Lipidomics E-Book

Xianlin Han

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
• Serie: Wiley-Interscience Series on Mass Spectrometry
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 1020

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2016

Beschreibung

Covers the area of lipidomics from fundamentals and theory to applications

• Presents a balanced discussion of the fundamentals, theory, experimental methods and applications of lipidomics
• Covers different characterizations of lipids including Glycerophospholipids; Sphingolipids; Glycerolipids and Glycolipids; and Fatty Acids and Modified Fatty Acids
• Includes a section on quantification of Lipids in Lipidomics such as sample preparation; factors affecting accurate quantification; and data processing and interpretation
• Details applications of Lipidomics Tools including for Health and Disease; Plant Lipidomics; and Lipidomics on Cellular Membranes

Leseprobe

Table of Contents

Cover

Title Page

Copyright

Dedication

Foreword

Preface

Abbreviations

Part I: Introduction

Chapter 1: Lipids and Lipidomics

1.1 Lipids

1.2 Lipidomics

References

Chapter 2: Mass Spectrometry for Lipidomics

2.1 Ionization Techniques

2.2 Mass Analyzers

2.3 Detector

2.4 Tandem Mass Spectrometry Techniques

2.5 Other Recent Advances in Mass Spectrometry for Lipid Analysis

References

Chapter 3: Mass Spectrometry-Based Lipidomics Approaches

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Shotgun Lipidomics: Direct Infusion-Based Approaches

3.3 LC-MS-Based Approaches

3.4 MALDI-MS for Lipidomics

References

Chapter 4: Variables in Mass Spectrometry for Lipidomics

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Variables in Lipid Extraction (i.e., Multiplex Extraction Conditions)

4.3 Variables in the Infusion Solution

4.4 Variables in Ionization

4.5 Variables in Building-Block monitoring with MS/MS Scanning

4.6 Variables in Collision

4.7 Variables in Separation

4.8 Conclusion

References

Chapter 5: Bioinformatics in Lipidomics

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Lipid Libraries and Databases

