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- Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
- Kategorie: Religion und Spiritualität
- Serie: J-B Leadership Network Series
- Sprache: Englisch
- Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2010
An expert practitioner answers to questions about the burgeoning organic church movement Neil Cole's best-selling book Organic Church described the fastest growing segment of contemporary Christianity-the so-called organic church. Now in this next-step book, he answers questions about how to deal with theological and organizational issues that come up. He talks about issues such has what to do with finances, children, heresy, leader training, and rituals and ordinances. Without the top-down structure of a denomination, even people who are proponents of this small, house-church model worry that they are not doing it right. * Offers an important resource for anyone involved with or thinking of starting an organic or house church * Addresses practical issues of theology, rituals, doctrinal heresy, how to handle children, finances, and other important questions * Written by an acknowledged expert who is now and has been for over twenty years an organic church planter and practitioner * A new Leadership Network title and follow-up to Organic Church Church 3.0 offers solid information about organic churches based on Cole's extensive experience in starting, nurturing, and mentoring in the organic church movement.
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Table of Contents
Cover
Title
Copyright
leadership network titles
about Leadership Network
foreword
preface
acknowledgments
introduction: what about this book?
upgrading the operating system
the change is not just coming; it is already here
what is this book about?
part one: global changes demand a better church
1 what about the world we live in?
a single and dominant superpower
a single, global trade language
technological advances create a global community
relativistic philosophy
pagan and occult activity
sexual promiscuity, perversion, and chemical addictions
aslan is on the move
2 what about our changing culture?
what is postmodernism?
neither a modern nor a postmodern church
shifting values of an emerging world
what postmodern culture values
conclusion
part two: structural issues
3 what about the church’s mission?
what is the missional church?
attractional versus missional
what is a church?
this scares the devil into hell
4 what about church growth?
what is a movement?
the seduction of addition
the true test of multiplicative ministry
ten essential principles of a spontaneous multiplication movement
roadblocks to reproduction
beware the institutional trap
5 what about church models? part one
networks
the formation of organic church networks
new testament church models
transitioning models
6 what about church models? part two
awakening chapel’s development
decentralized versus centralized expressions of organic church
advantages and disadvantages of being centralized
advantages and disadvantages of being decentralized
accountability in decentralized networks
7 what about larger gatherings?
the natural order of social groupings
the base unit of life: two or three people
the leadership team: four to seven people
the family unit: twelve to fifteen people
the training group: twenty-five to seventy-five people
the relational network: 100 to 150 people
the occasional public gathering: 200–500 people
unlimited multitudes
following christ’s pattern
the perils of violating these natural patterns
part three: pragmatic concerns
8 what about evangelism?
apostolic genius
the catalyst of movements
six qualities of a good catalyst to ignite and accelerate movements
the six catalytic qualities in cma
9 what about baptism and communion?
the genius apostle behind apostolic genius
on baptism
communion
the lord’s prayer
10 what about kids?
integration is better than segregation for children
integration is better than segregation for adults
practical ideas
11 what about heresy?
what is the true threat?
the heretics in history are often heroes in the future
12 what about finances?
old testament church practices
new testament tithing
offerings
new testament church finances
awakening chapel’s example
conclusion: what about my church?
notes
the author
index
Advertisement
End User License Agreement
List of Illustrations
Introduction what about this book?
Figure I.1 Contrasting Church 2.0 with Church 3.0
4 what about church growth?
Figure 4.1 Multigenerational Growth
Figure 4.2 Incremental Growth
Figure 4.3 Institutional Multiplication Growth
Figure 4.4 Reproduction of Life at Every Level
Figure 4.5. Flat Structures in Movements: A Movement of God for People
Figure 4.6. Fat Structures in Institutions: A Monument of People for God
5 what about church models? part one
Figure 5.1 Chain, Hub, and All-Channel Networks
Figure 5.2 A “Bucky Ball”
6 what about church models? part two
Figure 6.1 The Spectrum of Centralization
Figure 6.2 The Centralized Church
Figure 6.3 The Decentralized Church
Figure 6.4 Evaluating Decentralization in Three Model Churches
Figure 6.5 Blank Checklist for Your Church
7 what about larger gatherings?
Figure 7.1 Grouping Comparisons in Society
Figure 7.2 Strategic Size Groupings for Providing Care at All Levels
Figure 7.3 CMA’s Strategy for Providing Care at All Levels
Figure 7.4 A Leader’s Ability to Influence at Each Numerical Level, with Jesus’ Example
Figure 7.5 Leadership Roles and Number of People Influenced
Figure 7.6 Natural Phases of Organic Church Development
Guide
Cover
Table of Contents
Begin Reading
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church 3.0
upgrades for the future of the church
Neil Cole
Francis Chan
Copyright © 2010 by Neil Cole. All rights reserved.
Published by Jossey-Bass
A Wiley Imprint
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No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400, fax 978-646-8600, or on the Web at www.copyright.com. Requests to the publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, 201-748-6011, fax 201-748-6008, or online at www.wiley.com/go/permissions.
Readers should be aware that Internet Web sites offered as citations and/or sources for further information may have changed or disappeared between the time this was written and when it is read.
Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives or written sales materials. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation. You should consult with a professional where appropriate. Neither the publisher nor author shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages.
