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- Herausgeber: Packt Publishing
- Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
- Sprache: Englisch
Oracle Business Process Management Suite is a complete set of tools for creating, executing, and optimizing business processes.Oracle BPM Suite 11g offers the flexibility that business demands, hand-in-hand with the power IT requires. The result is an agile platform that brings together your existing applications, enabling you to react quickly to new business requirements.With this cookbook we will develop rich, interactive business processes using the Oracle Business Process Management suite.With Oracle BPM Suite 11g Developer's Cookbook, a common process model based on BPMN is presented to the specific role assigned to readers in each chapter. Explore Oracle BPM 11g with Modelling, Implementation, Simulation, Deployment, Exception Management, BPM and SOA in Concert, Advanced Rules and Human tasks, End User Interaction and Run-time.Oracle BPM Suite 11g Developer's Cookbook will help readers learn BPM 11g through a Real World Sample Process.This book is divided into four sections: the first section, Modeling, lays the foundation and demonstrates how to implement the Modeling of Business processes for a Use Case of a Fictitious Organization which needs BPM to be implemented at their site (with data objects and information handling). In the second section, Implementation, we learn about Process Implementation, Human Interaction, Business Rules, and much more. In the third section, Measuring, we learn about Post Process Development, Performance Analysis and Simulation Models. In the last section, Deployment, Migration and Run-Time, we learn deployment and migration, and Post Deployment Run-Time.
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Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2012
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Table of Contents
Oracle BPM Suite 11g Developer's Cookbook
Oracle BPM Suite 11g Developer's Cookbook
Copyright © 2012 Packt Publishing
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embedded in critical articles or reviews.
Every effort has been made in the preparation of this book to ensure the accuracy of the information presented. However, the information contained in this book is sold without warranty, either express or implied. Neither the author, nor Packt Publishing, and its dealers and distributors will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by this book.
Packt Publishing has endeavored to provide trademark information about all of the companies and products mentioned in this book by the appropriate use of capitals. However, Packt Publishing cannot guarantee the accuracy of this information.
First published: April 2012
Production Reference: 1180412
Published by Packt Publishing Ltd. Livery Place 35 Livery Street Birmingham B3 2PB, UK.
ISBN 978-1-84968-422-4
www.packtpub.com
Cover Image by Artie Ng (<[email protected]>)
Credits
Author
Vivek Acharya
Reviewers
Ramakrishna Kandula
Arun Pareek
Acquisition Editor
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Lead Technical Editor
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Technical Editors
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Cover Work
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About the Author
Vivek Acharya is an Oracle Consultant currently working as a professional freelancer. He has been in the design, development, consulting, and the Architect world for approximately seven years while working in Oracle Practice at GE, IBM, and HP. He is an Oracle Certified Expert as an Oracle Fusion-SOA 11g Implementation specialist and an Oracle-BPM 11g Implementation Specialist.
He has experience and expertise in Oracle Fusion - SOA, BPM, Webcenter, Spaces, BAM, Mediator, B2B, BI, AIA, WebLogic, Workflow, Rules, Webcenter, ECM, IDM, Oracle Fusion Applicaitons, SaaS, OnDemand, and so on. He loves everything to do with Oracle Fusion Applications, Oracle SOA, Oracle BPM, Social BPM, Cloud Computing, Salesforce, SaaS, and BSM
He has been author of a couple of books on Distributed Systems, has an interest in playing synthesizer, and loves travelling.
You can add him at http://www.linkedin.com/pub/vivek-acharya/15/377/ 26awrite, read about him at http://acharyavivek.wordpress.com/, and can write to him at <[email protected]>.
Acknowledgement
No one walks alone, and when one is walking the journey of life, just where do you begin to thank those that joined you, walked beside you, and helped you along the way? So, perhaps this book and its pages will be seen as "thanks" to all of you who have helped make my life what is today.
Much of what I have learned over the years came as the result of being a son to my caring father and mother, and brother to Alankar. They have their own ways of inspiring me, and have subconsciously contributed a tremendous amount to the content of this book.
I would like to thank Richa, without whom nothing is possible.