5.3 Bioinformatics Tools in Automated Lipid Data Processing

5.4 Bioinformatics for Lipid Network/Pathway Analysis and Modeling

5.5 Integration of “Omics”

References

Part II: Characterization of Lipids

Chapter 6: Introduction

6.1 Structural Characterization for Lipid Identification

6.2 Pattern Recognition for Lipid Identification

References

Chapter 7: Fragmentation Patterns Of Glycerophospholipids

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Choline Glycerophospholipid

7.3 Ethanolamine Glycerophospholipid

7.4 Phosphatidylinositol and Phosphatidylinositides

7.5 Phosphatidylserine

7.6 Phosphatidylglycerol

7.7 Phosphatidic Acid

7.8 Cardiolipin

7.9 Lysoglycerophospholipids

7.10 Other Glycerophospholipids

References

Chapter 8: Fragmentation Patterns of Sphingolipids

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Ceramide

8.3 Sphingomyelin

8.4 Cerebroside

8.5 Sulfatide

8.6 Oligoglycosylceramide and Gangliosides

8.7 Inositol Phosphorylceramide

8.8 Sphingolipid Metabolites

References

Chapter 9: Fragmentation Patterns of Glycerolipids

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Monoglyceride

9.3 Diglyceride

9.4 Triglyceride

9.5 Hexosyl Diacylglycerol

9.6 Other Glycolipids

References

Chapter 10: Fragmentation Patterns of Fatty Acids and Modified Fatty Acids

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Nonesterified Fatty Acid

10.3 Modified Fatty Acid

10.4 Fatty Acidomics

References

Chapter 11: Fragmentation Patterns of other Bioactive Lipid Metabolites

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Acylcarnitine

11.3 Acyl CoA

11.4 Endocannabinoids

11.5 4-Hydroxyalkenal

11.6 Chlorinated Lipids

11.7 Sterols and Oxysterols

11.8 Fatty Acid–Hydroxy Fatty Acids

References

Chapter 12: Imaging Mass Spectrometry of Lipids

12.1 Introduction

12.2 MALDI-MS Imaging

12.3 Secondary-Ion Mass Spectrometry Imaging

12.4 DESI-MS Imaging

12.5 Ion-Mobility Imaging

12.6 Advantages and Drawbacks of Imaging Mass Spectrometry for Analysis of Lipids

References

Part III: Quantification of Lipids in Lipidomics

Chapter 13: Sample Preparation

13.1 Introduction

13.2 Sampling, Storage, and Related Concerns

13.3 Principles and Methods of Lipid Extraction

References

Chapter 14: Quantification of Individual Lipid Species in Lipidomics

14.1 Introduction

14.2 Principles of Quantifying Lipid Species by Mass Spectrometry

14.3 Methods for Quantification in Lipidomics

References

Chapter 15: Factors Affecting Accurate Quantification of Lipids

15.1 Introduction

15.2 Lipid Aggregation

15.3 Linear Dynamic Range of Quantification

15.4 Nuts and Bolts of Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Quantification of Lipids

15.5 Ion Suppression

15.6 Spectral Baseline

15.7 The Effects of Isotopes

15.8 Minimal Number of Internal Standards for Quantification

15.9 In-Source Fragmentation

15.10 Quality of Solvents

15.11 Miscellaneous in Quantitative Analysis of Lipids

References

Chapter 16: Data Quality Control and Interpretation

16.1 Introduction

16.2 Data Quality Control

16.3 Recognition of Lipid Metabolism Pathways for Data Interpretation

16.4 Recognition of Lipid Functions for Data Interpretation

16.5 Recognizing the Complication of Sample Inhomogeneity and Cellular Compartments in Data Interpretation

16.6 Integration of “Omics” for Data Supporting

References

Part IV: Applications of Lipidomics in Biomedical and Biological Research

Chapter 17: Lipidomics for Health and Disease

17.1 Introduction

17.2 Diabetes and Obesity

17.3 Cardiovascular Diseases

17.4 Nonalcohol Fatty Liver Disease

17.5 Alzheimer's disease

17.6 Psychosis

17.7 Cancer

17.8 Lipidomics in Nutrition

References

Chapter 18: Plant Lipidomics

18.1 Introduction

18.2 Characterization of Lipids Special to Plant Lipidome

18.3 Lipidomics for Plant Biology

References

Chapter 19: Lipidomics on Yeast and Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

19.1 Introduction

19.2 Yeast Lipidomics

19.3

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

Lipidomics

References

Chapter 20: Lipidomics on Cell Organelle and Subcellular Membranes

20.1 Introduction

20.2 Golgi

20.3 Lipid Droplets

20.4 Lipid Rafts

20.5 Mitochondrion

20.6 Nucleus

20.7 Conclusion

References

Index

Wiley Series on Mass Spectrometry

End User License Agreement

Pages

xix

xx

xxi

xxii

xxiii

xxv

xxvi

xxvii

xxviii

1

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

60

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71

72

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

86

87

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

112

113

114

115

116

117

118

119

120

121

122

123

124

125

126

127

128

129

130

131

132

133

134

135

136

137

138

139

140

141

142

143

144

145

146

147

148

149

151

153

154

155

156

157

158

159

160

161

162

163

164

165

166

167

168

169

170

171

172

173

174

175

176

177

178

179

180

181

182

183

184

185

186

187

188

189

190

191

192

193

194

195

196

197

198

199

200

201

202

203

204

205

206

207

208

209

210

211

212

213

214

215

217

218

219

220

221

222

223

224

225

226

227

228

229

230

231

232

233

234

235

236

237

238

239

240

241

242

243

244

245

246

247

248

249

250

251

252

253

254

255

256

257

259

260

261

262

263

264

265

266

267

268

269

270

271

272

273

274

275

276

277

278

279

281

283

284

285

286

287

288

289

290

291

292

293

294

295

296

297

298

299

300

301

302

303

305

306

307

308

309

310

311

312

313

314

315

316

317

318

319

320

321

322

323

324

325

326

327

328

329

330

331

332

333

334

335

336

337

338

339

340

341

342

343

344

345

346

347

348

349

350

351

352

353

354

355

356

357

358

359

360

361

362

363

364

365

366

367

368

369

370

371

372

373

374

375

377

379

380

381

382

383

384

385

386

387

388

389

390

391

392

393

394

395

396

397

398

399

400

401

402

403

404

405

406

407

408

409

410

411

412

413

414

415

416

417

418

419

420

421

422

423

424

425

427

428

429

430

431

432

433

434

435

436

437

438

439

440

441

443

444

445

446

447

448

449

450

451

452

453

454

455

456

457

458

459

460

461

462

463

464

465

466

Guide

Table of Contents

Begin Reading

List of Illustrations

Chapter 1: Lipids and Lipidomics

Figure 1.1 Examples of glycerophospholipid classes. Different structures of the moiety X, which are connected to the phosphate and exemplified in the box, determine the individual classes of GPL as indicated with abbreviations that are commonly used in the literature and adapted by the Lipid MAPS consortium.

Figure 1.2 Example of lipid subclasses, which are classified based on the different linkages at a certain position or a unique structural feature of a lipid class. (a) The subclasses of phosphatidyl-, plasmanyl-, and plasmenyl- are present in GPL as a result of the different linkages (i.e., ester, ether, and vinyl ether) of a fatty acyl chain to the hydroxyl group at

sn

-1 position of glycerol. (b) The different core structures of sphingoid bases in the presence or absence of a double bond between C4 and C5 carbon atoms lead to the common subclasses of sphingolipids and dihydrosphingolipids. Other less common subclasses of sphingolipids are also present due to other structures of the sphingoid bases (see Figure 1.6).

Figure 1.6 General structure of sphingoid-based lipids with three building blocks. Building block (BB) I represents a different polar moiety (linked to the oxygen at the C1 position of sphingoid backbone). These moieties determine the poplar head groups of sphingolipid classes as indicated. Building block II represents fatty acyl chains (acylated to the primary amine at the C2 position of sphingoid backbone) with or without the presence of a hydroxyl group, which is usually located at the alpha or omega position. Building block III represents the fatty acyl chains in all of possible sphingoid backbones, which are carbon–carbon linked to the C3 position of sphingoid backbones and vary with the aliphatic chain length, degree of unsaturation, location of double bonds, presence of branching, and presence of an additional hydroxyl group.