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- Herausgeber: Packt Publishing
- Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
- Sprache: Englisch
Develop games for iOS and Android using Cocos2d with the aid of over 70 step-by-step recipes
About This Book
- Learn to efficiently use Cocos2d to develop cross-platform games, and have them work on iOS as well as Android
- Get acquainted with industry-wide professional tools such as Glyph Designer, Texture Packer, and Physics Editor, as well as using the Swift/ Sprite builder implementation of Cocos2d
- Use the easy-to-follow recipes to develop as well as deploy games to the Playstore and the App Store
Who This Book Is For
This book is for intermediate game developers and especially the ones who are generally curious to find out what's new in Cocos2d v 3.3.
What You Will Learn
- Build custom sprites with custom animations for the game
- Build interactivity into your game by adding gestures and touch interactions
- Understand AI enemy programming and path finding to make games more exciting
- Add physics to your game to make it more lively and interactive
- Get familiar with the Swift and Sprite builder implementations along with Objective-C programming
- Perform hassle-free deployment of games built in iOS onto Android
- Add effects and particle systems to make the game more colorful
In Detail
Cocos2d is the world's leading game development framework for developing iOS games. With the introduction of Swift and Spritebuilder, it has become easier than ever to develop the games of your dreams without much effort. With Cocos2d, you can also deploy the game on Android, thereby maximizing profit and reducing development and porting costs.
The book starts off with a detailed look at how to implement sprites and animations into your game to make it livelier. You will then learn to add scenes to the game such as the gameplay scene and options scene and create menus and buttons in these scenes, as well as creating transitions between them. From there on, you will get an understanding of how to program user interactions such as tapping, holding, and swiping. You'll then add accelerometer inputs and physics to the scene, and make objects respond back to the inputs. A game is practically incomplete without audio being added, so this will be covered next.
The next section will include ways to add Artificial Intelligence to enemies in the game, allowing them to patrol, chase, and shoot in a projectile manner. You will then learn to use NSUserDefault to save and load game progress, and create and access files using JSON, Plist, and XML files for custom storage and retrieval of data. Then you will learn to add dynamic lighting to your game and will use industry-wide tools such as Texture Packer, Glyph Designer, Physics Editor, Particle Designer, and Sprite Illuminator to create more visually appealing and performance-optimized games.
Towards the end of the book, we dive into Apple's latest programming language—Swift, highlighting the major differences between Objective C and Swift. The book culminates with taking your existing game developed for iOS and porting it to Android, showing you how to install the Android Xcode plugin as well.
Style and approach
The book is written in an extremely lucid and step-by-step manner; it can be understood easily by anyone. The topics included are broken down into individual chapters so you can refer to the specific chapter to get answers on the subject you are interested in.
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Seitenzahl: 295
Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2016
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Table of Contents
Cocos2d Cross-Platform Game Development Cookbook Second Edition
Cocos2d Cross-Platform Game Development Cookbook Second Edition
Copyright © 2016 Packt Publishing
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embedded in critical articles or reviews.
Every effort has been made in the preparation of this book to ensure the accuracy of the information presented. However, the information contained in this book is sold without warranty, either express or implied. Neither the author, nor Packt Publishing, and its dealers and distributors will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by this book.
Packt Publishing has endeavored to provide trademark information about all of the companies and products mentioned in this book by the appropriate use of capitals. However, Packt Publishing cannot guarantee the accuracy of this information.
First published: May 2015
Second edition: February 2016
Production reference: 1120216
Published by Packt Publishing Ltd.
Livery Place
35 Livery Street
Birmingham B3 2PB, UK.
ISBN 978-1-78439-323-6
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Cover image by Siddharth Shekar
Credits
Author
Siddharth Shekar
Reviewers
Hsiao Wei Chen
Tim Park
Commissioning Editor
Ashwin Nair
Acquisition Editors
Shaon Basu
Kevin Colaco
Content Development Editor
Akshay Shetty
Technical Editor
Humera Shaikh
Copy Editor
Shruti Iyer
Project Coordinator
Sanchita Mandal
Proofreader
Safis Editing
Indexer
Mariammal Chettiyar
Production Coordinator
Conidon Miranda
Cover Work
Conidon Miranda
About the Author
Siddharth Shekar is a game developer with over 5 years of industry experience in game development. He has developed several games and published them on the iOS, Android, Amazon, and Windows Phone App Stores.