Jossey-Bass books and products are available through most bookstores. To contact Jossey-Bass directly call our Customer Care Department within the U.S. at 800-956-7739, outside the U.S. at 317-572-3986, or fax 317-572-4002.
Scripture quotations taken from the New American Standard Bible ®, Copyright © 1960, 1962, 1963, 1968, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1975, 1977, 1995 by The Lockman Foundation. Used by permission. (www.Lockman.org)
Jossey-Bass also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Cole, Neil, date.
Church 3.0 : upgrades for the future of the church / Neil Cole; foreword by Francis Chan.—1st ed.
p. cm.—(Leadership network)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-470-52945-4 (cloth)
1. Church. I. Title. II. Title: Church three point zero.
BV600.3.C63 2010
254’.5—dc22: 2009042687
leadership network titles
The Blogging Church: Sharing the Story of Your Church Through Blogs
, Brian Bailey and Terry Storch
Church Turned Inside Out: A Guide for Designers, Refiners, and Re-Aligners
, Linda Bergquist and Allan Karr
Leading from the Second Chair: Serving Your Church, Fulfilling Your Role, and Realizing Your Dreams
, Mike Bonem and Roger Patterson
The Way of Jesus: A Journey of Freedom for Pilgrims and Wanderers
, Jonathan S. Campbell with Jennifer Campbell
Leading the Team-Based Church: How Pastors and Church Staffs Can Grow Together into a Powerful Fellowship of Leaders
, George Cladis
Organic Church: Growing Faith Where Life Happens
, Neil Cole
Church 3.0: Upgrades for the Future of the Church
, Neil Cole
Off-Road Disciplines: Spiritual Adventures of Missional Leaders
, Earl Creps
Reverse Mentoring: How Young Leaders Can Transform the Church and Why We Should Let Them
, Earl Creps
Building a Healthy Multi-Ethnic Church: Mandate, Commitments, and Practices of a Diverse Congregation
, Mark DeYmaz
Leading Congregational Change Workbook
, James H. Furr, Mike Bonem, and Jim Herrington
The Tangible Kingdom: Creating Incarnational Community
, Hugh Halter and Matt Smay
Leading Congregational Change: A Practical Guide for the Transformational Journey
, Jim Herrington, Mike Bonem, and James H. Furr
The Leader’s Journey: Accepting the Call to Personal and Congregational Transformation
, Jim Herrington, Robert Creech, and Trisha Taylor
Whole Church: Leading from Fragmentation to Engagement
, Mel Lawrenz
Culture Shift: Transforming Your Church from the Inside Out
, Robert Lewis and Wayne Cordeiro, with Warren Bird
Church Unique: How Missional Leaders Cast Vision, Capture Culture, and Create Movement
, Will Mancini
A New Kind of Christian: A Tale of Two Friends on a Spiritual Journey
, Brian D. McLaren
The Story We Find Ourselves In: Further Adventures of a New Kind of Christian
, Brian D. McLaren
Missional Renaissance: Changing the Scorecard for the Church
, Reggie McNeal
Practicing Greatness: 7 Disciplines of Extraordinary Spiritual Leaders
, Reggie McNeal
The Present Future: Six Tough Questions for the Church
, Reggie McNeal
A Work of Heart: Understanding How God Shapes Spiritual Leaders
, Reggie McNeal
The Millennium Matrix: Reclaiming the Past, Reframing the Future of the Church
, M. Rex Miller
Shaped by God’s Heart: The Passion and Practices of Missional Churches
, Milfred Minatrea
The Missional Leader: Equipping Your Church to Reach a Changing World
, Alan J. Roxburgh and Fred Romanuk
Missional Map-Making: Skills for Leading in Times of Transition
, Alan J. Roxburgh
Relational Intelligence: How Leaders Can Expand Their Influence Through a New Way of Being Smart
, Steve Saccone
Viral Churches: Helping Church Planters Become Movement Makers
, Ed Stetzer and Warren Bird
The Externally Focused Quest: Becoming the Best Church for the Community,
Eric Swanson and Rick Rusaw
The Ascent of a Leader: How Ordinary Relationships Develop Extraordinary Character and Influence
, Bill Thrall, Bruce McNicol, and Ken McElrath
Beyond Megachurch Myths: What We Can Learn from America’s Largest Churches
, Scott Thumma and Dave Travis
The Elephant in the Boardroom: Speaking the Unspoken About Pastoral Transitions
, Carolyn Weese and J. Russell Crabtree
about leadership network
Since 1984, Leadership Network has fostered church innovation and growth by diligently pursuing its far-reaching mission statement: to identify, connect, and help high-capacity Christian leaders multiply their impact.
Although Leadership Network’s techniques adapt and change as the church faces new opportunities and challenges, the organization’s work follows a consistent and proven pattern: Leadership Network brings together entrepreneurial leaders who are focused on similar ministry initiatives. The ensuing collaboration—often across denominational lines—creates a strong base from which individual leaders can better analyze and refine their own strategies. Peer-to-peer interaction, dialogue, and sharing inevitably accelerate participants’ innovation and ideas. Leadership Network further enhances this process through developing and distributing highly targeted ministry tools and resources, including audio and video programs, special reports, e-publications, and online downloads.
With Leadership Network’s assistance, today’s Christian leaders are energized, equipped, inspired, and better able to multiply their own dynamic Kingdom-building initiatives.
