The Music Producer's Ultimate Guide to FL Studio 21 E-Book

Joshua Au-Yeung

• Herausgeber: Packt Publishing
• Kategorie: Bildung
• Sprache: Englisch
• Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2023

Seitenzahl: 415

Beschreibung

The Music Producer's Ultimate Guide to FL Studio 21 is the essential handbook for any aspiring or professional music producer looking to take their craft to the next level.
This comprehensive guide covers everything you need to make the most of FL Studio 21's powerful tools and features. You will learn the secrets to creating professional-sounding music, from creating chord progressions to tailoring your sounds to perfection with compression, equalization, and stereo width effects.

You'll begin by getting up-and-running with FL Studio 21, creating a beat, and composing a melody. Once you're familiar with the piano roll and mixer console you'll learn how to use plugins to create your own instruments, explore audio width effects, and engage in sound design. You'll get insights into mixing and mastering, as well as promoting and selling your music.

This new edition covers some of the most popular features and plugins in FL Studio 21, including FLEX, Luxeverb, Vintage Chorus, Vintage Phaser, Distructor, Fruity Newtime, VFX Sequencer, Pitch Shifter, Frequency Shifter, Fruity Granulizer, Multiband Delay, and Frequency Splitter.

Leseprobe

The Music Producer’s Ultimate Guide to FL Studio 21

Second Edition

From beginner to pro: compose, mix, and master music

Joshua Au-Yeung

BIRMINGHAM—MUMBAI

The Music Producer’s Ultimate Guide to FL Studio 21

Second Edition

Copyright © 2023 Packt Publishing

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embedded in critical articles or reviews.

Every effort has been made in the preparation of this book to ensure the accuracy of the information presented. However, the information contained in this book is sold without warranty, either express or implied. Neither the author, nor Packt Publishing or its dealers and distributors, will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to have been caused directly or indirectly by this book.

Packt Publishing has endeavored to provide trademark information about all of the companies and products mentioned in this book by the appropriate use of capitals. However, Packt Publishing cannot guarantee the accuracy of this information.

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First published: February 2021

Second edition: June 2023

Production reference: 1200623

Published by Packt Publishing Ltd.Livery Place 35 Livery Street Birmingham B3 2PB, UK.

ISBN 978-1-83763-165-0

www.packt.com

To my parents – my mother for her devotion, love, and care, and my father for his boundless curiosity, support, and determination.

To my friends – Sasha, for her encouragement, dedication, and kindness. To Jagdeep, Ryan, Pavel, and Tomo for making me laugh.

Contributors

About the author

Joshua Au-Yeung (professionally known as Chester Sky) is a music producer, composer, director, and software developer. He’s published eleven music albums, directed and composed for short films, created board games, and hosted two podcasts. He’s an instructor for several online courses, including bestselling courses on music production and composing for films and creating art using artificial intelligence. Joshua has also written two other books with Packt Publishing, titled The Music Producer’s Ultimate Guide to FL Studio 20 and Music for Film and Game Soundtracks with FL Studio.

About the reviewers

Alad Joseph Solomon is a music producer with a unique background that helped shape his career. Coming from an area of India where music education opportunities are limited, he is a self-taught musician who has worked hard to hone his skills in music production.

Since completing an audio engineering course, he has worked on a variety of projects, including regional films, creating songs for various albums, and designing sounds for a range of applications. Alad is particularly passionate about developing plugins that can create unique and captivating soundscapes.

Through his work as a music producer, Alad has established a reputation for creating music that experiments with different sounds and genres, continually pushing the boundaries of what is possible in music production. He is excited to continue exploring new sounds and techniques, and to create music that inspires and moves others.

Gilde Flores is an award-winning and Grammy-nominated music producer and composer with over 25 years of experience as a professional in the entertainment industry. Flores contributes his music to countless TV shows, films, video games, advertisements, and trailer campaigns, including the scoring of an HBO Max series. Flores has also collaborated with legendary producer Timothy “Timbaland” Mosley on numerous projects.

In addition to his work as a producer and composer, Flores is also committed to giving back to the industry he loves. He currently serves on two committees for the Recording Academy, the Education Committee and the Songwriters and Composers Committee, where he works to help support and advance the careers of fellow music professionals. He also serves as a mentor for the Recording Academy’s “Grammy U” program, inspiring and guiding the next generation of music creators.

Contents

Preface

Who this book is for

What’s new in the second edition

How to use this book

What this book covers

Get in touch

Section I: Getting Up and Running with FL Studio

Getting Started with FL Studio

Technical requirements

Exploring the music production landscape

The musician’s career path

Steps of composing a song

What is FL Studio?

