2022 / 2023 ASVAB For Dummies E-Book

Angie Papple Johnston

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Bildung
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 1055

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2022

Beschreibung

Lock down the score you need to get the job you want! The bestselling ASVAB For Dummies is back with an updated and expanded annual edition. Joining the military? Want to maximize your score and your job flexibility? Dummies to the rescue! With 2022/2023 ASVAB For Dummies, you've got access to an insane amount of test prep and study material, including 7 online practice tests, flashcards, hundreds of practice questions right in the book, and a lot more. Military recruiters trust the #1 Bestselling ASVAB study guide on the market to help their prospective enlistees score high on the test. Check out these insider tips and tricks for test-day-success from an expert author, and practice with example problems until you feel confident. Learn at your own pace. It's all possible. Next stop: basic training. * Learn what the ASVAB is all about, including all 10 test sections * Practice with 7 online practice tests and countless more questions * Identify the score you need to get the job you want--then get that score * Work through at your own pace and emphasize the areas you need ASVAB For Dummies is a reliable study guide with proven results. You don't need anything else. Get studying, recruit!

Leseprobe

2022/2023 ASVAB For Dummies®

Published by: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774, www.wiley.com

Copyright © 2022 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey

Published simultaneously in Canada

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Library of Congress Control Number: 2022930690

ISBN 978-1-119-87017-3 (pbk); ISBN 978-1-119-87018-0 (ebk); ISBN 978-1-119-87019-7 (ebk)

2022/2023 ASVAB For Dummies®

To view this book's Cheat Sheet, simply go to www.dummies.com and search for “2022/2023 ASVAB For Dummies Cheat Sheet” in the Search box.

Table of Contents

Cover

Title Page

Copyright

Introduction

About This Book

Foolish Assumptions

Icons Used in This Book

Beyond the Book

Where to Go from Here

Part 1: Getting Started with the ASVAB

Chapter 1: Putting the ASVAB under a Microscope

Knowing Which Version You’re Taking

Mapping Out the ASVAB Subtests

Eyeing Easy, Medium, and Hard Questions

Deciphering ASVAB Scores

Do-Over: Retaking the ASVAB

Chapter 2: Knowing What It Takes to Get Your Dream Job

Eyeing How ASVAB Scores Determine Military Training Programs and Jobs

Understanding How Each Branch Computes Line Scores

Chapter 3: Getting Acquainted with Test-Taking and Study Techniques

Taking the Test: Computerized or Paper?