Launched in 1996 in conjunction with Jossey-Bass (a Wiley imprint), Leadership Network Publications present thoroughly researched and innovative concepts from leading thinkers, practitioners, and pioneering churches. The series collectively draws from a range of disciplines, with individual titles offering perspective on one or more of five primary areas:
Enabling effective leadership
Encouraging life-changing service
Building authentic community
Creating Kingdom-centered impact
Engaging cultural and demographic realities
For additional information on the mission or activities of Leadership Network, please contact:
Leadership Network
(800) 765-5323
foreword
For the past two years, the elders of Cornerstone Church have been talking about changes that need to happen at our church. The more we studied the Scriptures together, the more convinced we were that change had to take place. There was no doubt in our minds that the Lord wanted our church to look more like a “body.”
For years, we emphasized each individual’s “personal relationship with Christ.” We gave little thought to how to become a collective witness. One person described it as “blackjack Christianity.” In the game of blackjack, you care only about your relationship with the dealer. You don’t really need to interact with anyone else seated at the table. Sunday services took on this mind-set as people came to work on their own relationships with God.
Personally, I enjoyed the old way of holding church services. I could hide in the back without having to interact with anyone. I even remember giving an illustration about ten years ago where I stood inside a refrigerator box with the top cut open. I told the congregation that we ought to worship like we’re inside a refrigerator box—paying no attention to the others around us. This was between you and God, so just look up at Him. I didn’t have any biblical support for this teaching, but no one challenged it. After all, it’s easier to neglect those around us. It’s rare that anyone challenges teaching that makes life easier.
I’ve long since repented for not just practicing isolationism but encouraging it. God’s desire is that we see ourselves as a family. Just as God wanted to display His glory through Israel rather than just Israelites, so He wants us to use the church rather than individual Christians.
But you are a chosen race, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a people for his own possession, that you may proclaim the excellencies of him who called you out of darkness into his marvelous light. 1 Peter 2:9
By myself, I can only speak of God’s love. With others, I have the opportunity to actually “show” love, forgiveness, and patience. Rather than just hearing about Jesus, people can actually get a glimpse of Him.
No one has ever seen God; if we love one another, God abides in us and his love is perfected in us. 1 John 4:12
As the elders continued in their quest to turn our gathering of church service attendees into a body, we discovered others around the world pursuing the same thing! We thought we were alone and seeking to pioneer something new. What we discovered was that the Holy Spirit had been leading others down this same road. And some were much further down this road than we were.
I first read Church 3.0 at a time when our leadership was struggling to find answers. The timing could not have been better. As a leadership team, we felt we had a good understanding of the big picture and God’s desire for the church. Our struggle was seeing how it would flesh itself out. That’s what I appreciated about this book. It’s practical. It goes beyond concepts and gets us to consider another way of gathering. It spurs our thinking.
It would be beneficial for every pastor to read Church 3.0. I’m not saying that you have to agree with everything Neil writes. In fact, I think it would be unhealthy to merely copy his methodology (or anyone’s, for that matter). I just believe it is in your best interest to wrestle with the thoughts he presents. It’s hard for me to imagine anyone reading this book without making at least some adjustments to church gatherings.
I’m very excited about the potential future of our church gatherings in America. Neil is certainly not alone in his desire to see the church transformed into the beautiful bride she was intended to be.
Francis Chan
preface
I cannot say whether things will get better if we change; what I can say is they must change if they are to get better.
—GEORG C. LICHTENBERG
To be born is a good thing. To know why you were born is a better thing. To fulfill the reason you were born is perhaps the greatest thing.
My life is devoted to creatively releasing the reproduction of healthy disciples, leaders, churches, and movements to the ends of the earth until Christ returns or I die. I am pretty set in this purpose, and it is hard to get me away from it. There is little else that I see relevant to my calling. This is what gets me up in the morning and keeps me up at night. All of my writings to date have been to this end. For instance:
Cultivating a Life for God and Search & Rescue were written to help reproduce healthy disciples.
Organic Leadership, Raising Leaders for the Harvest (with Bob Logan), and TruthQuest were written to develop healthy leaders.
Organic Church and Beyond Church Planting (also with Bob Logan) were written to release healthy church reproduction.
Church 3.0 is the first book I have written that is actually focused on the big picture of releasing healthy church movements. Although it addresses healthy churches (you can’t have a church movement without them), it presents a bigger picture. The upgrades I am recommending in this book are all dedicated to helping us see a true global church multiplication movement. God designed creation to have its own means of maintaining health. Fertility follows health but is supplanted by the sickness that comes from unhealthy mutations. When that happens, the organism cannot reproduce and thus spreads the illness. This is not simply survival of the fittest; it is God’s design for keeping the creation sustainable for generations. I believe this is also true of the organic nature of His church, which is a living thing.
One of the reasons I believe our conventional churches are not multiplying is because God doesn’t want to multiply them. Frankly, he doesn’t want more of the problems we currently face. We, as God’s people, must become better so that when we are multiplied the world will be better. It is time for an upgrade.
Like all upgrades, however, there is a cost. The new system must replace the old. The two systems cannot work simultaneously. This doesn’t mean that your church should be closed for good, or that everyone should start doing church exclusively in homes. What I mean is that we need to replace old ways of thinking about God’s church with new ones that can release the health, growth, and reproduction meant to be characteristic of the church. The solution is not found in models but in a mind-set. The “CPYou” must be running the right software.
