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This is the Digital Practitioner Foundation Study Guide for the DPBoK Part 1 Examination. It gives an overview of every learning objective included in the Digital Practitioner Foundation syllabus, and provides in-depth coverage on preparing and taking the DPBoK Part 1 Examination. It is specifically designed to help individuals prepare for certification. This Study Guide is excellent material for: • Senior digital business professionals who need an increased awareness of digital practices • Mid-career IT professionals who need to stay relevant and validate their digital Subject Matter Expert (SME) status in specific domain areas • Entry-level computing and digital business professionals • College-level students and computing and digital business majors It covers the following topics: • An introduction to DPBoK Foundation certification, including the DPBoK Part 1 Examination • Key terminology, key concepts, and the structure of the Body of Knowledge • Basic concepts employed by the Digital Practitioner • The capabilities of digital infrastructure and initial concerns for its effective, efficient, and secure operation • The objectives and activities of application development • Why product management is formalized as a company or team grows, and the differences between product and project management • The key concerns and practices of work management as a team increases in size • The basic concepts and practices of operations management in a digital/IT context • How to coordinate as the organization grows into multiple teams and multiple products • IT investment and portfolio management • Organizational structure, human resources, and cultural factors • Governance, risk, security, and compliance • Information and data management on a large scale • Practices and methods for managing complexity using Enterprise Architecture
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Title:
The Digital Practitioner Foundation Study Guide
Series:
The Open Group Series
A Publication of:
The Open Group
Author:
Andrew Josey
Publisher:
Van Haren Publishing, ’s-Hertogenbosch - NL, www.vanharen.net
ISBN Hardcopy:
978 94 018 0713 5
ISBN eBook:
978 94 018 0715 9
ISBN ePUB:
978 94 018 0714 2
Edition:
First edition, first impression, October 2020
Layout and Cover Design: The Open Group
Copyright: © 2020 The Open Group. All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner.
The views expressed in this Study Guide are not necessarily those of any particular member of The Open Group.
The Digital Practitioner Foundation Study Guide
Document Number: B201
Published by The Open Group, October 2020.
Comments relating to the material contained in this document may be submitted to:
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Table of Contents
The Digital Practitioner Foundation Study Guide
Preface
The Open Group
This Document
How to Use this Document
Conventions Used in this Document
About the Author
Trademarks
Acknowledgments
Referenced Documents
1. Introduction
1.1. Key Learning Points
1.2. The Open Group Certification for People Program
1.3. The DPBoK Foundation Certification
1.4. The DPBoK Level 1 Syllabus
1.4.1. Format of the Examination Questions
1.4.2. What ID do I need to present to take the examination?
1.4.3. Can I refer to materials while I take the examination?
1.4.4. If I fail, how soon can I retake the examination?
1.5. Preparing for the Examination
1.6. Summary
1.7. Test Yourself Questions
1.8. Recommended Reading
2. An Introduction to the DPBoK Standard
2.1. Key Learning Points
2.2. Key Terminology
2.3. Digital-First
2.4. Digital Transformation
2.5. The Seven Levers of Change
2.6. The Structure of the Body of Knowledge
2.6.1. Context I: Individual/Founder
2.6.2. Context II: Team
2.6.3. Context III: Team of Teams
2.6.4. Context IV: Enduring Enterprise
2.7. Summary
2.8. Test Yourself Questions
2.9. Recommended Reading
Context I: Individual/Founder
3. Digital Value
3.1. Key Learning Points
3.2. What is Digital Value?
3.3. Digital Systems and Value
3.4. Defining Digital
3.5. Inside a Digital Service
3.6. The Concept of the Digital Stack
3.6.1 The Moment of Truth
3.7. The Digital Lifecycle
3.8. The Three Ways of DevOps
3.9. Defining Consumer, Customer, and Sponsor
3.10. Understanding Digital Context
3.10.1. Positioning a Digital Offering
3.10.2. Business Discovery Techniques
3.11. Summary
3.12. Test Yourself Questions
3.13. Recommended Reading
4. Digital Infrastructure
4.1. Key Learning Points
4.2. What is Infrastructure?
4.3. Virtualization Basics
4.4. Cloud Computing
4.5. Infrastructure as Code
4.5.1. Configuration Management
4.5.2. Version Control
4.5.3. Source Control
4.5.4. Package Management
4.5.5 Deployment Management
4.6. Securing Infrastructure and Applications
4.7. Summary
4.8. Test Yourself Questions
4.9. Recommended Reading
5. Application Delivery
5.1. Key Learning Points
5.2. What is an Application?
5.3. Application Development
5.4. Software Development Practices
5.4.1. Waterfall Development
5.4.2. The V-Model
5.4.3. The Failure of the Waterfall Development Approach
5.5. Agile Development
5.6. DevOps
5.7. The Continuous Delivery Pipeline
5.7.1. Test-Driven Development and Technical Debt
5.7.2. Continuous Integration
5.7.3. Continuous Delivery
5.8. Cloud-Native Development
5.9. Securing Applications and Digital Products
5.10. Architectural View
5.11. Summary
5.12. Test Yourself Questions
5.13. Recommended Reading
Context II: Team
6. Product Management
6.1. Key Learning Points
6.2. The Product Vision
6.3. What is Product Management?
6.4. Process, Project, and Product Management
6.5. Productization as Strategy
6.6. Product Discovery
6.6.1. Product Discovery Techniques
6.7. Product Design
6.8. Product Team Practices
6.9. Scrum
6.10. Product Planning
6.11. Summary
6.12. Test Yourself Questions
6.13. Recommended Reading
7. Work Management
7.1. Key Learning Points
7.2. The Importance of Work Management
7.3. Work Management: Key Questions
7.4. Tracking Work
7.5. Kanban and Lean Practices
7.6. Queues and Limiting Work-In-Process
7.7. Lean Product Development
7.8. Workflow Management
7.9. Systems Thinking and Feedback
7.10. Summary
7.11. Test Yourself Questions
7.12. Recommended Reading
8. Operations Management
8.1. Key Learning Points
8.2. Introduction to Operations Management
8.3. Defining Operations Management
8.4. The Concept of Service Level
8.5. State and Configuration
8.6. Monitoring and Event Management
8.7. Capacity and Performance Management
8.8. Operational Response
8.9. Operational Processes
8.10. Operations-Driven Product Demand
8.10.1. The CAP Principle
8.10.2. The AKF Scaling Cube
8.11. Summary
8.12. Test Yourself Questions
8.13. Recommended Reading
Context III: Team of Teams
9. Coordination and Process
9.1. Key Learning Points
9.2. Factors for Moving to Multiple Teams
9.3. Segmenting One Product into Multiple Teams
9.4. Dependencies and Coordination
9.5. Tools and Techniques for Coordination
9.5.1. Coordination Strategies: Structure
9.5.2. Coordination Strategies: Synchronization
9.5.3. Coordination Strategies: Boundary Spanning
9.6. Delivery Models and Coordination
9.6.1 Product Management Release Trains
9.6.2 Project Management as Coordination
9.6.3 Process Management as a Coordination Mechanism
9.7. The Need for Formalized Process Management
9.8. The Concept of “Value Stream” in the Lean Context
9.9. Process Control and Continuous Improvement
9.10. Scrum and Empirical Process Control
9.11. Summary
