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- Herausgeber: Packt Publishing
- Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
- Sprache: Englisch
Deploy, set up, and deliver network services with Windows Server 2019, and prepare for the MTA 98-365 exam
Key Features
- Get started with server installation, performance monitoring, and server maintenance
- Develop the skills necessary to manage an enterprise environment
- Implement networking and security best practices in your Windows Server environment
Book Description
Windows Server 2019 is the server operating system introduced by Microsoft as part of the Windows NT family of operating systems, developed concurrently with Windows 10. This book will not only get you started with Windows Server 2019, but will also help you prepare for the MTA 98-365 exam. With step-by-step instructions and easy-to-understand graphics, you will become well-versed with the roles, features, and functions of Windows Server 2019.
Starting with the installation process, upgrades, and basic configuration, you will move on to explore roles and features such as Active Directory, Hyper-V, remote access, storage, and printers. The book then takes you through maintenance and troubleshooting tasks to guide you in efficiently managing Windows Server 2019. In addition, it covers Windows Server 2019 best practices using real-world examples. Complete with questionnaires, and detailed answers at the end of the book, you can test your understanding of the concepts covered in each chapter.
By the end of this book, you will be equipped with the knowledge you need to troubleshoot, update, and maintain servers so as to ensure business continuity.
What you will learn
- Grasp the fundamentals of Windows Server 2019
- Understand how to deploy Windows Server 2019
- Discover Windows Server post-installation tasks
- Add roles to your Windows Server environment
- Apply Windows Server 2019 GPOs to your network
- Delve into virtualization and Hyper-V concepts
- Explore ways to tune, maintain, update, and troubleshoot Windows Server 2019
- Study relevant concepts in preparation for the MTA 98-365 exam
Who this book is for
If you are a system administrator or an IT professional who wants to deploy and configure Windows Server 2019, this book is for you. You can also use this as a reference guide for the MTA: Windows Server Administration Fundamentals: 98-365 exam.
Das E-Book können Sie in Legimi-Apps oder einer beliebigen App lesen, die das folgende Format unterstützen:
Seitenzahl: 346
Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2019
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Windows Server 2019 Administration Fundamentals Second Edition
Copyright © 2019 Packt Publishing
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embedded in critical articles or reviews.
Every effort has been made in the preparation of this book to ensure the accuracy of the information presented. However, the information contained in this book is sold without warranty, either express or implied. Neither the author, nor Packt Publishing or its dealers and distributors, will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to have been caused directly or indirectly by this book.
Packt Publishing has endeavored to provide trademark information about all of the companies and products mentioned in this book by the appropriate use of capitals. However, Packt Publishing cannot guarantee the accuracy of this information.
Commissioning Editor: Vijin BorichaAcquisition Editor:Rahul NairContent Development Editor:Carlton BorgesSenior Editor: Rahul DsouzaTechnical Editor: Komal KarneCopy Editor: Safis EditingProject Coordinator:Vaidehi SawantProofreader: Safis EditingIndexer:Tejal Daruwale SoniProduction Designer:Nilesh Mohite
First published: December 2017 Second edition: October 2019
Production reference: 1101019
Published by Packt Publishing Ltd. Livery Place 35 Livery Street Birmingham B3 2PB, UK.
ISBN 978-1-83855-091-2
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Foreword
Windows Server 2019 is the latest and greatest server operating system from Microsoft, which combines hybrid cloud and cloud-connected workloads into one box and provides a huge list of new and improved capabilities, which have been addressed in this book.
While Windows Server 2019 is a solid release from Microsoft that addresses some immediate pain points and provides a firm foundation for future data center developments. There is a lot to learn, but there is no definitive guide besides this book that covers everything you need to know about Windows Administration. The book is not just designed to give you theoretical knowledge; it also covers how to implement this theory in practice, and it gives you tips on how to do so step by step via the exercises.
This is not the first book from Bekim Dauti. He has been blogging for years and has authored different books on Windows. His experience will help you to learn what you need to learn much more quickly.
I hope you will enjoy reading the book as much as I did.
