C# Programming Cookbook - Dirk Strauss - E-Book

C# Programming Cookbook E-Book

Dirk Strauss

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Beschreibung

Quick fixes to your common C# programming problems, with a focus on C# 6.0

About This Book

  • Unique recipes for C#, that places it in its real-world context.
  • You will be able to get yourself out of any coding-corner youve backed yourself into.
  • All code samples available through GitHub to bring C#.
  • In line with modern development workflows, written to the latest specification of C# 6.0.

Who This Book Is For

The book is aimed at developers who have basic familiarity with C# programming and will know the VS 2015 environment.

What You Will Learn

  • Write better and less code to achieve the same result as in previous versions of C#.
  • Generate tests from the Code Contracts for mission critical methods.
  • Integrate code in Visual Studio with GitHub.
  • Create a web application in Azure.
  • Design and build a microservice architecture
  • Demystify the Rx library using Reactive extensions
  • Write high performing codes in C# and understanding multi-threading.
  • Security and Debugging.
  • Implement Code Contracts on code in Visual Studio.

In Detail

During your application development workflow, there is always a moment when you need to get out of a tight spot. Through a recipe-based approach, this book will help you overcome common programming problems and get your applications ready to face the modern world.

We start with C# 6, giving you hands-on experience with the new language features. Next, we work through the tasks that you perform on a daily basis such as working with strings, generics, and lots more. Gradually, we move on to more advanced topics such as the concept of object-oriented programming, asynchronous programming, reactive extensions, and code contracts.

You will learn responsive high performance programming in C# and how to create applications with Azure. Next, we will review the choices available when choosing a source control solution. At the end of the book, we will show you how to create secure and robust code, and will help you ramp up your skills when using the new version of C# 6 and Visual Studio

Style and Approach

Unique recipe-based guide that will help you gain a solid understanding of the new concepts in C# 6 and Visual Studio Enterprise 2015 in a concise and technically correct manner.

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Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2016

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Table of Contents

C# Programming Cookbook
Credits
About the Author
Acknowledgements
About the Reviewer
www.PacktPub.com
eBooks, discount offers, and more
Why Subscribe?
Preface
What this book covers
What you need for this book
Who this book is for
Sections
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
There's more…
See also
Conventions
Reader feedback
Customer support
Downloading the example code
Downloading the color images of this book
Errata
Piracy
Questions
1. New Features in C# 6.0
Introduction
Creating your Visual Studio project
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
String interpolation
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Null-conditional operator
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Initializers for auto-implemented properties and getter-only auto properties
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Index initializers
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
The nameof expressions
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Expression-bodied functions and properties
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Using static
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Exception filters
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Using await operator in catch and finally blocks
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
2. Classes and Generics
Introduction
Creating and implementing an abstract class
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Creating and implementing an interface
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Creating and using a generic class or method
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Creating and using a generic interface
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
3. Object-Oriented Programming in C#
Introduction
Using inheritance in C#
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Using abstraction
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Leveraging encapsulation
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Implementing polymorphism
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Single responsibility principle
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Open/closed principle
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
4. Composing Event-Based Programs Using Reactive Extensions
Introduction
Installing Rx
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Events versus observables
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Using LINQ to perform queries
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Using schedulers in Rx
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Debugging lambda expressions
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
5. Create Microservices on Azure Service Fabric
Introduction
Downloading and installing Service Fabric
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Creating a Service Fabric application with a stateless actor service
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Using Service Fabric Explorer
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
6. Making Apps Responsive with Asynchronous Programming
Introduction
Return types of asynchronous functions
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Handling tasks in asynchronous programming
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Exception handling in asynchronous programming
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
7. High Performance Programming Using Parallel and Multithreading in C#
Introduction
Creating and aborting a low-priority background thread
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Increasing maximum thread pool size
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Creating multiple threads
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Locking one thread until the contended resources are available
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Invoking parallel calls to methods using Parallel.Invoke
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Using a parallel foreach loop to run multiple threads
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Cancelling a parallel foreach loop
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Catching errors in parallel foreach loops
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Debugging multiple threads
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
8. Code Contracts
Introduction
Downloading, installing, and integrating code contracts into Visual Studio
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Creating code contract preconditions
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Creating code contract postconditions
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Creating code contract invariant
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Creating code contract Assert and Assume methods
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Creating code contract ForAll method
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Creating code contract ValueAtReturn method
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Creating code contract Result method
How to do it…
How it works…
Using code contracts on abstract classes
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Using contract abbreviator methods
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Creating tests using IntelliTest
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Using code contracts in extension methods
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
9. Regular Expressions
Introduction
Getting started with regex
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Matching a valid date
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Sanitizing input
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Dynamic regex matching
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
10. Choosing and Using a Source Control Strategy
Introduction
Setting up Visual Studio account management and determining which source control solution is best for you
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Setting up Visual Studio GitHub integration, checking in code for the first time, and checking in changes
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
Working as a team using GitHub, and handling and resolving conflicts in code
Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
11. Creating a Mobile Application in Visual Studio
Introduction
Installing Xamarin and other required components
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Creating an Android Visual Studio project using Apache Cordova
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Creating an iOS application using Xamarin Forms
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
12. Writing Secure Code and Debugging in Visual Studio
Introduction
Encrypting and storing passwords correctly
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Using SecureString in code
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Securing sensitive parts of App.config/web.config
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Preventing SQL injection attacks
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Using Diagnostic Tools and Historical Debugging
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Setting conditional breakpoints
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Using PerfTips to identify bottlenecks in code
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
13. Creating a Web Application in Azure
Introduction
Creating a database in Azure for testing
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Creating a web application and hosting on Azure
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Using virtual machines on Azure
Getting ready
How to do it…
How it works…
Index