9.12. Test Yourself Questions
9.13. Recommended Reading
10. Investment and Portfolio
10.1. Key Learning Points
10.2. Investment and Portfolio
10.3. Financial Management
10.3.1. Lean Accounting
10.3.2. Beyond Budgeting
10.3.3. Internal Venture Funding
10.4. Digital Sourcing and Contracts
10.5. Cloud Sourcing
10.6. Portfolio Management
10.7. Planning and Estimation
10.8. The Digital Product Catalog
10.9. Project Management
10.10. Summary
10.11. Test Yourself Questions
10.12. Recommended Reading
11. Organization and Culture
11.1. Key Learning Points
11.2. Organization and the “Team of Teams” Transition
11.3. Organization Structures
11.3.1. Conway’s Law
11.4. Alternatives for Structuring Organizations
11.4.1. Lightweight Project Management Across Functions
11.4.2. Heavyweight Project Management Across Functions
11.4.3. Product Team, Virtual Functions
11.4.4. Skunkworks Model
11.4.5. Final Thoughts on Organizational Form
11.5. IT Resources Management
11.5.1. Accountability and Performance
11.6. Culture
11.6.1. The Concept of Commander’s Intent
11.6.2. Limitations of Culture
11.7. Industry Frameworks
11.8. Summary
11.9. Test Yourself Questions
11.10. Recommended Reading
Context IV: Enduring Enterprise
12. Governance, Risk, Security, and Compliance
12.1. Key Learning Points
12.2. Introduction to Governance
12.3. Governance and Management in a Digital Context
12.4. Risk and Compliance
12.4.1. Risk
12.4.2. Compliance
12.5. Assurance
12.6. Audit
12.7. Security
12.7.1. Security as a Form of Applied Risk Management
12.7.2. Basic Security Terms
12.8. Evolving Governance for Digital
12.9. Summary
12.10. Test Yourself Questions
12.11. Recommended Reading
13. Information Management
13.1. Key Learning Points
13.2. Information Management
13.3. Data Management
13.4. The Ontology Problem
13.5. Data Modeling
13.6. The Concept of System of Record
13.7. Data Quality
13.8. Enterprise Records Management
13.9. Data Governance
13.10. Agile Information Management Techniques
13.11. Summary
13.12. Test Yourself Questions
13.13. Recommended Reading
14. Architecture
14.1. Key Learning Points
14.2. Introduction to Architecture
14.3. Why Architecture?
14.4. Architecture as a Staff Function
14.5. Enterprise Architecture and the Operating Model
14.6. The Value of Enterprise Architecture
14.6.1. Reducing the Cost of Delay
14.7. Architecture Practices
14.7.1. Architecture and Governance
14.7.2. Architecture as a Management Program
14.7.3. Modeling and Visualization
14.7.4. IT Lifecycles
14.7.5. Architecture and Rationalization
14.8. Architecture Repositories and Knowledge Management
14.9. Architecture Domains
14.9.1. Architecture Perspectives
14.10. Agile and Architecture
14.11. Summary
14.12. Test Yourself Questions
14.13. Recommended Reading
Appendix A: Answers to Test Yourself Questions
Appendix B: Test Yourself Examination Paper
B.1. Examination Paper
Appendix C: Test Yourself Examination Paper Answers
Index
Preface
The Open Group
The Open Group is a global consortium that enables the achievement of business objectives through technology standards. Our diverse membership of more than 700 organizations includes customers, systems and solutions suppliers, tools vendors, integrators, academics, and consultants across multiple industries.
The mission of The Open Group is to drive the creation of Boundaryless Information Flow™ achieved by:
• Working with customers to capture, understand, and address current and emerging requirements, establish policies, and share best practices
• Working with suppliers, consortia, and standards bodies to develop consensus and facilitate interoperability, to evolve and integrate specifications and open source technologies
• Offering a comprehensive set of services to enhance the operational efficiency of consortia
• Developing and operating the industry’s premier certification service and encouraging procurement of certified products
Further information on The Open Group is available at www.opengroup.org.
The Open Group publishes a wide range of technical documentation, most of which is focused on development of Standards and Guides, but which also includes white papers, technical studies, certification and testing documentation, and business titles. Full details and a catalog are available at www.opengroup.org/library.
This Document
This document is a Study Guide for the DPBoK™ Foundation certification. This first edition is aligned with the Digital Practitioner Body of Knowledge Standard™, Version 1.0, also known as the DPBoK Standard. It gives an overview of every learning objective included in the syllabus, and in-depth coverage on preparing and taking the DPBoK Part 1 Examination. It is specifically designed to help individuals prepare for the examination.
DPBoK Foundation certification can help:
• Those who require a first introduction and basic understanding of the Digital Practitioner Body of Knowledge Standard
• Individuals who wish to create and manage product offerings with an increasing digital component, or lead their organization through Digital Transformation
• IT professionals working within any size organization, from a startup through to a large enterprise, that has adopted digital approaches
The audience for this document is:
• Senior digital business professionals, up to and including C-level, who need an increased awareness of digital practices
• Mid-career IT professionals who need retraining to stay relevant and validate their digital Subject Matter Expert (SME) status in specific domain areas
• Entry-level computing and digital business professionals
• College-level students and computing and digital business majors
The high-level structure of the document is summarized as follows:
•Chapter 1, Introduction provides a brief introduction to DPBoK Foundation certification, including the DPBoK Part 1 Examination
•Chapter 2, An Introduction to the DPBoK Standard provides a first introduction to key teminology, key concepts such as digital-first, Digital Transformation, and also the structure of the Body of Knowledge
•Chapter 3, Digital Value describes the basic concepts employed by the Digital Practitioner, such as why people want digital, computing, or IT services; the general outlines of their structure; how they come into being; and how they change over time
•Chapter 4, Digital Infrastructure describes the overall capabilities of digital infrastructure and initial concerns for its effective, efficient, and secure operation
•Chapter 5, Application Delivery describes the fundamental objectives and activities of application development
•Chapter 6, Product Management describes why product management is formalized as a company or team grows, and the differences between product and project management
•Chapter 7, Work Management describes the key concerns and practices of work management as a team increases in size
•Chapter 8, Operations Management describes the basic concepts and practices of operations management in a digital/IT context
•Chapter 9, Coordination and Process describes how to coordinate as the organization grows into multiple teams and multiple products
•Chapter 10, Investment and Portfolio describes aspects of IT investment and portfolio management, including finance, sourcing, portfolio management, Service Catalogs, and project management
•Chapter 11, Organization and Culture describes various aspects of organizational structure, human resources, and cultural factors, as an organization goes through the “team of teams” transition
•Chapter 12, Governance, Risk, Security, and Compliance describes the core aspects of governance, risk, security, and compliance, as an organization operates at enterprise scale
•Chapter 13, Information Management describes the basic aspects of information and data management on a large scale; this involves the establishment of formal governance, control, and management techniques for information
•Chapter 14, Architecture describes key practices and methods for managing complexity using Enterprise Architecture
How to Use this Document
The chapters in this document are arranged to cover the DPBoK Foundation syllabus and should be read in order. Where a topic requires further information from a later part in the syllabus, a cross-reference is provided.
Within each chapter are “Key Learning Points” and “Summary” sections that help you to easily identify what you need to know for each topic.
Conventions Used in this Document
The following conventions are used throughout this document in order to help identify important information and avoid confusion over the intended meaning:
• (Syllabus reference Unit X, Learning Outcome LO-xxx: Statement)Used at the start of a text block to identify the DPBoK Foundation syllabus learning outcome.
• Ellipsis (…)Indicates a continuation; such as an incomplete list of example items, or a continuation from preceding text.
•BoldUsed to highlight specific terms.
•ItalicsUsed for emphasis. May also refer to other external documents.
In addition to typographical conventions, the following conventions are used to highlight segments of text:
Note
A Note box is used to highlight useful or interesting information.
Tip
A Tip box is used to provide key information that can save you time or that may not be entirely obvious.
About the Author
This document builds on materials from the Digital Practitioner Body of Knowledge Standard published by The Open Group. The author listed here has prepared this document. See the Acknowledgements section for more information.
Andrew Josey, The Open Group
Andrew Josey is VP Standards and Certification, overseeing all certification and testing programs of The Open Group. He also manages the standards process for The Open Group. Since joining the company in 1996, Andrew has been closely involved with the standards development, certification, and testing activities of The Open Group. He has led many standards development projects including specification and certification development for the ArchiMate®, TOGAF®, POSIX®, and UNIX® programs. Most recently he has led the development of the TOGAF Business Architecture Level 1 certification credential and DPBoK Foundation certification. He has led the automation of The Open Group standards development using a GitLab-based automated build toolchain. He is the lead author of this document.
He is a member of the IEEE, USENIX, and the Association of Enterprise Architects (AEA). He holds an MSc in Computer Science from University College London.
Trademarks
ArchiMate®, DirecNet®, Making Standards Work®, Open O® logo, Open O and Check® Certification logo, OpenPegasus®, Platform 3.0®, The Open Group®, TOGAF®, UNIX®, UNIXWARE®, and the Open Brand X® logo are registered trademarks and Agile Architecture Framework™, Boundaryless Information Flow™, Build with Integrity Buy with Confidence™, Dependability Through Assuredness™, Digital Practitioner Body of Knowledge™, DPBoK™, EMMM™, FACE™, the FACE™ logo, FBP™, FHIM Profile Builder™, the FHIM logo, IT4IT™, the IT4IT™ logo, O-AAF™, O-DEF™, O-HERA™, O-PAS™, Open FAIR™, Open Platform 3.0™, Open Process Automation™, Open Subsurface Data Universe™, Open Trusted Technology Provider™, O-SDU™, Sensor Integration Simplified™, SOSA™, and the SOSA™ logo are trademarks of The Open Group.
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Android™ is a trademark of Google LLC.
Apple® is a registered trademark of Apple Inc.
CISSP® is a registered certification mark of the International Information Systems Security Certification Consortium, Inc.
COBIT® is a registered trademark of ISACA.
DMBOK® is a registered trademark of DAMA International.
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All other brands, company, and product names are used for identification purposes only and may be trademarks that are the sole property of their respective owners.
Acknowledgments
The Open Group gratefully acknowledges The Open Group Digital Practitioners Work Group for developing the standard on which this document is based, and from which extensive material is drawn.
The Open Group gratefully acknowledges the contribution of the following people in the development of this document:
• Charles Betz
• David Lounsbury
The Open Group gratefully acknowledges the following reviewers who participated in the review of this document:
• Steve Else
• Chris Frost
• Paul Homan
• Robert Weisman
Referenced Documents
The following documents are referenced in this Guide.
(Please note that the links below are good at the time of writing but cannot be guaranteed for the future.)
[1] M. L. Abbott, M. T. Fisher, and T. Keeven, The Art of Scalability, Scalable Web Architecture, Processes, and Organizations for the Modern Enterprise, June 2015, published by Addison-Wesley
[2] G. Adzic, Impact Mapping: Making a Big Impact with Software Products and Projects, October 2012, published by Provoking Thoughts
[3] D. J. Anderson, Kanban: Successful Evolutionary Change for your Technology Business, April 2010, published by Blue Hole Press
[4] K. Beck, Extreme Programming Explained: Embrace Change, 2000, published by Addison-Wesley
[5] K. Beck et al., Manifesto for Agile Software Development, 2001; refer to www.agilemanifesto.org/
[6] K. Beck et al., Principles behind the Agile Manifesto, 2001; refer to www.agilemanifesto.org/principles.html
[7] C. Betz, The CMDB is Not a Data Warehouse, 2011, Integrated IT Management, published by Enterprise Management Associates
[8] J. Bezos, 2016 Letter to Amazon Shareholders, April 2017; refer to www.blog.aboutamazon.com/company-news/2016-letter-to-shareholders
[9] S. Blank, The Four Steps to the Epiphany: Successful Strategies for Products That Win, July, 2013, published by K & S Ranch
[10] F. P. Brooks, The Mythical Man-Month: Essays on Software Engineering, April 1975, published by Addison-Wesley
[11] M. Buckingham and A. Goodall, Reinventing Performance Management, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 93, No. 4, 2015
[12] J. Carlzon, Moments of Truth, 1987, published by Ballinger Pub Co
[13] M. E. Conway, How Do Committees Invent?, April 1968, published in Datamation Magazine; refer to www.melconway.com/research/committees.html
[14] J. DeLuccia, J. Gallimore, G. Kim, and B. Miller, The DevOps Audit Defense Toolkit, March 2015, published by IT Revolution
[15] A. Edmondson, Psychological Safety and Learning Behavior in Work Teams, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 44, No. 2, June 1999, published by the Johnson Graduate School of Management, Cornell University
[16]P. Harpring, Introduction to Controlled Vocabularies: Terminology for Art, Architecture and other Cultural Works, April 2010, published by Getty Publications
[17] L. Hassi and M. Laasko, Design Thinking in the Management Discourse: Defining the Elements of the Concept, June 2011, published by the 18th International Product Development Management Conference
[18] D. Hornford, S. Sabesan, V. Sriram, and K. Street, The Seven Levers of Digital Transformation (W17d), September 2017, published by The Open Group; refer to www.opengroup.org/library/w17d
[19] M. Housman and D. Minor, Toxic Workers, 2015, published by Harvard Business School
[20] ISACA, COBIT® 5, 2012; refer to m.isaca.org/cobit/Documents/COBIT-5-Introduction.pdf
[21] W. A. Kahn, Psychological Conditions of Personal Engagement and Disengagement at Work, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 33, No.4, December 1990, published by Academy of Management
[22] G. Kim, J. Humble, P. Debois, and J. Willis, The DevOps Handbook: How to Create World-Class Agility, Reliability, and Security in Technology Organizations, December 2016, published by Trade Select
[23] T. A. Limoncelli, S. R. Chalup, and C. J. Hogan, The Practice of Cloud System Administration: Designing and Operating Large Distributed Systems, September 2014, published by Addison-Wesley
[24] T. Malone and K. Crowston, The Interdisciplinary Study of Coordination, ACM Computing Surveys, Vol. 26, No. 1, March 1994
[25] S. S. McChrystal, T. Collins, D. Silverman, and C. Fussell, Team of Teams: New Rules of Engagement for a Complex World, November 2015, published by Penguin
[26] P. Mell and T. Grance, The NIST Definition of Cloud Computing, Special Publication 800-145, September 2011, published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology; refer to nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-145.pdf
[27] K. Morris, Infrastructure as Code: Managing Servers in the Cloud, June 2016, published by O’Reilly Media
[28] A. Osterwalder and Y. Pigneur, Business Model Generation, July 2010, published by Wiley
[29] D. Parkhill, Challenge of the Computer Utility, September 1966, published by Addison-Wesley
[30] M. Poppendieck and T. Poppendieck, Implementing Lean Software Development: From Concept to Cash, September 2006, published by Addison-Wesley
[31] D.G. Reinertsen, Managing the Design Factory: a Product Developer’s Toolkit, March 1998, published by Free Press
[32] E. Ries, The Lean Startup: How Constant Innovation Creates Radically Successful Businesses, October 2011, published by Portfolio Penguin
[33] E. Rogers, Diffusion of Innovations, November 2003, published by Free Press
[34]W. E. Schneider, The Reengineering Alternative: a Plan for Making Your Current Culture Work, September 1999, published by McGraw-Hill
[35] K. Schwaber, The Enterprise and Scrum, June 2007, published by Microsoft Press
[36] K. Schwaber and M. I. Beedle, Agile Software Development with Scrum, October 2001, published by Pearson
[37] C. Sims and H. L. Johnson, Scrum: a Breathtakingly Brief and Agile Introduction, April 2012, published by Dymaxicon
[38] P. G. Smith and D.G. Reinertsen, Developing Products in Half the Time: New Rules, New Tools, October 1997, published by Wiley
[39] D. E. Strode and S. L. Huff, A Taxonomy of Dependencies in Agile Software Development, 2012, 23rd Australasian Conference on Information Systems
[40] D. E. Strode, S. L. Huff, B. Hope, and S. Link, Coordination in Co-located Agile Software Development Projects, The Journal of Systems and Software, Vol. 85, June 2012.
[41] The Open Group, ArchiMate® 3.1 Specification, a standard of The Open Group (C197), November 2019, published by The Open Group; refer to www.opengroup.org/library/c197
[42] The Open Group, The Digital Practitioner Body of Knowledge™ Standard, (The DPBoK™ Standard), a standard of The Open Group (C196), July 2019, published by The Open Group; refer to www.opengroup.org/library/c196
[43] The Open Group IT4IT™ Reference Architecture, Version 2.1, a standard of The Open Group (C171), January 2017, published by The Open Group; refer to www.opengroup.org/library/c171
[44] The Open Group, TOGAF® Series Guide: Business Models (G18A) June 2018, published by The Open Group; refer to www.opengroup.org/library/g18a
[45] The Open Group, The TOGAF® Standard, Version 9.2, a standard of The Open Group (C182), April 2018, published by The Open Group; refer to www.opengroup.org/library/c182
[46] W. Royce, Managing the Development of Large Software Systems, August 1970, published by Proc. IEEE WESCON
[47] M. Treacy and F. Wiersma, The Discipline of Market Leaders: Choose Your Customers, Narrow Your Focus, Dominate Your Market, January 1997, published by Basic Books
Chapter 1. Introduction
This chapter provides an introduction to this document.
1.1. Key Learning Points
This document is a Study Guide for students studying for the DPBoK Foundation certification. This edition is aligned to the DPBoK Standard, Version 1.0. It will familiarize you with all the topics that you need to know in order to pass the DPBoK Part 1 Examination.
It gives an overview of every learning objective included in the syllabus and in-depth coverage on preparing and taking the examination. It is specifically designed to help individuals prepare for the examination.
(Syllabus Reference: Unit 13, Learning Outcome LO-DPBoK-Certification: You should be able to explain the DPBoK Certification Program)
This first chapter will provide you with important information on the DPBoK Certification Program, and the structure of the DPBoK Part 1 Examination.
1.2. The Open Group Certification for People Program
Certification is available to individuals who wish to demonstrate they have attained the required knowledge and understanding of the DPBoK Standard. At the time of writing there is a single level defined for DPBoK Certification for People Program, denoted Level 1, which leads to certification at DPBoK Foundation. This Study Guide covers DPBoK Foundation.
Why become certified?
Becoming certified demonstrates clearly to employers and peers your commitment to being a Digital Practitioner. In particular, it demonstrates that you possess a body of core knowledge about the DPBoK Standard as an open, industry standard framework. The Open Group publishes the definitive directory of DPBoK certified individuals, and issues certificates and Open Badges.
1.3. The DPBoK Foundation Certification
The purpose of certification for DPBoK Foundation is to provide validation that the individual has gained knowledge of the foundational set of concepts for the Digital Practitioner.
The certification can help:
•Those who require an introduction and basic understanding of the DPBoK Standard
• Individuals who wish to create and manage product offerings with an increasing digital component, or lead their organization through Digital Transformation
• IT professionals working within any size organization, from a startup through to a large enterprise, that has adopted digital approaches
The learning objectives at this level focus on knowledge and comprehension.
1.4. The DPBoK Level 1 Syllabus
Individuals certified to DPBoK Foundation will have demonstrated their knowledge and understanding of:
• The key concepts of Digital Transformation, digital-first, and the structure of the DPBoK Standard
• The basic concepts (“the Digital Fundamentals”) employed by the Digital Practitioner
• The capabilities of digital infrastructure
• The fundamental objectives and activities of application development
• The need for formalized product management as a company or team grows
• The key concerns and practices of work management as a team increases in size
• The basic concepts and practices of operations management in a digital/IT context
• How to coordinate as an organization grows into multiple teams and multiple organizations
• IT investment and portfolio management, including finance, sourcing, portfolio management, Service Catalogs, and project management
• Organizational structure, human resources, and cultural factors, as an organization goes through the “team of teams” transition
• Governance, risk, security, and compliance, as an organization operates at enterprise scale
• Information and data management on a large scale, including the establishment of formal governance, control, and management techniques for information
• Practices and methods for managing complexity using Enterprise Architecture
Examination
Certification for DPBoK Foundation is achieved by passing the DPBoK Part 1 Examination. This is a multiple-choice examination with 40 questions.
