, my husband, for his incredible love and support.

Archie, our Welsh Corgi, for his companionship and friendship.

Shadow, our Russian Blue, for his constant vigil.

Mary, my friend, for love, understanding, and support.

Mom, Dad, Kathy, and Emmett, my family, for so many reasons.

Kate Bradford, my editor, for her expert opinion and advice.

Sam Stier would like to thank his most capable agent, Grace Freedson, for helping create the opportunity to work on this book, and Jean Potter, for putting the wonderful first edition of this book together. The challenge of explaining a wide range of fascinating, complicated physical phenomena to young children has been a wonderful opportunity to try and explain a wide range of fascinating, complicated physical phenomena to myself.

Introduction

Science in Seconds for Kids contains 108 quick and easy activities and experiments that will help you discover the wonders of science and our world, from how rockets work to what causes lightning. Each activity takes only 10 minutes or less to complete. You will soon be able to look quickly into many exciting topics.

How This Book Is Organized

Science in Seconds for Kids is divided into sections by topic. If you are looking for a particular activity, you can find it in the Activities Index at the back of the book.

Each activity answers a particular question about science and includes a list of the materials you need, easy-to-follow steps, and an explanation of what the activity demonstrates. There is no need to buy special materials, but you may want to visit the Internet or a library for additional information on the topic.

Tips for Completing the Activities

Try to be very careful as you perform your activities. These tips will help:

Be prepared

. Read through any activity before you begin to do it. Collect all the materials required before you start, and place them in the order in which you will use them. Science can be messy, so wear old clothes while doing activities. Give yourself enough space to work and enough ventilation. Cover surfaces with newspaper in case of spills.

Be accurate

. When conducting your activities, follow the directions closely, and write down all results. Consider repeating experiments to see if you get the same result again. Doing an experiment more than once can help improve the accuracy of your results.

Be creative

. After completing an activity according to the directions, try to think of ways that you can change an experiment. Look for the results from your change to the experiment. Before you make the change, ask an adult if your substitution is all right.

Be careful

. Ask for adult assistance and supervision when using sharp instruments. Materials should be used for the purpose for which they are intended. Work cautiously.

Be neat

. Keep your work and your work area as neat as you can. Use clean instruments, and wash them after every use. Put your materials away after they have been washed.

Have fun!

Because our world is so interesting, science is full of discoveries and adventure that lasts forever!

Image by Free-Photos from Pixabay

Air

Air is a special mixture of gases that surrounds and protects our planet and makes Life possible. Since it is colorless, odorless, and tasteless, we sometimes do not remember it is there. But it is, and it is very important.

Air has many uses, from keeping living things alive to making it possible for you to play basketball, fly a kite, or fly in an airplane. In this section, you will do some activities and experiments to learn how air can push objects, lift things, and make balls bounce.

Dry Paper

Can Paper Stay Dry in Water?

Materials

tap water

plastic tub

sheet of paper

plastic cup

Try This

Run tap water into the plastic tub until the tub is about three-fourths full.

Crumple the sheet of paper and push it to the bottom of the plastic cup. Use enough paper so it will stay at the bottom when the cup is upside down.

Hold the cup upside down and push it into the water. Be sure to hold the cup straight up and down, not tilted.

Pull the cup straight up out of the water and, with dry hands, remove the paper. What happens to the paper?

What's Going On?

The paper did not get wet. Air surrounded the paper in the cup. When you pushed the cup into the water, the air was trapped in the cup. The trapped air pushed back on the water, keeping it from reaching the paper. If you had tilted the cup, the air would have escaped, and the water would have taken its place. In that case, the paper would have become wet.

Elastic Air

Why Does a Balloon Filled with Air Bounce?

Materials

balloon

string

Try This

Inflate the balloon.

Tie the neck of the balloon closed. Tie a string to the neck.

With your hand, push in the balloon at different places.

Bounce the balloon against a table or your fist. What happens to the balloon when you press or bounce it against something?

What's Going On?

Balloons are made of an elastic (stretchy) material called latex. When you blew air into the balloon, the air molecules (the smallest particle or amount of a chemical substance) were packed closer and closer together. When you pushed in on the balloon, you actually felt all those air molecules pushing back. Because the balloon and air are elastic, the balloon bounced back when you pushed it against a table or your hand. If the balloon were filled with sand, it would not bounce! This is why basketballs, soccer balls, and other balls are filled with air.

Air Rocket

What Happens to Air When You Squeeze It?

Materials

piece of string about 6 ft (2 m) long

2 chairs

drinking straw

long balloon

masking tape

Try This

Tie one end of the piece of string to the first chair.

Lace the string through the drinking straw.

Tie the other end of the string to the second chair.

Move the chairs apart so the string is stretched tight.

Inflate the balloon and hold the neck so that no air escapes.

Keep the neck of the balloon closed as you tape the balloon to the straw.

When the balloon is taped, release the neck. What happens?

What's Going On?

The balloon was forced along the string. When you inflated the balloon, you pushed air into it, stretching out the latex skin. The elastic skin of the balloon then put pressure, or force, on the air inside the balloon. When you released the balloon, the air rushed out one end with a force that pushed the balloon in the opposite direction. When a rocket is launched, tremendous force is required to lift it off the ground. The rocket gets this force from fuel, which is ignited (set on fire), forcing heated gas out the end of the rocket, pushing the rocket up in the other direction.

Air Push

Air Pressure Is All Around Us

Materials

5-by-8-in. index card

plastic cup

tap water

bowl

Try This

Make sure the index card is large enough to completely cover the top of the plastic cup.

Fill the cup with tap water to the brim so that no air space remains.

Place the index card on top of the cup. Make sure there is no air between the card and the water. If there is air space, remove the card, add more water, and replace the card.

Hold the card in place by putting one hand on it.

Turn the cup upside down over the bowl and slowly remove your hand from under the card.

Turn the cup slowly in different directions. Can you make the card stay on the glass when you move it in different directions?

What's Going On?

The air that surrounds us pushes in all directions. When you turned the water-filled cup upside down, the air around the cup maintained its pressure on the index card and held it in place, even against the weight of the water. The card will stay pressed against the cup until a force stronger than the surrounding air moves it.

Air Support

How Does the Shape of an Object Affect How It Falls Through the Air?

Materials

scissors

ruler

8-foot (2.4-m) piece of string

2 square handkerchiefs

2 clothespins or small binder clip

Try This

Cut the piece of string into eight 1-foot (30-cm) lengths.

Tie a big knot in the middle of one handkerchief.

Tie one length of string to each corner of each handkerchief.

Gather the ends of the loose strings leading from each handkerchief and tie them in a knot around the head of each clothespin or similarly weighted object.

Grip the center of each handkerchief and toss both handkerchiefs into the air, or drop them from a high place. What happens?

What's Going On?