Tackling Multiple-Choice Questions

When You Don’t Know an Answer: Guessing Smart

Studying and Practicing for the ASVAB

Making Last-Minute Preparations: 24 Hours and Counting

Getting Access to the Online Test Bank

Part 2: Words to Live By: Communication Skills

Chapter 4: Word Knowledge

Grasping the Importance of Word Knowledge

Checking Out the Word Knowledge Question Format

Building Words from Scratch: Strategies to Help You Decipher Word Meanings

Yin and Yang: Understanding Synonyms and Antonyms

ASVAB Word Knowledge Strategy: Finding the Answer When You Just Don’t Know

You Are What You Speak: Improving Your Vocabulary, Improving Yourself

Word Knowledge Practice Questions

Answers and Explanations

Chapter 5: Paragraph Comprehension

Understanding the Importance of Paragraph Comprehension for Military Jobs

Eyeing the Physique of the Paragraph Comprehension Subtest

Trying the Four Flavors of Comprehension Questions

Do You Get My Point? Breaking down Paragraphs

Analyzing What You’ve Read: Guessing at What the Writer Really Means

Faster than a Speeding Turtle: Tips for Slow Readers

Test-Taking Tips for Reading and Gleaning

Paragraph Comprehension Practice Questions

Answers and Explanations

Part 3: Making the Most of Math: Arithmetic Skills

Chapter 6: Mathematics Knowledge and Operations

Just When You Thought You Were Done with Vocab: Math Terminology

Operations: What You Do to Numbers

Working on Both Sides of the Line: Fractions

A Powerful Shorthand: Writing in Scientific Notation

Getting to the Root of the Problem

Test-Taking Techniques for Your Mathematical Journey

Math Knowledge and Operations Practice Questions

Answers and Explanations

Chapter 7: Algebra

Coming to Terms with Basic Algebra Lingo

Solving for x

When All Things Are Equal: Keeping an Algebra Equation Balanced

Tackling Two-Variable Equations

Explaining Exponents in Algebra

A Step Back: Factoring Algebra Expressions to Find Original Numbers

Making Alphabet Soup: Solving Quadratic Equations

All Math Isn’t Created Equal: Solving Inequalities

Algebra Practice Questions

Answers and Explanations

Chapter 8: Geometry

Perusing Perimeter and Area

Outlining Angles

Pointing Out Triangle Types

Back to Square One: Quadrilaterals

Going around in Circles

Fillin’ It Up: Calculating Volume

Mapping Out Coordinates

Hammering Down Helpful Geometry Formulas

Geometry Practice Questions

Answers and Explanations

Chapter 9: Arithmetic Reasoning: Math Word Problems

Tackling the Real World of Word Problems

The Guessing Game: Putting Reason in Your Guessing Strategy

Arithmetic Reasoning (Math Word Problems) Practice Questions

Answers and Explanations

Part 4: Examining General Science under a Microscope

Chapter 10: General Science and Life Science

There’s a Scientific Method to the Madness

Understanding Forms of Measurement

Uncovering Biology, from Big to Small

Perusing the Human Body Systems

Digging through Plant Physiology

Thinking Small: A Look at Cells

Swimming in the Gene Pool: Genetics

Using Common Sense to Hypothesize about Answers

General and Life Science Practice Questions

Answers and Explanations

Chapter 11: Physical Sciences

Chemistry: Not Blowing Up the Lab

Physics: It Matters (and It’s Matter)

Physical Science Practice Questions

Answers and Explanations

Chapter 12: Earth and Space Sciences

Staying Down to Earth with Geology and Meteorology

Paleontology: Can You Dig It?

Where Few Have Gone Before: Astronomy

Getting Back to Your Latin Roots to Improve Your Test Score

Earth and Space Science Practice Questions

Answers and Explanations

Part 5: The Whole Ball of Facts: Technical Skills

Chapter 13: Auto Information

Checking under the Hood

Cruising toward a Better Score

Auto Information Practice Questions

Answers and Explanations

Chapter 14: Shop Information

Picking Up the Tools of the Trade

Sticking Materials Together with Fasteners

Building a Better Score

Shop Information Practice Questions

Answers and Explanations

Chapter 15: Mechanical Comprehension

A-mass-ing Knowledge on Matter, Weight, Density, and Relativity

Understanding the Forces of the Universe

You Call That Work?!

Relying on Machines to Help You Work

Working Your Way to a Better Test Score

Mechanical Comprehension Practice Questions

Answers and Explanations

Chapter 16: Electronics Information

Uncovering the Secrets of Electricity

Switching Things Up with Alternating and Direct Current

Picture It: Decoding Electrical Circuit Codes

Coming in Hot: Wire Color Codes Used in the U.S.

