Arthur's Seat E-Book

Stuart McHardy

• Herausgeber: Luath Press
• Kategorie: Geisteswissenschaft
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 127

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2013

Beschreibung

Arthur's Seat is climbed (or walked up and around) by thousands of people each year. The views from the top of the 350-million year old landmark are breathtaking. In this book, Stuart McHardy and Donald Smith interweave the tales of folklore and customs that surround this iconic hill. Review Draws on folklore tales and real life stories to create a unique walkers' guide to the famous ridges, crags and valleys that make up the hill. EDINBURGH EVENING NEWS Back Cover: Standing in the Hunter's Bog with the Salisbury Crags to the west, Dasses to the east and the great summit crag rising above, you could be deep in the Highlands. There is no sight and very little sound of the modern cityscape all around. STUART McHARDY Arthur's Seat, rising high above the Edinburgh skyline, is the city's most awe-inspiring landmark Although thousands climb to the summit every year, its history remains a mystery, shrouded in myth and legend. Quickly and suddenly we lose the sense of ciy. Through the park is now surrounded by Edinburgh, it still retains a sense of wildness. DONALD SMITH The first book of its kind, Arthur's Seat: Journeys and Evocations is a salute to the ancient tradition of storytelling, guiding the reader around Edinburgh's famous 'Resting Giant' with an exploration of the local folklore and customs associated with the mountain-within-a-city. Inspired by NVA's Speed of Light, a major event in Edinburgh's International Festival and the country-wide Cultural Olympiad, Journeys and Evocations brings together past and future in a perspective of the Edinburgh landscape like no other. A place where time does not pass but simply adds up. ROBERT GARIOCH

Leseprobe

STUART MCHARDY is a writer, occasional broadcaster, and storyteller. Having been actively involved in many aspects of Scottish culture throughout his adult life – music, poetry, language, history, folklore – he has been resident in Edinburgh for over a quarter of a century. Although he has held some illustrious positions including Director of the Scots Language Resource Centre in Perth and President of the Pictish Arts Society, McHardy is probably proudest of having been a member of the Vigil for a Scottish Parliament. Often to be found in the bookshops, libraries and tea-rooms of Edinburgh, he lives near the city centre with the lovely (and ever-tolerant) Sandra and they have one son, Roderick.

DONALD SMITH is Director of the Scottish Storytelling Centre at Edinburgh’s Netherbow and a founder of the National Theatre of Scotland. For many years he was responsible for the programme of the Netherbow Theatre, producing, directing, adapting and writing professional theatre and community dramas, as well as a stream of literature and storytelling events. He has published both poetry and prose and is a founding member of Edinburgh’s Guid Crack Club. He also arranges story walks around Arthur’s Seat.

Table of Contents

Introduction

Part I - Journeys Round the Hill: Circle of Stories

Holyrood Gateway

St Margaret's Well

Heart of Midlothian

The Antlers and the Cross

To the Hill 1

Hill of the Dead

Firth and Frontier

The Men of The North

Sword in the Loch 

The Wells O Wearie

The Sleeping King

The Giant Edin

The Gates of Holyrood

To the Hill 2

Part II - Evocations of Arthur's Seat

Journey to the Centre

Muschat’s Cairn

The Wells

Haggis Knowe

St Anthony’s Well and The Fairy Knowe

To the Hill 3

Camstane Quarry

The Crags

Murder Acre

The Risings

Dunsapie

The Wild Macraas

On The Summit

Postscript

To the Hill 4

Arthur’s Seat

Journeys and Evocations

Stuart McHardy and Donald Smith

Luath Press Ltd

Edinburgh

www.luath.co.uk

First published 2012

eBook 2013

ISBN (print): 978-1-908373-46-5

ISBN (eBook): 978-1-909912-02-1

© Donald Smith and Stuart McHardy

Introduction

From whatever direction you approach Arthur’s Seat you gain a different perspective. No two viewpoints are alike. This is partly because the hill called Arthur’s Seat is itself part of a triple peak, set within a wider system of ridges, crags and valleys which slope in long overlapping lines from the main summit towards the Firth of Forth. The geologists describe this as a Crag and Tail, formed through volcanic activity succeeded by glaciers and erosion.

While these may be the physical causes of what we see, their effect is a complex visual artwork that can be viewed in the round; landscape, painting and sculpture is on exhibit in 360 degrees. Added to this are ever changing perspectives of imagery in motion, sometimes in sunlight, sometimes through shifting mists, sometimes veiled by driving rain, and occasionally mantled by eerie white snow. By night the hill may be no more than a dark shadow, or it may be luminous in moonlight, or wanly lit by distant stars.