I also have to thank Prashant, Ankur, RamaKrishna, Vijay, and Nitin with whom I have worked on several projects on SOA and BPM.
I also have to thank Rukshana and Jovita from the Packt Publication team for their belief in me and for giving their time to polish the manuscript.
Last, but not the least, I would like to thank the Almighty.
About the Reviewers
Ramakrishna Kandula has more than seven years of rich experience in IT. He has been involved in Full Life Cycle Implementations, where he has worked as a technical lead in various capacities from gathering requirements to production support and maintenance across various implementations in Oracle Applications, SOA, and BPM Suite technologies.
He has completed his Bachelor's in Technology in Computer Science from JNTU, Hyderabad, India and has done many thesis presentations on different technology projects during his graduation course.
He has also worked as a Technology trainer and mentor for fresh graduates and experienced correspondents in various organizations throughout his career.
Arun Pareek is an SOA Practitioner working on SOA-based Implementation projects in the capacity of a Consultant and Architect for over five years now. He is also an IASA-certified Software Architect and is currently co-authoring a book on Oracle SOA Suite Administration for Packt Publishing. He has been actively working on the SOA Suite of products for both BEA and Oracle, including technologies such as Service Bus, AIA, BPEL, BAM, BPA, and BPMN. He has a knack for designing systems that are scalable, performant, and fault tolerant and is an enthusiast of automated continuous integration techniques. He is also an active blogger on these technologies and runs a popular blog at http://beatechnologies.wordpress.com.
I would like to appreciate the encouragement I had from my parents for helping me to achieve many things in my life. A special note of thanks to my wonderful wife Karuna for her constant support, cooperation, and patience, without which it would have been impossible for me to manage my work and life together.
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Preface
Organizations find that it's the business process that constitutes the heart of an enterprise and is a differentiating factor. They've found that it's the processes that make or break an enterprise. Operational efficiency is a differentiating factor, and research shows that it's the processes that provide operational efficiency, business visibility, and agility to an enterprise. They've concluded that, for business process and business process management, Oracle BPM guarantees better decision making and faster Enterprise response by giving enterprises high visibility into business processes.
Oracle BPM, with its continuous improvement methodology, offers process automation, agility, process improvement, adaptability, and strong collaboration of business and IT, and increases predictability, incorporate measure, and provision traceability. It lowers IT costs, enables inclusion of changes faster, and empowers business and at the same time dramatically increases customer satisfaction.
Oracle BPM is meant for all types of processes. It's based on a unified process foundation, user-centric design, and social BPM interactions. Unified process foundation, powered by a unified process engine, will streamline process development, and deployment and monitoring, and will synchronize design and runtime environments. User-centric design will empower participants with the right set of tools.
Social BPM enables social collaboration with Enterprise 2.0 and Web 2.0, which are offered by Spaces and offer collaboration and communication. Enterprise 2.0 also offers publishing with wikis, blogs, and Mashups. Social BPM offers enterprise-wide collaboration.
Oracle BPM unifies with Oracle SOA suite and offers agility. Oracle ADF offers rich process interactions. Oracle Business Activity Monitoring offers analytics, monitoring, and end-to-end visibility. Oracle Business Rules offers decision logics, Oracle UCM offers document workflows, and AMX offers approval flow management. Oracle BPM also unifies with Business Intelligence, Complex Event Processing, and Oracle security. BPM offerings, such as application extensions and workflow consolidation drive SOA expansion.
Oracle BPM sits on top of Oracle SOA and it's the first BPMS product to execute BPMN 2.0. This empowers organizations, as what they are modeling is what they would automate and execute.
This book encompasses vision, modeling, simulation, implementation, measurement, execution, collaboration, monitoring, management, and administration of Business Processes through Oracle BPM 11g, and covers BPM unification with SOA, ADF, AMX, Workflows, Rules, WCM, and UCM through BPM 11g; and includes implementing social collaboration by Enterprise 2.0, and Web 2.0 through Spaces.
