Mobile Video with Mobile IPv6 E-Book

Daniel Minoli

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
• Sprache: Englisch

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2012

Beschreibung

Increased reliance on mobile devices and streaming of video content are two of the most recent changes that have led those in the video distribution industry to be concerned about the shifting or erosion of traditional advertising revenues. Infrastructure providers also need to position themselves to take advantage of these trends. Mobile Video with Mobile IPv6 provides an overview of the current mobile landscape, then delves specifically into the capabilities and operational details of IPv6. The book also addresses 3G and 4G services, the application of Mobile IPv6 to streaming and other mobile video outputs, and closes with a chapter on future directions.

Leseprobe

Contents

Cover

Title Page

Copyright

Dedication

Preface

About the Author

Chapter 1: The Mobile User Environment: Smart Phones, Portable Media Players (PMPs), and Tablets

1.1 INTRODUCTION

1.2 BASIC MIPV6 OPERATION

1.3 ENTERTAINMENT VIDEO TRENDS

1.4 SCOPE OF INVESTIGATION

APPENDIX 1.1A: STATISTICS

APPENDIX 1.1B: BIBLIOGRAPHY

Chapter 2: IPv6 Basics

2.1 OVERVIEW AND MOTIVATIONS

2.2 ADDRESS CAPABILITIES

2.3 IPV6 PROTOCOL OVERVIEW

2.4 IPV6 TUNNELING

2.5 IPSEC IN IPV6

2.6 HEADER COMPRESSION SCHEMES

2.7 QUALITY OF SERVICE IN IPV6

2.8 MIGRATION STRATEGIES TO IPV6

Chapter 3: MOBILE IPv6 MECHANISMS

3.1 OVERVIEW

3.2 PROTOCOL DETAILS

Chapter 4: Advanced Features And Functions of MIPv6-Related Protocols—Part 1

4.1 NETWORK MOBILITY BASIC SUPPORT PROTOCOL

4.2 MOBILE IP6 FAST HANDOVERS

4.3 MULTIPLE CARE-OF ADDRESSES REGISTRATION

4.4 MOBILE NODE IDENTIFIER OPTION FOR MIP6

4.5 MOBILE IP6 MANAGEMENT INFORMATION BASE

4.6 SOCKETS API FOR MOBILE IP6

Chapter 5: Advanced Features and Functions of MIPv6-Related Protocols—Part 2

5.1 DUAL-STACK MIPv6

5.2 HIERARCHICAL MOBILE IPv6

5.3 FLOW BINDINGS IN MOBILE IPv6 AND NEMO

5.4 MULTIHOMING APPROACHES IN NEMO

5.5 BOOTSTRAPPING MIPv6 INFORMATION

5.6 DIAMETER MOBILE IPv6

5.7 MISCELLANEOUS MIPv6 CAPABILITIES

Chapter 6: Proxy Mobile IPv6

6.1 BASIC PROXY MECHANISMS

6.2 TRANSIENT BINDING

6.3 LOCAL MOBILITY ANCHOR DISCOVERY

6.4 LOCALIZED ROUTING/DIRECT ROUTING

6.5 IP4 SUPPORT FOR PROXY MOBILE IP6

APPENDIX 6A: NETWORK-BASED LOCALIZED MOBILITY MANAGEMENT

Chapter 7: Security Considerations For MIPv6

7.1 USING IP TO PROTECT MIPv6 SIGNALING BETWEEN MOBILE NODES AND HOME AGENTS

7.2 MIPv6 OPERATION WITH IKEv2 AND REVISED IPSEC ARCHITECTURE

7.3 SECURING MOBILE IPv6 ROUTE OPTIMIZATION USING A STATIC SHARED KEY

7.4 ENHANCED SECURITY IN ROUTE OPTIMIZATION

7.5 MOBILE IPv6 AND FIREWALLS

7.6 NON-IPSEC AUTHENTICATION PROTOCOL FOR MIPv6

7.7 IP ADDRESS LOCATION PRIVACY

7.8 USE OF SECURE NEIGHBOR DISCOVERY

7.9 AUTHENTICATION, AUTHORIZATION, AND ACCOUNTING IN MIPv6

7.10 DIAMETER PROXY MOBILE IPv6 APPROACHES

Chapter 8: Mobile Video and Video Streaming Services

8.1 OVERVIEW

8.2 3/4G SERVICES AND VIDEO APPLICATIONS

8.3 STREAMING PROTOCOLS AND APPROACHES

8.4 MIPV6 SUPPORT IN CDMA2000/ WIMAX VIDEO ENVIRONMENTS

8.5 OTHER MOBILE VIDEO APPROACHES

Glossary

Index

Cover Images: cover background art © iStockphoto/Camilo Jimenez; first frame & fourth frame art © iStockphoto/Alex Slobodkin; second frame art © iStockphoto/touc; third frame art © iStockphoto/fonikum; fifth frame art © iStockphoto/pressureUA; frames background © iStockphoto/Robert Churchill.

