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- Herausgeber: Packt Publishing
- Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
- Sprache: Englisch
Learn how to confidently install, configure, secure, and fully utilize your ArcGIS Enterprise system.
About This Book
- Install and configure the components of ArcGIS Enterprise to meet your organization's requirements
- Administer all aspects of ArcGIS Enterprise through user interfaces and APIs
- Optimize and Secure ArcGIS Enterprise to make it run efficiently and effectively
Who This Book Is For
This book will be geared toward senior GIS analysts, GIS managers, GIS administrators, DBAs, GIS architects, and GIS engineers that need to install, configure, and administer ArcGIS Enterprise 10.5.1.
What You Will Learn
- Effectively install and configure ArcGIS Enterprise, including the Enterprise geodatabase, ArcGIS Server, and Portal for ArcGIS
- Incorporate different methodologies to manage and publish services
- Utilize the security methods available in ArcGIS Enterprise
- Use Python and Python libraries from Esri to automate administrative tasks
- Identify the common pitfalls and errors to get your system back up and running quickly from an outage
In Detail
ArcGIS Enterprise, the next evolution of the ArcGIS Server product line, is a full-featured mapping and analytics platform. It includes a powerful GIS web services server and a dedicated Web GIS infrastructure for organizing and sharing your work. You will learn how to first install ArcGIS Enterprise to then plan, design, and finally publish and consume GIS services. You will install and configure an Enterprise geodatabase and learn how to administer ArcGIS Server, Portal, and Data Store through user interfaces, the REST API, and Python scripts.
This book starts off by explaining how ArcGIS Enterprise 10.5.1 is different from earlier versions of ArcGIS Server and covers the installation of all the components required for ArcGIS Enterprise. We then move on to geodatabase administration and content publication, where you will learn how to use ArcGIS Server Manager to view the server logs, stop and start services, publish services, define users and roles for security, and perform other administrative tasks. You will also learn how to apply security mechanisms on ArcGIS Enterprise and safely expose services to the public in a secure manner. Finally, you'll use the RESTful administrator API to automate server management tasks using the Python scripting language. You'll learn all the best practices and troubleshooting methods to streamline the management of all the interconnected parts of ArcGIS Enterprise.
Style and approach
The book takes a pragmatic approach, starting with installation & configuration of ArcGIS Enterprise to finally building a robust GIS web infrastructure for your organization.
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Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2017
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Mastering ArcGIS Enterprise Administration
Copyright © 2017 Packt Publishing
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embedded in critical articles or reviews.
Every effort has been made in the preparation of this book to ensure the accuracy of the information presented. However, the information contained in this book is sold without warranty, either express or implied. Neither the author, nor Packt Publishing, and its dealers and distributors will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by this book.
Packt Publishing has endeavored to provide trademark information about all of the companies and products mentioned in this book by the appropriate use of capitals. However, Packt Publishing cannot guarantee the accuracy of this information.
First published: October 2017
Production reference: 1241017
ISBN 978-1-78829-749-3
www.packtpub.com
Credits
Author
Chad Cooper
Copy Editor
Zainab Bootwala
Reviewers
Daniel Huber
Zebadiah K. Steeby
Project Coordinator
Prajakta Naik
Commissioning Editor
Aaron Lazar
Proofreader
Safis Editing
Acquisition Editor
Karan Sadawana
Indexer
Francy Puthiry
Content Development Editor
Akshada Iyer
Graphics
Abhinash Sahu
Technical Editor
Tiksha Sarang
Production Coordinator
Shraddha Falebhai
About the Author
Chad Cooper has worked in the geospatial industry over the last 15 years as a technician, analyst, and developer, pertaining to state and local government, oil and gas, and academia. For the last 3 years, he has worked as a solutions engineer, consulting on the State and Local Government team with Geographic Information Services, Inc. At work, he couldn't be happier spending the day writing Python and helping clients get the most out of their data through the use of the Esri platform. At home, he enjoys hanging out with his gorgeous wife of 12 years and their 3 wonderful children. They enjoy hiking, fishing, and doing nothing on a nice beach. Chad has a bachelor's degree from the Mississippi State University and a master's degree from the University of Arkansas, both in geology.
About the Reviewers
Daniel Huber has been working in the GIS industry for 20 years--primarily in the DoD and Federal business space, supporting Facility Mapping, Command and Control Systems, and Resource Management. He has held the role of a GIS analyst, developer, and system architect and has worked at all levels within organizations, ranging from field level to headquarters. He currently supports his company's federal team as an enterprise architect, designing and implementing end-to-end enterprise GIS solutions and providing technical leadership across the company.
Dan has also been a bomb disposal technician and communications specialist in the US Air Force and currently experiments with home automation and electronics solutions when not supporting his community as an amateur radio operator.
Zebadiah K. Steeby has over 10 years of experience with designing and implementing GIS solutions. His career has consisted of working in a variety of roles ranging from that of an analyst to a database administrator. He has worked on both government and commercial solutions in a wide range of technologies. As a solutions engineer, his current responsibilities include assessing customers' existing GIS/IT environments and recommending areas of improvements in application technology, system performance, and software migration plans. He also implements the enterprise GIS system architecture, including the installation and configuration of software and deploying and configuring custom applications.