Dr. Erdal Ozkaya
Head of Information and Cyber Security
Contributors
About the author
Bekim Dauti'sprofession is the administration of computers and networks, as well as training in Cisco and Microsoft.
He has a bachelor's degree from the University of Tirana and a master's degree from UMUC Europe, both in IT. Additionally, he has more than 15 years' experience as a Cisco Certified Academy Instructor and more than 10 years' experience as a Microsoft Certified Trainer. Bekim holds several certifications from vendors such as ECDL, Certiport, CompTIA, Cisco, Microsoft, and Sun Microsystems. Bekim has contributed to more than 15 books and dozens of articles for PC World Albanian and CIO Albania. He founded Dautti LLC.
These days, he blogs on Bekim Dauti's Blog. He works as a system administrator at Kosovo Telecom JSC.
About the reviewer
Premnath Sambasivam is a technical analyst with 7 years of experience in Windows, VMware, and SCCM administration. He is an MCSE Cloud Platform and Infrastructure certified professional. He has also developed and deployed Microsoft System Center Configuration Manager solutions to manage more than 6,000 assets in his clients' environments. Premnath is a Microsoft enthusiast who loves to learn about and explore Azure and PowerShell. He is currently working as a Projects Lead for one of the major retail brands in the USA. He reviewed the book Mastering Windows Server 2019 earlier this year, which was also published by Packt Publishing.
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Table of Contents
Title Page
Copyright and Credits
Windows Server 2019 Administration Fundamentals Second Edition
Dedication
About Packt
Why subscribe?
Foreword
Contributors
About the author
About the reviewer
Packt is searching for authors like you
Preface
Who this book is for
What this book covers
To get the most out of this book
Download the color images
Conventions used
Get in touch
Reviews
Section 1: Introducing Windows Server and Installing Windows Server 2019
Getting started with Windows Server
Technical requirements
Understanding computer networks
What is a computer network?
Types of computer networks
Personal Area Network (PAN)
LAN
MAN
WAN
Understanding computer network components
Understanding clients and servers
Understanding hosts and nodes
Understanding computer network architectures
P2P network architecture
Client/server network architecture
Understanding IP addressing and subnetting
IPv4 network addresses
IPv6 network addresses
IPv4 subnetting
Understanding servers
Understanding server hardware and software
Understanding a  CPU
Understanding memory
Understanding disks
Understanding a network interface
Understanding server sizes, form factors, and shapes
Understanding a Network Operating System
Windows Server overview
Linux Server overview
macOS Server overview
Understanding Windows Server
Windows Server timeline
Chapter exercise – downloading Windows Server 2019
Downloading Windows Server 2019
Summary
Questions
Further reading
Introducing Windows Server 2019
Technical requirements
Windows Server 2019 overview
Windows Server 2019 editions
Windows Server 2019 versus Windows Server 2016
Minimum and recommended system requirements
What's new in Windows Server 2019?
Understanding the System Insights feature
Understanding hybrid cloud support
Understanding Storage Migration Service
Understanding the Storage Replica feature
Understanding Microsoft Defender ATP
Support for Kubernetes
Support for Docker containers
What is Windows Admin Center?