What this book covers
Chapter 1, Process Modeling, starts with laying the foundation of, and demonstrating how to implement the modeling of business processes for a Use Case of a fictitious organization that needs Oracle BPM to be implemented on its site. You will learn to model business process with BPM and will uncover the BPM application development lifecycle. The main emphasis is on modeling a fictitious organization, creating business process flow, and creating and defining projects, roles, organization units, swimlanes, and data objects. It covers gateways in detail while focusing on business catalog. It includes working with MDS and publication of BPM projects to MDS. It also covers communication with external process and services.
Chapter 2, Process Implementation, emphasizes how developers implement the process. This chapter answers the question How do you move from a model to a running process that automatically routes tasks, brings right forms, applies rules, stores data, and so on? You will switch gears, and as a Process Developer, implement a running process. In this chapter we will discuss how to define interactive tasks, common interactive tasks, and to generate task forms. It also demonstrates how to create data associations, assign the outcome of tasks to data objects, and create data associations for conditional flows. The assignment of Human Tasks to different interactive tasks and implementation of service tasks are also covered.
Chapter 3, Process Deployment and Testing, looks at building, deploying, testing, analyzing, and debugging Oracle BPM processes.
Chapter 4, Business Rules in BPM process, covers applying advance routing rules in Oracle BPM processes, application of business objects, conflict resolution, gateways, and Human Tasks. Emphasizing on rules, it will explore rule containers such as dictionaries, Bucketsets, decision tables, and if-else decision components in rules and testing of rules.
Chapter 5, Human Workflow in BPM process, focuses on advanced concepts in human workflow, architecture, human workflow management in Oracle BPM, task patterns, routing, defining parallel and serial stages, skipping rules, runtime ad-hoc task assignments, approval groups, functions, task assignments, participant types, rule-based task assignments, deadline, escalation policies, and much more.
Chapter 6, Process Simulation, looks at process simulations, defining simulation definitions and models, and examines reengineering of BPM process to improve performance and analyze results.
Chapter 7, Developing a UI using Oracle ADF for BPM Process, covers ADF frameworks and describes how to build user interfaces for end-user interaction. It puts emphasis on ADF-BC components, entity and view objects, Web Service data control, and a different approach to create task display forms. You will also learn how Oracle BPM 11g sits on top of SOA and leverages Oracle ADF.
Chapter 8, Exception Management, explains the strategies of how exceptions are handled in Oracle BPM 11g, with detailed coverage of the fault management framework. It examines handling of exceptions in tasks, subprocess, and processes while covering different categories of faults.
Chapter 9, BPM & SOA in Concert, explores how Oracle SOA and Oracle BPM, in tandem, can help in enabling the success of Enterprise-wide BPM. You will witness how, together, they provide an Enterprise computing an end-to-end Enterprise BPM offering. It covers Oracle BPM and JMS interaction and defines communicating with other BPMN processes and services. Uncover Oracle BPM services and learn different ways to interact with BPM processes.
Chapter 10, End User Interaction, gives you a chance to experience the power of Social BPM and witness an Oracle offering on Social BPM. Examine social collaboration by Enterprise 2.0 and Web 2.0, which are offered by Spaces. Explore spaces —workspace and process space—and build a social network to collaborate, communicate, announce, blog, post, and poll.
Chapter 11, Manage, Monitor, and Administer BPM Process, provides a blueprint of how Oracle BPM and BAM work in tandem and offer process analytics. In this chapter, we examine Oracle BPM and BAM integration, provisioning of monitoring using dashboards, and the course of incorporating analytics and monitoring in BPM using BAM, uncovering business indicators, marks, counters, custom dashboards, and so on. We will see how Oracle EM is used for administering and monitoring of Oracle SOA infrastructure, and Oracle BPM.
Appendix - A, Oracle BPM - Application Development Lifecycle, covers how the Oracle BPM application development lifecycle helps in achieving process automation, agility, continuous process improvement, and adaptability, offers strong collaboration of business and IT, and increases predictability, incorporating measure and provision traceability.
Appendix - B, Approval Management, helps you to master approval management through the Oracle BPM Approval Management extension (AMX). We will examine the extension of human workflow services with complex approval patterns through Approval Management extension (AMX).