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Table of Contents
Preface
What this book covers
What you need for this book
Who this book is for
Conventions
Reader feedback
Customer support
Downloading the example code
Downloading the color images of this book
Errata
Piracy
Questions
ArcGIS Enterprise Introduction and Installation
Introduction to ArcGIS Enterprise 10.5.1
How ArcGIS Enterprise 10.5.1 is different
Components of ArcGIS Enterprise 10.5.1
Server roles and extensions
GIS Server
Image Server
GeoEvent Server
GeoAnalytics Server
Business Analyst Server
Licensing
ArcGIS Enterprise editions
Basic edition
Standard edition
Advanced edition
Levels of ArcGIS Enterprise
ArcGIS Enterprise level
ArcGIS Enterprise Workgroup level
Named user entitlements
Installing ArcGIS Server
System and hardware requirements
Operating systems
Ports
Secure socket layer
Hardware scenarios
Single-machine deployment
Multi-machine (multi-tiered) deployment
ArcGIS Enterprise in the cloud
Amazon Web Services
AWS Marketplace
CloudFormation
Cloud Builder
Manual deployment using the AWS Management Console
Microsoft Azure
Azure Marketplace
Cloud Builder
ArcGIS Server installation
Before you get started
ArcGIS Server account
SSL certificate installation
Acquiring an SSL certificate
Installing the SSL certificate
Setting your site bindings
Running the installation program
Authorizing the software
ArcGIS Server initial configuration
Creating a new ArcGIS Server site
Joining to an existing ArcGIS Server site
ArcGIS Web Adaptor for ArcGIS Server
Installing the ArcGIS Web Adaptor for ArcGIS Server
Requirements
Web Adaptor for ArcGIS Server installation
Web Adaptor for ArcGIS Server configuration
Installing Portal for ArcGIS
System and hardware requirements
Operating systems
Hardware
Ports
SSL
ArcGIS Web Adaptor
Portal for ArcGIS installation
Portal for ArcGIS initial configuration
ArcGIS Web Adaptor for Portal for ArcGIS
Installing the ArcGIS Web Adaptor for Portal for ArcGIS
Requirements
Web Adaptor for Portal for ArcGIS installation
Portal for ArcGIS Web Adaptor configuration
Installing ArcGIS Data Store
System and hardware requirements
Operating systems
Hardware
Ports
ArcGIS Data Store installation
ArcGIS Data Store creation
Summary
Enterprise Geodatabase Administration
What constitutes an enterprise geodatabase?
Relational database management system installation and configuration
RDBMS installation
Creating or enabling an enterprise geodatabase
Creating an enterprise geodatabase
SDE versus Dbo schema
Dbo schema
SDE schema
Enabling an existing database
Connecting to the geodatabase
Users, roles, and privileges
The data owner account
Creating a data owner account
Data user accounts
Database versus operating system authentication
Database authentication
Pros
Cons
Use cases
OS authentication
Pros
Cons
Use cases
Managing user connections
Determining who is connected to the geodatabase
Disconnecting users
Finding locks on datasets
Preventing and allowing connections
Loading data
Storage
Copy/paste
Pros
Cons
Use cases
Data Conversion tools
Pros
Cons
Use cases
Simple Data Loader
Pros
Cons
Use cases
Object Loader
Pros
Cons
Use cases
Truncate/load
Pros
Cons
Use cases
Managing user privileges
Database maintenance
Backups
Statistics
Indexes
Summary
Publishing Content
Service types
What is a service?
Map services
Feature services
Geoprocessing services
Image services
Publishing services
Publishing to ArcGIS Server
Creating an ArcGIS Server connection
Service capabilities
Map services
Publishing a map service to ArcGIS Server
Feature services
Publishing a feature service to ArcGIS Server
Feature service operations and properties
Geoprocessing services
Publishing a geoprocessing service to ArcGIS Server
Geoprocessing service settings and properties
Publishing to ArcGIS Online
Publishing to Portal for ArcGIS
Managing service data
Making data accessible to ArcGIS Server
Enterprise geodatabase or file geodatabase?