Chapter exercise – downloading Windows Admin Center
Downloading Windows Admin Center
Summary
Questions
Further reading
Installing Windows Server 2019
Technical requirements
Understanding the installation of Windows Server 2019
Understanding partition schemes
Understanding boot options
Accessing the advanced startup options
Performing various Windows Server 2019 installation methods
Choosing Desktop Experience, Server Core, or Nano Server installation
Performing a clean installation
Performing an installation over a network
Performing an unattended installation using Windows ADK and MDT
Performing an in-place upgrade
Performing migration using WSMT
Chapter exercise – setting up WDS
Installing WDS
Setting up WDS
Summary
Questions
Further reading
Post-Installation Tasks in Windows Server 2019
Technical requirements
Understanding devices and device drivers
Getting to know computer devices and device drivers
Working with devices and device drivers
Accessing Devices and Device Manager
Adding devices and installing device drivers
Updating device drivers
Removing devices and uninstalling device drivers
Managing devices and disabling device drivers
Rolling back device drivers
Troubleshooting a device driver
Getting to know PnP, IRQ, DMA, and driver signing
Understanding PnP
Interrupt Request (IRQ) and Direct Memory Access (DMA)
Understanding driver signing
Understanding the registry and services
Understanding the Windows Server registry
Understanding Windows Server services
Getting to know service startup types
Working with the registry and services
Accessing and managing Windows Registry keys and values
Modifying a registry value
Renaming a registry value
Deleting a registry value
Accessing and managing Windows services
Setting up service recovery options
Delaying the start of a service
Run as settings for a service
Starting the service
Stopping a service
Restarting the service
Explaining registry entries, service accounts, and dependencies
Adding a new registry key
Adding service accounts
Adding a service dependency
Understanding Windows Server initial configuration
Getting to know the Windows Server initial configuration
Using Server Manager in Desktop Experience
Using server configuration in Server Core
Chapter exercise – performing an initial Windows Server configuration
Performing Windows Server initial configuration using Server Manager
Changing the server name
Joining a domain
Enabling Remote Desktop
Setting up the IP address
Checking for updates
Turning off IE enhanced security
Changing the time zone
Activating Windows Server
Performing Windows Server initial configuration using Server Configuration
Changing the server name
Joining the domain
Enabling Remote Desktop
Setting up the IP address
Checking for updates
Changing the time zone
Activating Windows Server
Summary
Questions
Further reading
Section 2: Setting Up Windows Server 2019
Directory Services in Windows Server 2019
Technical requirements
Understanding the AD infrastructure
Understanding the DC
Understanding the domain
Understanding the tree domain
Understanding the forest
Understanding the child domain
Understanding operations master roles
Understanding domain versus workgroup
Understanding trust relationship
Understanding functional levels
Understanding namespaces
Understanding sites
Understanding replication
Understanding schema
Understanding Microsoft Passport
Understanding DNS
Installing the DNS role
Understanding hosts and lmhosts files
Understanding hostnames
Understanding DNS zones
Understanding WINS
Understanding UNC
Understanding OUs and containers
What are OUs?
Understanding default containers
Understanding hidden default containers
Uses of the default containers
Delegating control to an OU
Understanding accounts and groups
Understanding domain accounts
Understanding local accounts
Understanding user profiles
Understanding computer accounts
Understanding group types
Understanding default groups
Understanding group scopes
Understanding group nesting
Understanding AGDLP and AGUDLP
Chapter exercise – installing the AD DS and DNS roles and promoting the server to a DC
Installing the AD DS and DNS roles, and promoting the server to a DC
Summary
Questions
Further reading
Adding Roles to Windows Server 2019
Technical requirements
Understanding server roles and features
Understanding server roles
Understanding role services
Understanding server features
Understanding Server Manager
Understanding application servers
Understanding mail servers
Understanding database servers
Understanding collaboration servers
Understanding monitoring servers
Understanding threat management servers
Understanding web services
What is IIS?
What is WWW?
What is FTP?
Understanding separate worker processes
Adding components to the IIS
Understanding sites
Understanding ports
Understanding SSL
Understanding certificates
Understanding Remote Access
Understanding Remote Assistance
Understanding RSAT
Understanding RDS
Understanding RDS Licensing
Understanding RDG
Understanding VPN
Understanding App-V
Understanding multiple ports
Understanding file and print services
Understanding the File Services role
Understanding the PDS role
What is a local printer?
What is a network printer?
What is printer pooling?
What is web printing?
What is web management?
