Building a Quadcopter with Arduino - Vasilis Tzivaras - E-Book

Building a Quadcopter with Arduino E-Book

Vasilis Tzivaras

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Beschreibung

Design, build, and fly your personal quadcopter using market electronics to capture incredible photographs and record phenomenal videos

About This Book

  • Grasp the knowledge required to assemble your drone with light and cost effective materials
  • Enlighten your understanding about the flight by performing step-by-step pre-flight adjustments and acquiring the instructions for a safe flight
  • Get the best tips to deal with performance issues related to your quadcopter

Who This Book Is For

This book is intended for hobbyists who are looking forward to fulfill their dream of flying a quadcopter clearly made by them. Some basic experience in electronic circuits and aerial vehicles will make it easier for you, however it isn't mandatory.

What You Will Learn

  • Review and choose the most suitable material for the build
  • Set up and calibrate all of your electronic parts
  • Control and fly your quadcopter taking into account the weather conditions
  • Maintain your vehicle as much as possible and repair it whenever required
  • Engineer the structure of your vehicle
  • Develop a flight controller with its basic principles
  • Eliminate possible malfunctions in the future
  • Repair your drone if it crashes or faces any damage

In Detail

Quadcopters, also known as quadrotors, are gaining more and more popularity in today's world. With the help of these devices, anyone can have an “eye in the sky” and can monitor any place at any time. You can capture photographs and once a while and perform automated tasks. In this book, you will be informed about all the basic modules and electronics needed to fly a simple quadcopter. You'll delve deep to create a fully-functional quadcopter quickly with the help of Arduino boards. Through this book, you'll develop the skills needed to build a DIY drone that can capture pictures and record videos.

Style and approach

This is an easy-to-follow guide with pictorial depictions and technical descriptions to assemble your vehicle.

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Seitenzahl: 99

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2016

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Table of Contents

Building a Quadcopter with Arduino
Credits
About the Author
About the Reviewer
www.PacktPub.com
Support files, eBooks, discount offers, and more
Why subscribe?
Free access for Packt account holders
Preface
What this book covers
What you need for this book
Who this book is for
Conventions
Reader feedback
Customer support
Downloading the color images of this book
Errata
Piracy
Questions
1. Introduction to Quadcopters
Basic components
Basic categories
Fully remote-controlled vehicles (fully RCV)
Hybrid remote-controlled vehicles (hybrid RCV)
Autonomous flying vehicles
Different frame shapes
Flight dynamics
Applications
Research platform
Commercial use
Military and law enforcement
Future potential
Comparison with other aerial vehicles
Difference between quadcopters and airplanes
Difference between quadcopters and helicopters
Summary
2. Hardware Overview
Radio transmitter and receiver (TX/RX)
Motors and propellers
Common motor specifications
Choosing a motor
Choosing an appropriate propeller
Choosing the right dimension
Choosing the right material
Gathering more information
Electronic speed controllers
Choosing the appropriate ESC
Battery and charger
Choosing a battery
Choosing a compatible charger
Power distribution boards
Radio transmitter and receiver
Summary
3. Creating a Frame
Market versus DIY
Materials
Wood
Aluminium
Carbon fiber
Plastic
Conclusion
Frame shapes
The X shape
The plus shape
The H shape
The racing shape
The stability shape
Summary
4. Soldering the Electronics
Bullet connectors
Motors
ESC
Soldering a banana connection
Stripping the wire
Soldering a banana connector
Soldering a T connector
Soldering the PDB
Summary
5. Electronics Installation
Motor installation
Mounting the propeller
Installing the ESC
Connecting the receiver
Powering up
Summary
6. Flight Controller Setup
About Mission Planner
Uploading firmware
Connecting ArduPilot
Calibrating ArduPilot
Step 1 – frame type
Step 2 – accelerometer calibration
Step 3 – compass calibration
Step 4 – radio calibration
Summary
7. Flight Instructions
Preflight checklist
Motor checks
Securing connections
Transmitter voltage and settings
Balancing the weight
Location and environment
Signal interference
Long distance flights
Unscheduled landings
Summary
8. Cameras and Extra Functions
Camera for photographs
Position in relation to other components
Vibrations
Camera for FPV
Failsafe parachute landing
Servo mechanism
LED strips
Arduino boards
GPS systems
Summary
9. Repair and Maintenance
Crash analysis
Common issues
Damaged propellers
Damaged frame
Vibrations
Maintaining your craft
Cleaning the motors
Voltage testing
Summary
Index

Building a Quadcopter with Arduino

Building a Quadcopter with Arduino

Copyright © 2015 Packt Publishing

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embedded in critical articles or reviews.

Every effort has been made in the preparation of this book to ensure the accuracy of the information presented. However, the information contained in this book is sold without warranty, either express or implied. Neither the author, nor Packt Publishing, and its dealers and distributors will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by this book.

Packt Publishing has endeavored to provide trademark information about all of the companies and products mentioned in this book by the appropriate use of capitals. However, Packt Publishing cannot guarantee the accuracy of this information.

First published: December 2015

Production reference: 1221215

Published by Packt Publishing Ltd.

Livery Place

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Birmingham B3 2PB, UK.