Registering data sources
Copying data to the server
Publishing to the ArcGIS Data Store
Publishing a CSV file
Publishing a feature service from ArcMap
Publishing a feature service from ArcGIS Pro
Extending services
Server object extensions
Server object interceptors
Summary
ArcGIS Server Administration
Connecting to an ArcGIS Server site
Accessing ArcGIS Server Manager
Accessing the ArcGIS Server REST Administrator directory
Accessing server settings through ArcCatalog
A quick tour of the configuration store and ArcGIS Server directories
Carrying out administrative tasks
Adding and removing machines from an ArcGIS Server site
Using and managing ArcGIS Server logs
Log settings
Log level
Log retention time
Logs directory
Backup and restore of an ArcGIS Server site
Resetting or changing the ArcGIS Server service account password
Retrieve, reset, or change the ArcGIS Server PSA account credentials
Retrieving a forgotten PSA account name
Changing a forgotten PSA account password
Changing a PSA account credentials when you know the current password
Utilizing the ArcGIS Server REST Administrator Directory
Navigating the REST Admin
Working with tokens
Token basics
Token lifespans
Changing token settings
Generating a token
Managing services
Hiding a service
System settings
Web Adaptors
Properties
Logs
Data
The ArcGIS Server command-line utilities
Summary
Portal for ArcGIS Administration
Connecting to Portal
Accessing Portal through the standard web interface
Accessing Portal through the Portal Admin
Administering through the web interface
Changing the look and feel of your Portal
Managing content
Featured content
Customizing basemaps
Configuring the map viewer
Configuring utility services
Printing
Portal to Portal collaboration
Setting up a collaboration
Administering through the Portal REST Administrative Directory
System properties
Web Adaptor
Licensing
Logs
Installation and upgrade logging
Everyday logging
Working with Portal logs
Backing up Portal
Running the webgisdr utility
Configuration
Backup
Restore
Backup of other items
File-based data
Spatiotemporal data stores
The configurebackuplocation utility
The backupdatastore utility
Changing the Portal for ArcGIS account
Management tools
AGO Assistant
Accessing AGO Assistant
Viewing an item's JSON
Changing URLs
Copying items
geo jobe Admin Tools
Summary
Security
Security basics
Password strength
Password entropy
Password length
Generating passwords
Managing passwords
ArcGIS Server security
Fundamentals of ArcGIS Server security
The post-installation scene
Users and roles
Authentication and authorization
Keeping your ArcGIS Server secure
Using a CA-signed SSL certificate
Principle of least privilege
Disabling or modifying the PSA account
Disabling the services directory
Scanning your ArcGIS Server instance for security best practices
Configuring security in ArcGIS Server
Identity stores
ArcGIS Server built-in store
The existing enterprise system
Users from the existing enterprise system and roles from ArcGIS Server built-in
Authentication
ArcGIS Server authentication
Portal security
Fundamentals of Portal security
Web-tier authentication
The post-installation scene
Keeping Portal secure
Using a CA-signed SSL certificate
Enabling HTTPS
Disable user's ability to create built-in accounts
Scanning your Portal instance for security best practices
Configuring security in Portal
Identity stores
Portal built-in identity store
Enterprise identity store
Authentication
Web-tier
Portal-tier
Implementing Integrated Windows Authentication and Single Sign-On in Portal
Using Portal with ArcGIS Server
Benefits
Integration
Registered services
Federation
Federating an ArcGIS Server site with your Portal
Designated hosting server
Using Portal with the ArcGIS Server REST endpoint
Updates
References
Summary
Scripting Administrative Tasks
Working with data
Loading data into a geodatabase
Modifying field domains
Working with ArcGIS Server services
Interrogating a REST endpoint with curl and Node.js
Publishing services
OnServer
How OnServer works
Creating a service inventory
Determining what services a feature class is participating in
MakeMany
SLAP
How SLAP works
ArcGIS Server error monitoring and reporting
Working with Portal through Python
PortalPy
Installation and configuration
PortalPy usage
Portal for ArcGIS command-line utilities
Adding built-in users in bulk
Summary
The ArcGIS Python API
What is the ArcGIS API for Python?
How the API is structured
Getting set up to use the API
Try it live
Installing using Conda
Installing using ArcGIS Pro
Testing the API installation
Working with services
Changing web map service URLs
Creating a Web Map inventory
Displaying pandas DataFrames
Replicating content
Working with users and groups
Managing users
Managing groups
Working with features
Publishing and overwriting a feature layer
Publishing the initial feature layer
Overwriting the feature layer
Summary
ArcGIS Enterprise Standards and Best Practices
Why are standards and best practices needed?
Standards
Storage locations
Naming conventions
Enterprise database connections
Operating system-level directories and files
Services and their sources
Map service MXD standards
Best practices
Credentials
Service accounts
Map documents
Database connections
ArcGIS Server
Registered data sources
Print services
Tuning services
Availability
Performance
Portal for ArcGIS
Python scripting
Script storage
Connection files
Logging
Scheduled tasks
Storage
Lock resource access down
Moving the IIS web root
Storing ArcGIS Enterprise logs off the operating system drive
Documentation
The bus factor
Summary
Troubleshooting ArcGIS Enterprise Issues and Errors
Keeping your cool
Gathering information
Using available resources
Using the logs
ArcGIS Server logs
ArcGIS Server logs workflow
Portal for ArcGIS logs
Portal logs workflow
Tracking issues
Installation and configuration issues
Web Adaptor issues
Federation issues
Port issues
Installation logs
Permissions issues
What to look for
What to do to fix permissions issues
Web browser considerations
Passwords
Scripts
Troubleshooting in production
Finding and understanding errors
Debugging
Print statements
Debugging in an IDE
Logs
Tools to help you
Browser dev tools
Using the REST endpoint
AGO Assistant
Outage and issue scenarios
Scenario - the website is down
Summary
Preface
When ArcGIS Enterprise 10.5 was released in December of 2016, it brought with it substantial changes to the Esri web GIS ecosystem. With that release, ArcGIS Server, Portal for ArcGIS, ArcGIS Data Store, and the ArcGIS Web Adaptor became the four main components of an ArcGIS Enterprise deployment. ArcGIS Enterprise 10.5 is a complete web GIS in your own infrastructure, whether that be on-premises, in the cloud, or a combination of the two.