Whatever type of church you are part of, you can change your thinking about these things, discover greater health, and be part of a global movement for a different kind of church. The word in the New Testament for repentance, “metanoia,” means to change one’s mind. Jesus wrote letters to seven churches in Asia Minor in which he says to “repent” eight times. Apparently churches need to change their mind, and a lot. We must learn to change the way we think about things because we can be easily seduced into lazy patterns of thinking. To repent, we must stop thinking in the old way, and start thinking in the new way. It is not enough to stop thinking wrongly; we must also train our fresh minds to think rightly about things. In each chapter, I not only share what is wrong with some of the old ways in which we think but offer a better solution.
This repentance, or changing the way we think, is not optional for cutting-edge churches to reap the benefits. It is something every church should be willing to do. For this reason, Jesus concludes each letter to the seven churches with the same words: “He who has ears to hear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches.” We all need to regularly question if we are indeed hearing what the Spirit is saying to the churches. We cannot simply assume that what was will be, and always should be. Unless the Scriptures truly state it clearly, we should expect the Head of the church to be saying something new to us regularly, and we should be listening.
I realize I run the risk of confusing people with a book of this title, after all of my work establishing the idea of an organic church. Let me be clear: the church is organic. Organic is not a metaphor about the church. Church is not like an organism; it is an organism, and like all organisms she should be healthy, be fruitful, and reproduce after her own kind in a natural way.
The idea of an upgrade in the operating system of the church is using a metaphor to make a point. Please understand that I am not moving away from seeing church as organic in any way whatsoever. Using the parable of upgrading the operating system of the church, I want to show that in all the ways in which we are most concerned for church we can do better. We are indebted to do better. To do otherwise would be to lose perhaps the greatest opportunity in human history, all because “we never did it that way before.”
At the same time, we are also entering a time when the Web is moving quickly toward being more viral, integrated, forming self-sustaining communities; it is becoming personally adaptable, peer-to-peer, and in a sense … well, organic. People are speaking today about Web 2.0 in this manner. Social networking on the Internet is teaching us much about ourselves and connecting us with ourselves. Twitter, Facebook, MySpace, Flickr, and LinkedIn connect us to one another in ways we previously could not do so. Suddenly I am bantering back and forth with friends I haven’t seen in thirty years, as if it’s been only thirty minutes. In a real sense, the Web is not artificial; it is alive because it is us.
So what comes next? I am not the person to tell you what technology has in store for us, but I can tell you what I am learning about the church that is coming.
This book may appear to be simply answering the questions I am most often asked about organic churches, and to some extent this is true. But the book is much more than that. The questions are simply a place from which to launch an exploration of the shifts that must take place for churches to become healthy enough to reproduce. I answer the questions I am most often asked about organic church, and I use those questions as an excuse to reveal how we need to change our thinking … to repent. So before you begin, I want you to ask yourself if you are willing to have ears to hear.
This book is about a return to fertility and function for the church that can make a difference in the world, thereby making the world a different place.
acknowledgments
There are times when I do actually feel like an engineer reimagining a new kind of church. I am not, however, alone in a secluded, sterilized, hermetically sealed basement developing a new version of church; quite the opposite. I have been in the dirt planting seeds and pulling weeds. And I have not been alone. This book is not the product of my own work but the experimentation of many, and there are a few whom I must recognize specifically for their contribution.
Awakening Chapels have been a learning laboratory for more than ten years now, and I am grateful for every one of you who have allowed me the privilege of learning with you.
Church Multiplication Associates and all my Greenhouse friends have been a constant source of blessing. You have been very patient with all the variations of training I have thrown your way. Over the years, your number has become too great for me to now list every name, but know that you are not forgotten or unappreciated.
Paul Kaak, you have refined all my thinking and encouraged my heart as we plowed ground, planted seed, tended to the growth, and together watched the harvest come. Your wisdom is reflected on so many pages of this book that I must thank you for coming along with me on this journey.
Alan Hirsch is a friend and co-conspirator. I have found that I was thinking of him often as I was writing, so I owe him a shout out. Bro, you have inspired me to write with greater thoughtfulness, boldness, and reflection. Thanks.
Thom Wolf has been a mentor to me, and also a deep vein of outstanding ideas. It is hard to find a book I have written that does not demonstrate some of Thom’s genius.
You will not need to read very far in this book to realize that my entire family is at the core of all I am about. I must thank my life-love and closest friend, Dana, for walking with me all these years. You have shown such patience with my strange ideas, ever-increasing travel, and the occasional verbal assault against your husband from someone you’ve never even met.
I also must acknowledge my children, Heather, Erin, and Zachary. I have no greater joy than to watch you all walk in the truth. Keep it up! I am so proud of each of you.
dedication
This book is dedicated to my brother and fellow organic church gardener, Paul Kaak. Some years ago we dreamed and schemed together of what could be, and today it is becoming. What a ride!
I use the word “bro” a lot (especially when I forget a name). So using it in reference to Paul just feels a little cheap. But actually he is like a real, flesh-and-blood brother to me. We have sibling squabbles and yet willingly share everything. We stay up till all hours of the night talking about anything and everything. I tease him, and he teases me right back, but woe to anyone else who would do the same. I would take on any school-yard bully for him, and I know he would do the same for me.
introductionwhat about this book?: shifting from church 2.0 to 3.0
It is impossible for a man to learn what he thinks he already knows.