Eyeing Some Electronics Information Test Tips

Electronics Information Practice Questions

Answers and Explanations

Chapter 17: Assembling Objects

Getting the Picture about Assembling Objects

Two Types of Questions for the Price of One

Tips for the Assembling Objects Subtest

Assembling Objects Practice Questions

Answers and Explanations

Part 6: Practice ASVAB Exams

Chapter 18: Practice Exam 1

Answer Sheet for Practice Exam 1

Chapter 19: Practice Exam 1: Answers and Explanations

Subtest 1: General Science Answers

Subtest 2: Arithmetic Reasoning Answers

Subtest 3: Word Knowledge Answers

Subtest 4: Paragraph Comprehension Answers

Subtest 5: Mathematics Knowledge Answers

Subtest 6: Electronics Information Answers

Subtest 7: Auto & Shop Information Answers

Subtest 8: Mechanical Comprehension Answers

Subtest 9: Assembling Objects Answers

Chapter 20: Practice Exam 2

Answer Sheet for Practice Exam 2

Chapter 21: Practice Exam 2: Answers and Explanations

Subtest 1: General Science Answers

Subtest 2: Arithmetic Reasoning Answers

Subtest 3: Word Knowledge Answers

Subtest 4: Paragraph Comprehension Answers

Subtest 5: Mathematics Knowledge Answers

Subtest 6: Electronics Information Answers

Subtest 7: Auto & Shop Information Answers

Subtest 8: Mechanical Comprehension Answers

Subtest 9: Assembling Objects Answers

Chapter 22: Practice Exam 3

Answer Sheet for Practice Exam 3

Chapter 23: Practice Exam 3: Answers and Explanations

Subtest 1: General Science Answers

Subtest 2: Arithmetic Reasoning Answers

Subtest 3: Word Knowledge Answers

Subtest 4: Paragraph Comprehension Answers

Subtest 5: Mathematics Knowledge Answers

Subtest 6: Electronics Information Answers

Subtest 7: Auto & Shop Information Answers

Subtest 8: Mechanical Comprehension Answers

Subtest 9: Assembling Objects Answers

Chapter 24: AFQT Practice Exam 1

Answer Sheet for AFQT Practice Exam 1

Chapter 25: AFQT Practice Exam 1: Answers and Explanations

Subtest 1: Arithmetic Reasoning Answers

Subtest 2: Word Knowledge Answers

Subtest 3: Paragraph Comprehension Answers

Subtest 4: Mathematics Knowledge Answers

Chapter 26: AFQT Practice Exam 2

Answer Sheet for AFQT Practice Exam 2

Chapter 27: AFQT Practice Exam 2: Answers and Explanations

Subtest 1: Arithmetic Reasoning Answers

Subtest 2: Word Knowledge Answers

Subtest 3: Paragraph Comprehension Answers

Subtest 4: Mathematics Knowledge Answers

Part 7: The Part of Tens

Chapter 28: Ten Surefire Ways to Fail the ASVAB

Choosing Not to Study at All

Failing to Realize How Scores Are Used

Studying for Unnecessary Subtests

Losing Focus

Panicking over Time

Deciding Not to Check the Answers

Making Wild Guesses or Not Guessing at All

Changing Answers

Memorizing the Practice Test Questions

Misunderstanding the Problem

Chapter 29: Ten Tips for Doing Well on the AFQT

As Soon as the Test Starts, Write Down What You’re Likely to Forget

Read All the Answer Choices before Deciding

Don’t Expect Perfect Word Matches

Read the Passages before the Questions

Reread to Find Specific Information

Base Conclusions Only on What You Read

Change Percents to Decimals

Understand Inverses

Remember How Ratios, Rates, and Scales Compare

Make Sure Your Answers Are Reasonable

Chapter 30: Ten Ways to Boost Your Math and English Skills

Practice Doing Math Problems

Put Away Your Calculator

Memorize the Order of Operations

Know Your Geometry Formulas

Keep a Word List

Study Latin and Greek

Use Flashcards

Read More, Watch TV Less

Practice Finding Main and Supporting Points

Use a Study Guide

Part 8: Appendixes

Appendix A: Matching ASVAB Scores to Military Jobs

Army Enlisted Jobs

Air Force Enlisted Jobs

Navy Enlisted Jobs

Marine Corps Enlisted Jobs

Coast Guard Enlisted Jobs

Appendix B: Countdown to Taking the ASVAB

How Much Time Do You Have to Prepare?