Copyright © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey. Published simultaneously in Canada.

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Minoli, Daniel, 1952– Mobile video with mobile IPv6 / Daniel Minoli. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-1-118-35497-1 1. Mobile television. 2. Internet Protocol multimedia subsystem. 3. TCP/IP (Computer network protocol) I. Title. TK6678.3.M56 2012 006.6′96–dc23 2012009802

For Anna

PREFACE

Mobility is clearly the wave of the future. Technology has progressed to a point where users carry powerful devices (smartphones and/or tablets) that enable them to be productive, connected, entertained, and instrumented while on the road, on a train, on a plane, on a boat, or nearly anywhere else. Location-based services (in conjunction with GPS (global positioning system) capabilities) enhance the value and sophistication of applications available to the user.

Up to now mobility has been supported using IP Version 4 (IPv4); however, there has been a steady depletion of the pool of available IPv4 address blocks in recent years. By 2011, only about 1 percent of the address space was left, a situation that is, by industry definition, a point of exhaustion. Service providers are now beginning to give serious consideration about the present need to plan a sustained deployment of IPv6 in order to maintain growth and provide customers with new enhanced services in conjunction with the rapid adoption of smartphones.

At the same time there has been increased interest in new forms of IP-based video distribution, both in terms of the underlying technology (for example, IPTV, streaming, P2P), and also in terms of the content creation. User-generated video and “for-Web-publishing” of original content, not to mention video on demand and time-shifted video, are seeing greater penetration. Furthermore, end users want to get access to such content not only on their standard or smart (connected) TV, but also on their smartphones, portable media players (PMPs), and tablets.

Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6) offers an opportunity to support the evolving consumer paradigm of mobility, productivity, connectivity, entertainment, and instrumentation. This book seeks to explore the technology, protocols, deployment strategies, and approaches to MIPv6-based mobility in general and MIPv6-based mobile video in particular. (Some) operators are now deploying MIPv6 in cellular networks.

This text aims at exploring these evolving trends and offering practical suggestions of how these technologies can be implemented in the service provider networks to support cost-effective delivery of entertainment (especially considering the shifts in viewing habits), and how new revenue-generating services could be brought to the market. This is believed to be the first book on MIPv6 with applications to linear and nonlinear video distribution, especially in a mobile context. This work will be of interest to planners, Chief Technology Officers (CTOs), and engineers at broadcast TV operations, cable TV operations, satellite operations, Internet and Internet service providers (ISPs), telcos, and wireless providers, both domestically and in the rest of the world. Also, it will be of interest to set-top box developers, storage vendors, content developers, content distribution outfits, and content aggregators. The author acknowledges the fundamental contributions made by all the authors of the many Requests for Comments (RFCs) cited and summarized in this book, which form the technical basis for MIPv6; this book and reportage can be seen as advocacy for deployment of the technology, as a dénouement of all such technical work done by these professionals in past 8 years.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Among other activities, Mr. Minoli has done extensive work in video engineering, design, and implementation over the years. The results presented in this book are based on foundation work done while at Telcordia, NYU, Stevens Institute of Technology, Rutgers University, AT&T, and other engineering firms, starting in the early 1990s and continuing to the present. Some of his video work has been documented in books he has authored, including:

Linear and Non-Linear Video and TV Applications Using IPv6 and IPv6 Multicast (Wiley 2012);3D Television (3DTV) Content Capture, Encoding, and Transmission – Building the Transport Infrastructure for Commercial Services (Wiley, 2010);3D Television (3DTV) Technology, Systems, and Deployment – Rolling out the Infrastructure for Next-Generation Entertainment (Francis and Taylor, 2010);IP Multicast with Applications to IPTV and Mobile DVB-H (Wiley/IEEE Press, 2008);Video Dialtone Technology: Digital Video over ADSL, HFC, FTTC, and ATM (McGraw-Hill, 1995); and,Distributed Multimedia through Broadband Communication Services (co-authored) (Artech House, 1994).

Mr. Minoli has many years of technical-hands-on and managerial experience in planning, designing, deploying, and operating IP/IPv6-, telecom-, wireless-, satellite- and video networks, and data center systems and subsystems for global best-in-class carriers and financial companies. He has worked on advanced network deployments at financial firms such as AIG, Prudential Securities, Capital One Financial, and service provider firms such as Network Analysis Corporation, Bell Telephone Laboratories, ITT DTS/Worldcom, Bell Communications Research (now Telcordia), AT&T, Leading Edge Networks Inc., SES, and other institutions. In the recent past, Mr. Minoli has been responsible for the development and deployment of IPTV systems, terrestrial and mobile IP-based networking services, and IPv6 services over satellite links. He also played a founding role in the launching of two companies through the high-tech incubator Leading Edge Networks Inc., which he ran in the early 2000s: Global Wireless Services, a provider of secure broadband hotspot mobile Internet and hotspot VoIP services; and, InfoPort Communications Group, an optical and Gigabit Ethernet metropolitan carrier supporting data center/SAN/channel extension and cloud network access services. For several years he has been session-, tutorial-, and now overall technical program Chair for the IEEE ENTNET (Enterprise Networking) conference; ENTNET focuses on enterprise networking requirements for large financial firms and other corporate institutions.