C# Programming Cookbook

C# Programming Cookbook

Copyright © 2016 Packt Publishing

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embedded in critical articles or reviews.

Every effort has been made in the preparation of this book to ensure the accuracy of the information presented. However, the information contained in this book is sold without warranty, either express or implied. Neither the author nor Packt Publishing, and its dealers and distributors will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by this book.

Packt Publishing has endeavored to provide trademark information about all of the companies and products mentioned in this book by the appropriate use of capitals. However, Packt Publishing cannot guarantee the accuracy of this information.

First published: July 2016

Production reference: 1210716

Published by Packt Publishing Ltd.

Livery Place

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ISBN 978-1-78646-730-0

www.packtpub.com

Credits

Author

Dirk Strauss

Reviewer

Fabio Claudio Ferracchiati

Commissioning Editor

Edward Gordon

Acquisition Editor

Nitin Dasan

Content Development Editor

Zeeyan Pinheiro

Technical Editor

Kunal Chaudhari

Copy Editor

Karuna Narayan

Project Coordinator

Izzat Contractor

Proofreader

Safis Editing

Indexer

Rekha Nair

Graphics

Jason Monteiro

Production Coordinator

Melwyn Dsa

Cover Work

Melwyn Dsa

About the Author

Dirk Strauss is a software developer and Microsoft .NET MVP from South Africa with over 13 years of programming experience. He has extensive experience in SYSPRO Customization, an ERP system, with C# and web development as his main focus.

He works for Evolution Software, but in all fairness, he doesn't really like to call it working at all. According to him, when you're having fun and loving what you do with incredibly inspirational individuals, you will not work a day in your life.

Acknowledgements

Firstly, I would like to thank my mom for giving me the opportunities I had in life. Without your support, love, and sacrifice, I would not be where I am today. You made do with less so that I could have more. As I grow older, with kids of my own, I now realize the depth and breadth of your love and dearly appreciate it all.

I would also like to thank all of the educators at the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University who are shaping the future IT professionals for an increasingly complex technological world. I specifically want to thank Professor Reinhardt A. Botha and Dr. Johan Van Niekerk. Their passion for information technology and their dedication to their students had a huge impact on me and made me the IT person I am today.

Throughout my career, I have met many people, had many colleagues, and dealt with more clients than I can probably remember. There is, however, a colleague and dear friend that has remained steadfast and resolute in his friendship, support, and mentorship. Vincent Van Zyl formed a big part of my early career and gave me a friendly nudge in the right direction when I was trying to find my way within a technology that was new to me. He was, and still is, a mentor and confidant in my professional life. He possesses a gentle spirit and a friendly nature that sets an example and truly makes the world a better place to live in. He loves his wife more than any man I have ever met and I am honored to know him, utterly humbled to call him a colleague, and incredibly blessed to have him as a friend.

Last but by no means least, I'd like to thank my wife and children. It would seem like such a cliché to thank you for putting up with me during the weekends and evenings that I spent working on this book, as this is a common theme that almost all authors thank their families for. The reality is that you all went above and beyond what was needed for me to complete this book. You guys expressed a profound understanding of what this project meant to me, which was so evident in the way your actions and sacrifices made a difference. Adele, you are my wingman, my comrade of can-do, and my rock throughout some grueling times. From the little things you did, such as supplying copious amounts of coffee in the cold evenings with an accuracy that made me wonder if you could read my mind, to the more important things, such as being mommy and daddy to our kids, fills me with an appreciation and gratitude that I will probably never be able to repay. I saw it all, I appreciate it all, and I love you all the more for it.

To my daughter Irénéé (pops) and my son Tristan (squeak), while you are still too young to read this now, you will be able to one day. I want to thank you for making do with a little less daddy time and for being patient and understanding when daddy could not play. You kids make me a better man and inspire me to face challenges in all aspects of my life with a determination and resolve I see in your eyes every day. You teach me more about life and all that is good by just being who you are. Your dreams are my dreams come true and there is nothing in this existence of ours that can separate me from the love I have for you. I therefore dedicate this book to Adele, Irénéé, and Tristan.

About the Reviewer

Fabio Claudio Ferracchiati is a senior consultant and a senior analyst/developer using Microsoft technologies. He works for Blu Arancio (www.bluarancio.com). He is a Microsoft Certified Solution Developer for .NET, Microsoft Certified Application Developer for .NET, and Microsoft Certified Professional. He is also a prolific author and technical reviewer. Over the last ten years, he's written articles for Italian and international magazines and coauthored more than 10 books on a variety of computer topics.

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Preface

Visual Studio 2015 brings a lot to the developer's toolset when it comes to creating world-class applications across a variety of platforms. The new language features in C# 6.0 provide developers with easier ways to perform familiar tasks. This book will show you the beauty of C#, which when combined with the power of Visual Studio, makes you a very formidable developer capable of meeting a variety of programming challenges head on.

Many of the chapters in this book will provide you with just enough to jumpstart your understanding of the topics discussed. Irrespective of your skill level, when it comes to programming with C#, this book provides something for everyone.

What this book covers

Chapter 1, New Features in C# 6.0, introduces you to the new features available in C# 6.0.

Chapter 2, Classes and Generics, covers classes and generics, which form the building blocks of modern day applications. You will learn what they are and how to use them more effectively.

Chapter 3, Object-Oriented Programming in C#, covers OOP, which is why we do what we do in the way we do it. We will discuss the fundamentals when it comes to this concept.

Chapter 4, Composing Event-Based Programs Using Reactive Extensions, helps you make your applications more responsive using Rx and leveraging the power of providing real-time data.

Chapter 5, Create Microservices on Azure Service Fabric, shows how you can break away from the traditional approach to developing applications. Instead of one single monolithic application, microservices break an application up into smaller bits that can function on their own.

Chapter 6, Making Apps Responsive with Asynchronous Programming, covers using asynchronous programming to never let your application lock up because it is waiting for a long running task to complete.

Chapter 7, High Performance Programming Using Parallel and Multithreading in C#, demonstrates how you can make good use of the performance provided by today's multicore CPUs.

Chapter 8, Code Contracts, deals with writing robust code that will validate the correctness of data being passed to a method. We will also cover code contracts, which allow developers to write better code.

Chapter 9, Regular Expressions, covers regex, which is a technology that is baked into the .NET Framework and is often overlooked in most books. Understanding it better will go a long way toward adding value to your skillset.

Chapter 10, Choosing and Using a Source Control Strategy, delves into the different strategies that different developers in different situations require when it comes to using source control.

Chapter 11, Creating a Mobile Application in Visual Studio, discusses what you can do with Visual Studio, which has made it possible to make developing mobile applications across multiple platforms within reach for practically any developer.

Chapter 12, Writing Secure Code and Debugging in Visual Studio, emphasizes how being able to write more secure code will set your application apart from others. Being able to debug like a boss will set you apart from the rest.

Chapter 13, Creating a Web Application in Azure, demonstrates just how easy it is to create a web application in Azure.

What you need for this book

To complete the code samples in this book, you will need a copy of Visual Studio 2015 or later. Most other required components can be installed via NuGet.

Who this book is for

This book is aimed at developers who have basic familiarity with C# programming and know the VS 2015 environment.

Sections

In this book, you will find several headings that appear frequently (Getting ready, How to do it, How it works, There's more, and See also).

To give clear instructions on how to complete a recipe, we use these sections as follows:

Getting ready

This section tells you what to expect in the recipe, and describes how to set up any software or any preliminary settings required for the recipe.

How to do it…

This section contains the steps required to follow the recipe.

How it works…

This section usually consists of a detailed explanation of what happened in the previous section.

There's more…

This section consists of additional information about the recipe in order to make the reader more knowledgeable about the recipe.

See also

This section provides helpful links to other useful information for the recipe.

Conventions

In this book, you will find a number of text styles that distinguish between different kinds of information. Here are some examples of these styles and an explanation of their meaning.

Code words in text, database table names, folder names, filenames, file extensions, pathnames, dummy URLs, user input, and Twitter handles are shown as follows: "Add a class called CSharpSix. Add a property to this class called FavoriteFeature."

A block of code is set as follows:

public class CSharpSix { public string FavoriteFeature { get; set; } }

Any command-line input or output is written as follows:

PM> Install-Package System.Reactive.Windows.Forms

New terms and important words are shown in bold. Words that you see on the screen, for example, in menus or dialog boxes, appear in the text like this: "Start Visual Studio 2015 and click on the File menu. Then, click on New and then select Project."

Note

Warnings or important notes appear in a box like this.

Tip

Tips and tricks appear like this.

Reader feedback

Feedback from our readers is always welcome. Let us know what you think about this book—what you liked or disliked. Reader feedback is important for us as it helps us develop titles that you will really get the most out of.

To send us general feedback, simply e-mail <[email protected]>, and mention the book's title in the subject of your message.

If there is a topic that you have expertise in and you are interested in either writing or contributing to a book, see our author guide at www.packtpub.com/authors.

Customer support

Now that you are the proud owner of a Packt book, we have a number of things to help you to get the most from your purchase.

Downloading the example code

You can download the example code files for this book from your account at http://www.packtpub.com. If you purchased this book elsewhere, you can visit http://www.packtpub.com/support and register to have the files e-mailed directly to you.

You can download the code files by following these steps:

Log in or register to our website using your e-mail address and password.Hover the mouse pointer on the SUPPORT tab at the top.Click on Code Downloads & Errata.Enter the name of the book in the Search box.Select the book for which you're looking to download the code files.Choose from the drop-down menu where you purchased this book from.Click on Code Download.

You can also download the code files by clicking on the Code Files button on the book's webpage at the Packt Publishing website. This page can be accessed by entering the book's name in the Search box. Please note that you need to be logged in to your Packt account.

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WinRAR / 7-Zip for WindowsZipeg / iZip / UnRarX for Mac7-Zip / PeaZip for Linux

The code bundle for the book is also hosted on GitHub at https://github.com/PacktPublishing/CSharp-Programming-Cookbook. We also have other code bundles from our rich catalog of books and videos available at https://github.com/PacktPublishing/. Check them out!

Downloading the color images of this book

We also provide you with a PDF file that has color images of the screenshots/diagrams used in this book. The color images will help you better understand the changes in the output. You can download this file from https://www.packtpub.com/sites/default/files/downloads/CSharpProgrammingCookbook_ColorImages.pdf.

Errata

Although we have taken every care to ensure the accuracy of our content, mistakes do happen. If you find a mistake in one of our books—maybe a mistake in the text or the code—we would be grateful if you could report this to us. By doing so, you can save other readers from frustration and help us improve subsequent versions of this book. If you find any errata, please report them by visiting http://www.packtpub.com/submit-errata, selecting your book, clicking on the Errata Submission Form link, and entering the details of your errata. Once your errata are verified, your submission will be accepted and the errata will be uploaded to our website or added to any list of existing errata under the Errata section of that title.

To view the previously submitted errata, go to https://www.packtpub.com/books/content/support and enter the name of the book in the search field. The required information will appear under the Errata section.

Piracy

Piracy of copyrighted material on the Internet is an ongoing problem across all media. At Packt, we take the protection of our copyright and licenses very seriously. If you come across any illegal copies of our works in any form on the Internet, please provide us with the location address or website name immediately so that we can pursue a remedy.

Please contact us at <[email protected]> with a link to the suspected pirated material.

We appreciate your help in protecting our authors and our ability to bring you valuable content.

Questions

If you have a problem with any aspect of this book, you can contact us at <[email protected]>, and we will do our best to address the problem.

Chapter 1. New Features in C# 6.0

In this chapter, we will cover the following recipes with regard to the new features of C# 6.0:

Creating your Visual Studio projectString interpolationNull-conditional operatorInitializers for auto-implemented properties and getter-only auto propertiesIndex initializersThe nameof expressionsExpression-bodied functions and propertiesUsing staticException filtersUsing await operator in catch and finally blocks

Introduction

C# as a programming language first appeared in 2000. Its development team is led by the prominent Danish software engineer Anders Hejlsberg. He is the lead architect of C# and core developer of TypeScript. The C# programming language is simple to use, and this book will deal with C# 6.0, which was released on 20 July, 2015.

Knowing what new language features are available in C# 6.0 will not only make you a more effective developer, but will also allow you to implement the latest and best practices in the software that you create. A little-known fact is that C# was actually called C-like Object Oriented Language (Cool) before its release at Microsoft's Professional Developers Conference in July 2000, but was changed to C# at the time of its release.

The name might have changed, but C# remains a very cool language to learn and use. This chapter will take you through the new features of C# 6.0 and illustrate how to effectively use these features in you daily programming tasks.

Creating your Visual Studio project

The Visual Studio project that you will create will be used to add the classes that contain the code samples in each recipe of this book. The project will be a simple console application that will call into static classes that do the work of illustrating the recipe code and outputting the results (if any) to the console window.

Getting ready

To step through the recipes in this book, you will need a copy of Visual Studio 2015. If you do not have a copy of Visual Studio 2015, you can download a free copy of Visual Studio 2015 Community from https://www.visualstudio.com/en-us/products/visual-studio-community-vs.aspx.

You can also compare editions of Visual Studio 2015 by navigating to https://www.visualstudio.com/en-us/products/compare-visual-studio-2015-products-vs.aspx.

After you have downloaded and installed Visual Studio 2015, create a new console application that will contain the recipes illustrated in this book.

How to do it…

Start Visual Studio 2015 and click on the File menu. Then, click on New and then select Project. You can also use the Ctrl + Shift + N keyboard shortcut:From the New Project dialog screen, select Console Application, which can be found by going to Installed | Templates | Visual C# | Windows | Classic Desktop in the tree view to the left. You can call your console application CodeSamples:

Note

You will notice that the selected framework is .NET Framework 4.6.1, which is selected by default. Leave this framework selected when creating your project.

Visual Studio now creates your console application, which we will use to create all the code samples needed for this book.

How it works…

This console application will form the base of the recipes in this book. Each recipe can be individually added to this console application. A recipe, therefore, can function on its own without the need to create a previous recipe. You can also easily separate any custom code you might want to add and experiment with. It is also recommended that you play around with the code by adding classes of your own.