Outline Your ASVAB Study Strategy

Appendix C: Word Knowledge Resources

Digging Down to Word Roots

Pointing Out Prefixes

Spotting Hard-Working Suffixes

Index

About the Author

Connect with Dummies

End User License Agreement

List of Tables

Chapter 1

TABLE 1-1 Versions of the ASVAB

TABLE 1-2 The ASVAB Subtests in Order

TABLE 1-3 AFQT Scores and Trainability

TABLE 1-4 AFQT Score Requirements

Chapter 2

TABLE 2-1 The U.S. Army’s Ten Line Scores

TABLE 2-2 The U.S. Navy and Coast Guard’s Line Scores

TABLE 2-3 The Marine Corps’s Line Scores

TABLE 2-4 The U.S. Air Force’s MAGE Scores

Chapter 4

TABLE 4-1 Military Line Scores That Use the Word Knowledge Score

TABLE 4-2 Prefixes

TABLE 4-3 Suffixes

TABLE 4-4 Roots

TABLE 4-5 Signal Words

TABLE 4-6 Parts of Speech

Chapter 5

TABLE 5-1 Military Line Scores That Use the Paragraph Comprehension Score

Chapter 8

TABLE 8-1 Common Geometry Formulas

Chapter 10

TABLE 10-1 Metric Prefixes

TABLE 10-2 Common Metric Units and Their Abbreviations

TABLE 10-3 Imperial to Metric Conversions

TABLE 10-4 Taxonomy of Different Organisms

TABLE 10-5 Human Body Systems

TABLE 10-6 Plant Systems and Functions

Chapter 11

TABLE 11-1 Examples of Chemical Formulas

TABLE 11-2 Measurement, SI Base Quantities, and Abbreviations

TABLE 11-3 Measurements, SI Derived Units, and Symbols/Abbreviations

TABLE 11-4 SI versus U.S. Standard Units

Chapter 12

TABLE 12-1 Layers of Earth’s Atmosphere

TABLE 12-2 Types of Clouds

TABLE 12-3 Earth’s Geologic Eras

TABLE 12-4 The Number of Moons per Planet in Earth’s Solar System

Chapter 14

TABLE 14-1 Cutting Tools

Appendix A

TABLE A-1 Army Enlisted Jobs and Required ASVAB Scores

TABLE A-2 Air Force Enlisted Jobs and Required ASVAB Scores

TABLE A-3 Navy Enlisted Jobs and Required ASVAB Scores

TABLE A-4 Marine Corps Enlisted Jobs and Required ASVAB Scores

TABLE A-5 Coast Guard Enlisted Jobs and Required ASVAB Scores

Appendix C

TABLE C-1 Word Roots

TABLE C-2 Prefixes

TABLE C-3 Suffixes

List of Illustrations

Chapter 1

FIGURE 1-1: A sample ASVAB score card used by high school guidance counselors.

FIGURE 1-2: A sample ASVAB score card used for military enlistment purposes.

Chapter 8

FIGURE 8-1: Types of angles.

FIGURE 8-2: Vertical angles.

FIGURE 8-3: Pairs of angles on parallel lines.

FIGURE 8-4: The three basic types of triangles.

FIGURE 8-5: The Pythagorean theorem in action.

FIGURE 8-6: Types of quadrilaterals.

FIGURE 8-7: The parts of a circle.

FIGURE 8-8: Combined figures.

Chapter 10

FIGURE 10-1: The Linnaean taxonomic classification system.

FIGURE 10-2: The anatomy of a plant.

FIGURE 10-3: Basic structures of plant and animal cells.

Chapter 11

FIGURE 11-1: The scientific method.

FIGURE 11-2: The periodic table.

FIGURE 11-3: States of matter.

FIGURE 11-4: The pH scale.

FIGURE 11-5: A sound wave.

FIGURE 11-6: The electromagnetic spectrum.

Chapter 12

FIGURE 12-1: Earth’s layers.

FIGURE 12-2: Types of faults.

FIGURE 12-3: The magnetosphere.

FIGURE 12-4: The Milky Way galaxy.

FIGURE 12-5: Phases of the moon.

Chapter 13

FIGURE 13-1: A four-stroke engine.

FIGURE 13-2: Common cylinder arrangements.

FIGURE 13-3: A basic suspension system.

Chapter 14

FIGURE 14-1: Common measuring tools.

FIGURE 14-2: Leveling and squaring tools.

FIGURE 14-3: Fastening tools.

FIGURE 14-4: Drilling, punching, and gouging tools.