—EPICTETUS
DID YOU EVER have a silly song in your head that you wished you could get rid of? It happens to us all. Some songs are so contagious that if one person hums the tune for two minutes, soon everyone in the room will be humming or thinking about the same song.
Chip and Dan Heath tell of an interesting Ph.D. study conducted at Stanford in 1990 based on a simple game of tapping songs.1 There were two roles for people to play in this experiment: “tappers” and “listeners.” The tappers were each given twenty-five well-known songs such as “Happy Birthday to You” and told to tap the melody on a table. Listeners were to guess the name of the song. It sounds simple enough.
In the experiment, a total of 120 songs were tapped out. The listeners guessed right on only 2.5 percent of the songs. The listeners succeeded in guessing the right song 3 tries out of 120. What was remarkable about the study, and what merits repeating the story here, is that the tappers were asked to predict their success prior to tapping. They estimated that the listeners would figure it out 50 percent of the time. How could they be so far off? That is what is so interesting in the study.
The problem is that when the tapper taps, she is hearing the song played in her head. You can’t do the exercise without hearing the song; try it. The listeners, however, do not hear the song in their head; all they hear is a collection of random taps as if someone is trying to tell them some encrypted message with Morse Code.
Tappers were amazed how hard it seemed for the listeners to figure out the tune. When they guessed wrong on a well-known song such as “The Star Spangled Banner,” they would just look at the listener in a flabbergasted way, as if the listener were stupid.
The Heath brothers concluded: “The problem is that the tappers have been given knowledge (the song title) that makes it impossible for them to imagine what it’s like to lack that knowledge. When they’re tapping, they can’t imagine what it’s like for the listeners to hear isolated taps rather than a song. This is the Curse of Knowledge. Once we know something, we find it hard to imagine what it is like to not know it.”2
In many ways, I believe we evangelical Christians suffer from the curse of knowledge. Not that knowledge is evil or a bad thing to have, but it can prevent us from learning something new. How many times have you tried to explain something new to someone, only to watch his eyes glaze over with inattentiveness and then hear him say repeatedly, “Yeah, I know. I know.” You know the person doesn’t really know, but try convincing the person of it. This is the curse of knowledge preventing someone from hearing something new. It happens all the time.
When it comes to explaining some of the remarkable changes that are coming with Church 3.0, we simply must address the curse of knowledge before we can go much further. For hundreds of years now, we have all been operating under the knowledge of an old system, and it is all we have known. We have had the same song in our head for centuries. For you to even be somewhat open to the new ideas I am suggesting in this book, we need to address the fact that what you have known is not necessarily the only way to understand things in the Bible or the church.
I am not proposing that we dump the Bible and instead learn from sociologists and trendy pop thinkers. In fact, quite the opposite: I want us to seriously ask ourselves if what we have always assumed to be in the Bible is indeed there. You see, I think we have a song in our head when we read the Scriptures, and the result is that we hear what is playing in our head more than what is written on the page. We are thumping out the tune on our Bibles instead of letting the Scripture teach us a new song. We must set our minds free from the ancient songs that are rattling in our heads and read the New Testament as if for the very first time. Is it really possible? If we are bold enough to try, we can discover some interesting things. I want to challenge you to take that adventure.
The truth is, it will serve you well throughout this book to try to mute the songs in your head, the ones written by our church fathers, and look at the Scriptures with fresh eyes. For far too long, Christian leaders have claimed that an idea is “biblical” because they want it to be. In reality, all they did was simply tag on a few verses, often taken out of context, and put parentheses at the end of their idea. Doing this claims unfounded authority for ideas, but it also teaches a song. All of us have done this. We need to stop, so I am asking you for a little grace to listen to what I am saying in this book.
Be noble-minded, like the Berean people in Acts 17:10–15: “Now these were more noble-minded … for they received the word with great eagerness, examining the Scriptures daily to see whether these things were so.” Having learned the Old Testament and the song of the rabbinical teachers for years, suddenly they were hearing some remarkable truths that countered all they had been taught for centuries. They checked the Scriptures with eagerness to learn and find out what was said. They were not closed-minded; they were noble-minded, and there is a difference—a big one.
You will probably find, at some point in this book, that what I am sharing jars your sensibilities because it may be a radical departure from all you have known about church. It is possible that I am not reading the Scriptures well. Then again, it is possible that the song we have been taught to sing is not really prescribed in the Bible. It may be a good song, but there could be other good songs, perhaps even better ones. Be eager to search the Scriptures with a noble mind, but only if you have the courage to discover that you may not have been dancing to the right tune.
upgrading the operating system
Computer software upgrades can be a blessing and a curse. They come with fanfare and promise. Sometimes they deliver on the promise; at other times, they deliver nothing but headaches.
The software is often updated in secrecy and then released to the public without any true testing of how the changes will interact with third-party products. You may be the one to discover that the upgrade doesn’t work with the important systems you rely on every day. System patches and new plug-ins are released to try to mend the problems after the fact. For this reason, many experts suggest that you wait several months to adopt a new upgrade, so that others can be the lab rats that either find the cheese at the end of the maze or become trapped in the process. Once the early adopter rats are happily consuming a wealth of fresh cheddar, then you can safely make the switch.