Siddharth has been programming for the last 11 years and is adept at C++, C#, Objective-C, Java, JavaScript, LUA, and now Swift. He has experience in developing games for the web, mobile, and desktop using Flash, Cocos2d, Cocos2d-x, Unity 3D, and Unreal Engine. Siddharth has also worked with graphics libraries such as DirectX, OpenGL, and OpenGL ES.
Apart from developing games, he also conducts game development workshops in major engineering colleges and is a visiting faculty in game development institutes.
Siddharth is also the author of the books Learning Cocos2d-x Game Development and Learning iOS 8 Game Development Using Swift, both published by Packt Publishing.
Currently, he is a lecturer in the game department of Media Design School, Auckland, New Zealand, where he teaches graphics programming and PlayStation 4/PS Vita native game development and mentors final year production students.
In his spare time, Siddharth likes to experiment with the latest game development frameworks and tools. Apart from being an avid gamer, he is interested in animation, computer graphics, and music, and is an absolute movie buff.
More information about Media Design School and Siddharth Shekar can be found at www.mediadesignschool.com.
Acknowledgments
As always, I would like to first and foremost thank my mom, Shanti Shekar, and dad, R. Shekar, for their continuing unconditional love and support.
I would like to thank Fiona Scott-Milligan, chief academic officer, and Syed Fawad Mustafa Zaidi, program coordinator, at Media Design School for encouraging me to continue working on the book. Many thanks to my colleagues at the Bachelor of Software Engineering Department—Asma, Salwan, Bindu, Imran, Shilpa, and Michael—for supporting me through the book writing process.
I can't thank enough Andreas from CodeAndWeb and Tom from 71Squared for their awesome tools as I would have spent most of my time developing the tools rather than making games otherwise.
I would also like to thank Packt Publishing for putting this book together. I would like to thank Adrian Raposo, Akshay Shetty, and Samantha Gonsalves for helping and guiding me at every step of the book writing process. Thanks to the technical reviewers for their technical feedback and tips; I have really learned a lot of new things in this process.
Finally, I would like to thank my friends, followers, and well-wishers for being a part of my life and tolerating me all these years.
About the Reviewers
Hsiao Wei Chen makes games for mobile devices using Unity, Cocos2d, and native code. She has also participated in a game jams, in which she attempted to create a game in 48 to 72 hours. Hsiao enjoys writing, and has taken part in NaNoWriMo, in which she attempted to write a 50,000-word novel in a month. She is also a blogger and writes tutorials and book reviews.
I would like to thank my two sisters and my parents who support me in everything that I choose to do.
Tim Park started programming in BASIC on VIC-20, moved on to C on Amiga, and then to other languages and frameworks that let him get things done. He started programming professionally on accounting systems, then on videogame consoles, and currently works on mobile and web development at Arctic Empire.
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Preface
Since its inception in 2007, the Apple App Store is still going strong with an average of almost 500 apps added on a daily basis. Out of them, almost 80% of the apps are games. Part of the reason for this is the amazing eco-system created by Apple to make the operating system and IDE available free of charge, making it easy to access for the average developer. The other part is Cocos2d, which is still one of the most widely-used free iOS game-development frameworks that makes games and app development very convenient.
With SpriteBuilder integrating Cocos2d into it, this makes it even more awesome, as now it is even easier to develop a simple prototype of a game without any code. Moreover, with minimum effort the same app or game can be run on a varied number of resolutions. Furthermore, we can now also port these games to Android without any need to rewrite the code. Cross-platform iOS game development, which was a dream for so many years, has now finally become a reality.
As Cocos2d itself has been there since the beginning of the first iOS device, the community is strong and helpful. There are also great tools that have been developed by third-party developers that make Cocos2d, an already awesome framework, even more awesome.
This book takes you through the recipes that are required to make any game. The chapters are laid out in a logical manner so that by following each recipe you will get closer to finishing and porting your game by the end of this book.
Hope to see your creations in the App Store soon.
What this book covers
Chapter 1, Sprites and Animations, teaches you how to draw sprites in a scene, add colored sprites, and render 2D shapes using primitives. This chapter will also show you how to animate sprites, move sprites, add different kinds of actions to a sprite, and also look at the parallax effect to create a more dynamic scene.