What you need for this book
To explore modeling, implementation, deployment, testing, Social BPM, and AMX using the Oracle BPM Suite through recipes in this book, you will need the following software installed on your machine/site:
Demos and examples used throughout this chapter and book are created on Database 11g, RCU 11.1.1.5, Oracle WebLogic server 10.3.5, SOA Suite 11.1.1.5.0, Oracle WebCenter 11.1.1.5, and JDeveloper 11.1.1.5.0, on a Windows 7 64-bit machine. BPM Suite gets installed when you install Oracle SOA Suite. Update JDeveloper for SOA and BPM.
Who this book is for
If you are a BPM,Oracle SOA, or Oracle Fusion Applications - developer, designer, architect, or end-user looking to develop BPM solutions without impediments, then this is the best guide for you.The book assumes that you have fundamental knowledge of BPM.
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Chapter 1. Process Modeling
In the first chapter, you will start with laying the foundation for, and demonstrating how to implement the modeling of, business processes for a Use Case of a fictitious organization that needs Oracle BPM to be implemented at their site. Recipes will demonstrate how to create and model business processes using Business Process Management Notation and Modeling (BPMN) within the Oracle Business Process Management Suite and how to create an organizational model that mimics your real-world organization.
In this chapter you will learn the following:
Introduction
Business Process Management (BPM) is for process transparency, process intelligence, business empowerment, and business alignment. This chapter explores recipes to carry out a model business process, using Oracle BPM Suite 11g. Business Architecture lays the blueprint for operating and transforming the Enterprise. Business Architecture includes various models that define business goals, objectives, initiatives, and metrics. Business Architecture models business functions, both internal and external. They also encompass organizational models to depict roles, responsibilities, and collaborations to define how, and by whom, defined functions will be provided and used. Along with this, Business Architecture defines the business rules and policies to infuse governance, so that stakeholders can adhere and enforce policies. Steps to achieve business transformation objectives are also defined.
However, one Business Architecture element that is of interest for us in this book is, Business Process Models. Business Process Models define the activities, steps, and information flow between processes, to carry out business functions.
As BPM is a part and element of Enterprise architecture, they need to be designed so that the Enterprise can fully reap the rewards of Oracle BPM. While designing business processes, we are not just automating and managing processes; it's more about how an enterprise adapts to a comprehensive view of business processes, where one has to take the overall Enterprise architecture into account and not just automating and managing business processes. Hence, you can look at BPM adoption in an Enterprise as an element of Enterprise architecture.
With BPM, an enterprise can achieve the goal of automation. It can now model a business process, make associations with human workflow and IT applications, and infuse Business Rules Management Systems (BRMS). In combination with SOA and BRMS, enterprises can achieve extremes of agility. Oracle BPM will offer business agility whose process impact is directly proportional to process complexity. BPM is used for continuous process improvement as well.
Oracle BPM methodology is an agile strategy and an iterative approach to Business Process Management. It is well-suited to this era of ever-changing business processes, where there is a demand for continuous incremental improvement. Traditional methodologies were code-centric, rarely Model Driven; they always overlook the KPI, lacked continuous improvement, and had no vision beyond the current single project. For BPM, a methodology was required that could address these inadequacies; that could bridge the gap between IT and Business.
Oracle BPM methodology as a foundation for Business Process Implementation, as an Enterprise element, offers many benefits, such as the following:
The prerequisites to explore modeling, implementation, and deployments, using Oracle BPM Suite through recipes in this book, are that the following software be installed at your machine/site:
Note
Demos and examples used throughout this chapter and book are created on WebLogic server 10.3.5, SOA Suite 11.1.1.5.0, and JDeveloper 11.1.1.5.0 on a Windows 7, 64-bit machine.
BPM Application development lifecycle
Just as SOA enables IT Agility, BPM enables Business Agility. Process Impact is directly proportional to Process Complexity. BPM allows for continuous process improvement.