The topic areas covered by the examination together with the number of questions per area in the examination follow:
1. An Introduction to the DPBoK Standard (3 questions)
2. Digital Value (3 questions)
3.Digital Infrastructure (4 questions)
4. Application Delivery (4 questions)
5. Product Management (3 questions)
6. Work Management (4 questions)
7. Operations Management (3 questions)
8. Coordination and Process (3 questions)
9. Investment and Portfolio (3 questions)
10. Organization and Culture (2 questions)
11. Governance, Risk, Security, and Compliance (3 questions)
12. Information Management (2 questions)
13. Architecture (3 questions)
1.4.1. Format of the Examination Questions
The examination questions are multiple-choice questions. These are very similar in format to the Test Yourself questions included in each chapter. Note that the exact format for display is test center-specific and will be made clear on the display monitor when taking the examination.
Exam Tip
Please read each question carefully before reading the answer options. Be aware that some questions may seem to have more than one right answer, but you are to look for the one that makes the most sense and is the most correct.
1.4.2. What ID do I need to present to take the examination?
You should consult with the examination provider regarding the forms of picture ID you are required to present to verify your identity.
1.4.3. Can I refer to materials while I take the examination?
No, it is a closed-book examination.
1.4.4. If I fail, how soon can I retake the examination?
You should check the current policy on The Open Group website. At the time of writing, the policy states that individuals who have failed the examination are not allowed to retake the examination within one (1) month of the first sitting.
1.5. Preparing for the Examination
You can prepare for the examination by working through this Study Guide section-by-section. After completing each section, you should answer the Test Yourself questions, and read the referenced sections from the DPBoK documentation. Once you have completed all the sections in this Study Guide, you can then attempt the Test Yourself examination paper in Appendix B. It is designed to give a thorough test of your knowledge. If you have completed all the prescribed preparation and can attain a pass mark for the Test Yourself examination paper as described in Appendix C, then it is likely you are ready to sit the examination.
1.6. Summary
The Open Group Certification for People: DPBoK Certification Program is a knowledge-based certification program. At the time of writing it has a single level, which leads to certification for DPBoK Foundation.
The topic for this Study Guide is preparation for taking the DPBoK Part 1 Examination that leads to the DPBoK Foundation certification. The examination comprises 40 simple multiple-choice questions to be completed in one hour.
Preparing for the examination includes the following steps:
• You should work through this Study Guide step-by-step
• At the end of each chapter, you should complete the Test Yourself questions and read the sections of the DPBoK documentation listed under Recommended Reading
• Once you have completed all the chapters in this Study Guide, you should attempt the Test Yourself examination paper provided in Appendix B
• If you can attain the target score in Appendix C, then you have completed your preparation
1.7. Test Yourself Questions
Q1: Which of the following describes the DPBoK Part 1 Examination?
A. It is an open-book examination
B. It has 40 simple multiple-choice questions
C. The exam policy requires you to wait 60 days before a retake
D. It contains at least four (4) questions related to product management
Q2: Which of the following is the prerequisite for taking this certification?
A. AEA membership
B. ITIL Foundation
C. TOGAF 9 Foundation
D.None required
Q3: Which of the following is a learning unit topic included in the DPBoK Level 1 Syllabus?
A. Architecture Governance
B. Digital Infrastructure
C. Interoperability Requirements
D. Value Streams
Q4: Which of the following describes the retake policy for the DPBoK Part 1 Examination?
A. You must wait seven (7) days before a retake
B. You can retake the exam immediately
C. You must wait one (1) month before a retake
D. You must wait three (3) weeks before a retake
1.8. Recommended Reading
• DPBoK Foundation Data Sheet
• The Open Group Certification for People: Certification Policy for Examination-Based Programs
• The Open Group Certification for People: DPBoK Conformance Requirements
• The Open Group DPBoK Certification website: www.opengroup.org/certifications/dpbok
Chapter 2. An Introduction to the DPBoK Standard
2.1. Key Learning Points
This chapter will help you to understand key terminology, key concepts such as digital-first, Digital Transformation, and also the structure of the Body of Knowledge.
Key Points Explained
This chapter will help you to answer the following questions:
• What are the key terms related to digital?
• What is a digital-first culture?
• What is Digital Transformation?
• What are the seven levers of change?
• How is the Body of Knowledge structured?
