Alloy Materials and Their Allied Applications E-Book
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- Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
- Kategorie: Fachliteratur
- Sprache: Englisch
Alloy Materials and Their Allied Applications provides an in-depth overview of alloy materials and applications. The 11 chapters focus on the fabrication methods and design of corrosion-resistant, magnetic, biodegradable, and shape memory alloys. The industrial applications in the allied areas, such as biomedical, dental implants, abrasive finishing, surface treatments, photocatalysis, water treatment, and batteries, are discussed in detail. This book will help readers solve fundamental and applied problems faced in the field of allied alloys applications.
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Seitenzahl: 379
Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2020
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Table of Contents
Cover
Preface
1 Fabrication Methods for Bulk Amorphous Alloys
1.1 Production Methods of Amorphous Materials
1.2 Applications of the Amorphous Alloys
References
2 Designing Corrosion-Resistant Alloys
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Alloy Design for Corrosion Resistance
2.3 Final Considerations
References
3 Ni-Co-W Alloys: Influence of Operational Process Conditions on Their Electroplating
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Metallic Alloys
3.3 Ni-Co-W Alloys
3.4 Operational Parameters in the Electrodeposition of Alloys
3.5 Conclusions and Future Perspectives
References
4 Synthesis and Characterization of Al-Mg-Ti-B Alloy
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Experimental
4.3 Results and Discussions
4.4 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
5 Magnetic Alloy Materials, Properties and Applications
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Types of Magnetic Materials
5.3 Magnetic Alloy Materials
5.4 Conclusions
References
6 Microstructural Characterization of Ball Milled Co
60
Fe
18
Ti
18
Nb
4
Alloys and Their Photocatalytic Performance
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Experimental
6.3 Results and Discussion
6.4 Conclusions
References
7 A Narrative Insight on the Biocompatibility Issues for Dental Alloys and Other Materials
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Detrimental Effect of Dental Restoratives: Irritation, Toxicity, Allergy, and Mutagenicity
7.3 Absorption Routes of Toxic Substances Released From Fental Restorations
7.4 Toxicity of Frequently Used Dental Restoratives
7.6 Conclusion
References
8 Technological Advances in Magnetic Abrasive Finishing for Surface Treatment of Alloys and Ceramics
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Classification of Magnetic Abrasive Finishing Process
8.3 Major Areas of Experimental Research in Magnetic Abrasive Finishing
8.4 Major Areas of Theoretical Research in Magnetic Abrasive Finishing
8.5 Hybrid Magnetic Abrasive Finishing Process
8.6 Conclusion
References
9 Alloy Materials for Biomedical Applications
9.1 Overview of Biomedical Alloys
9.2 The Key Properties Required for Biomedical Alloys
9.3 Commonly Used Biomedical Alloys
9.4 Conclusions
References
10 Alloys for K-Ion Batteries
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Anodes
10.3 Alloys for Cathode
10.4 Conclusion
Abbreviations
Acknowledgment
References
11 Shape Memory Alloys
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Evolution of Shape Memory Alloy
11.3 Classification of SMA
11.4 Pseudo-Elasticity or Super-Elasticity (SE)
11.5 Biasing Configurations
References
Index
End User License Agreement
List of Tables
Chapter 1
Table 1.1 Applications of the bulk amorphous alloys [45].
Chapter 3
Table 3.1 Summary of Ni-Co-X deposits.
Chapter 6
Table 6.1 Some physical and mechanical properties of the used elements.
Chapter 8
Table 8.1 Major areas of experimental research in MAF process.
Table 8.2 Major areas of theoretical research, recent advancement, and hybrid...
Chapter 9
Table 9.1 Main alloying elements of stainless steel (SS) alloys and their inf...
List of Illustrations
Chapter 1
Figure 1.1 Schematic view of the induction method for the production of crys...
Figure 1.2 Schematic views of the arc-melting method for the production of c...
Figure 1.3 The surface of a crystalline ingot—arc-melting method: (a) after ...
Figure 1.4 Schematic diagram of the continuous casting process for amorphous...
Figure 1.5 Relationship between the rotational speed of the cylinder with ov...
Figure 1.6 Amorphous ribbons [8–10].
Figure 1.7 Diagram of the production process for metallic amorphous ribbons:...
Figure 1.8 Diagram of the suction-casting process for production of bulk amo...
Figure 1.9 Diagram of the injection-casting process for production of bulk a...
Figure 1.10 Diagram of the process for production of bulk amorphous alloys u...
Figure 1.11 Diagram of a ball mill.
Figure 1.12 Schematic diagram explaining mechanical synthesis [6].
Figure 1.13 Components/assemblies made from metallic bulk amorphous material...
Figure 1.14 Castings for a watch case. Post-production (prior to polishing a...
Figure 1.15 Housings made using Liquidmetal
®
Technology [48].
Figure 1.16 The Head tennis racket, featuring built-in amorphous elements [4...
Figure 1.17 Sports equipment featuring components made from bulk amorphous m...
Figure 1.18 Amorphous materials used in the ski company HEAD [51].
Figure 1.19 Electrical/electronic components made from amorphous and nanocry...
Figure 1.20 SEM image: (a) Silicon matrix with a system of concave nanopyram...
Figure 1.21 The process of dissolving of the magnesium-based implant in the ...
Figure 1.22 A missile with cores made from amorphous material, based on hafn...
Chapter 2
Figure 2.1 Schematic evolution of passive film growth on metal surfaces. Whe...
Figure 2.2 Schematic representation of metal corrosion due to mechanical, ch...
Chapter 3
Figure 3.1 Representation of the parameters studied in the electrodeposition...
Figure 3.2 X-ray diffraction patterns of the Ni-Co-W alloys under different ...
Figure 3.3 Proposal for an electrodeposition mechanism of Ni-Co-W alloy. Ada...
Figure 3.4 (a) Ni-Co-W alloy electrodeposited at 60°C, 50 mA cm
−2
, and...
Chapter 4
Figure 4.1 XRD diffraction pattern of Al
78
Mg
15
Ti
6
B
1
powders milled for 5, 30...
Figure 4.2 XRD diffraction pattern of Al
78
Mg
15
Ti
6
B
1
powders milled for 100 h...
Figure 4.3 The milling time dependence of amorphization of Al
78
Mg
15
Ti
6
B
1
pow...
Figure 4.4 Crystallite size as a function of milling time.
Figure 4.5 Milling time dependence of lattice strain.
Figure 4.6 SEMmicrographs (1000x magnification) morphological changes of Al
7
...
Figure 4.7 Microstructural changes of Al
78
Mg
15
Ti
6
B
1
(at.%) powder as a funct...
Figure 4.8 EDX results of (a) SEM image, (b) The corresponding elemental map...
Figure 4.9 Average microhardness as a function of milling times.
Figure 4.10 DTA graphs of (a) 100-h and (b) 150-h ball milling time.
Chapter 5
Figure 5.1 Bar magnet.
Figure 5.2 Soft magnetic alloys.
Figure 5.3 Hard magnetic alloys.
Figure 5.4 Magnetic resonance imaging machine.
Chapter 6
Figure 6.1 XRD patterns of the mechanically milled powders at 10min, 1h, 10h...
Figure 6.2 EDX elemental mapping of the mechanically alloyed Co
60
Fe
18
Ti
18
Nb
4
Figure 6.3 SEM micrographs of mechanically milled powders after (a) 10min, (...
Figure 6.4 50h milled Co
60
Fe
18
Ti
18
Nb
4
powders, (a) TEM micrograph, (b) HRTEM...
Figure 6.5 Time-dependent UV-vis absorption curve of methyl blue.
Figure 6.6 Time dependent changes in UV–vis spectra of photocatalytic degrad...
Figure 6.7 Photocatalytic degradation kinetic curve for photocatalytic degra...
Figure 6.8 Photocatalytic degradation kinetic curves for photocatalytic degr...
Chapter 7
Figure 7.1 Cross-section view of tooth structure and restoration.
Figure 7.2 Major factors affecting biological properties of materials.
Chapter 8
Figure 8.1 MAF process research areas.
Figure 8.2 Permanent magnetic field MAF process setup [4].
Figure 8.3 Graphical representation of static DC- MAF: (a) internal setup [5...
Figure 8.4 Graphical representation of pulsed DC- MAF setup [7].
Figure 8.5 Graphical representation of alternating-MAF process setup [8].
Figure 8.6 Movement of magnetic lines with alike poles. (a) without gap; (b)...
Figure 8.7 Magnetic lines of steel grits in the silicone gel [31].
Figure 8.8 Schematic of UAMAF setup [45].
Chapter 9
Figure 9.1 Application of biomedical materials according to the human part t...
Figure 9.2 Biological, mechanical, and chemical properties required for impl...
Figure 9.3 Representative body-centered cubic structure and hexagonal closed...
Figure 9.4 Elastic modulus (GPa) of representative β-type Ti alloys for biom...
Chapter 11
Figure 11.1 Statistical growth on SMA accessible publications.
Figure 11.2 Overview on three-phase transformations.
Figure 11.3 One-way shape memory effect [6]. (a) 2D crystal structure model ...
Figure 11.4 Two-way shape memory effect [6]. (a) 2D crystal structure model ...
Figure 11.5 Pseudoelastic effect [6]. (a) 2D crystal structure model of SMA;...
Figure 11.6 Classification on biasing.
Figure 11.7 Types of SMA actuator configurations using one-way SMA wire. (a)...
Guide
Cover
Table of Contents
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Scrivener Publishing100 Cummings Center, Suite 541JBeverly, MA 01915-6106
Publishers at ScrivenerMartin Scrivener ([email protected])Phillip Carmical ([email protected])
Alloy Materials and Their Allied Applications
Edited by
Inamuddin, Rajender Boddula, Mohd Imran Ahamed and Abdullah M. Asiri
This edition first published 2020 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA and Scrivener Publishing LLC, 100 Cummings Center, Suite 541J, Beverly, MA 01915, USA© 2020 Scrivener Publishing LLCFor more information about Scrivener publications please visit www.scrivenerpublishing.com.
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
ISBN 978-1-119-65488-9
Cover image: Pixabay.ComCover design by Russell Richardson
Preface
An alloy is an engineered material that is a mixture of one or more metals with nonmetallic elements. The search for innovative technologies to meet the needs of efficient and sustainable production has motivated the research and development of new alloy materials. Exploring the alloy composition is the first and, possibly, the best way to change the properties of materials. A well-defined combination of elements can create a very stable alloy with improved corrosion resistance in a wide range of adverse environments. The alloy materials possess immense compositional space and the possibility of creating materials that go beyond the binary and ternary systems. Alloys have been used in consumer products, automotive, robotics, aerospace, marine, and other industries owing to their excellent physical properties, lightweight, good corrosion resistance, and specific characteristics.
This edition of Alloy Materials and Their Allied Applications provides an in-depth overview of alloy materials and applications. It focuses on the fabrication methods and design of corrosion-resistant, magnetic, biodegradable, and shape memory alloys. The industrial applications in the allied areas, such as biomedical, dental implants, abrasive finishing, surface treatments, photocatalysis, water treatment, and batteries, are discussed in detail. This book will help readers solve fundamental and applied problems faced in the field of allied alloys applications. It is an archival reference guide for undergraduate and postgraduate students, faculty members, R&D professionals, engineers, and industrial experts working in the field of solid-state chemistry and physics, metallurgy, and materials science. Based on thematic topics, this edition contains the following eleven chapters:
Chapter 1 describes the production methods of amorphous alloys and their applications. Particular attention is paid to bulk amorphous alloys. The bulk amorphous alloys make up one of the most promising groups of functional materials. The basic applications of these materials are discussed in areas such as electrical and electronic technology, jewelry, sport, military, and medicine.
Chapter 2 covers the role of composition, microstructure, processing, ther-momechanical heat treatment, and surface finishing in the electrochemical properties of corrosion-resistant alloys. These factors are discussed in detail to guide the design of new optimized alloys to be used in adverse environments which are not susceptible to corrosion.
Chapter 3 details the influence of electrodeposition parameters on Ni-Co-W alloys. Parameters such as temperature, rotating cathode, electric current density, bath composition, and pH are discussed in detail. The focus is on the optimization of these parameters that can be obtained in the materials with characteristics suitable for industrial applications.
Chapter 4 deals with the synthesis of novel Al78Mg15Ti6B1 alloy powders using a high-energy ball milling method. Several analytical techniques are employed to characterize the synthesized powders. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed the formation of amorphous structures in the powder. Moreover, the degree of amorphization and microhardness values of the powders is also examined.
Chapter 5 reviews distinct magnetic alloy materials along with their applications in various fields. These alloys have gained much attention, and research is currently going on to introduce new kinds of magnetic alloys for applications in magnetic-storage devices, spintronics, etc.
Chapter 6 investigates the production of Co60Fe18Ti18Nb4 alloys by ball milling and their photocatalytic degradation efficiency in decolorizing methyl blue dye. The color of methyl blue turned from blue to nearly colorless using catalyst of alloy Co60Fe18Ti18Nb4 for only 60 min.
Chapter 7 contributes to a better understanding of the biocompatibility of frequently used metallic and polymeric dental materials, as well as the advancements in these materials. Additionally, detrimental effects and absorption routes of toxic agents, along with the significant factors affecting the degradation of dental restoratives, are discussed thoroughly.
Chapter 8 elaborates on the findings of experimental investigation carried out by eminent researchers for the surface treatment of alloys and ceramics using the magnetic abrasive finishing (MAF) process. The experimental, modeling and simulation, and multi-objective optimization investigations laid major emphasis on revealing the contribution of process parameters (voltage, magnetic flux density, mesh size, working gap, rotation speed) concerning the finishing performance of different alloys and ceramics using the MAF process.
Chapter 9 describes the role of mechanical, chemical, and biological properties towards the performance of metallic alloys for biomedical applications. The major goal is to present the commonly used biomedical alloys besides the new metallic materials reported in the literature and to discuss the essential factors affecting their clinical performance.
Chapter 10 discusses the alloys of different elements for cathode and anode material and emphasizes their structural-performance relationship and how the performance of a particular cathode or anode will be enhanced by changing the composition and structural factor. Several elements form an alloy with potassium for cathode and anode electrode. The area of research on potassium ion batteries is in the immature stage; some models of potassium ion batteries have already shown good results and reveal potential applications for practical use.
Chapter 11 discusses how the shape memory alloys (SMAs) are evolved and the various classification of SMA according to its working principle. Pseudoelasticity is briefly explained and the biasing configurations of the shape memory alloy are also discussed in detail.
EditorsInamuddinRajender BoddulaMohd Imran AhamedAbdullah M. Asiri