This book will teach you how to properly install and configure all components of ArcGIS Enterprise, including setting up and maintaining an enterprise geodatabase on SQL Server. After all software components are ready, we will cover publishing content to ArcGIS Server and Portal for ArcGIS. Administration of the many pieces of ArcGIS Enterprise is a key concept that is central to the purpose of this book; we will cover the many ways we can administer, configure, and maintain each piece of the ArcGIS Enterprise platform. No GIS book would be complete without covering Python, and we will cover several ways to use Python along with Esri libraries to get creative and script out repetitive tasks as well as quick ad hoc jobs. Security is a paramount concern in any enterprise system, and we will discuss ways to keep your system safe and secure. Finally, we will wrap up coverage of standards and best practices along with ways to use those to help you efficiently and successfully troubleshoot errors and issues when they arise in your environment.
What this book covers
Chapter 1, ArcGIS Enterprise Introduction and Installation, introduces ArcGIS Enterprise and covers the installation and configuration of all aspects of ArcGIS Server, Portal for ArcGIS, ArcGIS Data Store, and ArcGIS Web Adaptor. Once you are done with this chapter, you will have a fully functioning instance of the ArcGIS Enterprise core software.
Chapter 2, Enterprise Geodatabase Administration, walks through the creation and configuration of an enterprise geodatabase on Microsoft SQL Server. You will learn how to connect to the geodatabase, load data, create users and roles, set privileges, and configure and perform geodatabase maintenance. Publishing to the ArcGIS Data Store is also discussed along with server-object extensions and server-object interceptors.
Chapter 3, Publishing Content, covers the different types of services available in ArcGIS Server and how to publish, configure, and manage those services.
Chapter 4, ArcGIS Server Administration, is a very important chapter as it introduces ways to access ArcGIS Server and carry out administrative tasks crucial to a smooth-running environment. We will discuss ArcGIS Server logs, accounts, and how to use the ArcGIS Server REST Administrator Directory efficiently to complete tasks.
Chapter 5, Portal for ArcGIS Administration, is another crucial chapter that shows how to access administrative functions of Portal for ArcGIS to customize the look and feel of your portal, how to manage content, and how to administer various pieces of your portal through the Portal REST Administrative Directory. Backing up and restoring your portal is discussed along with useful tools to manage Portal items.
Chapter 6, Security, is a chapter to pay close attention to as security always needs to be on your mind. We will discuss passwords, methods to keep ArcGIS Server and Portal for ArcGIS secure, and the details and benefits of federation.
Chapter 7, Scripting Administrative Tasks, is the first of our hands-on chapters. We will use Python to load data into your geodatabase, perform an inventory of your ArcGIS Server services, bulk publish services, and script the replication of one ArcGIS Server environment into another.
Chapter 8, The ArcGIS Python API, our second hands-on chapter, introduces the new and exciting ArcGIS API for Python, which allows Pythonic access to your entire web GIS. We will discuss the installation of the API and how to easily use it to work with services, Portal items and users, and even features in a feature layer.
Chapter 9, ArcGIS Enterprise Standards and Best Practices, discusses measures you can take to enforce integrity in your environment and applications using standards and best practices. Security, data, storage, and scripting, among other items, can all benefit from standards and best practices.
Chapter 10, Troubleshooting ArcGIS Enterprise Issues and Errors, brings this book to an end by bringing together many things you learned in previous chapters to help you track down issues, determine their causes, and come up with resolutions quickly and efficiently.
What you need for this book
Mastering ArcGIS Enterprise Administration is written for ArcGIS Enterprise 10.5.1, but version 10.5 can be used as well. You will need access to at least one Windows server with at least Windows Server 2008 as the operating system, access to ArcGIS Enterprise 10.5.1 installation files, and licensing for ArcGIS Enterprise. You will need Microsoft SQL Server 2012 SP3, 2014, or 2016 (Microsoft offers 180-day trial licenses for SQL Server) and ArcGIS Desktop 10.5.1 or ArcGIS Pro. For Python coding, you will need Python 2.7.x that installs with ArcGIS Desktop and Python 3.x that either comes with ArcGIS Pro or can be installed separately. A Python IDE is optional but recommended.
Who this book is for
This book is geared toward senior GIS analysts, GIS managers, GIS administrators, DBAs, GIS architects, and GIS engineers who need to install, configure, and administer ArcGIS Enterprise 10.5.1. Anyone wishing to become more comfortable working with the many administrative interfaces of ArcGIS Enterprise will benefit from this book.
Reader feedback
Feedback from our readers is always welcome. Let us know what you think about this book-what you liked or disliked. Reader feedback is important for us as it helps us develop titles that you will really get the most out of. To send us general feedback, simply e-mail [email protected], and mention the book's title in the subject of your message. If there is a topic that you have expertise in and you are interested in either writing or contributing to a book, see our author guide at www.packtpub.com/authors.