FIGURE 14-5: Clamping tools.

FIGURE 14-6: Screws and bolts.

FIGURE 14-7: Nuts and washers.

Chapter 15

FIGURE 15-1: An example of action and reaction forces.

FIGURE 15-2: An example of tension force.

FIGURE 15-3: The concept of elastic recoil.

FIGURE 15-4: A simple lever.

FIGURE 15-5: Classes of levers.

FIGURE 15-6: A pulley used in a block and tackle system.

FIGURE 15-7: Reducing effort by using a block and tackle.

FIGURE 15-8: Two examples of a block and tackle arrangement.

FIGURE 15-9: The motion of gears with an even number of gears aligned in a seri...

FIGURE 15-10: The ratio of teeth between two gears affects rotational speed.

FIGURE 15-11: Two bevel gears meet at a right angle.

FIGURE 15-12: Pulleys rotate in the same direction unless the belt is reversed....

FIGURE 15-13: Pulley rotation speed is based on the pulley’s diameter.

FIGURE 15-14: A hand drill increases mechanical advantage.

FIGURE 15-15: A standard shop vise.

FIGURE 15-16: A hydraulic jack.

Chapter 16

FIGURE 16-1: A helium atom.

FIGURE 16-2: A simple electric current.

FIGURE 16-3: An open and closed circuit.

FIGURE 16-4: Circuits on electrical diagrams.

FIGURE 16-5: Symbols in electronic circuit diagrams.

FIGURE 16-6: An adjustable timer circuit.

Chapter 17

FIGURE 17-1: Identifying points and shapes.

FIGURE 17-2: Rotated shapes make the problem harder.

FIGURE 17-3: Figuring out mirrored shapes (A and B) and rotated shapes.

FIGURE 17-4: Line-shape relationships.

FIGURE 17-5: Another example of spatial relationships.

FIGURE 17-6: More shapes to test your spatial skills.

FIGURE 17-7: A simple jigsaw example.

FIGURE 17-8: Putting pieces together with rotation.

FIGURE 17-9: A harder example of spatial rotation.

FIGURE 17-10: Practice mentally rotating and relocating pieces of puzzles.

FIGURE 17-11: Putting the pieces of the puzzle together with your mental spatia...

Guide

Cover

Title Page

Copyright

Table of Contents

Begin Reading

Index

Appendix A: Matching ASVAB Scores to Military Jobs

Appendix B: Countdown to Taking the ASVAB

Appendix C: Word Knowledge Resources

About the Author

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Introduction

If you’re reading this book, there’s a good chance that you want to join the United States military. Perhaps it’s been your lifelong dream to drive a tank, fire a machine gun, or blow things up (legally). Maybe you’ve always wanted to learn how to cook for 2,000 people at a time. Possibly you were attracted to the military because of education and training opportunities, the chance to travel, or huge enlistment bonuses. In any event, by now you’ve discovered that you can’t just walk into a recruiter’s office and say, “Hey, I’m here. Sign me up!” These days, you have to pass the ASVAB.

The ASVAB (short for Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery) is unlike any test you’ve ever taken. It covers standard academic areas, such as math and English, but it also measures your knowledge of mechanics, electronics, science, and assembling objects.

The good news is that you need to do well on some of the subtests but not necessarily all of them. In this book, you find out what you need to know to do well on all the subtests. You also get the information you need to figure out which subtests require good scores for your dream job. I include charts and tables that tie together military jobs and test scores, information you may see on the test, and even practice questions in each area to help you determine how much you need to study to get the right scores for your personal goals.

About This Book

The computer enlistment version of the ASVAB has ten separate subtests that result in a total of nine scores, and the paper version of the test has nine subtests to provide you with those same nine scores (two of the subtests are combined). This book shows you what to expect on each subtest, offers strategies for studying each subject area, gives you test-taking (and guessing) tips, and provides three full-length practice tests that help you determine your strengths and weaknesses. These practice tests also help you prepare mentally for taking the real test — you can use them to get in the zone. I’ve thrown in two extra tests that cover the four most important subtests of the ASVAB that make up the AFQT (Armed Forces Qualification Test) score at no extra cost.