Ritual fires and signal beacons have blazed on the hill through millennia, while recently maliciously fired whin-bushes have snaked red burns through the black. But the present mood is more subdued; in 2012 Arthur’s Seat becomes a remarkable platform for NVA’s Speed of Light, a fusion of innovative public art and sporting endeavour. The runners of the Speed of Light project have borne glowing light packs to weave subtle patterns of illumination generated by their own movement. Forming part of the 2012 Edinburgh International Festival, Speed of Light is a new visual interpretation of the Hill fuelled by the energy of the 2,000 runners. In this way, Art itself becomes layered and underlayed with nature’s own arts.

Angus Farquhar, Creative Director of Speed of Light, has dreamt of creating a work for this particular location for over 20 years.

‘I have wanted to create a work on Arthur’s Seat since I moved back to Scotland in 1989, so it has occupied a special place in my imagination. Living in London for ten years, I travelled back north for holidays, work and to visit family and realised that I was being emotionally affected by the change in landscape and that particularly higher ground seemed to lead to a rise in feelings of empathy and belonging to that place. I grew up in Edinburgh and to almost all people who have lived there for some time; the mountain has a special place in their hearts or minds.’

The Speed of Light programme extends across seven of Edinburgh’s key festivals resulting in newly commissioned works, programmes of discussion, lectures and workshops investigating human endurance, and the relationship of movement to landscape. 

Preparations for Speed of Light have involved story-filled walks hosted by the Scottish International Storytelling Festival, and glimpses of Speed of Light, and its place in the unfolding landscape, will be captured within Arthur’s Seat: Journeys and Evocations. At the moment of the project’s realisation, this  timely publication draws our close attention to the site itself, and through the form of the walk, follows the pathways of the hill, illuminating the wealth of histories, literature, myths and folklore embedded within Arthur’s Seat and its environs.

In this book you can follow a series of journeys through stories, folklore and poetry. Each shed their own kind of illumination on Arthur’s Seat, and gives you space to form your personal impressions and experiences of this rich living landscape.

Holyrood Gateway

There are many gateways into the royal park which surrounds Arthur’s Seat, but the best approach is by Holyrood. At the foot of Edinburgh’s Royal Mile, the ruins of Holyrood Abbey sit beside and within the Palace of Holyroodhouse. More recently, the spectacular Scottish Parliament designed by Enrico Miralles has been added to the Holyrood configuration.

The common factor is the way each of these successive iconic buildings relates to the park. The Abbey still longs for peace and seclusion; the Palace hugs its enclosure in the same way that royal prerogative once shut off the whole park as a game reserve for their Majesties’ pleasure; the Parliament building is the one that reaches out towards the natural contours of the park with landscaped intention. This echoes the way in which the Palace gardens once extended beyond formal enclosures into orchards and vegetable beds, and, finally, the King’s Meadow. 

These expansive plantings were the creation of Marie de Guise and her daughter Mary Queen of Scots, who emulated and perhaps surpassed the royal French gardens of the Loire at Chenonceau or Blois. The level ground beyond the present palace wall is a reminder of this intermediate realm between wild nature and the institutions of church or state. In recent times this space has been used as a parade ground or tented village for major public events. Enrico Miralles’ parliament design explicitly links government and landscape. In Scotland, everything is defined to some extent by the mountains, sea, and unresting skies above.

St Margaret’s Well

Turning left by the Palace car park, St Margaret’s Well is reached by the low path on the far side of the main park road. Still in a medieval well house, the waters flow but are screened off by a metal grille. The park is full of natural springs and underground streams. Their plentiful supply caused as many problems with the excavation of the Scottish Parliament foundations as the benefits they once supplied to the numerous breweries which existed around Holyrood from the time of the Augustinian monks onwards.

St Margaret was a royal refugee, originally from Hungary and then from the Saxon Court of England. Educated under the saintly and learned influence of Edward the Confessor, Margaret fled northwards by sea after the Battle of Hastings in 1066. With her she brought a precious relic, a fragment of Calvary’s Cross embedded in an exquisite ebony crucifix – the holy rood.

Whether by accident or design, Margaret’s ship sought refuge from the storms in the Firth of Forth, landing near the then royal capital of Dunfermline. Malcolm King of Scots, who himself had been a refugee at the English Court, came to welcome Margaret and offer her sanctuary. The result was a royal marriage and six children from which most of the subsequent monarchs of Scotland and England came to be descended. Margaret was later canonised because of her untiring work to feed and educate the poor and her assistance to refugees and prisoners of war. In the words of the canonisation address, preserved in the Vatican,

Torn from home, you embrace another

You became Queen and Mother,

The Glory of Scots,

Your crown a Crown of charity,

Your way, the Royal Way of the Cross.

However, there are more levels to the well itself than even Margaret’s own rich story which gives Holyrood its name. It was known in medieval times as the Rood Well, but the well house itself was moved here much later from St Triduana’s Well. This was an important medieval healing shrine, which can still be visited at St Margaret’s Church in nearby Restalrig.