Understanding driver deployment
Understanding user rights, NTFS permissions, and share permissions
Understanding the auditing of file servers
Chapter exercise – installing web server (IIS) and PDS roles
Installing the web server (IIS) role
Installing a PDS role
Summary
Questions
Further reading
Section 3: Configuring Windows Server 2019
Group Policy in Windows Server 2019
Technical requirements
Understanding GP
Managing GPOs
Accessing the GPM console from the Administrative Tools
Accessing the GPM console from the Run dialog box
Accessing the GPM console from the Server Manager
GPO configuration values
Processing GPOs
Types of GP editors
Local Group Policy Editor
Updating local GPOs
Configuration policies
Computer configuration policies
User configuration policies
Chapter exercise – examples of GPOs for system admins
Renaming the administrator account
Renaming the guest account
Blocking the Microsoft accounts
Prohibiting access to the Control Panel and PC settings
Denying access to all removable storage classes
Summary
Questions
Further reading
Virtualization with Windows Server 2019
Technical requirements
Understanding server virtualization
Understanding virtualization modes
Understanding Hyper-V architecture
Hyper-V installation requirements
Understanding nested virtualization
Getting to know Hyper-V Manager
Configuration settings in Hyper-V
Creating and configuring VHDs
Managing a VMs' virtual memory
Setting up virtual networks
Understanding checkpoints
Understanding VHD and VHDX formats
Understanding P2V conversions
Understanding V2P conversions
Configuring VM settings
Managing VMs
Chapter exercise – installing Hyper-V on Windows Server 2019
Installing the Hyper-V role on Windows Server 2019
Summary
Questions
Further reading
Storing Data in Windows Server 2019
Technical requirements
Understanding storage technologies
Different storage types
ATA, PATA, SATA, and SCSI interfaces
PCI and PCIe
Understanding local storage
Direct-attached storage (DAS)
Understanding network storage
Network-attached storage (NAS)
Storage area network (SAN)
Differentiating between block-level storage and file-level storage
Understanding adapter and controller types
Understanding serial bus technologies
Understanding storage protocols
Understanding file sharing protocols
Understanding FC, HBA, and FC switches
What is iSCSI hardware?
What is S2D?
What is dedup?
What is storage tiering?
Managing storage with Server Manager and Windows PowerShell
Understanding RAID
Types of RAID
Hardware versus software RAID
Understanding SDS
Understanding resiliency using S2D
Understanding high availability (HA)
Understanding disk types
Understanding HDD
Understanding SSD
Understanding optical disk drives
Understanding basic disks
Understanding dynamic disks
Understanding mount points
Understanding filesystems
Mounting a VHD
Understanding DFS
Chapter exercise – enabling dedup on Windows Server 2019
Enabling dedup on Windows Server 2019
Summary
Questions
Further reading
Section 4: Keeping Windows Server 2019 Up and Running
Tuning and Maintaining Windows Server 2019
Technical requirements
Understanding server hardware components
Understanding the processor
Understanding memory
Understanding the disk
Understanding the network interface
Understanding 32-bit and 64-bit architectures
Understanding removable drives
Understanding graphics cards
Understanding cooling
Understanding power usage
Understanding physical ports
Understanding performance monitoring
Understanding the performance monitoring methodology
Understanding performance monitoring procedures
Understanding server baselines
Understanding Performance Monitor
Running Performance Monitor
Understanding Resource Monitor
Running Resource Monitor
Understanding Task Manager
Running Task Manager
Understanding performance counters
Setting up Data Collector Sets
Understanding logs and alerts
The purpose of performance logs and alerts
Chapter exercise – the performance logs and alerts service
Starting the performance logs and alerts service
Accessing the Performance Monitor logs folder
Creating performance data logs
Setting up performance counter alerts
Summary
Questions
Further reading
Updating and Troubleshooting Windows Server 2019
Technical requirements
Understanding updates
Understanding Windows Update
Updating Windows Server 2019
Updating Microsoft programs
Updating non-Microsoft programs
Updating the device drivers
Understanding WSUS
Understanding the troubleshooting methodology
Best practices, guidelines, and procedures
Understanding the troubleshooting process
Systematic versus specific approach
Understanding the troubleshooting procedures
Understanding the ITIL
Understanding Event Viewer
Understanding the startup process
Understanding BIOS
Understanding UEFI
Understanding TPM
Understanding POST
Understanding MBR
Understanding BCD
Understanding bootloader
Understanding the boot sector
Understanding the boot menu
Understanding Safe Mode
Understanding business continuity
Understanding DRP
Understanding data redundancy
Understanding clustering
Understanding folder redirection
Understanding backup and restore
Understanding Active Directory (AD) restore
Understanding power redundancy
Chapter exercise – using Event Viewer to monitor and manage logs
Setting up centralized monitoring
Filtering Event Viewer logs
Changing the default logs location
Summary
Questions
Further reading
Section 5: Getting Ready for the Certification Exam
Preparing for the MTA 98-365 Exam
What is the MTA certification?