Although much of the material covered on the ASVAB is taught in practically every high school in the country, you may have slept through part of the info or performed a major brain-dump as soon as the ink was dry on your diploma. For that reason, you also get a basic review of the relevant subject areas to help refresh your memory, as well as some pointers on where to find more information if you need it.

Foolish Assumptions

While writing and revising this book, I made a few assumptions about you — namely, who you are and why you picked up this book. I assume the following:

You’ve come here for test-taking tips and other helpful information. You may be a nervous test-taker.

You want to take a few ASVAB practice tests to measure your current knowledge in various subject areas to help you develop a study plan.

You want the military job of your dreams, and passing the ASVAB (or certain sections of it) is really important to you.

You’re in a high school that participates in the ASVAB Career Exploration Program, and you want to know what to expect on the test.

Icons Used in This Book

Throughout this book, you find icons that help you use the material in this book. Here’s a rundown of what they mean:

This icon alerts you to helpful hints regarding the ASVAB. Tips can help you save time and avoid frustration.

This icon reminds you of important information you should read carefully.

This icon flags actions and ideas that may prove hazardous to your plans of conquering the ASVAB. Often, this icon accompanies common mistakes or misconceptions people have about the ASVAB or questions on the test.

This icon points out information that is interesting, enlightening, or in-depth but that isn’t necessary for you to read.

This icon points out sample test questions that appear in review chapters.

Beyond the Book

In addition to what you’re reading right now, this book comes with a free access-anywhere Cheat Sheet that includes tips to help you prepare for the ASVAB. To get this Cheat Sheet, simply go to www.dummies.com and type ASVAB For Dummies Cheat Sheet in the Search box.

You also get access to seven full-length online practice tests (six ASVAB and one AFQT) and hundreds of flashcards. To gain access to the online practice, all you have to do is register. Just follow these simple steps:

Register your book or ebook at Dummies.com to get your PIN. Go to

www.dummies.com/go/getaccess

.

Select your product from the drop-down list on that page.

Follow the prompts to validate your product, and then check your email for a confirmation message that includes your PIN and instructions for logging in.

If you do not receive this email within 2 hours, please check your spam folder before contacting us through our Technical Support website at http://support.wiley.com or by phone at 877-762-2974.

Now you’re ready to go! You can come back to the practice material as often as you want — simply log on with the username and password you created during your initial login. No need to enter the access code a second time.

Your registration is good for one year from the day you activate your PIN.

But wait! There’s more! This book also comes with some helpful online videos that cover all the topics that you need to study to do well on the ASVAB. Check them out at www.dummies.com/go/asvabvideos.

Where to Go from Here

You don’t have to read this book from cover to cover to score well. I suggest that you begin with Chapters 1 and 2. That way, you can get a feel for how the ASVAB is organized (along with the most up-to-date changes on the test) and which subtests may be important for the military service branch and job of your choice. This plan of attack helps you set up logical and effective goals to maximize your study efforts.

You may want to start by taking one of the practice tests in Part 6. By using this method, you can discover which subjects you’re strong in and which subjects you could spend a little more time reviewing. If you choose this technique, you can use the other practice tests to measure your progress after reading through and studying the subject chapters.

If you’re taking the ASVAB for the purpose of enlisting in the U.S. military, you may want to skip entire chapters, depending on your career goals. For example, if the military careers you’re interested in don’t require a great score on the Mechanical Comprehension subtest, you may want to spend less time studying that topic and concentrate your study time on chapters focusing on developing knowledge or skills that your dream job does require.

I wish you luck on taking this battery of tests, and if you want to join the military, I hope you have a tremendously successful journey!

Part 1

Getting Started with the ASVAB

IN THIS PART …

Get the details about what topics are covered on the ASVAB, how your score is calculated, and the policies on retaking the test if you didn’t do so well on your first try.

Check out how line scores relate to military jobs and how each branch of the military computes those scores.

Review test-taking strategies and get some last-minute preparation tips.