Ions in Solution and their Solvation E-Book

Yizhak Marcus

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 634

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2015

Beschreibung

The book starts with an exposition of the relevant properties of ions and continues with a description of their solvation in the gas phase. The book contains a large amount of factual information in the form of extensive tables of critically examined data and illustrations of the points made throughout. It covers: * the relevant properties of prospective liquid solvents for the ions * the process of the transfer of ions from the gas phase into a liquid where they are solvated * various aspects of the solutions of the ions, such as structural and transport ones and the effects of the ions on the solvent dynamics and structure * what happens in cases where the solvent is a mixture selective solvation takes place * applications of the concepts expounded previously in fields such as electrochemistry, hydrometallurgy, separation chemistry, biophysics, and synthetic methods

Leseprobe

IONS IN SOLUTION AND THEIR SOLVATION

Yizhak Marcus

Hebrew University of Jerusalem

Copyright © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved

Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New JerseyPublished simultaneously in Canada

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:

Marcus, Y.  Ions in solution and their solvation / Yizhak Marcus.    pages  cm  Includes indexes.

  ISBN 978-1-118-88914-5 (cloth)1. Ionic solutions.  2. Ions.  3. Solution (Chemistry)  4. Solvation.  I. Title.  QD561 .M3365  541′.372–dc23    2015020563

Cover credits: Art courtesy of the author & Background Image: Roman Okopny/iStockphoto

PREFACE

Thirty years ago, my book Ion Solvation was published, which became very popular and has been since then extensively cited, in particular for the numerical data concerning the properties of ions. However, much has happened during these years regarding experimental and computer simulation results pertinent to this subject as well as regarding physicochemical insights of the interactions that occur between ions and their surrounding solvents and other solutes too. It is therefore high time for an updated and revised edition of the early book to be available to scientists and engineers who deal with ions in solution. It is expected that the present book fulfills its mission to provide the needed up-to-date information.

It is appropriate to quote here some passages from the preface of my earlier book. “My main purpose … on the one hand is to look back on what has been accomplished in a given field, organize it in an orderly fashion, and present it in a comprehensible and unified manner. On the other hand, I use this opportunity to locate gaps in our knowledge, and either fill these with new research while the book is being written, or to do this to the best of my ability in the course of time.” The latter purposes I still pursue in spite of a rather advanced age.

A further quotation from the preface of my earlier book is as true at the present time as, if not even more so than, at the time my earlier book was written. “University research nowadays … is not conducive to the carrying out of extensive and systematic sets of measurements of high accuracy on the properties of systems. Both from the stand point of student interest and from that of the necessary financial support, work on systems that are not of immediate practical importance … is not encouraged.” Still, impressive amounts of work of high quality are produced in universities too, and where relevant have found their way into the present book.

Numerical tables were an essential part of my earlier book on ion solvation and are also necessarily so in the present book on ions in solution and their solvation. These are interspersed in the places in the text where the quantities are being discussed, rather than being relegated to appendices, although the tables may disrupt the smooth flow of the text. Their provision, it is hoped, should make the present book as useful as a source book of data as was its predecessor. However, it must be stressed that there are some newer and corrected numerical data, for example, the CODATA thermochemical compilations or data examined by the European Commission on Atomic Energy that could not find their way into the preset book. Readers are also encouraged to look up recent volumes of the Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data for the latest critically examined values.

The significance of ions in solution and of their solvation is dealt with in the introductory chapter, which also describes the organization of the material in the chapters, as is also reflected in the list of contents.

It remains for me to express my appreciation of my university, of which I am now an emeritus professor for 15 years, which has provided me with the facilities required for doing nonlaboratory research and for writing reviews and books. The academic environment and discussions with colleagues here as well as at conferences that I attend, being supported by my university, are invaluable for doing what I have undertaken in this book.

Jerusalem, August 2014

1INTRODUCTION

1.1 THE SIGNIFICANCE AND PHENOMENOLOGY OF IONS IN SOLUTION