Exploring the FL Studio workspace

Making your first song

Creating a drum beat with the channel rack

Adding an instrument to the channel rack

Creating a melody with the piano roll

Routing channels to the mixer

Exporting the song

Song exporting options

Summary

Exploring the Browser, Playlist, and Channel Rack

Introducing the FL Studio workbench

Using the browser

Locating a sample’s file location

Searching in the browser

Getting the most out of your samples

Adding your own samples to the browser

Swapping samples

Using the channel rack

Channel rack options

Piano roll

Graph editor

The Rename, color and icon option

Instrument options

Detaching windows

Installing new instruments

Using channel rack layers

Using the playlist

The playlist toolbar

Element pattern options

Using the main header toolbar features

Version control

Revert to last backup

Audio Stream Input/Output (ASIO)

Purge unused audio clips

Undo and redo

Viewing project info

Summary

Composing with the Piano Roll

Using the piano roll

Choosing an instrument

Adding notes in the piano roll

Selecting multiple notes

Deleting notes

Muting and unmuting notes

Slicing notes

Sliding notes

Using the stamp tool to get assistance with scales

Composing great chord progressions

Recording into the piano roll with MIDI instruments

The snap-to-grid (magnet) tool

Quantizing notes

Editing note articulations with the event editor

Using piano roll velocity

Comparing instrument melodies with ghost notes

Exporting sheet music

Using and exporting MIDI scores

Summary

Routing to the Mixer and Applying Automation

What is mixing?

Routing audio to the mixer

Navigating the mixer console

Understanding the insert mixer track

Understanding the master channel

Understanding the effects rack

Applying an effect

Applying automation

Editing automation clips

Applying automation to external third-party plugins

Using MultiLink to controllers to add automation

Creating an editor thumbnail to add automation

Freezing audio clips

Summary

Section II: Music Production Fundamentals

Sound Design and Audio Envelopes

What is sound?

What causes a note’s pitch?

How do we hear things?

How do instruments create sound with different pitches?

Why do different instruments playing the same pitch sound different?

Modifying sound envelopes

Using Mod X and Mod Y for automation

What’s the point of Mod X and Mod Y?

Summary

Compression, Sidechaining, Limiting, and Equalization

Understanding compression

Applying compression with Fruity Limiter

Understanding parallel compression

Applying gates and expanders

When to use gating

Applying sidechaining

Using limiters

Applying equalization

EQ best practices

EQ general rules

Summary

Stereo Width (Panning, Reverb, Delay, Chorus, and Flangers) and Distortion

Panning audio

Panning best practices

Using reverb

Applying digital reverb with Fruity Reeverb 2

Applying convolution reverb with Fruity Convolver

Using LuxeVerb

Using delay effects

Applying delay effects with Fruity Delay 3

Delay effect best practices

Using chorus effects

Using Fruity Chorus

Chorus effect best practices

Using Vintage Chorus

Using flanger effects

Using phaser effects

Using Vintage Phaser

Understanding distortion effects

Using Distructor

Distortion best practices

Understanding mix buses

Mix bus best practices

Summary

Recording Live Audio and Vocal Processing

Technical requirements

Understanding microphones

Dynamic microphones

Condenser microphones

Ribbon microphones

USB microphones

Setting up your recording environment

Recording instruments

Recording drum kits

Preparing to record vocals

Using pop filters

Recording audio into FL Studio

Recording with Edison

Loop recording with Edison

Using pitch correction with Newtone

Pitch correction best practices

Retiming audio samples with Newtime

Vocals effect processing best practices

Backing vocals effects best practices

Summary

Vocoders and Vocal Chops

Understanding vocoders

Understanding MIDI

Using vocoders

Harmonizing vocals with Pitcher

Using Vocodex

Vocoder best practices

Creating vocal chops

Using Slicex to create vocal chops

Vocal chopping considerations

Summary

Creating Your Own Instruments and Effects

Understanding glitch effects

Creating glitch effects with Gross Beat

Gross Beat presets

Mapping time and volume effects to a sample

Gross Beat sequencer

Creating instruments with DirectWave

Creating effects with Patcher

Creating custom dashboards in Patcher

Send any instrument to Patcher

Exploring Patcher presets

Using VFX Sequencer

Summary

Intermediate Mixing Topics and Sound Design Plugin Effects

Using Pitch Shifter

Controlling Pitch Shifter effects with a controller

Using Frequency Shifter

Creating granular synthesis with Fruity Granulizer

Creating delay effects with Multiband Delay

Multiband processing with Frequency Splitter

Using Frequency Splitter for mastering

Summary

Section III: Postproduction and Publishing Your Music

Mastering Fundamentals

What is mastering?

Can you master music yourself?

When should you master your music?

How do I get good at mastering?

What equipment do I use to master music?

Equalization in mastering

Diagnosing frequency problems

Understanding spectrograms

Adjusting dynamics

Using multiband compressors

Applying multiband compression with Maximus

I’ve compressed my sound, now what?

Using reference tracks

What are saturators/harmonic exciters?

Understanding limiters

Understanding stereo imaging with vectorscopes

Stereo imaging best practices

Listening to your audio in different environments

Exporting audio for third-party mixing and mastering

Summary

Marketing, Content Creation, Getting Fans, and Going Viral

Marketing essentials

Creating a brand

Choosing your artist name

Creating a website

Making the most of your live performances

Booking your first gigs

Filming your shows

Streaming performances online

Collaborating with others to promote yourself

Getting more views on YouTube

What about YouTube video titles and thumbnails?

TikTok for musicians

Creating album artwork using AI art generators (Stable Diffusion)

Creating music visuals with ZGameEditor Visualizer

Summary

Publishing and Selling Music Online

Registering your music

Tagging your music in preparation for distribution

Selling music on online stores and streaming services

Get signed to labels using LabelRadar

Selling music as an independent artist

DistroKid walk-through

Claiming revenue from songs on YouTube using AdRev

What are ISRC, ISWC, and UPC codes?

Summary

Share your music

Conclusion

More from the author

Further reading

Other Books You May Enjoy

Index

Landmarks

Cover

Index

Preface

FL Studio is a cutting-edge software music production environment. It’s an extremely powerful and easy-to-use tool for creating music. This book will cover everything you need to know to produce music with FL Studio at a professional level.

You’ll begin by exploring FL Studio’s vast array of tools and discover best practices, tips, and tricks for creating music. You’ll learn how to set up your studio environment, create a beat, compose a melody and chord progression, mix sounds with effects, and export songs. You’ll learn how to use tools such as the piano roll, the mixer console, audio envelopes, types of compression, equalizers, vocoders, vocal chops, and tools for increasing stereo width.

The book introduces you to mixing best practices and how to mix and master your songs. Along the way, you’ll explore glitch effects and create your own instruments and custom-designed effect chains and sound design. We’ll also cover ZGameEditor Visualizer, a tool for creating reactive visuals for your songs. Finally, you’ll learn how to register, sell, and promote your music.

By the end of this FL Studio book, you’ll be able to utilize cutting-edge tools to fuel your creative ideas, mix and master music effectively, and publish your songs.

Who this book is for

This book is for musicians, music producers, composers, songwriters, DJs, and audio engineers interested in creating their own music, improving their music production skills, mixing and mastering music, and selling songs online. To get started with this book, all you need is a computer and FL Studio.

What’s new in the second edition

In this second edition of the book I include topics on FL Studio’s newly added plugins. I’ve added topics on Luxeverb, Vintage Chorus, Vintage Phaser, Distructor, Fruity Newtime, VFX Sequencer, Pitch Shifter, Frequency Shifter, Fruity Granulizer, Multiband Delay, and Frequency Splitter.

I have also updated existing topics to ensure you’re using the latest and greatest FL Studio features.

How to use this book

This book is organized in a logical order assuming you know nothing at the start and gradually builds up skills and techniques as you progress. I’ve tried to compartmentalize topics so you can jump into any chapter and learn the topic without having to rely too much on other chapters. My goal is for this book to act as an easy-to-use reference guide regardless of whether you’re new to music production or on your way to becoming a pro and just want to learn the ins and outs of a specific FL Studio feature.

What this book covers

Section I: Getting Up and Running with FL Studio

Chapter 1, Getting Started with FL Studio, introduces you to FL Studio. Here we’ll discuss a brief history of music production, the musician career path, and overall process of song creation you’ll discover throughout this book. You’ll end the chapter by creating your first song and learning how to export music out of FL Studio.

Chapter 2, Exploring the Browser, Playlist, and Channel Rack, helps you learn about the main features in the browser, playlist, and channel rack. These, along with the piano roll and mixer, are the core tools of FL Studio.

Chapter 3, Composing with the Piano Roll, helps you understand how the piano roll adds melody notes, arranges them, adjusts the inflection of notes, and easily moves notes between instruments. You’ll learn tips for creating excellent chord progressions from scratch. Once you know how to use the piano roll, you’ll be able to compose melodies for any instrument.

Chapter 4, Routing to the Mixer and Applying Automation, gets you familiar with the process of how audio is passed around the mixer in order to apply effects to your music. We’ll explore methods of automating effects and how to freeze audio.

Section II: Music Production Fundamentals

Chapter 5, Sound Design and Audio Envelopes, lays the foundation of how sound works. We’ll learn what it is, how it’s manipulated, and how instruments create sounds. We’ll learn how to use Mod X and Mod Y as another method of applying automation.

Chapter 6, Compression, Sidechaining, Limiting, and Equalization, teaches you mixing techniques with compressors and equalizers. We’ll explore the Fruity Limiter and Fruity Parametric EQ 2 plugins.

Chapter 7, Stereo Width (Panning, Reverb, Delay, Chorus, and Flangers) and Distortion, explores tools to increase stereo width. We’ll explore the Reeverb 2, Fruity Convolver, Luxeverb, Fruity Delay 3, Fruity Chorus, Vintage Chorus and Fruity Flanger, Fruity Phaser, Vintage Phaser, and Distructor plugins.

Chapter 8, Recording Live Audio and Vocal Processing, discusses the setup and preparation you need before recording. We’ll learn how to record into FL Studio, how to mix your vocals, and best practices for applying effects to vocals. We’ll explore microphones, record audio with Edison and pitch correct with the Newtone plugin. We’ll learn how to retime audio samples with the Newtime plugin.

Chapter 9, Vocoders and Vocal Chops, teaches you about special effects that can be used on vocals. We’ll discuss how to create vocal harmonies and how to use vocoders to modulate your vocals with an instrument. We’ll explore the Pitcher, Vocodex, and Slicex plugins.

Chapter 10, Creating Your Own Instruments and Effects, teaches you how to create glitch effects with sounds, transform samples into playable instruments, and create custom instruments and effect chains that can be reused in any project. We’ll explore the Gross Beat, DirectWave, and Patcher plugins. We’ll learn how to use the advanced arpeggiator called VFX Sequencer inside Patcher.

Chapter 11, Intermediate Mixing Topics and Sound Design Plugin Effects, introduces you to FL Studio’s sound design plugins. We’ll explore Pitch Shifter, adjusting frequencies with Frequency Shifter, stretching audio waves with Fruity Granulizer, and delay effects with Multiband Delay. We’ll learn multiband processing with Frequency splitter.

Section III: Postproduction and Publishing Your Music

Chapter 12, Mastering Fundamentals, helps you understand the mastering process. This will help your music get to production-level quality and be ready for distribution. We’ll explore using the Maximus plugin to master your music.

Chapter 13, Marketing, Content Creation, Getting Fans, and Going Viral, will help you learn about developing your brand, marketing/promoting yourself, getting booked for music gigs, developing a show, suggestions for musicians using YouTube and TikTok, and tips for creating visuals for your music. We’ll explore using the ZGameEditor Visualizer plugin to create reactive visuals.

Chapter 14, Publishing and Selling Music Online, helps you understand how you can release your music online to the world and collect royalty revenue.

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Section I

Getting Up and Running with FL Studio

In this section, we will get up and running with FL Studio. We will learn how to navigate the FL Studio workspace and learn core tools such as the piano roll and mixer console. We will learn essential skills for anyone working with music: composing melodies and routing tracks to the mixer.

We will cover the following chapters in this section:

Chapter 1, Getting Started with FL StudioChapter 2, Exploring the Browser, Playlist, and Channel RackChapter 3, Composing with the Piano RollChapter 4, Routing to the Mixer and Applying Automation

1

Getting Started with FL Studio

Think about your favorite songs. What makes you like them? Is it the melody, the chords, the catchy rhythm? Maybe a combination of a whole bunch of things that fit together perfectly. Perhaps you’ve tried making songs at home and realized there’s a big difference between the sound you’re making and the level of professionalism you hear from your favorite musicians.

In the pages ahead, you’ll learn the ins and outs of music production and be well on your way to making music similar to your favorite songs. You’ll learn about tools used for composing, mixing, mastering, and publishing your music. By the time you’ve finished reading this book, you’ll have all the tools you need to create music at a professional level.

In this chapter, you’ll be introduced to music production and FL Studio. Here, you’ll create your first song and export it out of FL Studio.

This chapter comprises the following topics:

Exploring the music production landscapeA musician’s career pathSteps of composing a songWhat is FL Studio?Making your first songExporting music from FL Studio

We’ll start with a general overview of what FL Studio is and what it can do for you.

Technical requirements

In this chapter, we’ll be using FL Studio. You can download a free trial version or a paid version of FL Studio from https://www.image-line.com/. So if you’re hesitant about paying, you can download and try out all of FL Studio’s features before buying. The difference is you won’t be able to open saved projects until you obtain a paid version, but you can still try out all the plugins.

Exploring the music production landscape

Music production has changed significantly in the last two decades. Before, a musician required the assistance of a music producer. You’d go to a studio to meet with a series of technicians who’d play around with mixing equipment that cost as much as your car or house. Then, you’d sign a deal locking you into a music contract for the foreseeable future. The studio would control how your album got released and what royalties you got paid. You had very little negotiating power.

Digital Audio Workstations (known as DAWs) changed everything. Software came out that revolutionized the music playing field. It became possible to be a music producer in your bedroom using just your computer. Nowadays, most music producers create music on their own long before they venture into a recording studio (if they do at all).

Studios started to decrease their investment in developing artists from scratch. They preferred artists that already had success and popularity with fans before considering them. ITunes appeared, along with iPods and smartphones that could hold an entire music catalog in your pocket. Consumers wanted to get their music online instead of from physical stores so that they could download music directly onto their phones. Independent artists gained the ability to sell their music online on their own. Artists could now release their own music and collect their own royalties.

Music streaming platforms such as Spotify, Apple Music, Amazon Music, and YouTube became mainstream. Why buy individual songs when you can access all of them, all the time, anywhere you go? Consumers now have their own personalized playlist recommendations, filled with songs that suit their own personal taste. New artists can find their way onto a playlist by accident, subject to the whims of mystical algorithms behind the scenes.

All of this poses a powerful opportunity for the independent artist. You can promote yourself using tools equivalent to what record companies use. You can produce a song on your own, get your music into households around the world, and market your own brand. That’s what this book is about. It’s a handbook to show you the ins and outs of music production and jump-start your musical career. By the end of this book, you will know how to compose, record vocals, mix, master, market your music, and sell it online. This can all be done from home on a minimal budget.

The DAW we’ll use in this book is FL Studio. FL Studio is a music software suite that contains all the tools you’ll need to produce music. It’s one of the, if not the, leading music production workstation software currently on the market and is used by professional musicians all around the world.

The musician’s career path

Many of you reading this book will be looking for guidance on how to begin your music career. You’ve come to the right place. Whether you are a musician, DJ, composer, or music producer, this book will provide you with a how-to guide to making music.

Let’s briefly look at your career path ahead. First, you’ll spend some time getting familiar with your DAW. You’ll come up with song ideas, record, and learn mixing techniques. You might invest in music plugins, synthesizers, hardware, and samples to play with.

At a certain point, you’ll feel comfortable with your tools. It’s here you’ll realize that knowing how to use your tools is only one part of coming up with music. You need to develop a unique sound for yourself. To do this, you’ll go out and listen to lots of music you like. You’ll watch successful musicians and learn how to create similar sounds. You’ll experiment with genres to find one or a combination that resonates with you. You’ll begin to come up with ideas of your own that combine many influences.

You’ll share your music with friends and colleagues. Likely, you’ll want feedback from people who have some experience in the music business. You’ll reach out to local musician groups in your community and attend their meetings. If you stay on course, this cycle of inventing and feedback will shift your music from amateurish to something that other people will enjoy listening to.

You’ll get a few songs under your belt, and perhaps have an album ready to go. You’ll post your music online and come to the realization that even though your music is amazing, you don’t have many fans yet. How come? People don’t know about you yet. You’ll need to cultivate a brand identity that fans can relate to and get excited about. You’ll need to spend time thinking about the type of brand persona that you want to be recognized for. You’ll look into artwork and visuals. You might make them yourself or outsource the art creation to a third party. You’ll spend time on social media and websites, researching what other musicians are doing, and trying out their marketing techniques yourself.

You’ll have to figure out what kind of equipment you need to perform live. You’ll also need to come up with something visually impressive to entertain audiences. This could include costumes or some sort of game or gimmick that can be repeated with different crowds.

You’ll spend time thinking about banter and jokes that you can use to tie the gap between your songs while performing. Once again, you’ll research what other musicians have done on stage and try out their techniques yourself. You’ll discover that in order to have success getting booked at venues, it helps to have associated acts with you. You’ll team up with other bands to create a whole packaged performance that you can present to a venue. Congratulations, you now have a show that you can take on the road! You’re now a working musician. We’ve seen the big picture. It might seem like a lot now, but the good news is that most of the steps along the way are small and easy to do.

Steps of composing a song

Here’s a roadmap that you can keep in the back of your mind as you journey through making your songs. Rest assured, it’s easier than it sounds and is actually a lot of fun.

First, decide the parameters of the song. What mood, genre, and emotion do you want? Once your criteria are decided, come up with a melody and accompanying chords. Usually, the melody is experimented on with an instrument such as a keyboard or a guitar. You will likely go through a few iterations and drafts until you find a combination you like.

Now we have a melody and some accompanying chords. The melody notes are fed into a DAW as MIDI notes. From there, we select an instrument plugin to play the notes. This usually involves experimenting with different instrument plugins and possibly some sound design.

We add accompanying melodies and additional verses. We layer our instruments to thicken the sound. We add drums and percussion instruments to complement our melody. We add sound effects. This is a mix of single sound samples that could include percussion, rising and falling sounds, glitch effects, impacts, and drum fills.

If the song requires it, we record vocals. A vocalist is sought out and the song instrumental is sent to the singer to work on. Lyrics are written, and several vocal melody combinations are experimented with. The vocalist records the vocals. The singer and the music producer make adjustments to the song and go back and forth a few times, providing feedback to each other. The vocals are processed, usually separately from the instrumental at first, before adding the finished vocals back into the mix. Effects are applied to enhance the vocals.

We have our melodies, instruments, percussion, sound effects, and vocals. Now it’s time to begin mixing. Mixing is a process you take to polish your music and give it a professional feel. It requires understanding how instruments and sounds complement each other in a song and knowing how effects can enhance them.

This part gets very technical. This book will give you lots of tips and tricks to help you with mixing.

Our song is exported and shared with all parties involved. We give feedback to and collect feedback from each other and make adjustments.

Now it’s time for mastering. Mastering is what you do after you have a song that has been mixed. The goal is to make the song sound consistent regardless of what device you use to play the song. A song benefits from mastering in several aspects. It allows you to form a second opinion when listening to your song. It forces you to take a step back and re-evaluate your music from a distance from an audience’s perspective. Instead of tweaking individual notes and instruments, you’re now forced to think about how the song sounds as a whole package. What is the overall effect of the song on a listener? One way to think about mastering is that you’re thinking from a sales perspective. What will make this song have the widest appeal to listeners? This book will give you mastering tips and techniques.

Congratulations, you have a production-ready song! You register your music with the necessary organizations for your territory to prove your copyright ownership and that any rights and royalties belong to you.

You create music videos and cover art to give your audience something to look at while listening. Often, a song’s success is made or broken by the choice of visuals used.

You upload your music to an online distributor to sell your music on online stores and streaming platforms such as Spotify, Amazon, and so on. You upload your music videos to YouTube.

You leverage your social media and the existing fanbase you’ve curated ahead of time (hopefully). You self-promote your upcoming music release, tell everyone you know, and reach out to local outlets to play your music. Congratulations, you’ve published a song!

Composing a full song may seem like a lot of steps and quite technical, but rest assured, by the time you’ve finished this book, you’ll have a solid grasp of how to execute each of these steps. Hopefully, after going through this process, you’ll find it intuitive, fulfilling, and profitable.

So far, we’ve learned about music production from a high-level perspective. Now it’s time to get our hands dirty and start making music with FL Studio.

What is FL Studio?

FL Studio is a music production software. It’s a DAW consisting of tools, effects, and synthesizers designed to compose, mix, and master music.

It’s a software application used to record, edit, and produce audio with a collection of software plugins that can handle all your audio production needs, whether you are a musician, a film/video game composer, or a music producer. It has been designed to be quick to pick up and provides enough features to satisfy sound designers. Once you get comfortable with the main workflow, you’ll find it intuitive and easy to use. Most importantly, in my opinion, using FL Studio is fun and a delight to play with. I frequently find myself losing track of time while having fun with it.

You can download a free trial version of FL Studio, which allows you to try out all the features of the software; however, it won’t let you reopen your saved projects until you purchase a paid version.

FL Studio comes with several paid, tiered versions with more features for the higher tiers. A user can upgrade from a cheaper tier to a higher tier to unlock more features at any time. If you are unsure of what version you need, you can start with the cheapest tier and upgrade later to a higher tier. There is a $10 additional charge for upgrading. Here are the different editions:

The Fruity Edition is the cheapest. It includes all the basic features, such as access to the playlist, channel rack, and piano roll. It includes the Autogun, BassDrum, BeepMap, Drumpad, FLEX, Fruity Kick, Fruity DX10, Groove Machine Synth, VFX Sequencer, Fruity Granulizer, Frequency Splitter, Distructor, and MiniSynth plugins. It does not include audio recording.The Producer Edition includes all features in the Fruity Edition plus audio recording and post-production tools. It includes the Edison, Slicex (loop slicer and re-arranger), Sytrus, Maximus, Vocodex, Frequency Shifter, Multiband Delay, Newtime, and SynthMaker plugins. In this book, we include an introduction to the Edison, Slicex, Maximus, and Vocodex plugins.The Signature Bundle includes everything in the Producer Edition plus Fruity Video Player, the DirectWave sampler, Harmless, NewTone, Pitcher, Gross Beat, Vintage Chorus, Vintage Phaser, Pitch Shifter, and the Hardcore guitar effects suite. Fruity Video Player allows you to see videos in sync with your music, which is handy for film composers. In this book, we include an introduction to the DirectWave, NewTone, Pitcher, and Gross Beat plugins.The All Plugins Bundle includes all possible plugins and features, including a large selection of synthesizers.

To see a full comparison chart of the features offered in the different tiers, visit https://www.image-line.com/fl-studio/compare-editions/.

Exploring the FL Studio workspace

FL Studio is a software work environment. It comes equipped with tons of tools to assist you with your music creation. In order to create a song, you need to understand the basic workflow. When you first open FL Studio, you will be greeted with a workspace similar to the following screenshot:

Figure 1.1 - FL Studio workspace

It’s possible that you may see a slightly different landing screen depending on what version of FL Studio you are using. To ensure that we are all seeing the exact same workspace, open a new template using Basic with limiter, as shown in the following screenshot. The reason we’re using this template is to create a nice simple introductory setup with a few drum samples preloaded into our project.

This will help you follow the simple examples in this chapter.

Figure 1.2 - Basic with limiter

You’ll notice that there are lots of other templates to get you up and running quickly. I encourage you to explore the other available templates as well if you’re curious. Each template offers an initial starting setup with preloaded plugins to save you some time. The template is just a suggestion to begin with though; you can always add the plugins yourself regardless of whether you use a template or not.

The FL Studio workbench is divided up into five panel sections:

Figure 1.3 - Workbench

These panels can be opened or hidden by left-clicking the icons in the toolbar. The first five buttons on the toolbar open up the main sections of FL Studio. They can be opened or hidden by clicking on the tool symbol.

Here are the buttons in the order they appear from left to right:

Playlist: Used to arrange your song compositions.Piano roll: Used to compose melodies. Here is where you will add and edit MIDI notes. We’ll discuss this in detail in Chapter 3, Composing with the Piano Roll.Channel rack: Used to load your instruments and compose percussive rhythms.Mixer: Used to connect our instruments together and apply effects for mixing and mastering.Browser: Contains all your files. It’s an organizer used to navigate through your samples.

The playlist, piano roll, channel rack, mixer, and browser are the foundational building blocks of FL Studio. Using these five tools, you’ll be able to create, organize, and apply effects to your music.

Making your first song

FL Studio is a tool and the best way to learn it is to just jump in and make something with it. Some topics, such as composing melodies, are more complex and better left for later chapters. For now, let’s work on something basic. To make our first song, we’ll do the following:

Create a drum beat with the channel rack.Add an accompanying instrument.Route the drum beat and instrument to the mixer.Export the song.

Let’s get started.

Creating a drum beat with the channel rack

One of the key features of the channel rack is that it allows you to create percussive patterns with ease.

To create a drum pattern in the channel rack, you need drum sound samples and notes to indicate when to play the sound samples. To do this, perform the following steps:

Open the channel rack by selecting the channel rack icon:

Figure 1.4 - Toolbar, including the channel rack

Here, you’ll see the following window. Since we used a template, we already have four sound samples preloaded into the channel rack for us:

Figure 1.5 - Channel rack opened

Extend the window by clicking the right edge of it to make it longer.The channel rack allows you to view and load up all of your instruments and samples. Here, we can see that four instruments have been preloaded for us. In this case, they are single percussive sound samples.Add notes by left-clicking on any of the gray and reddish buttons to the right of the instrument, so your channel rack looks like the following screenshot. If at any point you want to delete notes, you can right-click on the notes you want to remove:

Figure 1.6 - Channel rack

Select PAT (short for pattern) and press play (the triangle symbol) or hit the spacebar so that you can listen to your drum beat:

Figure 1.7 - Player menu

So far, we have created a drum beat by adding notes for our percussion samples to play. In a real-life scenario, you’ll want to swap out the samples used (for example, Kick, Clap, Hat, or Snare) with other samples. A drum beat on its own is pretty boring though, so let’s look into adding an accompanying instrument.

Adding an instrument to the channel rack

We’ve created our first drum beat pattern. A drum beat isn’t very interesting on its own. Music in general always needs a melody to give the song a sense of progression. To create a melody, we need an instrument that can play notes of different pitches. FL Studio has lots of instruments available. Let’s add a simple bass guitar instrument to our composition:

To create a new pattern, left-click on the plus icon next to the words Pattern 1 in the top toolbar:

Figure 1.8 - New pattern

A pattern is the name that FL Studio uses to refer to a sequence of notes. Give it a name such as Bass melody and press Enter.Back in the channel rack, hover your cursor over one of the instruments (Kick, Clap, Hat, or Snare) and right-click, or select the plus symbol at the bottom of the channel rack. A list of instruments will open up. Insert the one called BooBass. The reason we’re using BooBass is just because it’s simple. We don’t want to overload you with features all at once.

Figure 1.9 - Inserting an instrument

The BooBass instrument will load up and you’ll see the following:

Figure 1.10 - BooBass

Let’s add some notes for our BooBass instrument to play. Right-click on BooBass and select Piano roll:

Figure 1.11 - Opening the piano roll

The piano roll will open, and you’ll see the following window:

Figure 1.12 - Empty piano roll

The piano roll is designed to combine a piano with a timeline from left to right. On the left, you’ll see black and white rectangular boxes to represent piano keys. If you know how to play the piano, this will feel very intuitive to you. To the right of it, you’ll see a series of blue boxes in what resembles a spreadsheet table. These boxes indicate a position in time. By adding notes, you are telling the instrument to play a certain pitch at a certain time.

You’ll notice that at the top of the piano roll in the preceding screenshot, there is a little pencil icon near the top left. Make sure that this is selected. It will allow you to add and delete notes, which will be important in the following pages.

Creating a melody with the piano roll

So far, we’ve loaded up an instrument. It’s time to give the instrument some notes to play.