Who should take the MTA 98-365 exam?
Which skills are measured by the MTA 98-365 exam?
Understanding server installation (10–15%)
Understanding device drivers
Understanding services
Understanding server installation options
Understanding server roles (25–30%)
 Identifying application servers
Understanding web services
Understanding remote access
Understanding file and print services
Understanding server virtualization
Understanding Active Directory (20–25%)
Understanding accounts and groups
Understanding organizational units (OUs) and containers
Understanding the Active Directory infrastructure
Understanding Group Policy (GP)
Understanding storage (10–15%)
Identifying storage technologies
Understanding RAID
Understanding disk types
Understanding server performance management (10–15%)
Identifying major server hardware components
Understanding performance monitoring
Understanding logs and alerts
Understanding server maintenance (15–20%)
Identifying steps in the startup process
Understanding business continuity
Understanding updates
Understanding troubleshooting methodology
What should you expect in the 98-365 exam?
How should you prepare for the 98-365 exam?
How do you register for the 98-365 exam?
On the day of the 98-365 exam
Post-98-365 exam certification path
Useful resources
Assessments
Chapter 1: Introducing Windows Server
Chapter 2: Introducing Windows Server 2019
Chapter 3: Installing Windows Server 2019
Chapter 4: Post-Installation Tasks in Windows Server 2019
Chapter 5: Directory Services in Windows Server 2019
Chapter 6: Adding Roles to Windows Server 2019
Chapter 7: Group Policy in Windows Server 2019
Chapter 8: Virtualization with Windows Server 2019
Chapter 9: Storing Data in Windows Server 2019
Chapter 10: Tuning and Maintaining Windows Server 2019
Chapter 11: Updating and Troubleshooting Windows Server 2019
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Preface
Windows Server 2019 is the latest server operating system developed by Microsoft as part of the Windows NT family of operating systems, based on the Windows 10 platform.
With Windows Server 2019, Microsoft is continuing to build an advanced and secure cloud platform that began with Windows Server 2016. This vision was to bring the cloud to everyone by providing platforms and tools to help build IT solutions that drive success. With Windows Server 2019, Microsoft has consolidated its status in the world of cloud service providers by competing head to head with Amazon Web Services Cloud (AWS Cloud). For this reason, there has been no better time to become a system administrator.
This book will begin with the computer network essentials and then move into the world of Windows Server 2019. It covers all aspects of the administration-level tasks and activities that are required to become an expert in Microsoft Windows Server 2019. It begins by introducing Windows Server and Windows Server 2019, and then gradually builds up its content with the installation and deployment of Windows Server 2019 in Chapter 3, Installing Windows Server 2019. After becoming familiar with Windows Server's 2019 post-installation tasks in Chapter 4, Post-Installation Tasks in Windows Server 2019, you will start to functionalize Windows Server 2019 by adding roles to it. By doing so, you will find out what a domain controller is, how to set up a file and print server, configure a web server and host a website, virtualize your IT environment, automate Windows Server 2019 deployment, centrally manage the Windows Server 2019 updates, and many more interesting things. With the help of multiple hands-on exercises, you will gain an immense understanding of Windows Server 2019, which will help you to solve difficult tasks easily. At the end of the book, you will be exposed to maintenance and troubleshooting tasks where, with the help of best practices, you will manage Windows Server 2019 with ease.