ISBN 978-1-78528-184-6

www.packtpub.com

Credits

Author

Vasilis Tzivaras

Reviewer

Joseph Monti

Commissioning Editor

Priya Singh

Acquisition Editors

Usha Iyer

Reshma Raman

Content Development Editor

Arshiya Ayaz Umer

Technical Editor

Taabish Khan

Copy Editors

Rashmi Sawant

Sneha Singh

Project Coordinator

Shipra Chawhan

Proofreader

Safis Editing

Indexer

Priya Sane

Production Coordinator

Shantanu N. Zagade

Cover Work

Shantanu N. Zagade

About the Author

Vasilis Tzivaras is a software developer and hardware engineer who lives in Ioannina, Greece. He is currently an undergraduate student of the Department of computer science and Engineering at Ioannina. Alongside his studies, he is working on many projects relevant to robotics, such as drones, home automation, and smart home systems using Arduino and the Raspberry Pi. Furthermore, he is enthusiastic about clean energy solutions and cultural innovation ideas.

He has worked for the University Hospital of Ioannina as an assistant for various computer issues, and he has been part of the support team of his CSE department for over a year. He has participated in IEEE UOI Student Branch and other big organizations, such as FOSSCOMM, with personal presentations for website designing, programming, Linux systems, and drones.

As a member of IEEE University of Ioannina Student Branch, he has proposed many projects and solutions to automate homes and many other life problems by reducing the time of everyday routines. In addition to this, he has come up with ideas to entertain kids with funny and magical projects using Arduino-like hardware and open source software. Many of the projects can be found at his GitHub account under the name of BillyTziv.

Apart from this book, he has also worked on another book Programming in C, which is not yet published. In addition to this, he has written for blogs, forums, guides, and small chapters, explaining and sharing his knowledge of computers, networks, and programming.

Firstly, I would like to thank my entire family and my close friends, Joe Polenakis, Marios Balamatsias, and Kostis Karantias for supporting me every single day. Secondly, I could do nothing without Vasilis Megas who stood by me from the first day, assisting me while building my first drone and giving me instructions about safe flights. Furthermore, I would like to thank my advisor, Kostas Vlaxos, for helping me out with my research about drones. Lastly, everyone else who said that I could not do this; they set me a challenge, which I finally accepted.

About the Reviewer

Joseph Monti is a software engineer who has worked in the field of software engineering for more than 12 years. His programming languages of choice are Scala and Python. He is currently the director of software engineering at ZenoRadio, which combines telephony and internet-based radio to connect listeners to broadcasters. His range of expertise includes web services, data processing systems, ad serving technology, and robotics. Whether it is an algorithm, data model, or software architecture, he relishes a challenge.

From an early age, Joseph's passion for technology motivated him to build and race radio controlled cars and program his calculator to do his homework. His interests in both hardware and software lead him to the field of robotics, and more recently, quadcopters, AI, and machine learning. He is currently working on a quadcopter as a prototype platform, controlled by Arduino and the Raspberry Pi. While he enjoys flying quadcopters, this project is intended for the challenge of overcoming the complexities of flights and taking advantage of the freedom it allows. His website and blog can be found at http://joemonti.org/.

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Preface

Quadcopters have made an unexpected comeback from 1907, where all the research about multicopters paused due to stability issues. Nowadays, this kind of aerial vehicle is the perfect solution for many applications. If you want to capture a photo or record a video, transfer low-weight payload quickly and securely, or join races with other hobbyists, then you will have to buy one or even create one on your own.

As an author, I have tried to keep the simplicity of the quadcopter but also give plenty of instructions on how you can easily create one for your own application. As kids, we always wanted something that could fly and that we could play around with. Through this book, this dream can come true.

What this book covers

Chapter 1, Introduction to Quadcopters, provides information on various categories of drones, and you will be able to understand why a quadcopter is stable and can hover. Furthermore, some possible applications will be mentioned as well.

Chapter 2, Hardware Overview, analyzes every part of the quadcopter and gives some basic instructions about the usage of each component.

Chapter 3, Creating a Frame, analyzes some possible materials and the shapes and purposes of different frames, since each component will be mounted on a frame. Some frames are designed for stability purposes and photography, whereas others are used for quadcopter races.

Chapter 4, Soldering the Electronics, covers how to solder wires and create connections between different parts, as some of the electronics require further modifications as per individual requirements.

Chapter 5, Electronics Installation, contains some tips for better stability even though installing the electronics is a piece of cake. Notice that it's quite easy to damage something and have a problem later.

Chapter 6, Flight Controller Setup, covers how to set up ArduPilot, which is an open source and easy flight controller. A flight controller is the core component of your quadcopter. It contains all the software that is crucial for stability. Setting up a controller may be easy or very hard.

Chapter 7, Flight Instructions, helps you ask some basic questions and tries to make you think like a professional pilot. Your quadcopter is ready but flying is not so easy. There are many factors that you should think of before going out there and powering up your quadcopter; where you will fly, what will happen if something goes wrong, how much time you have, and so on. All these queries should be answered before flying.

Chapter 8, Cameras and Extra Functions, covers vibration issues and mechanisms that you can use or build on your own. Apart from all the basic components, there are more advanced ones that you can easily add to your quadcopter, depending on the purpose of the flight. FPV is a great way to have eyes in the sky and LEDs are necessary for night flights.

Chapter 9, Repair and Maintenance, covers how to maintain your vehicle, how to protect it from wear, and why this is crucial for safe flights. Even professionals face a crash. This is something that you will unfortunately experience, but the goal here is to estimate the damage and repair your quadcopter as fast as you can.

What you need for this book

This book is intended for hobbyists who are looking forward to fulfilling their dream of flying a quadcopter made by them. Some basic experience in electronic circuits and aerial vehicles will make it easier for you; however, there is nothing too complicated or difficult to do if you follow all the instructions sequentially.

Who this book is for