You can add notes by left-clicking in the blue boxes. Add notes to the piano roll to create a melody similar to the following:

Figure 1.13 - Added notes to the piano roll instrument

Great, we’ve now created a simple bass melody.Let’s add the drum beat and our bass melody to our playlist. The playlist is where you can arrange the timing of your music patterns. Open the playlist (usually in the top center of FL Studio) by selecting the playlist icon:

Figure 1.14 - Playlist icon

The playlist will now open and you’ll see a window similar to the following:

Figure 1.15 - Playlist

On the left side, you’ll see Pattern 1 and Bass Melody. Pattern 1 is our drum beat. Bass Melody is the melody that we just created. You can add the patterns to the playlist by left-clicking the patterns on the left and dragging them onto the blue grid on the right. Once done, it will look like the following:

Figure 1.16 - Added patterns to the playlist

Let’s play our entire arrangement and see how the patterns sound when played at the same time. Ensure that the setting is set to SONG instead of PAT and press the play symbol (triangle symbol) at the top of the screen. You will now be able to hear both of your music patterns being played at the same time:

Figure 1.17 - Player menu

So far, we have created a drum pattern, added an accompanying instrument, and added both patterns to the playlist. Now we need to route these instruments to the mixer.

Routing channels to the mixer

It’s time to think about mixing our music. Mixing is where we can add effects to our music to enhance it. We need to send our sounds to the mixer in order to apply effects to them. This is known as routing to the mixer. We will go into lots of detail about what is and how to do mixing throughout this book.

Let’s route our instruments and samples to the mixer:

Open up the channel rack:

Figure 1.18 - Selecting channels in the channel rack

In the preceding screenshot, we can see that Kick has the number 1 beside it by default. This means that it is currently routed to mixer track channel 1. Clap is routed to track 2 and Hat is routed to track 3.Our BooBass instrument has no mixer channel number assigned. Let’s route it to the mixer. Double-left-click the rectangle buttons directly to the right of the instruments. This will highlight all of the available instruments with a green outline, as in the preceding screenshot. This indicates that they are selected.Next, press Ctrl + L. This will automatically assign BooBass and all other selected instruments to the mixer, as well as any color properties given to them. Alternatively, you can manually change the mixer number by clicking on the number and dragging it up or down to increase or decrease the value. You’ll see that BooBass now has the number 5 assigned to it. This means it has been assigned to mixer track 5:

Figure 1.19 - Routing BooBass to the mixer

Let’s see our routed instrument in the mixer. Select the mixer icon from the toolbar to open up the mixer:

Figure 1.20 - Mixer icon in the toolbar

In the mixer, we can now see that our instruments from the channel rack have been assigned channels in the mixer. Notice how the numbers on the channel rack correspond to the numbers on the mixer. The mixer channel track numbers can also be changed by selecting a mixer channel, holding down Shift, and scrolling with your mouse wheel:

Figure 1.21 - Mixer

We have routed our instruments to the mixer. In future chapters, we’ll learn how to apply effects to our instruments. Next, let’s learn how to export our song out of FL Studio.

Exporting the song

Let’s export our song out of FL Studio so that we can listen to it anywhere. Songs, when played on your phone or streamed online, are stored in the format of an MP3 or WAV file, so we need to convert it in to one of those. To do this, follow these instructions:

First, check that the SONG setting is selected so we export our entire composition, rather than just a single pattern. The SONG button is at the top of FL Studio, as shown in the following screenshot:

Figure 1.22 - Player menu

Next, go to FILE | Export | MP3 file…, as seen in the following screenshot:

Figure 1.23 - Exporting the song

Choose a location on your computer (somewhere easy to find) to save your song:

Figure 1.24 - Saving the song

Once you select Save, a window will pop up with information on rendering. This window gives you options on how to export your song. If you want to export quickly with the default settings, you can choose WAV or MP3 and select Start to export your song.

We’ll discuss the difference between WAV and MP3 in the next section.

Figure 1.25 - Song render

Congratulations, you have successfully created your first song!

Song exporting options

If you’re curious about the exporting features, here’s a breakdown of the export settings. In the Project type options, you can choose to export your full song or just a single pattern.

The Tail option has three choices to pick from:

Cut remainder abruptly ends the song the moment the sound and samples stop playing.Leave remainder allows synthesizers to naturally decay to silence at the end of your song. This is usually the choice you’ll want in most scenarios.Wrap remainder takes any decay that would appear at the end of your song and places it at the start of your song. This is useful in circumstances where you are creating a loop and want the sound to repeat.

Underneath, you can see the song length in bars, the total elapsed time of the song, and the size of the file the exported song will create.

You can choose between several outputted format types. You can choose to export as WAV or FLAC, which are lossless formats, which means you will not lose any audio quality. Bit depth is the resolution you can choose to output. The options available are as follows:

16Bit, the standard for CD quality24Bit, recommended for streaming32Bit, for sound archive size

You can usually select 16Bit as you likely won’t be able to tell the difference in most cases.

FLAC uses data compression to reduce the file size; however, the sound will be identical to a WAV file. You can then increase the FLAC compression, which will make the file size smaller, but it still won’t affect the sound quality; it will just take a little longer to export.

MP3 and OGG are formats that will lose audio quality when exporting. They throw away data while maintaining audio sound. MP3 bitrate determines the audio quality. A higher bitrate allows a higher-quality sound.

The MID format allows you to export your project as MIDI data, assuming that you created MIDI data in your project.

You also have the option of selecting to output in Stereo or Mono