At its heart, this book aims to teach you the system administrator's craft. In order to validate your skills and the knowledge gained from this book, each chapter ends with a concept summary and questionnaire to help you take full advantage of the content provided. By the end of this book, you will have enough knowledge to administer and manage Windows Server 2019 with ease, and also be able to pass the MTA: Windows Server Administration Fundamentals: 98-365 exam with no difficulty.
Who this book is for
If you are a system administrator or an IT professional interested in deploying and configuring Windows Server 2019, then this book is for you. Additionally, this book will also help you to study and pass the MTA 98-365 exam.
What this book covers
Chapter 1, Getting Started with Windows Server, provides you with an introduction to Windows Server. At the beginning of this chapter, there is a recap of the most basic concepts of computer networks. So, this chapter is organized into two parts, where each part attempts to provide a concise, yet complete, description of the basic concepts of computer networks. Definitions of key terms such as hosts, nodes, peer-to-peer, and clients/servers are covered in the Computer network overview section.
Chapter 2, Introducing Windows Server 2019, introduces you to Windows Server 2019. Windows Server 2019 is developed by Microsoft as part of the Windows NT family of operating systems and concurrently with Windows 10 version 1809. The Windows Server overview section uncovers the essentials of Windows Server 2019. In addition, it outlines the various Windows Server 2019 editions and compares Windows Server 2019 to Windows Server 2016 with a focus on what is new in Windows Server 2019.
Chapter 3, Installing Windows Server 2019, provides you with detailed instructions for installing Windows Server 2019. The step-by-step instructions, driven by easy-to-understand graphics, show you how to master the installation of Windows Server 2019. You will quickly learn the installation process without hitting any obstacles. This chapter is an excellent collection of how-to tips and provides information on getting the job done efficiently.
Chapter 4, Post-Installation Tasks in Windows Server 2019, explains the steps that are required during the post-installation stage of Windows Server, including managing devices and device drivers, checking the registry and status of services, and taking care of the initial server configuration. This chapter is divided into three parts: each topic is accompanied by step-by-step instructions driven by targeted, easy-to-understand graphics.
Chapter 5, Directory Services in Windows Server 2019, introduces you to directory services. Now that you have learned how to install Windows Server 2019 and run the initial server configuration, it is time to set up the very first services in your organization's IT infrastructure. With that in mind, this chapter explains directory services. Additionally, you will become familiar with Organizational Units (OUs), default containers, user accounts, and groups so that you can organize the user and computer accounts in your domain.
Chapter 6, Adding Roles to Windows Server 2019, provides a broader explanation of what a role is, as well as the importance of roles in determining the server's function when providing network services. You will also get to know all the roles and features that Windows Server 2019 supports. You will learn how to add roles to your server, as well as the requirements after you have added roles so that you can set up your server whenever it is required.
Chapter 7, Group Policy in Windows Server 2019, helps you to gain an understanding of Group Policy (GP) in Windows Server. You will learn about GP processing, become familiar with the GP Management Console, find out about both computer and user policies, and get to know local policies for when your server is not part of a domain. At the same time, you will learn the steps involved in configuring computer and user policies in a domain-based network.
Chapter 8, Virtualization with Windows Server 2019, teaches you virtualization concepts, as well as getting you familiar with Hyper-V software, which enables the virtualization of Windows-based servers. You will discover the steps it takes to add the Hyper-V role to your server, get familiar with Hyper-V Manager, and learn the steps it takes to create virtual machines. That way, you will be able to understand what virtualization is, and how you can enable the Hyper-V role and create virtual machines.
Chapter 9, Storing Data in Windows Server 2019, explains storage technologies. As well as understanding storage technologies in general, you will learn about a variety of related topics. These include physical interfaces and disk controllers. We will also explore how data is stored in a medium, the types of storage systems used in network environments, and various storage protocols. Additionally, you will get to know the concepts and types of RAID.
Chapter 10, Tuning and Maintaining Windows Server 2019, covers the best practices and considerations for server hardware. By understanding the importance of a server's role in a computer network, and learning about each server component, we can be vigilant when selecting server hardware. In addition to this, this chapter teaches you server performance monitoring methodologies and procedures. Performance monitoring will help you to identify the cause of server performance issues early on.