Customer support
Now that you are the proud owner of a Packt book, we have a number of things to help you to get the most from your purchase.
Downloading the example code
You can download the example code files for this book from your account at http://www.packtpub.com. If you purchased this book elsewhere, you can visit http://www.packtpub.com/support and register to have the files e-mailed directly to you. You can download the code files by following these steps:
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Downloading the color images of this book
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Errata
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ArcGIS Enterprise Introduction and Installation
Since the release of ArcGIS 9 in 2004, ArcGIS Server has continued to grow and evolve. This evolution is ongoing and evident in the latest release of the ArcGIS platform, ArcGIS 10.5, released in December 2016. With the release of any new software version, comes changes in system requirements, licensing, and functionality. The 10.5 release of ArcGIS 10.5, now known as ArcGIS Enterprise, brought a substantial number of changes to administrators and users of this vastly popular and pervasive geographic information systems software package. At the time of this writing, ArcGIS Enterprise is at version 10.5.1, a quality improvement release set loose in the wild in the summer of 2017. This book will focus on ArcGIS Enterprise version 10.5.1. We will refer to both 10.5 and 10.5.1 versions, as many of the newest features were released at 10.5.
To fully understand how to install ArcGIS Enterprise, it is first important to know the structure of ArcGIS Enterprise, what it is and isn't, its different components, and, new to ArcGIS Enterprise at 10.5, server roles. This chapter will help you do just that; you will learn what ArcGIS Enterprise 10.5.1 is, how it differs from previous versions of ArcGIS, and how to install and initially configure the key components of ArcGIS Enterprise.
By the end of this chapter, you will be comfortable with the structure of ArcGIS Enterprise and capable of confidently installing and configuring it in your own environment.
In this chapter, we will cover the following topics:
What is ArcGIS Enterprise and how is it different from previous versions of ArcGIS?
What are the four components of ArcGIS Enterprise and how do they work together?
What are server roles and how do they function?
Installation and configuration of the following:
ArcGIS Server
Portal for ArcGIS
ArcGIS Web Adaptors for both ArcGIS Server and Portal for ArcGIS
ArcGIS Data Store
Introduction to ArcGIS Enterprise 10.5.1
ArcGIS Enterprise 10.5.1 is the latest version of the ArcGIS Server product line from Esri. Released in summer 2017, ArcGIS Enterprise represents a substantial shift in how ArcGIS Server and its components are structured, licensed, and deployed.
How ArcGIS Enterprise 10.5.1 is different
ArcGIS Enterprise 10.5.1 is a complete web GIS in your own infrastructure, whether on-premises, in the cloud, or a combination of the two. At 10.5.1, ArcGIS for Server now becomes ArcGIS Enterprise, consisting of the following four major components:
ArcGIS Server
Portal for ArcGIS
ArcGIS Data Store
ArcGIS Web Adaptor
The underlying technologies behind these components remain the same as in previous versions, with enhancements.
Also new at ArcGIS Enterprise 10.5 were licensing roles. Prior to 10.5, ArcGIS Server was licensed with varying levels and editions. Roles at 10.5 offer differing capabilities and types of services that can be published.
Components of ArcGIS Enterprise 10.5.1
The ArcGIS Enterprise product line consists of four software components that are designed to work together. These are as follows:
ArcGIS Server
: These are the core web services component to share maps authored in ArcGIS Desktop and ArcGIS Pro and perform geospatial analysis over the internet.
Portal for ArcGIS
: This allows users in your organization to share data, maps, and other geospatial content through application authoring (including Web AppBuilder) and hosting capabilities. Through federation with ArcGIS Server, Portal becomes the identity store for ArcGIS Enterprise, allowing for a single management point for access and authorization. Think of Portal for ArcGIS as an on-premises version of ArcGIS Online.
ArcGIS Data Store
: This is an application that will locally store your Portal's feature layer data, caches, and big data.
ArcGIS Web Adaptor
: This allows you to expose your ArcGIS Server through your organization's standard website and port, letting you easily share your map services over the internet. When paired with IIS and Active Directory, the Web Adaptor provides a smooth method for authentication and access using
Integrated Windows Authentication
(
IWA
).
A base ArcGIS Enterprise deployment consists of ArcGIS Server, Portal for ArcGIS, ArcGIS Data Store, and the Web Adaptor.
Server roles and extensions
New to ArcGIS Enterprise 10.5 was the concept of roles. Roles provide added functionality to ArcGIS Enterprise as deployed in your own infrastructure. Need to serve out and analyze imagery, rasters, or remotely sensed data? ArcGIS Image Server, formerly known as the Image Server Extension, allows you to serve massive imagery collections on the fly. At ArcGIS Enterprise 10.5.1, there are five licensing roles:
GIS Server
Image Server
GeoEvent Server
GeoAnalytics Server
Business Analyst Server
Each server role requires its own instance of ArcGIS Server and a dedicated hardware resource; it is no longer recommended to deploy multiple roles to a single server for performance concerns. Many of these roles can also be deployed as distributed servers, allowing for the spreading out of processing across multiple servers.
