The Telecommunications Handbook E-Book

Jyrki T. J. Penttinen

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 2147

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2015

Beschreibung

THE TELECOMMUNICATIONS HANDBOOK

ENGINEERING GUIDELINES FOR FIXED, MOBILE AND SATELLITE SYSTEMS

Taking a practical approach, The Telecommunications Handbook examines the principles and details of all the major and modern telecommunications systems currently available to industry and to end-users. It gives essential information about usage, architectures, functioning, planning, construction, measurements and optimization. The structure of the book is modular, giving both overall descriptions of the architectures and functionality of typical use cases, as well as deeper and practical guidelines for telecom professionals.

The focus of the book is on current and future networks, and the most up-to-date functionalities of each network are described in sufficient detail for deployment purposes. The contents include an introduction to each technology, its evolution path, feasibility and utilization, solution and network architecture, and technical functioning of the systems (signaling, coding, different modes for channel delivery and security of core and radio system). The planning of the core and radio networks (system-specific field test measurement guidelines, hands-on network planning advices and suggestions for parameter adjustments) and future systems are also described.

With contributions from specialists in both industry and academia, the book bridges the gap between communications in the academic context and the practical knowledge and skills needed to work in the telecommunications industry.

Leseprobe

The Telecommunications Handbook

Engineering Guidelines for Fixed, Mobile and Satellite Systems

Edited by

JYRKI T. J. PENTTINEN

This edition first published 2015 © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

Registered officeJohn Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, United Kingdom

For details of our global editorial offices, for customer services and for information about how to apply for permission to reuse the copyright material in this book please see our website at www.wiley.com.

The right of the author to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher.

Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books.

Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks. All brand names and product names used in this book are trade names, service marks, trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. The publisher is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book.

Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. It is sold on the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services and neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for damages arising herefrom. If professional advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought.

The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for every situation. In view of ongoing research, equipment modifications, changes in governmental regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to the use of experimental reagents, equipment, and devices, the reader is urged to review and evaluate the information provided in the package insert or instructions for each chemical, piece of equipment, reagent, or device for, among other things, any changes in the instructions or indication of usage and for added warnings and precautions. The fact that an organization or Website is referred to in this work as a citation and/or a potential source of further information does not mean that the author or the publisher endorses the information the organization or Website may provide or recommendations it may make. Further, readers should be aware that Internet Websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read. No warranty may be created or extended by any promotional statements for this work. Neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for any damages arising herefrom.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

The telecommunications handbook : engineering guidelines for fixed, mobile, and satellite systems / edited by: Jyrki T.J. Penttinen.        pages cm     Includes bibliographical references and index.   1. Telecommunication–Handbooks, manuals, etc.   I. Penttinen, Jyrki T. J., editor.     TK5101.T35533 2015     621.384–dc23

2014022270

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

ISBN: 9781119944881

Contents

Preface

Acknowledgements

Abbreviations

List of Contributors

1 Introduction

1.1 General

1.2 Short History of Telecommunications

1.3 The Telecommunications Scene

1.4 The Focus of the Book

1.5 Instructions for Reading the Book Contents

References

2 Standardization and Regulation

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Standardization Bodies

2.3 Industry Forums

2.4 Other Entities

2.5 Frequency Regulation

2.6 National Regulators

2.7 Guideline for Finding and Interpreting Standards

References

3 Telecommunications Principles

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Terminology and Planning Principles

3.3 Evolution

3.4 Spectrum Allocations

3.5 Physical Aspects

References

4 Protocols

4.1 Introduction

4.2 OSI

4.3 Fixed Networks

4.4 Mobile Networks

4.5 Data Networks

4.6 Error Recovery

4.7 LAP Protocol Family

4.8 Cross-Layer Protocol Principles

References

5 Connectivity and Payment

5.1 Connectivity

5.2 Definitions

5.3 IP Connectivity

5.4 Wired Connectivity

5.5 Radio Connectivity in the Near Field

5.6 NFC and Secure Payment

5.7 Secure Payment

5.8 Bluetooth

5.9 Hearing Aid Compatibility

5.10 Other Connectivity Technologies

References

6 Fixed Telecommunications Networks

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Network Topologies

6.3 Redundancy

6.4 Telephone Network

6.5 User Devices

6.6 Plain Old Public Telephone System (POTS)

6.7 Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)

6.8 Intelligent Network (IN)

6.9 SIP

6.10 Telephony Solutions for Companies

6.11 Transport

6.12 Cloud Computing

References

7 Data Networks

7.1 Introduction

7.2 IPv4

7.3 IPv6

7.4 Routing

7.5 ATM

7.6 Frame Relay

7.7 LAN and MAN

7.8 Wi-Fi

7.9 Inter-Operator Networks

References

8 Telecommunications Network Services and Applications

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Voice

8.3 Messaging

8.4 Audio and Video

8.5 Health Care

8.6 Education

8.7 CSTA

8.8 Advanced Telecommunications Functionalities

8.9 Business Exchange

8.10 Public IP Network Develops to NGN

8.11 Voice Service Access Points

8.12 Mobile Services

References

9 Transmission Networks

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Physical Transmission Systems

9.3 Coding Techniques

9.4 PCM

9.5 Coding Techniques

9.6 PDH

9.7 SDH

9.8 WDM

9.9 Carrier Ethernet Transport

9.10 IP Multimedia Subsystem

9.11 Case Example: LTE Transport

9.12 Cloud Computing and Transport

References

10 Modulation and Demodulation

10.1 Introduction

10.2 General

10.3 Analog Modulation Methods

10.4 Digital Modulation and Demodulation

References

11 3GPP Mobile Communications: GSM

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Development of GSM

11.3 Specification of GSM

11.4 Architecture of GSM

11.5 Functionality of GSM

11.6 Numbering of GSM

11.7 GSM Data

11.8 Dual Half Rate

11.9 DFCA

11.10 EDGE

11.11 DLDC

11.12 EDGE2

Notes

References

12 3GPP Mobile Communications: WCDMA and HSPA

12.1 Network Architecture

12.2 Physical Layer Aspects

12.3 Radio Interface Procedures

12.4 WCDMA/HSPA Evolution since Release 5

12.5 Planning and Dimensioning of WCDMA/HSPA Networks

Note

References

13 3GPP Mobile Communications: LTE/SAE and LTE-A

13.1 Introduction

13.2 Architecture

13.3 Elements

13.4 Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network

13.5 Interfaces

13.6 Protocol Stacks

13.7 Layer 2 Structure

13.8 LTE Radio Network

13.9 LTE Spectrum

13.10 Physical Layer

13.11 SC-FDM and SC-FDMA

13.12 Frame Structure and Physical Channels

13.13 Physical Layer Procedures

13.14 User Mobility

13.15 Radio Resource Management Procedures

13.16 Link Adaptation

13.17 ICIC

13.18 Reporting

13.19 LTE Radio Resource Management

13.20 RRM Principles and Algorithms Common to UL and DL

13.21 Uplink RRM

13.22 Downlink RRM

13.23 Intra-LTE Handover

13.24 LTE Release 8/9 Features

13.25 LTE-Advanced Features (Rel. 10)

13.26 LTE Transport and Core Network

13.27 Transport Network

13.28 Core Network

13.29 Charging

References

14 Wireless LAN and Evolution

14.1 Introduction

14.2 WLAN Standards

14.3 IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi)

14.4 IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX)

14.5 Evolved IEEE 802.16 (4G)

14.6 Comparison of Wireless Technologies

References

15 Terrestrial Broadcast Networks

15.1 Introduction

15.2 Analog Systems

15.3 Digital Radio

15.4 Digital Television

References

16 Satellite Systems: Communications

16.1 Introduction

16.2 Principles of Satellite Systems

16.3 Voice and Data Services

16.4 Broadcast Satellite Systems

16.5 Standardization

16.6 Commercial Satellite Systems

16.7 Radio Link Budget

References

17 Satellite Systems: Location Services and Telemetry

17.1 General

17.2 GPS

17.3 GALILEO

17.4 Positioning Systems: Other Initiatives

17.5 Space Research

17.6 Weather and Meteorological Satellites

17.7 Military Systems

References

18 Other and Special Networks

18.1 IS-95

18.2 CDMA2000

18.3 TETRA

References

19 Security Aspects of Telecommunications: 3GPP Mobile Networks

19.1 Introduction

19.2 Basic Principles of Protection

19.3 GSM Security

19.4 UMTS Security

19.5 LTE Security

19.6 LTE/SAE Service Security: Case Example

19.7 Authentication and Authorization

19.8 Customer Data Safety

19.9 Lawful Interception

References

20 Planning of 2G Networks

20.1 General Planning Guidelines for Fixed Networks

20.2 Capacity Planning

20.3 Coverage Planning

20.4 Frequency Planning

20.5 Parameter Planning

20.6 Network Measurements

20.7 Effects of Data Services on GSM Planning

20.8 Other Planning Considerations

20.9 GSM/GPRS Measurement and Simulation Techniques

20.10 Simulations

Notes

References

21 Planning of Advanced 3G Networks

21.1 Introduction

21.2 Radio Network Planning Process

21.3 Nominal Network Planning

21.4 Capacity Planning

21.5 Coverage Planning

21.6 Self-Optimizing Network

21.7 Parameter Planning

References

22 Planning of Mobile TV Networks

22.1 Introduction

22.2 High-Level Network Dimensioning Process

22.3 Detailed Radio Network Design

22.4 Radiation Limitations

22.5 Cost Prediction and Optimization

References

23 Planning of Core Networks

23.1 Introduction

23.2 General Planning Guidelines for Fixed Networks

23.3 Planning of the Networks

23.4 Capacity Planning

23.5 Network Evolution from 2G/3G PS Core to EPC

23.6 Entering Commercial Phase: Support for Multimode LTE/3G/2G Terminals with Pre-Release 8 SGSN

23.7 SGSN/MME Evolution

23.8 Case Example: Commercial SGSN/MME Offering

23.9 Mobile Gateway Evolution

23.10 Case Example: Commercial GGSN/S-GW/P-GW Offering

23.11 EPC Network Deployment and Topology Considerations

23.12 LTE Access Dimensioning

Reference

24 EMF – Radiation Safety and Health Aspects

24.1 Introduction

24.2 The EMF Question

24.3 The Scientific Principle and Process: The Precautionary Principle

24.4 The Expert Organizations and Regulation

24.5 Some Topics of the EMF Debate

24.6 SAR

24.7 The Safety Distance and Installation

24.8 Summing Up

24.9 High-Power Network Planning

References

25 Deployment and Transition of Telecommunication Systems

25.1 Introduction

25.2 Why to Deploy Wireless Systems

25.3 Transition of Telecommunication Systems

25.4 Network Deployments

25.5 Spectrum Considerations for Network Transition

25.6 Terminals Support for the Network Transition

25.7 Evolution of Macro Sites and Deployment of Small Cells

25.8 Beyond 4G Systems: 5G

25.9 Challenges and Possibilities

References

26 Wireless Network Measurements

26.1 Introduction

26.2 Principles of Radio Interface Measurements

26.3 GSM/GPRS

26.4 LTE

26.5 LTE Field Measurements

References

Index

End User License Agreement

List of Tables

Chapter 1

Table 1.1

Table 1.2

Chapter 2

Table 2.1

Table 2.2

Table 2.3

Table 2.4

Chapter 3

Table 3.1

Table 3.2

Table 3.3

Table 3.4

Table 3.5

Table 3.6

Chapter 4

Table 4.1

Table 4.2

Chapter 5

Table 5.1

Table 5.2

Table 5.3

Table 5.4

Table 5.5

Table 5.6

Table 5.7

Chapter 6

Table 6.1

Chapter 7

Table 7.1

Table 7.2

Table 7.3

Table 7.4

Table 7.5

Table 7.6

Table 7.7

Chapter 8

Table 8.1

Table 8.2

Table 8.3

Table 8.4

Chapter 9

Table 9.1

Table 9.2

Chapter 10

Table 10.1

Chapter 11

Table 11.1

Table 11.2

Table 11.3

Table 11.4

Table 11.5

Table 11.6

Table 11.7

Table 11.8

Table 11.9

Table 11.10

Table 11.11

Table 11.12

Table 11.13

Chapter 12

Table 12.1

Table 12.2

Table 12.3

Table 12.4

Table 12.5

Table 12.6

Table 12.7

Table 12.8

Chapter 13

Table 13.1

Table 13.2

Table 13.3

Table 13.4

Table 13.5

Table 13.6

Table 13.7

Chapter 14

Table 14.1

Table 14.2

Table 14.3

Table 14.4

Table 14.5

Table 14.6

Table 14.7

Chapter 15

Table 15.1

Table 15.2

Chapter 16

Table 16.1

Table 16.2

Table 16.3

Table 16.4

Table 16.5

Table 16.6

Table 16.7

Table 16.8

Table 16.9

Chapter 17

Table 17.1

Table 17.2

Table 17.3

Table 17.4

Chapter 18

Table 18.1

Table 18.2

Chapter 20

Table 20.1

Table 20.2

Table 20.3

Table 20.4

Table 20.5

Table 20.6

Table 20.7

Table 20.8

Table 20.9

Table 20.10

Table 20.11

Table 20.12

Table 20.13

Table 20.14

Table 20.15

Table 20.16

Table 20.17

Table 20.18

Table 20.19

Table 20.20

Table 20.21

Table 20.22

Table 20.23

Table 20.24

Table 20.25

Table 20.26

Table 20.27

Table 20.28

Table 20.29

Table 20.30

Table 20.31

Table 20.32

Table 20.33

Table 20.34

Table 20.35

Table 20.36

Table 20.37

Table 20.38

Table 20.39

Chapter 21

Table 21.1

Table 21.2

Table 21.3

Table 21.4

Table 21.5

Table 21.6

Table 21.7

Table 21.8

Table 21.9

Table 21.10

Table 21.11

Table 21.12

Table 21.13

Chapter 22

Table 22.1

Table 22.2

Table 22.3

Table 22.4

Table 22.5

Table 22.6

Table 22.7

Table 22.8

Table 22.9

Table 22.10

Table 22.11

Table 22.12

Table 22.13

Table 22.14

Table 22.15

Table 22.16

Chapter 24

Table 24.1

Table 24.2

Table 24.3

Table 24.4

Chapter 25

Table 25.1

Table 25.2

Table 25.3

Table 25.4

Table 25.5

Chapter 26

Table 26.1

Table 26.2