What would happen if everyone stopped upgrading? The consequence would make a poor upgrade seem like the greatest breakthrough since the light bulb. Why? If we stop upgrading, we stop growing, learning, and becoming better. We need to improve, all the time. Granted, this leaves us with the potential for poor-quality upgrades, but that is better than no upgrades at all.
For some reason, the church is always the slowest to upgrade. Our conservative religious nature, which borders on superstition, tends to make everything sacred (especially things that are not meant to be so) and therefore untouchable. The result is that the church is often left behind, and soon irrelevant. When a ministry is blessed by God, we consider it His endorsement of the method. Long after the method is out of sync with culture and out of step with any good results, we still consider it God’s way and keep it going—often for decades or even centuries. Making changes in the church is often considered heretical and blasphemous. The sound of the eight lethal words of church management still echo in the boardrooms of the Western churches: “But we’ve never done it that way before.”
In software, as in the church, some upgrades are routine and minor, aimed at making the system a little better equipped to face the challenges of the day. Usually, a new feature or two, along with necessary patches, are added to the same basic system. In those cases, the upgrade usually bears the same first digit but is a fractionally higher number; the move is from 2.3 to 2.4, or maybe from 2.3 to 2.3.1.
Occasionally an upgrade changes the entire system. When blended technology, lessons learned by experience and testing, and breakthroughs in computer technology itself all demand a new system, patches and added features are not enough. The old system must be scrapped and the new one put in its place. Those upgrades are demarked by a change in the first digit of the software—from 2.7 to 3.0.
Of course, there is a learning curve that comes with this new upgrade, but the new advancements are so valuable that they make the learning worthwhile. A short time after this occurs, an entire industry can step up and make the old systems and hardware that supported them entirely obsolete. Stores discontinue the old technology as the whole industry moves forward. Remember DOS and floppy disks?
A good upgrade does a few things. It makes operation simpler and more intuitive. It also is more powerful in accomplishing all its important tasks. Finally, a good upgrade opens up the software to whole new markets that would never have tried to use the product in the past.
There have been two major upgrades in church formation, since Acts, that have changed the entire system. The first occurred dramatically during the rule of the Emperor Constantine. The church shifted from an underground, grassroots, organic movement to a more institutionalized organization. I believe the second is occurring now.
church 1.0
The first-century church was Church 1.0, with its minor differences. The Jerusalem church would have been the original Church 1.0. Antioch would be Church 1.1. The Galatian churches, started in the first journey of Paul and Barnabas, would represent Church 1.2. Corinth would represent a change to 1.3, as Paul added some patches to how he approached church. The Ephesian church would be Church 1.4. And so the changes went on, through two centuries of church life, kept simple and organic by oppression and persecution from ten Roman emperors. Heresies emerged and were purged. There was the establishment of regional bishops and institutionalization of some of the forms of Christianity during this period, but overall the church remained a grassroots, marginalized movement under the heat of intense persecution.
All that changed in 313 A.D., when Constantine declared that the empire would not only tolerate Christianity but restore to the church all lost property. He was the first “Christian” emperor; Christianity went instantly from the margins to the mainstream, and everything changed. Christianity became the state religion, and the church did not change much from that point on. This was the shift to Church 2.0 and all its eventual variants.
church 2.0
Over the centuries, after Constantine, the Western church evolved in many ways, but none has been a significant systemic change. There was establishment of both the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church, and for hundreds of years there were very few changes. The Reformation split the Western church into the Roman Church and the volatile Protestant church, or Church 2.1. In spite of the differences, the institutional system remained mostly unchanged. The Reformation set loose (and persecuted) the Anabaptists, but this was just a change from Church 2.1 to 2.2. Whether the church adapts to reach coal miners in eighteenth-century England or postmodern pilgrims in the twenty-first century, most of the changes have been patches and plug-ins to the Church 2.0 system. Whether you are talking about high church or low, Pentecostal or Reformed, the church has remained in the 2.0 range of upgrades. From Baptist to Brethren, from Mennonite to Methodist, the changes in the system are relatively untouched over the centuries. Music or no music? Pipe organ or electric guitar? Whether seeing tall ceilings with stained-glass windows, or meeting in a box building without windows, the actual system of church has gone relatively unchanged.
You have the priests or pastors, the Sunday service with singing and a sermon, the weekly offering, the pulpit with pews, and the church building. These have been constants since the fourth century. Even if you move the whole show into a house instead of a church building, if the system hasn’t changed you have only shrunk the church, not transformed it. Changing the style of music does not upgrade the system. Turning down the lights and turning up the volume is a simple patch to the same old system. Choirs and hymns or praise bands and fog machines, kneeling, or standing are miniscule changes to the system. Sermonizing with topical messages or expositional ones is not changing the system; it’s making minor adjustments. Sunday schools or small groups as secondary learning environments are not a systemic change at all, just a variation on the same old operational system.
Although most of the advances to Church 2.0 over the centuries have been plug-ins and patches to the same old system, there have been anomalies along the way. Usually, these anomalies are the result of rampant persecution driving the church back to the old default system. One could say that these are examples of going back to the Church 1.0 system, because their 2.0 system crashed in the face of extreme heat. The radical Anabaptist churches are an example. The Chinese house church phenomenon is also a departure from the expression of the Church 2.0 system. These experiments are really not the norm and have not, to date, influenced the church as a whole in any permanent fashion, except perhaps to say that they are part of the learning that has led to this new operating system—Church 3.0.
church 3.0
I believe that the second major shift is occurring now, in our lifetime. Many people want to go back to the beginning again. As much as I am enamored of what I learned about the church of the first century, we simply cannot go back; we can only go forward. Granted, if we went back it would be a vast improvement on where we have been more recently. I have to ask, though: Could we do even better than Church 1.0? Some may find even such a question as this heretical. It is only a question, but it bears consideration.