Chapter 11, Updating and Troubleshooting Windows Server 2019, outlines the server startup process; advanced boot options and Safe Mode; backup and restore; the disaster recovery plan; and how to update the operating system, hardware, and software. Event Viewer is mentioned too, which will help you to monitor different logs in your system, thus helping you to troubleshoot and solve problems. In this way, you will be able to minimize downtime, which, from a business point of view, is expressed in money loss.
Chapter 12, Preparing for the MTA 98-365 Exam, offers an overview of the MTA 98-365 exam, including a look at the skills measured in the exam. Additionally, this chapter contains explanations as to what the MTA 98-365 exam or Windows Server Administration Fundamentals certification is and how to register for the exam. Furthermore, you will find useful resources to help you gather as much information as possible about the exam in general, discover what it takes to pass it, and, by doing so, launch a successful career.
Appendix, Assessments, provides you with answers to the chapter questions. Each chapter is accompanied by a considerable number of questions to help you reinforce the concepts and definitions provided. With this appendix, you can check your answers to those questions.
To get the most out of this book
You must have solid experience of working with the Windows 10 operating system and have solid knowledge of computer networks and network operating systems.
Make sure you have a computer with a processor that supports virtualization technology and has between 8 and 16 GB of RAM.
Download the color images
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Conventions used
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–Verbose
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Section 1: Introducing Windows Server and Installing Windows Server 2019
The first section covers Windows Server, in general, and Windows Server 2019, in particular. It also covers the installation of Windows Server 2019. Upon the completion of this section, you will have enough knowledge about Windows Server in general, and Windows Server 2019 in particular. Additionally, you will be able to clean install, upgrade, and migrate to Windows Server 2019, as well as be able to complete network and unattended installation too.
This section comprises the following chapters:
Chapter 1
,
Getting Started with Windows Server
Chapter 2
,
Introducing Windows Server 2019
Chapter 3
,
Installing Windows Server 2019
Chapter 4
,
Post-Installation Tasks in Windows Server 2019
Getting started with Windows Server
This chapter is designed to provide you with an introduction to Windows Server in general, and Windows Server 2019 in particular. Windows Server 2019, the newest version of the Microsoft OS for servers, is the follow-up to Windows Server 2016. Besides introducing Windows Server, right at the beginning of this chapter, you will find an overview of the very basic concepts of computer networks. This chapter is organized into two parts; each part provides a concise but complete description of these concepts.
Definitions such as hosts, nodes, peer-to-peer, and clients/servers are covered in the Understanding Computer Network section. Windows Server 2019 is covered in the Understanding Servers Windows Server Overview section. Finally, once you are acquainted with the essentials of Windows Server in general and Windows Server 2019, in particular, through chapter exercise you will have the option to download Windows Server 2019 and create an installation media.
The following topics will be covered in this chapter:
Understanding computer networks
Understanding servers
Understanding Windows Server
Chapter exercise—d
ownloading Windows Server 2019
Technical requirements
In order to complete the exercise in this chapter, you will need the following equipment:
A PC with Windows 10 Pro, at least 16 GB of RAM, 1 TB of HDD, and access to the internet
Understanding computer networks
It all began many years ago when the need for sharing resources became a necessity.As time went by and demands increased, the development and advancement of computer network technologies also took place. With that, more computers were connected to computer networks and geographical distances were diminished in terms of communication. It created a need for well-defined terms and concepts to describe computer networking. Because of that, different types of computer networks, network topologies, architectures, and components have emerged.
Let's begin by understanding what a computer network is.
What is a computer network?
From my experience, people often confuse what a computer network is with what a computer network does. While the first explains what constitutes a computer network, the latter shows the benefits of a computer network. In Figure 1.1 we can see that a computer network is a group of computers connected to each other in order to share resources.The resources are usually data, network services, and peripheral devices:
A computer network is divided into different types. Let's take a look at each of them individually.