GIS Server
The GIS Server role is core ArcGIS Server; it is the role that provided many of the ArcGIS Server capabilities prior to ArcGIS Enterprise 10.5. ArcGIS GIS Server is still offered in three editions, with each successive edition offering additional functionality:
Basic
: This manages your geodatabase and public feature services (without the ability to edit); it cannot be deployed with Portal for ArcGIS.
Standard
: This is everything in Basic, plus the ability to edit feature services and publish geoprocessing services from any tool included in ArcGIS Desktop Standard or ArcGIS Pro Standard; it can be implemented with Portal for ArcGIS.
Advanced
: This is everything in Standard, plus the ability to publish geoprocessing services from any tool included in ArcGIS Desktop Advanced or ArcGIS Pro Advanced. It also includes additional geostatistical and Spatial Analyst tools, and it can be implemented with Portal for ArcGIS.
Image Server
With ArcGIS Image Server, formerly known as Image Server Extension, large collections of satellite imagery, aerial photos, and rasters can be served dynamically on the fly. Image Server can also run raster processing models allowing distributed analysis of imagery and rasters.
GeoEvent Server
GeoEvent Server, known as the GeoEvent Extension prior to 10.5, enables the integration of real-time data into your enterprise GIS from a variety of sources and sensors. With GeoEvent Server, you can stream event data to client applications, view feature statuses with the Operations Dashboard for ArcGIS, filter geoevents, and detect and analyze the spatial proximity of events with geofences. With GeoEvent Server, real-time data can be published to a spatiotemporal big data store.
GeoAnalytics Server
With ArcGIS GeoAnalytics Server, new at 10.5, big data analysis can be distributed across multiple ArcGIS Server machines, allowing users to perform analyses more quickly on even larger amounts of data than before.
Business Analyst Server
ArcGIS Business Analyst Server, when used with ArcGIS Enterprise, enables your organization to host business analyst-based capabilities such as site analytics and custom reporting. Business Analyst Server also allows you to host the Esri GeoEnrichment service on-premise and behind your firewall.
Licensing
As in previous versions of ArcGIS Server, Enterprise is broken down by editions and levels.
ArcGIS Enterprise editions
As discussed earlier in this chapter, ArcGIS GIS Server is offered in three editions, with each successive edition offering additional functionality--Basic, Standard, and Advanced. Let's examine these editions a bit closer.
Basic edition
ArcGIS GIS Server Basic edition includes geodatabase management and the ability to publish read-only feature services. Also included are the geodata service and geometry service. Web editing is not available and this edition cannot be federated with Portal for ArcGIS. No ArcGIS Server extensions are available for purchase and implementation at the Basic edition.
Standard edition
The Standard edition of ArcGIS GIS Server adds all GIS web service types (cached map and image, dynamic map, feature, geocoding, geoprocessing, image from a single raster, print, and schematic) offered by the ArcGIS GIS Server. Geoprocessing services can utilize any tool included with ArcGIS Desktop Standard. The Standard edition can be deployed with Portal for ArcGIS, allowing hosted layer types such as feature layers, scene layers, and tile layers. Most ArcGIS Server extensions are available for purchase and implementation at the Standard edition.
Advanced edition
The Advanced edition includes everything at the Standard edition plus the ability to publish geoprocessing models and scripts utilizing any tool included in ArcGIS Desktop Advanced. The ArcGIS Network Analyst for Server extension is included, and all Server Extensions are available for purchase and implementation. Portal for ArcGIS can be implemented with the Advanced edition.
Levels of ArcGIS Enterprise
There also exist two levels of ArcGIS Enterprise--ArcGIS Enterprise and ArcGIS Enterprise Workgroup.
ArcGIS Enterprise level
The ArcGIS Enterprise level is designed for medium to large-sized teams. At this level, enterprise geodatabases are utilized with ArcGIS Enterprise allowing an unlimited number of simultaneous connections to the database. This level comes with one four-core processor license and is scalable with additional two-core add-on packs.
ArcGIS Enterprise Workgroup level
The ArcGIS Enterprise Workgroup level is designed for smaller teams and organizations, allowing a maximum of 10 simultaneous connections to workgroup and file geodatabases; enterprise geodatabases are not supported. The base ArcGIS Enterprise deployment (Server, Portal, Web Adaptor, or Data Store) must be deployed all in one on a single machine with up to four cores. Server roles have a maximum of four cores--no add-on two-core packs are available.
Named user entitlements
Licensing for ArcGIS Enterprise 10.5.1 is like licensing at 10.4. With your purchase of ArcGIS Enterprise is included a set of named user entitlements to be used within Portal for ArcGIS. A named user is a specified user for running ArcGIS Pro or a Premium App through ArcGIS Online of Portal for ArcGIS. The number of entitlements you receive depends on the edition and level of ArcGIS Enterprise purchased by your organization. Named user entitlements also differ for licensing under an Enterprise Licensing Agreement (ELA), education site license, or any other special licensing agreement with Esri.