Could we actually improve on the first-century church? A careful study of Acts reveals that even in the first decades of the church there was profound improvement as people learned from experience. Why not seek more improvements today, building on the foundation of two thousand years of mistakes? I believe it is possible. I think we can see the awesome impact and rapid spread that the first century saw, but we also can benefit from two thousand years of learning and use today’s technological advances.
Imagine if the apostle Paul could buy an airline ticket and be across the world in twelve hours instead of twelve years. Imagine what he would do with the Internet and the ability to see events unfold globally and instantaneously. Our ability to understand culture and translate languages today is built on two thousand years of mistakes along with the successes they produced. Perhaps more than any other benefit we have is looking in hindsight at how easily institutionalization took over the church. It was no longer people in relationship to one another, but an organized system. Armed with that knowledge, we can now move forward. The early church flew blindly into a trap of a religious hierarchical system that kept her in the dark ages for hundreds of years. History can train us for the future, if we listen to it. No, Church 3.0 is not a shift downward in church life or quality. It is an upgrade in every sense of the word, perhaps even rising above the early church. Why would we suspect that God is content with our going backwards? Why wouldn’t He want us to grow and develop in better ways?
The best upgrades do a few things. First they allow greater power in what you want to accomplish, and Church 3.0 is a huge boost in raw spiritual power. Every part of the body of Christ can function at a much higher level. A second thing you may look for in an upgrade is to move to a simpler and more intuitive way of using the system. This upgrade to Church 3.0 is certainly that, in many ways. It is built on simplicity and potency bound together to increase speed and power in the influence that the church can and should have. Third, upgrades take advantage of the latest discoveries in technology and help you interact better with all the other electronics you may use. Church 3.0 is far and away better at being fluid, mixing with multiple expressions of church structure, and overcoming the world’s obstacles. Fourth, an upgrade should have greater capacity to accommodate much more information, functionality, and storage. Finally, some cool new features in an upgrade should significantly improve the system’s performance and make it much more fun to use. Church 3.0 is so enjoyable that it is quite common for those who have made the switch to comment that they could never go back to the old system.
Do not be deceived into thinking that this is just another patch to the same old system; it is a radical change from the core of the church. Church 3.0 has rebuilt the function of the church in every sense, from the smallest to the largest capacity. Figure I.1, developed by Paul Kaak and me, demonstrates that the coming changes are polar shifts that will mean a fundamental change in church, from the core.
Figure I.1 Contrasting Church 2.0 with Church 3.0
the change is not just coming; it is already here
I am not a futurist. I am no prophet. This world has changed in dramatic fashion, right out from under us. God has already called a few brave people to lead the way with the church upgrades of the future. In this book, I list many shifts that must take place for the future of the church because I have seen them already at work. As a habit, I do not write a book until I have experienced what it is I am writing about. Having traveled all over the world, training national leaders on the ground doing the work, I must tell you that these upgrades are already put in place by the Lord for a time such as this. Read this book, not as some guy’s wild vision for what could potentially happen, but as a report of what is already taking place. For me, the question is not “Will this happen?” but “Will you and your church be a part of what God is up to in these incredible times?”
All this to say that there is something happening, and it is a shift of global proportions. In the last couple of years, Time magazine, the Los Angeles Times, and the Chicago Tribune have published articles on the rising movement. A Japanese newspaper (with a circulation of 2.5 million) and the Wall Street Journal recently interviewed me about our movement. Each journalistic piece examined the large numbers of people leaving the old ways of doing church (Church 2.0) for new, more relational and viral churches less dependent on clergy and programs. Something is going on. We are at the start of a new movement.
what is this book about?
This book is not a defense of organic church, because I do not feel the need to defend something that is natural and fruitful. Even though I am answering questions most often asked about organic church, I am not defending it; I am demonstrating that we can all do church better. Your church, no matter what kind it is, will do well to make some of the shifts mentioned in this book. Even if you must make small and incremental shifts, the ideas expressed here are all about becoming healthier, relating to one another more naturally, and empowering all of God’s people on mission together. If you are in a situation where virtually none of these recommendations can be employed, then at least you can be informed of what many believe is coming for the kingdom of God, all over the world.
This is also not a book saying why organic churches are better than the other kind. Anyone who knows me knows that I do not think the organic church is a model of church, but natural principles and processes that can and do work in any model. Organic church is a mind-set, not a model. It is a way of relating more naturally to God, one another, and the world in which we are all planted. When I refer to the organic church movement, understand that this movement is not strictly house churches, but churches of all sizes and structures. The movement has spread through diverse denominations and parachurch organizations. Granted, if you were to use our principles and processes from the start you would end up with a rapidly multiplying network of simple churches, but we are conducting training (every part of it) in established church structures, and it is just as relevant for those settings.