Mr. Minoli has also written columns for ComputerWorld, NetworkWorld, and Network Computing (1985–2006). He has taught at New York University (Information Technology Institute), Rutgers University, and Stevens Institute of Technology (1984–2006). Also, he was a technology analyst at-large, for Gartner/DataPro (1985–2001); based on extensive hands-on work at financial firms and carriers, he tracked technologies and wrote CTO/CIO-level technical scans in the area of telephony and data systems, including topics on security, disaster recovery, network management, LANs, WANs (ATM and MPLS), wireless (LAN and public hotspot), VoIP, network design/economics, carrier networks (such as metro Ethernet and CWDM/DWDM), and e-commerce. Over the years he has advised Venture Capitals for investments of $150M in a dozen high-tech companies. He has acted as Expert Witness in a (won) $11B lawsuit regarding a VoIP-based wireless air-to-ground radio communication system for airplane in-cabin services, and has been engaged as a technical expert in a number of patent infringement proceedings in the digital imaging and VoIP space supporting legal firms such as Schiff Hardin LLP, Fulbright & Jaworski LLP, Dimock Stratton LLP/ Smart & Biggar LLP, and Baker & McKenzie LLP, among others.

CHAPTER 1

THE MOBILE USER ENVIRONMENT: SMART PHONES, PORTABLE MEDIA PLAYERS (PMPs), AND TABLETS

1.1 INTRODUCTION

Mobile connectivity is becoming ubiquitous for voice, video, and data. A significant percentage of people now carry powerful smartphones and/or tablets that enable them to be productive, connected, entertained, and instrumented while on the move, away from their offices or homes. Clearly, there has been an evolution over time for people on the move, from being able to get “nothing” (up to mid-1980s), to being able to get voice (since the mid-1980s), to getting data (such as e-mails) (mostly from the mid-1990s), to accessing applications (data and location-based applications) (mostly since the early 2000s), and now also to get real-time and/or streaming and/or on-demand video. According to recent Nielsen data, over 28 million people in the U.S. watched video content on their mobile phones in 2011, with a large (>40 percent) increase from 2010; monthly usage of video exceeds 4 hours, as documented in Appendix 1.1A.

The network fabric has transitioned from analog, to digital (time-division multiplexing), to packet technology, especially using voice over IP (VoIP) for voice and using IP version 4 (IPv4) for applications. However, in recent years, there has been a steady depletion of the pool of available IPv4 address blocks; a point of exhaustion was reached in 2011, when only 1 percent of the address space remained available. Service providers are now, of necessity, planning to give serious consideration to the imminent rollout of IP version 6 (IPv6) infrastructures, to parallel the existing IPv4 infrastructure, in order to maintain growth and provide customers with new enhanced services. Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6) is a version of IPv6 that intrinsically supports active, real-time device movement across a wide geography (it supports a concept similar to mobile IP in the version 4 world, but with added capabilities). MIPv6 allows mobile nodes (MNs) to maintain persistent IP connectivity while the MN moves around in an IPv6 network. It has been adopted in 3G code division multiple access (CDMA) networks for handling host-based mobility management, specifically as a way to maintain connectivity when the MN moves between access routers (ARs). In addition to the basic set of initial MIPv6 protocols, several enhancements have been added in the past few years.

At the same time there has been increased interest in new forms of IP-based video distribution, both in terms of the underlying streaming or IP television (IPTV) and/or content distribution networks (CDNs) technology, as well as in terms of the content providers and content creation itself. User-generated video (UGV), “for Web publishing” of original content, video on demand (VoD), and time-shifted video, are seeing steady market penetration. Consumers expect to be able to get access to such content not only on their standard or smart (connected) TV, but also on their smartphones, portable media players (PMPs), and tablets. MIPv6 offers an ideal opportunity to support the evolving consumer paradigm of mobility, productivity, connectivity, entertainment, and instrumentation. It follows that there is interest on the part of service providers to explore the technology, protocols, deployment strategies, and approaches to IPv6-based mobility in general, and IPv6 mobile video in particular. MIPv6 allows session (e.g., Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) session) continuity—while some video applications utilize User Datagram Protocol (UDP), other video applications do use TCP.