It is argued that BPM enables organizations to be more efficient, more effective, and more capable of change than a functionally focused, traditional, hierarchical management approach. It's the BPM that provides Process Management to serve business agility and manage complex business processes. An Oracle BPM Application's development lifecycle has many phases, such as:
This application development lifecycle is equally applicable to any type of BPMN Process, be it a Standard process, Orchestration process, or Choreographic process. Most process modelers, and even you, after reading this book and creating a model, must be more familiar with defining the flow of activities. This is called a Standard process or an Orchestration process. In Choreography processes, the focus is not on orchestrations of work performed by the participants but rather on the exchange of messages/information between participants.
User personas
There are user personas for every phase of the Application Development lifecycle, as different phases require interaction from different types of users.
Vision
Making BPM adoption Enterprise business-driven, is the vision laid by the leadership and coordinated by Enterprise-wide Architects. It brings both business and process agility. As you can see in the preceding diagram for Vision & Mission, the business leadership and Enterprise Architect work closely, and this leads to process improvements with continuous alignment with business needs.
This phase lays the foundation for BPM adoption in the Enterprise with automation and continuous improvement guaranteed, at the same time staying aligned with business needs. You can term it as planning, strategy, analysis, or design. Planning is must for a BPM initiative to succeed. BPM planning needs to go beyond a departmental level and must incorporate a comprehensive view of the entire enterprise—it's goals, operations, processes, and IT Systems.
Alignment with business objectives must be the strategy for a BPM vision. Business leadership, along with process owners, must analyze the processes and find other high-value processes that are amenable to automation and have a high benefit-to-risk ratio. These high-value processes are BPM process candidates.
An Enterprise Architect will then analyze the technical aspects of the BPM process candidates and create a BPM road map. This road map will describe the current state and future vision, and identify the gaps between the two. A road map to get from the current state to the desired state is defined as the mission.
Participants in this phase are—Business leadership and Enterprise Architects.
Model
During this stage, a Process Analyst creates process models based on real-world business processes and problems. Oracle BPM provides three distinct tools for modeling business processes. Each tool has a different role within the Oracle BPM Suite. The tool you use depends on your business requirements, the stage of the application development cycle, and your user persona.
Models are simply a way for Process Analysts to document processes in a structured way. Process Analysts model the flow of a business process and document its steps. They are assisted by Process Architects with their technical skills. Process Analyst and Process Architect are the critical roles in the automation of business process. One has a greater business focus and the other has a technical orientation.
This bridges the business-IT gap. Business Process Analysts, with their process, business, and modeling skills, capture and model processes, drive process optimization, recommend changes, incorporate change requests from business, direct UAT, identify rules, define KPI, and work with the Process Architect for technical coordination.
The participants in modeling are as follows:
They work closely with the Process Architect for technical coordination.
Process Architects: They coordinate with the Process Analysts in Process Modeling. It's a role that we also identify as Solution Architect. However, they have modeling skills and process implementation skills, too.They are responsible for:
Implementation
After Process Analysts model business processes, Process Developers are responsible for creating business applications based on these models. Using Oracle BPM Studio, Process Developers implement reusable services and integrate other business systems. Implementation may include the following types of tasks, generally performed by Process Developers:
They implement defined rules. They can create a user interface and can incorporate Exception management. However, they have secondary developers to perform specialist technical tasks, for example, an Oracle ADF expert can create dynamic ADF pages to be used as Task Forms. Some other developer with Exception Handling expertise can perform that on the process. An integration expert can incorporate SOA stuff into the process, and so on.
After a Process Developer finishes the implementation, the application is compiled and deployed like other SOA composite applications. It can be compiled and deployed using Oracle BPM Studio.
Process Developers: Also termed as Process Designers, they implement the process model to make it executable by configuring data mappings, defining data, and transforming activity input and output. They may not be knowledgeable about business processes, but rely on Process Models for implementations. They have the following responsibilities:
Deployment
This phase includes testing and deployment. Process Developers or a supporting deployment team can perform process deployment.
For testing, either a developer or a QA can be involved. Different phases involve participation from different people. Generally, developers will perform the Unit testing. System and Integration testing will be performed by the QA and directed by Process Architects. User Acceptance Testing (UAT) will witness involvement of Process Analysts and QAs. Once UAT is completed, the process is deployed to runtime.