Types of computer networks
In general, the categorization of computer networks consists of the area they cover and the purpose they serve. Some of the most popular types of computer networks nowadays are described in the following subsections.
Personal Area Network (PAN)
A Personal Area Network (Figure 1.2) is a computer network that is used to connect and transmit data among devices located in a private area that is partially or completely protected from external access. Bluetooth and Wi-Fi are the most common communication technologies used to interconnect devices in a PAN. Often, a PAN is also known as a Home Area Network (HAN):
Another type of network is local area network (LAN). However its coverage is far greater than a PAN. Let's learn more about it next section.
LAN
A LAN (Figure 1.3) is a computer network that connects two or more computers in a local area. Try to understand a local area as one single room, a floor, several floors, a building, or several buildings adjacent to each other at a distance that Ethernet communication technology permits. A LAN usually utilizes a central device that uses twisted pair, coaxial, or fiber optic cables as a networking media to interconnect computers:
The next type of network that we are going to look at is the Metropolitan Area Network (MAN).Its coverage is even greater than a LAN.
MAN
In contrast to a LAN, a MAN (Figure 1.4) represents a group of LANs interconnected within the geographical boundary of a town or city. Nowadays, fiber optics and gigabit layer 3 switches are used to interconnect LANs and route the traffic among them, as seen in the following figure:
Finally, we will understand what is a wide area network (WAN) which has the greatest coverage.
WAN
Unlike a MAN, a WAN (as shown in Figure 1.5) is a computer network that covers a wide geographic area using dedicated telecommunication lines such as telephone lines, leased lines, or satellites. WANs cover large geographic areas and, as such, they do not have geographic restrictions. The internet is the best example of a WAN:
Now that we've understood the different types of computer networks, let's take a look at the underlying components that make up these networks.
Understanding computer network components
Just as PCs have components, computer networks have their own components, too. Usually, while PCs and peripheral devices are known to most people, components such as networking devices, networking media, and network operating systems (NOS) are mostly known by IT professionals.
Let's first understand what clients and servers in a computer network are.
Understanding clients and servers
Let's assume that the network resource is the point of reference for both clients and servers. Then, in a computer network, clients usually request access to resources. On the other hand, servers are responsible for providing resources and managing access to those resources. Both clients and servers play an active role in the computer network. In Figure 1.6, a server with a directly connected printer provides print resources to PCs in the role of resource requests:
Although clients and servers are the most important elements of a computer network, it depends upon hosts and nodes. Let's see how it fits into this structure.
Understanding hosts and nodes
Have you ever heard terms such as hosts and nodes and wondered what they are? Although our first impression might drive us toward thinking that they are the same thing, they are not! While all hosts can be nodes, not every node can act as a host. Hence, a host is any device with an IP address assigned to its network interface that requests or provides networking resources on the network. Usually, clients, servers, and routers act as hosts.
However, a node is any device that can receive and transmit the networking resources on the network but has no interface with an IP address assigned to it. Nodes have a network interface that is used for their management. In Figure 1.7, the PCs and the file server act as hosts, while switches act as nodes:
Now that we have learnt what a network is and its components we are well equipped to understand its architecture.
Understanding computer network architectures
A computer network architecture represents a computer network design that enables network components to communicate with one another. Computer architecture is actually a framework that incorporates many aspects, such as physical and logical topology, network components, communication protocols, and its operational principles and procedures. Among network architectures, the most popular are Peer-to-Peer (P2P) and client/server.
Let us first understand the P2P network architecture.
P2P network architecture
P2P, often known as a workgroup, is a computer network (see Figure 1.8) in which hosts do not have predefined roles. Instead, they change roles from client to server, and vice versa, based on their actual activities on the network. For example, if PC1 is requesting resources from PC2, then PC1 acts as the client and PC2 acts as the server. If PC2 requests resources from PC1, then PC2 acts as a client and PC1 acts as the server. Usually, PANs represent the best examples of P2P computer networks:
The next type of network architecture is the Client/Server architecture.