Chapter 2, Scenes and Menus, will cover how to add scenes to the game, such as a gameplay scene, how to create buttons and labels in the scene, and how to create transitions between the scenes using various transition effects.
Chapter 3, Gestures, Touches, and the Accelerometer, will discuss various methods of user interaction, such as tapping, holding, swiping along with adding accelerometer inputs and gestures to the scene.
Chapter 4, Physics, will provide examples of how to add physics to the scene and make objects respond to physics. This chapter will also look at different body types and body properties, adding sprites to a body, applying force and impulse to a body, detecting collision responses, and building objects, such as a vehicle, by adding physics bodies together.
Chapter 5, Audio, will show you how to edit audio tracks to create music and sound effects, add the background music and audio effects to the game, add a pause and resume button to the game, and add a volume slider to control the volume of audio to the options menu.
Chapter 6, AI and A* Pathfinding, will include ways to add Artificial Intelligence to enemies in the game. This chapter will also look at creating patrolling, chasing, and projectile shooting enemies. It will cover a pathfinding to create more advanced AI logic for enemies using grids.
Chapter 7, Data Storage and Retrieval, will teach you how to save and load game progress on the device using NSUserDefault, create and access files using JSON, Plist, and XML files, for custom storage and retrieval of data.
Chapter 8, Effects, teaches you to add dynamic lighting to your game, manipulate the position and color of the light source dynamically using touch controls, and add 2D shadows to the game created by the light source. You will learn to add effects to the game using the CCEffects class of Cocos2d to create interesting effects in the game.
Chapter 9, Game Tools, provides insights to using industry standard tools, such as TexturePacker, Glyph Designer, PhysicsEditor, Particle Designer, and Sprite Illuminator, to create more visually appealing and performance-optimized games.
Chapter 10, Swift/SpriteBuilder Basics, shows you how to develop games in Apple's latest programming language, Swift. We will see the differences between Objective-C and Swift in this chapter. We will also see how to import Objective-C classes into Swift to reduce the redundancy of code. This chapter will also provide insight into using SpriteBuilder to develop more robust games.
Chapter 11, Porting to Android, will take a look at how to take your existing game developed for iOS and port it to Android. We will learn how to install the Android Xcode plugin, prepare the device for deployment, and finally run the project on an Android device.
What you need for this book
To develop games using Cocos2d, all you need is the latest version of OSX El Capitan, SpriteBuilder, and Xcode. All these applications are available in the Apple App Store and are free to download. The recipes in this book are designed for iPads, so iPad 3 onwards can be used for testing purposes. To develop on Android, an Android device is required. It is better to use the Galaxy or Nexus series phones as they are tried and tested.
Who this book is for
The structure of the book is designed in such a way that it is easy to access a specific recipe and get the necessary information from it. Each recipe is self-contained and easy to follow. This book is for intermediate to advanced users who have some basic knowledge of how Cocos2d works. Although the basic concepts are covered in this book, they are not explained in depth, so some prior experience is required.
Sections
In this book, you will find several headings that appear frequently (Getting ready, How to do it…, How it works…, There's more…, and See also).
To give clear instructions on how to complete a recipe, we use these sections as follows:
Getting ready
This section tells you what to expect in the recipe, and describes how to set up any software or any preliminary settings required for the recipe.
How to do it…
This section contains the steps required to follow the recipe.
How it works…
This section usually consists of a detailed explanation of what happened in the previous section.
There's more…
This section consists of additional information about the recipe in order to make the reader more knowledgeable about the recipe.
See also
This section provides helpful links to other useful information for the recipe.
Conventions
In this book, you will find a number of text styles that distinguish between different kinds of information. Here are some examples of these styles and an explanation of their meaning.
Code words in text, database table names, folder names, filenames, file extensions, pathnames, dummy URLs, user input, and Twitter handles are shown as follows: "We will then create the _sprite1 and _sprite2 variables. In spriteWithImageNames, we will pass the filename variable that will hold the string of the filename."
A block of code is set as follows:
When we wish to draw your attention to a particular part of a code block, the relevant lines or items are set in bold:
Any command-line input or output is written as follows:
New terms and important words are shown in bold. Words that you see on the screen, for example, in menus or dialog boxes, appear in the text like this: "Next, we will give it a class name. We will select CCSprite as Subclass of and Objective–C as Language."
Note
Warnings or important notes appear in a box like this.
Tip
Tips and tricks appear like this.
Reader feedback
Feedback from our readers is always welcome. Let us know what you think about this book—what you liked or disliked. Reader feedback is important for us as it helps us develop titles that you will really get the most out of.
To send us general feedback, simply e-mail <[email protected]>, and mention the book's title in the subject of your message.
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Now that you are the proud owner of a Packt book, we have a number of things to help you to get the most from your purchase.
Downloading the example code
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You can download the code files by following these steps:
Once the file is downloaded, please make sure that you unzip or extract the folder using the latest version of:
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Errata
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To view the previously submitted errata, go to https://www.packtpub.com/books/content/support and enter the name of the book in the search field. The required information will appear under the Errata section.
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Questions
If you have a problem with any aspect of this book, you can contact us at <[email protected]>, and we will do our best to address the problem.
Chapter 1. Sprites and Animations
The topics covered in this chapter are as follows:
Introduction
In the first chapter, we will cover some basics of the Cocos2d framework so that everyone is up to speed on the concepts. We will go through the process of downloading and installing SpriteBuilder/Cocos2d. Then we will cover the 2D coordinate system that Cocos2d uses.
After going through the basics, we will cover the basic properties of sprites and how they can be added to a scene. We will take a look at how to add an image to a sprite object. We will discuss how to create a sprite that is used as placeholder asset to test basic game mechanics and collision in the prototyping stage of any game. We will then consider how to create basic shapes using glPrimitives. After this, we will move on to discussing how to move, rotate, scale, and combine actions on the sprite object using actions. Next, we will look at how to animate a character using sprite frames. Finally, we will add parallax scrolling to the scene to add more dynamism to it.
Downloading and installing Cocos2d
To create and run a Cocos2d project, you have to install SpriteBuilder and Xcode. In this section, we will briefly cover how to do so.
Getting ready
To download and install Cocos2d, go to http://cocos2d.spritebuilder.com/download.
SpriteBuilder is the official installer of Cocos2d now. To install, click on the Cocos2d-SpriteBuilder installer link. This will open the Mac App Store Preview page.
If you would like to download an older version of Cocos2d, you can go through the links in the archive section of the page and download it from there as well.
Click on the View in Mac App Store link and then click on Launch Application when prompted.
Once the App Store opens, click on Install to start the installation process. You will need to sign in to an account to download the file.
Once installed, it should be in your applications folder. Open up Launchpad and click on the application to open it.
Once the application starts, you will be asked to join the SpriteBuilder mailing list. Add your e-mail address and click on Continue or select Sign Up Later.
We will go through how to create a small project using SpriteBuilder later in the book. For now, we are ready to create a new project to work with. Navigate to File | New Project and select a location to create the project folder.
You can also select the primary language for coding. As we will use Objective-C, make sure that it is selected at the bottom.
Once you have selected the location for the project, in the Save As box at the top, give the project a name. Remember the name and the location of the project folder as we will need it to open the project in Xcode.
Next, we need to open the project in Xcode. We will first understand how to code using Xcode as it is essential to make more complex games. In later chapters, we will consider how to use SpriteBuilder to simplify our game development process.
You can close the SpriteBuilder project as it is not required anymore.
If you don't have Xcode, you can download it from the Mac App Store.
The installation process is very similar to any other app.
How to do it…
Perform the following steps:
How it works…
Click on the play button in the upper-left corner to run the project.
This will run and show the default project running on the simulator. Congrats! You have Cocos2d running successfully.
The 2D coordinate system
In case of 2D game development, we just have two coordinate systems to worry about. The first is the screen coordinate system, and the other is the object coordinate system.
In 2D, whenever we place an object on screen, we always think as to how far the object is from the lower-left part of the screen. This is because the lower-left part of the screen is the origin and not the center of the screen. That is why if you place a sprite without changing its position, it will be created in the lower-left part of the screen. The screen origin, or the (0,0) position, is in the lower-left part of the screen. If you want to place the sprite at the center of the screen, you need to set the position to half the width and the height of the position property. As everything is with respect to the lower-left part of the screen, this is called the screen coordinate system.
The object coordinate system refers to the sprite itself. The center of the sprite is at the center of the object, unlike the screen, which has its origin in the lower-left part. The center of the sprite is called the anchor point. When you rotate a sprite, it will rotate about its center because its origin is at its center. You can change the origin of the sprite by accessing the anchor point property of the sprite.
