The Rock-Eval Method E-Book

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 462

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2023

Beschreibung

This book presents the Rock-Eval¯® method, which was invented in France in the 1970s and is used by the oil industry worldwide to characterize source rocks and reservoir rocks as well as their petroleum potential. Rock Eval¯® has also spread to other fields of application, including soil science, paleoceanography, paleoclimatology, environmental science (i.e. monitoring pollution remediation), material chemistry (i.e. carbonates, microplastics) and many others. The Rock-Eval Method presents a collection of chapters reviewing this method and its fields of application, and examines its possible developments. The authors are from either the academic or applied sector and have all contributed to the development of the Rock Eval¯® apparatus and method. This instrument, which lies somewhere between a chromatographic, a thermal and an elemental analyzer, is now evolving to be an analytical platform, on which new fields of applications can be tested in the future.

Leseprobe

SCIENCES

Geoscience, Field Director – Yves Lagabrielle

The Surface of the Lithosphere and the Biosphere, Subject Head – François Baudin

The Rock-Eval Method

Principles and Application

Coordinated by

François Baudin

First published 2023 in Great Britain and the United States by ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms and licenses issued by the CLA. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside these terms should be sent to the publishers at the undermentioned address:

ISTE Ltd27-37 St George’s RoadLondon SW19 4EUUK

www.iste.co.uk

John Wiley & Sons, Inc.111 River StreetHoboken, NJ 07030USA

www.wiley.com

© ISTE Ltd 2023The rights of François Baudin to be identified as the author of this work have been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.

Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s), contributor(s) or editor(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of ISTE Group.

Library of Congress Control Number: 2023942076

British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication DataA CIP record for this book is available from the British LibraryISBN 978-1-78945-153-5

ERC code:PE10 Earth System Science PE10_5 Geology, tectonics, volcanology PE10_7 Physics of earth’s interior, seismology, volcanology PE10_10 Mineralogy, petrology, igneous petrology, metamorphic petrology

2Principles and Methods

Violaine LAMOUREUX-VAR1, Nicolas BOUTON2, Jean ESPITALIÉ2and Yves BENOIT1

1IFP Energies nouvelles, Rueil-Malmaison, France

2Vinci Technologies, Nanterre, France

Rock-Eval® is a laboratory thermal analyzer that allows samples to be heated in a temperature-controllable oven, while continuously measuring the gases resulting from chemical reactions favored by the temperature rise of the sample (pyrolysis and oxidation). The quantity of hydrocarbons produced by the organic matter of the sample is thus determined.

2.1. Analysis process

Around 60 mg of the powdered sample1 is weighed in a crucible using a spatula. By means of an autosampler, the crucible containing the sample is placed on a piston, which is then guided into a heated tube, called a pyrolysis oven. This oven, whose heating conditions are adaptable, is swept by an inert carrier gas flow (N2 since Rock-Eval® 6 and helium in earlier versions). Molecules resulting from the thermal cracking reaction (pyrolysis) of organic matter – mainly hydrocarbons (gas and oil), heavy hydrocarbon compounds and other gases (CO, CO2, H2S, SO2, etc.) – are driven by the flow of di-nitrogen to the detectors:

the flame ionization detector (FID), to quantify the hydrocarbon molecules (HC);

spectrophotometric detectors, infrared (IR) for CO, CO

2

and ultraviolet (UV) for SO

2