Atherosclerosis E-Book

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 1441

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2015

Beschreibung

Comprehensive and in-depth in its coverage, Atherosclerosis: Cellular, Molecular & Biochemical Mechanism and Novel Therapy reviews the recent progress in atherosclerosis research and offers cutting edge perspectives from experts in the field. Written by an international team of authors including leading physician-scientists, research experts and physicians, chapters are divided into four major sections, covering risk factors, cellular and molecular mechanisms, biochemical mechanisms and novel and future therapeutics. Atherosclerosis: Cellular, Molecular & Biochemical Mechanism and Novel Therapy analyses recent progress from both conceptual and technological perspectives, suggesting new directions for atherosclerosis research and treatment for a growing population of researchers and clinicians in cardiovascular and related fields.

Leseprobe

CONTENTS

Cover

Title page

Contributors

Chief Editors

Editors

Contributors

Foreword

Preface

Section I: Risk Factors: Old and New

1 Lipoproteins

Brief History of Cholesterol and Atherosclerosis

Lipoproteins

LDL and Atherosclerosis

Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins and Atherosclerosis

HDL and Atherosclerosis

Summary

References

2 Role of Dysglycemia in Atherosclerosis

Introduction

Molecular Mechanisms by Which Dysglycemia Accelerates Atherosclerosis

Dysglycemia and Endothelial Cells

Dysglycemia and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

Dysglycemia and Macrophages

Conclusion

Acknowledgments

References

3 Glycation, Inflammation and RAGE: Mechanisms Contributing to the Accelerated Atherosclerosis of Diabetes

Introduction

Animal Models of Diabetic Atherosclerosis

Glycation of Proteins and Lipids: Potential Impact on Atherosclerosis

Non-RAGE Glycation Receptors and Implications for Atherosclerosis

RAGE and Implications for Diabetic Atherosclerosis

Glycation and RAGE—Studies in Human Subjects

Conclusions

References

4 Inflammation

Introduction

Monocyte Recruitment to the Vessel Wall

Chemokines

Cytokines

Shear Stress and Inflammation

Mechanisms of Flow-Induced Inflammation

Conclusions

References

5 Homocysteine: A Controversial Cardiovascular Risk Factor

Introduction

Epidemiological Studies: Establishment of Homocysteine as a Risk Factor

Animal Models of Hyperhomocysteinemia

Clinical Intervention Trials

Summary and Perspectives

References

6 Hypertension as a Risk Factor for Atherosclerosis

Introduction

Evidence Linking Atherosclerosis and Hypertension

Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Linking Hypertension and Atherosclerosis

Implications for Treatment and Future Directions

References

7 The Genetics of Atherosclerosis: From Polymorphisms to Populations

Introduction

Lessons from Mendelian Diseases—Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Role for Genetic Diagnosis and Screening

Genetically Isolated Population Studies: Implications for Atherosclerosis in the General Population

GWAS to Identify Atherosclerosis Risk Genes in the General Population

Identification of a Risk Allele Located at 9P21 by GWAS

Technologic Advances and the Future

Conclusion

Acknowledgments

References

8 Life Style

Introduction

Lifestyle Factors and Cardiovascular Disease

Lifestyle Factors and Cardiovascular Disease in the Young

Physical Activity

Diet and Nutrition

Environmental Effects

Ambient Air Pollution

Other Environmental Factors

Summary

References

Section II: Cellular Mechanisms

9 Endothelial Cells

Introduction

Endothelial Nitric Oxide

Flow and Arterial Shear Stress

Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Nuclear Receptor Family

Endothelial Progenitor Cells

Future Directions

References

10 Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

Introduction

SMCS in Atheroma Progression

Extrinsic Control of SMC Biology

Intrinsic Control of SMC Biology

Autophagy and Cell Death

Summary

References

11 Fibroblasts

Introduction

Fibroblast-Dependent Wound Healing

Role of the Adventitia in the Vessel Injury Response