Deployment is the process of transferring an Oracle BPM project from the development environment to the runtime environment. This can be either a testing or production runtime environment. After finishing the integration of business processes with backend systems and reusable services, Process Developers create and compile a working, process-based application. This application is then deployed to Oracle BPM Runtime. Oracle BPM Suite contains the following typical scenarios for deploying to Oracle BPM Run Time:
Once the process is deployed to runtime, it's available to end users.
Runtime
After an application is deployed, the runtime environment makes the Oracle BPM application available to process participants, based on the roles assigned in the organization where the business processes were deployed. This stage is divided into the following distinct functions:
End user interaction
Process participants and process owners are responsible for interacting with the running application using process workspace. Process Analysts and owners can also monitor the process and revise Oracle Business Rules at runtime.
End user participants: Process participants are the end users or process performers in a business process who perform the human aspects of the business process task and perform interactive activities. They provide task execution details to the Process Analyst and are involved in Acceptance Testing. They should be contacted and interviewed at the time of Process Automation, as it's a must for process design to know what they actually do. They have many roles, such as supervisor, sales manager, sales representative, business analyst, agents, clerks, and so on.
Oracle BPM flow will automatically route these tasks to a participant, based on his/her role, and they have to log in (either to Oracle BPM workspace or Process Spaces) and perform their activity. End user interaction to running process is performed by logging on to either Oracle BPM Workspace or Process Spaces.
Administrators are responsible for maintaining running business applications and the overall runtime infrastructure, using Oracle Enterprise Manager and the Oracle Weblogic Server administration console.
Administrators or Operation Managers are responsible for the following:
Process management and monitoring
Process owners are responsible for monitoring and maintaining running processes using process workspace. Process Analysts and owners use Oracle Business Process Analysis to monitor the real-time performance of business processes. The participant is process owner in this phase.
Process owners are the subject matter experts for the business process (es). They own a process or processes. They are responsible for:
Modeling business processes with BPM
Modeling is the first phase of the BPM Application development lifecycle, as the preceding diagram shows, and is carried out by Process Analysts. It lays the foundation for Process Development, by creating a model of the process to be implemented. Oracle BPM Suite 11g provides a rich set of applications to perform modeling.
How to do it...
During the phase of modeling you will learn the following:
How it works...
The Oracle BPM Suite provides two primary applications for modeling and implementing business processes:
You will simulate, model, define, interact, control, and document, using Oracle BPM Studio. As this is the chapter in which you will model the Business Process, you will act as a Process Analyst and you will use Oracle BPM Suite 11g BPM Studio to model the Business Process.
Simulating the BPM Application development lifecycle
By simulating BPM Application development lifecycle, you will define the strategy, paradigm, and Use Cases. As a Process Analyst, you will use BPM Studio to create BPM Process Models. Based on these models, Process Developers will implement the BPM applications and deploy it to BPM runtime.
Using BPM Studio, a Process Analyst can do the following:
How to do it...
The steps to define strategy, paradigm, and Use Case are:
If your answer is 'YES' to following requirements, then you need BPM as a tool:
If your answer is 'YES' to following requirements, then you need BPA as a tool:
If it is bottom-up, then:
Else if it is top-down ,then:
How it works...
You can start modeling in either BPA Suite or BPM Suite. However, as a Process Analyst, you will choose BPM Suite to model, because you have answered 'YES' to all questions asked when choosing between BPA and BPM, in favor of BPM. Along with it, BPM Suite offers predictability, traceability, adaptability, is measurable, and bridges the gap between Business and IT. As a Process Analyst, you have some knowledge of the business process and can collaborate with business users to enrich the modeling outcomes.
As a Process Analyst, in this chapter, you will probably follow the bottom-up modeling paradigm as your modeling strategy. Metadata Store (MDS) enables modeling paradigms. The MDS repository is used for creating a shared, collaborative work environment across multiple BPM Studios and process composers.
There's more...
In addition to the modeling methods described in the preceding text, there are different ways by which a Process Analyst can model business processes, such as the following:
