Working in Biosafety Level 3 and 4 Laboratories E-Book

• Herausgeber: Wiley-VCH
• Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 196

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2013

Beschreibung

The first training manual for staff working in BSL3/4 labs, this book is based on a course that has been approved as a standard throughout the EU. It covers bio-containment, hazard criteria, the categorization of microbes, technical specifications for BSL-3 and ABSL-3 laboratories, personal protective gear, and shipping BSL-3 and BSL-4 organisms according to UN and IATA regulations. It also examines the efficacy of inactivation procedures, fumigation, learning from a history of lab accidents, handling samples submitted for diagnostic testing, and bridging the gap between the requirements of bio-containment and diagnostics. The result is a welcome tool for training new personnel, as well as a useful reference for all permanent staff working in BSL3/4 labs.

Leseprobe

Table of Contents

Related Titles

Title Page

Copyright

Acknowledgement

Preface

List of Contributors

Introduction

References

Chapter 1: Laboratory Biosafety in Containment Laboratories

1.1 Routes of Infection

1.2 Classification of Microorganisms

1.3 General Containment Principles

1.4 Specific Containment Principles

1.5 Design of a Suit-Based-BSL-4 Laboratory with Negative Pressure

1.6 Safety Routines

Summary

Reference

Chapter 2: Hazard Criteria and Categorization of Microbes Classification Systems

2.1 Facility Requirements

2.2 Exceptions to the Rules

Summary

Chapter 3: Technical and Practical Aspects of BSL-3 Laboratories

3.1 Technical Aspects – Facilities, Secondary Barriers

3.2 Practical Aspects – Safety Equipment, Primary Barriers

3.3 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Summary

References

Chapter 4: Animal Biosafety Level 3 Facility – Enhancements When Dealing with Large Animals

4.1 Enhancements to Upgrade a Standard Animal BSL-3 Facility to a LABSL-3 Facility Housing Large Animals

4.2 Additional Recommendations

Summary

References

Chapter 5: Personal Protective Equipment

5.1 Definitions

5.2 Regulatory Background

5.3 Routes of Entry and Types of PPE

5.4 Use of PPE

Summary

Chapter 6: Shipping of Infectious Substances According IATA-DGR Regulations

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Classifications and UN Code

6.3 Limitations

6.4 Packaging

6.5 Packing Instruction 650 for Biological Substance, Category B

6.6 Packing Instruction 620 for Infectious Substance, Category A; UN 2814 and UN 2900

6.7 Packing Instruction 904 (UN 1845) for Dry Ice

6.8 Documentation

Summary

References

Chapter 7: Disinfection and Decontamination

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Ways of Decontamination/Disinfection

7.3 Physical Disinfection/Decontamination

7.4 Irradiation

7.5 Factors Influencing Chemical Disinfection/Decontamination

7.6 Testing the Activity of a Certain Product

7.7 Chemical Compounds Used as Disinfectants

7.8 Conclusion

Summary

References

Chapter 8: Fumigation of Spaces

8.1 Definitions

8.2 Practicalities

8.3 Fumigation Process

8.4 Validation of Fumigation

8.5 Post-Fumigation

8.6 Fumigation of Cabinets

8.7 Emergency Plans

8.8 Conclusions

Summary

Chapter 9: Learning from a History of Laboratory Accidents

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Strains

9.3 Eye Protection

9.4 Necropsies, Animal Experiments, and Sharps

9.5 Skin Protection

9.6 The Omnipresence of Aerosol

9.7 Centrifugation

9.8 Spills

9.9 Laboratory Accident Statistics

Summary

References

Chapter 10: Bridging the Gap between Requirements of Biocontainmentand Diagnostics

Summary

References

Chapter 11: Risk Assessment Procedures

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Risk Identification

11.3 Additional Points for General Risk

Summary

Further Readings

Chapter 12: Biosecurity

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Biosecurity as Part of a Biorisk Management Program

12.3 Risk (Threat) Assessment Process

12.4 Physical Security and Access Control

12.5 Material Management

12.6 Personnel Security Management

12.7 Transport of Biological Materials

12.8 Information Security

12.9 Incident and Emergency Response Planning

Summary

References

Appendix

Practical Course

Day 1

Day 2

Day 3

Index

Related Titles

Elschner, M., Cutler, S., Weidmann, M., Butaye, P. (eds.)

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2012

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also available in digital formats

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Bacillus anthracis and Anthrax

2011

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Encyclopedia of Bioterrorism Defense, 2nd Edition

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Kostic, T., Butaye, P., Schrenzel, J. (eds.)

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2009

Print ISBN: 978-3-527-32275-6

also available in digital formats

Stulik, J., Toman, R., Butaye, P., Ulrich, R.G. (eds.)

BSL3 and BSL4 Agents

Proteomics, Glycomics, and Antigenicity

2011

Print ISBN: 978-3-527-32780-5

also available in digital formats

Editors

Dr. Manfred Weidmann

University Medical Center Göttingen

Department of Virology

Kreuzbergring 57

37075 Göttingen

Germany

Prof. Nigel Silman

Research & Development

Public Health England

Porton Down

Salisbury SP4 0JG

United Kingdom

Prof. Patrick Butaye

Veterinary and Agrochemical Research Centre

Department of Bacteriology and Immunology

Groeselenberg 99

1180 Bruxelles

Belgium

Dr. Mandy Elschner

Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute

Federal Research Institute for Animal Health

Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses

Naumburger Straße 96 a

07743 Jena

Germany

Cover

Working at a biosafety cabinet class II

wearing a positive respirator

(Photo: Martin Spiegel, University of Göttingen)

Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty can be created or extended by sales representatives or written sales materials. The Advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation. You should consult with a professional where appropriate. Neither the publisher nor authors shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages.

Library of Congress Card No.: applied for

British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek

The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at <http://dnb.d-nb.de>.

© 2014 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Boschstr. 12, 69469 Weinheim, Germany

Wiley-Blackwell is an imprint of John Wiley & Sons, formed by the merger of Wiley's global Scientific, Technical, and Medical business with Blackwell Publishing.

All rights reserved (including those of translation into other languages). No part of this book may be reproduced in any form — by photoprinting, microfilm, or any other means — nor transmitted or translated into a machine language without written permission from the publishers. Registered names, trademarks, etc. used in this book, even when not specifically marked as such, are not to be considered unprotected by law.

Print ISBN: 978-3-527-33467-4

ePDF ISBN: 978-3-527-67536-4

ePub ISBN: 978-3-527-67533-3

Mobi ISBN: 978-3-527-67534-0

oBook ISBN: 978-3-527-67535-7

Acknowledgement

This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the author, and the European Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

With the financial support of the Prevention of and Fight against Crime ProgrammeEuropean Commission – Directorate-General Home Affairs

Preface

This is the fourth book written in a series that started within the framework of the European project COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) action B28, which aimed at increasing knowledge on BSL-3 (biosafety level) and BSL-4 agents; to support development of more accurate diagnostic assays, vaccines, and therapeutics; and to better understand epidemiology of these highly pathogenic microorganisms that can potentially be used as biological weapons. COST funding has ended in 2010 and an additional grant by DG Home Affairs in the program “Prevention of and fight against crime” now sponsors the final volume “A practical guideline to working in BSL-3/4 laboratories.”

The first book summarized the knowledge on microarray technology. The second book summarized the knowledge on proteomics, glycomics, and antigenicity of the BSL-3/4 agents. The third book described the agents themselves.

The authors of the chapters are all involved in research concerning these agents and have been working with them extensively. Typically, the authors also have access to BSL-3/4 laboratories in which they can work with these agents, thus are familiar with the required precautions and legislations. Their expertise has also been employed for assessment of outbreaks and understanding the epidemiological factors that facilitate their spread and subsequent control.

This book was created from lectures given in a training school course held four times funded by COST action from 2007 to 2010 and four times funded by DG Home in 2012–2013. At the time of publication, two more courses have to be held.

Manfred Weidmann

Nigel Silman

Patrick Butaye

Mandy Elschner

List of Contributors

Francesc Xavier Abad

CReSA

Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal

UAB-IRTA

Bellaterra

08193 Barcelona

Spain

Åsa S. Björndal

Swedish Institute for Communicable Disease Control

Unit for Biorisk Management

Department för Analysis and Prevention

Nobels väg 18

SE-17182 Solna

Sweden

Patrick Butaye

Veterinary and Agrochemical Research Centre

Department of Bacteriology and Immunology

Groeselenberg 99

1180 Brussels

Belgium

Mariano Domingo

CReSA

Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal

UAB-IRTA

Bellaterra

08193 Barcelona

Spain

Mandy Elschner

Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut

Federal Research Institute for Animal Health

Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses

Naumburger Straße 96a

07743 Jena

Germany

Martin Heller

Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut

Federal Research Institute for Animal Health

Institute of Molecular Pathogenesis

Naumburger Straße 96a

07743 Jena

Germany

Frank T. Hufert

University Medical Center Göttingen

Department of Virology

Kreuzbergring 57

37075 Göttingen

Germany

Annette A. Kraus

Swedish Institute for Communicable Disease Control (SMI)

Department for Diagnostics and Vaccinology

Nobels väg 18

SE-17182 Solna

Sweden

Jürgen Mertsching

Hannover Medical School

Department of Biological Safety

Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1

30625 Hannover

Germany

Ali Mirazimi

Swedish Institute for Communicable Disease Control (SMI)

Department for Diagnostics and Vaccinology

Nobels väg 18

SE-171 82 Solna

Sweden

Nigel Silman

Research & Development

Public Health England

Porton Down

SP4 0JG Salisbury

United Kingdom

David Solanes

CReSA

Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal

UAB-IRTA

Bellaterra

08193 Barcelona

Spain

Manfred Weidmann

University Medical Center Göttingen

Department of Virology

Kreuzbergring 57

37075 Göttingen

Germany