The following are the named user entitlements:
Level 1 (L1) users are content viewers who can only view content shared with them through the organization. L1 users cannot own items or edit items. Level 2 (L2) users can view, create, edit, and share content and can be assigned into the Portal roles of User, Publisher, and Administrator. L1 access is no different than public anonymous (Share with Everyone), but allows named users to participate in focused sharing through groups.
Installing ArcGIS Server
ArcGIS Server installation at 10.5.1 is very similar to installation at 10.4 and will be a familiar process for many.
System and hardware requirements
The following is a high-level overview of some of the more important system and hardware requirements of ArcGIS Server 10.5. Consult the official ArcGIS Server 10.5 online documentation for further information and an exhaustive list of all requirements.
Operating systems
ArcGIS Server is supported on Windows Server 2012 R2 Standard and Datacenter; Windows Server 2012 Standard and Datacenter; Windows Server 2008 R2 Standard, Enterprise, and Datacenter; and Windows Server 2008 Standard, Enterprise, and Datacenter. Flavors of Windows 10, 8.1, and 7 are also supported for basic testing and application development only, not for production environments. Throughout this book, we will focus on ArcGIS Server on Windows.
ArcGIS GIS Server, GeoEvent Server, Image Server, or Business Analyst for Server are recommended to have 8 GB of RAM per unique license role in a production environment. ArcGIS Server requires a minimum of 10 GB of available disk space.
Ports
ArcGIS Server requires several ports be open to allow communication with machines both externally on the internet and internally on an intranet. The following ports need to be allowed on your firewall:
HTTP port
6080
.
HTTPS port
6443
: If HTTPS is enabled, ArcGIS Server uses port
6443
by default.
Ports
4000
-
4002
: These ports are used for communication between ArcGIS Servers.
Internally used ports: Other ports such as
1098
,
6006
,
6099
, and others are used by ArcGIS Server to start processes with each ArcGIS Server machine. These ports do not have to be open for access by other machines.
Secure socket layer
ArcGIS Server comes preconfigured with a self-signed secure socket layer (SSL) certificate. Although not required, it is highly recommended that you purchase and install an SSL certificate from a trusted certificate authority (CA) or a local domain CA. SSL provides encryption of sensitive information (such as usernames and passwords for logging in to ArcGIS Server and Portal) and authentication to ensure that information is being sent where it is intended to go, and not to an imposter. The downside to SSL is that certificates do cost money, but at the time of this writing, SSL certificates can be purchased for around $70 USD, a small price to pay for peace of mind for you and your end users. See the SSL certificate installation section, discussed later in this chapter, for more information.
For the latest system requirements, please consult the ArcGIS Enterprise online help.
Hardware scenarios
There are several ways that ArcGIS Enterprise can be deployed. These range from simple single-machine deployments to more complex multi-machine scenarios. Prior to ArcGIS Enterprise 10.5, a base deployment consisted primarily of ArcGIS Server and the ArcGIS Web Adaptor. At 10.5, a base deployment consists of the four main components of ArcGIS Enterprise--ArcGIS Server, Portal for ArcGIS, ArcGIS Data Store, and ArcGIS Web Adaptor, all working together.
Single-machine deployment
In a single-machine deployment, all components of ArcGIS Enterprise are installed in one single machine, either physically or virtually. This means the one machine acts as a database server, application server, and web server. This is a minimalist configuration that can be used in a production environment, but it is better suited for a testing or development environment. For the purposes of this book, we will use a single-machine deployment in Amazon Web Services. In a minimalist, conceptual form, a single-machine deployment would look like the following diagram:
Esri recently released ArcGIS Enterprise Builder, which provides a simple installation and configuration experience for a base ArcGIS Enterprise single-machine deployment.
Multi-machine (multi-tiered) deployment
The multi-machine, or multi-tiered (where each machine is a tier), is the most common deployment scenario. Here, each component of ArcGIS Enterprise is installed on a separate virtual or physical machine. This means that there is a separate machine for each of the following:
ArcGIS Web Adaptor (web server)
Portal for ArcGIS
ArcGIS Server
ArcGIS Data Store
Enterprise geodatabase
Although more complex than the single-machine deployment, the multi-tiered deployment allows for isolation of the different components and distribution of the workload. A multi-machine configuration would conceptually look like the following diagram:
Within the multi-tiered deployment, it is possible to have multiple ArcGIS Server machines functioning as a single logical unit. These servers operate in conjunction with the ArcGIS Web Adaptor to form a collective unit referred to as an ArcGIS Server site. Within a site, all ArcGIS Servers share the same configuration store and ArcGIS Server directories. Once configured, the site can be administered from any of the servers within it. For more information on ArcGIS Enterprise deployment scenarios, consult the online documentation.
ArcGIS Enterprise in the cloud
In addition to hosting ArcGIS Enterprise within your own infrastructure, whether it is on physical or virtual hardware, ArcGIS Enterprise can also run in the cloud. Esri supports ArcGIS Enterprise deployments on Amazon Web Services and Microsoft Azure. Standing up your ArcGIS Enterprise instance in the cloud offers several advantages to traditional on-premise deployments, such as:
Ease of setup
: Get an account set up and you can have a server up and running in just a few minutes.