Triduana, sometimes known as Modwenna or Medwana, was an Irish princess who fled to Galloway in Scotland to escape the attentions of an unwelcome suitor. Like many highborn women in the early Christian period, she wanted to live the life of an anchorite or nun, which would probably have been Margaret’s own preference had William the Conqueror not intervened. Pressed by her pursuer, whose warrior honour was offended by Modwenna’s refusal, she asked him which part of her he most desired. He replied, diplomatically, her eyes. Upon this declaration, Modwenna speared both her eyes on a thorn and handed them over. Unsurprisingly, perhaps, St Triduana’s Well became famous for its cures for blindness and eye infections.

Healing takes us deeper into the history of this well for the association between natural sources of water, cleansing and healing is very ancient. The springs and wells of the park are an important part of its relationship with custom and ritual through the centuries, despite the disapproval of the religious and civic authorities.

Not long after the Protestant Reformation of 1560, Ministers and Kirk Sessions were given the power to punish crimes of sorcery and witchcraft. This may have been a political gesture to appease religious radicals who were disgruntled because the nobility had diverted most of the wealth of the old Church, including the lands of the former Holyrood Abbey, into their own coffers rather than into the good works envisaged by John Knox. But, whatever the reason, this transfer of powers was to have severe consequences.

In the 1570’s there was a serving woman, a young widow called Janet Boysman, living in the Canongate. She was a known herbalist so was asked to nurse her neighbour, Allan Anderson, who was poorly with fever. Having tried a number of remedies without success, and with Anderson weakening, Janet resorted to Arthur’s Seat by night where at one of its wells, according to her later ‘confession’, she called on the Holy Ghost, Arthur and his Queen to aid her. Once these words had been uttered, a tall, strongly built man appeared and counselled her to dip Anderson’s shirt three times in the waters of the spring and then wrap him in it. This done, the fever was broken and Anderson recovered.

However, this unexpected cure brought Janet’s healing activities to the attention of the Kirk. She was arrested, interrogated and executed for the ‘crime’ of continuing the traditional practice of wise women and healers in her long established culture. The invocation to ‘Arthur and his Queen’ strikes a genuine note, underlining the importance of the name ‘Arthur’s Seat’ in many of the older stories.

St Margaret’s Well continued to be a point of interest for visitors to Edinburgh through the generations. Thomas Guthrie, the mid-Victorian minister and social reformer, recounts bringing guests to the well where some street kids were earning a penny by drawing cups of water for tasting. ‘If there was a place,’ he asked them, ‘where you could go and be fed and have the chance to learn to read and write, would you go?’. ‘Wud I gang?’, responded one, ‘aye an thoosans wi me!’. Guthrie went on to found Edinburgh’s Ragged Schools, taking many uncared-for youngsters off the streets.

Heart of Midlothian

Going up by the side of the well onto the upper path, you begin to move away from the grassy flats onto the first lower slopes. Quickly you find yourself coming down into a shallow valley where the burn that feeds St Margaret’s Loch runs along the bottom. To your right, the first ridges are running up into the hidden folds that form the centre of the park’s contours. Ahead, the ground rises steeply to St Anthony’s Well with a small cave behind. To the left, the ground falls away towards the Loch with St Anthony’s ruined chapel standing sentinel-like above. The well is another of the park’s sacred springs and an ideal spot for the cleansing rituals of Mayday or Beltane, as described by Robert Fergusson in the 18th century.

On May Day in a fairy ring,

We’ve seen them round St Anton’s spring,

Frae grass the caller dewdrops wring

To weet their een

And water clear as crystal spring

To synd them clean

Though these customs were officially discouraged through the centuries, they have recently re-emerged in the form of a modern Beltane Festival on Calton Hill which marks the beginning of summer. But many still come quietly to the hidden interiors of Arthur’s Seat to renew their Mayday bond with nature’s mysteries.

Quickly and suddenly we lose the sense of city. Though the park is now surrounded by Edinburgh, it still retains a sense of wildness. Nowadays people forget this and get caught in severe weather or stuck on rock cliffs they considered only a rough scramble. But in past times Arthur’s Seat was regarded as wild nature and therefore dangerous. It stood against the civic order of the town. Untamed creatures might roam here and it was a haunt of outlaws and those who sought refuge from the cruelties of social and political oppression.

This is the backdrop to Sir Water Scott’s defining Edinburgh novel, The Heart of Midlothian, which is set in the early 18th century not long after the 1707 Union of the Scottish and English Parliaments in London. The story involves political riot, lynch mobs and smugglers who are heroes to some and criminals to others. But at the centre of the story are the two daughters of Davie Deans, the shepherd on Arthur’s Seat who lives at St Leonard’s Bank on the southwest edge of the park.