The goal of this book is simple: to look at several ways in which the church can accomplish its mission better in the future than it has in the past. The change to Church 3.0 is a shift from a program-driven and clergy-led institutionalized approach of church to one that is relational, simple, and viral in its spread. Instead of seeing church as something that serves its people, church becomes people who serve—God, one another, and a hurting world. The change is from an organization to an organism that is healthy and reproductive. Church is no longer a place to go to, but a people to belong to. Church is no longer an event to be at, but a family to be a part of. Church is not a program to reach out to the world, but a people that bring the kingdom of God with them into a lost world, with a contagious spirit.
In a sense, I am hoping to encourage us to open our eyes, look at a problem from another angle, and ask: If the Bible does not prescribe our current methods, can we do this better in another way? After doing just that for more than a decade now, and testing the process and ironing out the kinks, I am now putting forward some of what we have discovered. These upgrades have been tested and proven to be useful improvements for any and all churches, not just house churches. This book will be helpful for any church to apply; in fact, I believe we are at a point where we must make these changes. It is time to upgrade or die.
In Part One I lay out some profound changes that are taking place in our world today, presenting unprecedented opportunities for the church if we can make changes that capitalize on them.
The rest of the book is designed to answer the questions of those who are curious about what is happening but cannot seem to envision another way of doing church. I am asked the same familiar questions about organic church everywhere I go. What do you do with kids? What do you do to keep rampant heresy from overtaking organic churches when there are no trained leaders? Do you ever meet in larger venues? This book will address these questions, and many more.
This is not, however, simply a book to answer these questions. I want to show not only that we have thought through the issues but that we can actually improve on what has been done in the past. If our goal is simply to do church the same way but in a smaller setting, we have done nothing. Frankly speaking, I would rather be in a dysfunctional megachurch than a dysfunctional house church, because there I can at least hide in the crowd. If this new movement isn’t an upgrade, then all of us should quit. We are long overdue for an upgrade on how church is experienced.
Welcome to Church 3.0.
part oneglobal changes demand a better church
1what about the world we live in?: from a village church to a global village
The future has a way of arriving unannounced.
—GEORGE WILL
NOT SINCE THE GREAT FLOOD of Noah’s day has the world changed so rapidly as in the past twenty years. Population has increased at an exponential rate. Advances in technology have changed the very way we relate to one another. During the student revolt in Tiananmen Square, footage of a single man stopping a line of tanks symbolized the resistance. During the demonstrations in Freedom Square in Tehran in 2009, there was not one photo but thousands of posts on Twitter, Facebook pictures, and cell phone camera footage instantly sent all over the world. The entire world mourned as it watched a young woman, Neda Agha-Soltan, dying in the streets from a bullet wound. The world has become a smaller place, with immediate connection to anybody at anytime.
What would you think if someone told you only fifteen years ago that your car would speak to you and tell you when and where to turn? What would you have said five years ago if I told you that I’d just “tweeted” you? I wonder what development will come next year that will alter our vocabulary and our way of relating to one another.
Perhaps the institution most notoriously slow to change is the church. We are famous for resisting change, but we cannot afford to resist any longer. Our core belief in the Gospel itself and the consequent sanctification of believers is all about change, so we should be more welcoming of it. In the light of our Gospel truth and the constantly changing world, we simply must choose to make changes to take advantage of current global opportunities. We have not seen the same opportunities for the Gospel since perhaps the first century.
My mentor, Thom Wolf, often points out that the twenty-first century is quickly becoming the sister century to the first century.1 There are remarkable similarities between them. In this chapter, I list six corresponding characteristics tying the first century to the current one that create opportunities and challenges for the church.
a single and dominant superpower
For two hundred years, there was a type of peace on the planet, not because of the good nature of the people but because of the dominance of a world power that had no rivals: the Roman Empire. Historians have called that period Pax Romana, Latin for the peace of Rome. It was during this time that God stepped into the human world in the person of Jesus of Nazareth.
This Roman superpower actually benefited the spread of the Gospel in many ways. The first overseas missionaries were able to use their privilege of Roman citizenship to fulfill their missionary enterprise. Paul’s Roman citizenship allowed him to be taken to Rome (at the government’s expense) to proclaim his testimony to kings and ultimately the emperor himself. The Gospel was further advanced while Paul was under house arrest in Rome. There he was able to evangelize, train leaders, write letters, and fully accomplish his calling to bring God’s word to the Gentiles. Finally, the persecution of Christians by the Roman Empire helped spread the flame of Christianity across the world.
Today, for the first time in quite a while, we are experiencing another time when a single government is the dominant power in the world: the United States. Pax Americana has come, for better or worse. It has been anything but a peaceful time, but since the fall of Soviet Communism the United States has stood alone as the dominant force on the planet. The United States is not ruling over the rest of the nations, but it certainly plays a central role in important disputes. Wherever there is conflict, the United States tries to help settle the issue. Both the Israelis and the Palestinians call for the United States to do something when conflicts arise in the Middle East. Whether the United Nations sanctions it or not, the United States will police nations such as Iraq, the Balkans, and Afghanistan. We often do not carry this responsibility well, and “ugly American” is sometimes an earned sentiment, but our influence is definitely real even if it is not positive.
Today, having U.S. citizenship has some advantages as well. Being from the world’s only superpower does not make one popular, but it may open doors for advancement of the Gospel, and it will certainly afford some privilege.
a single, global trade language
In the first century, there was a single language that became the common language of trade for the whole world. It was not often the first language of any people, but they learned to be proficient in it for the convenience of trade and communications around the known world. It was Koine Greek.