Maintenance
: You don't have to maintain hardware infrastructure.
Scalability
: Machines can be added and removed as necessary, allowing you to distribute workloads for increased performance. Resources such as hard drives, CPUs, and memory can be easily scaled up as needed. Adding machines may require additional licensing depending on your licensing terms.
Amazon Web Services
With Amazon Web Services (AWS), there are several options available for launching ArcGIS Enterprise architectures.
AWS Marketplace
Through the AWS Marketplace (https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace), you can purchase an Amazon Machine Image (AMI) with ArcGIS Enterprise that can be easily deployed from your AWS account. Using the Marketplace, you purchase an AMI and then launch it as a virtual machine through the AWS Management Console:
CloudFormation
CloudFormation is an AWS service that utilizes infrastructure as code to let you define architectures for the services you want to set up and utilize. Esri provides sample AWS CloudFormation templates that you can use to configure ArcGIS Server or ArcGIS Enterprise deployments for AWS. These template architectures vary in complexity, ranging from a simple single machine, ArcGIS Enterprise Deployment to a disaster recovery-ready configuration of multiple ArcGIS Enterprise deployments in two different AWS regions. See the ArcGIS Enterprise online documentation on AWS CloudFormation and ArcGIS for more information.
Cloud Builder
ArcGIS Server Cloud Builder is an Esri application that allows you to build and maintain a simple to complex ArcGIS Server site on AWS. With Cloud Builder, you can build, maintain, access, and backup your site, all from the Cloud Builder interface. It is perfect for those without cloud experience wanting to stand up infrastructure on AWS.
Manual deployment using the AWS Management Console
For the adventurous and those preferably with AWS experience, the AWS Management Console (AWS Console) can be used to administer any facet of the entire AWS ecosystem. From the AWS Console, you can stand up servers, manage security, view billing information, and add or remove any piece of AWS architecture to or from your system. With a manual deployment, you are responsible for planning, creating, and deploying all the machines in your site; setting up storage; configuring and managing security; and installing and configuring all components of ArcGIS Enterprise. For the purpose of this book, a single-machine deployment will be utilized in AWS, configured completely manually.
Microsoft Azure
As with AWS, there are options for using Azure to deploy ArcGIS Enterprise.
Azure Marketplace
Much like the AWS Marketplace, in the Azure Marketplace, you can search for a wide variety of preconfigured, readily available machines ready to be purchased and easily launched in the Azure cloud. The following is an example of an ArcGIS Enterprise machine available for purchase in the Azure Marketplace:
Cloud Builder
ArcGIS Enterprise Cloud Builder for Microsoft Azure is an application provided by Esri that you can use to deploy ArcGIS Enterprise and ArcGIS Server standalone sites on the Azure platform. With Cloud Builder for Azure, you can complete tasks, such as deploying ArcGIS Enterprise, adding sites to your deployment, installing an SSL certificate, adding a data store, and managing machines in your deployment.
ArcGIS Server installation
The ArcGIS Server installation process is straightforward. With a little planning and preparation, things can go smoothly.
Before you get started
Before starting the installation of ArcGIS Server, there are a few items to acquire:
An authorization file for ArcGIS Server. Get this from
https://my.esri.com
.
ArcGIS Server setup program. Get this from
https://my.esri.com
.
ArcGIS Server account
ArcGIS Server runs as a Windows service on the application server. All Windows services have an operating system service account that they run under; the ArcGIS Server default service account is a local account called arcgis, and it is commonly referred to as the ArcGIS Server account. The default local arcgis account is sufficient for development or testing environments, but Esri recommends using a domain account for production environments. If your organization uses a domain account, try to get the account set so that the password never expires. If your organization has security policies in place that require password expirations, determine when your ArcGIS Server account password will expire, and set a calendar reminder in advance. Once the password expires, the ArcGIS Server service will not be able to start and your ArcGIS Server site will be down. Always use a strong password, such as one generated at https://xkpasswd.net. To update the (expired) password, run the Configure ArcGIS Server Account Utility located in the Windows Start menu. See Chapter 10, Troubleshooting ArcGIS Enterprise Issues and Errors for more information on troubleshooting and issues with permissions and the ArcGIS Server account.
SSL certificate installation
If you will be utilizing an SSL certificate with your ArcGIS Server site, which is the recommended practice, Esri recommends installing this first before the installation of ArcGIS Server. The acquisition and installation of SSL certificates are quite often not well understood by GIS professionals. This is understandable, as SSL certificates are usually handled by systems administrators. That said, your systems administrator may indeed handle all aspects of SSL certificates within your organization, so contact them first before proceeding with purchasing one yourself. Regardless, let's demystify the process of acquiring and installing SSL certificates.
Acquiring an SSL certificate
Requesting and purchasing an SSL certificate is not as scary as it may seem. Armed with the knowledge of the process, it can be done in a few hours spread out over a few days in most cases.
Requirements
To acquire a basic SSL certificate, a few items are necessary:
Web server access
An account with a certificate authority
A domain name and unique IP address
