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- Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
- Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
- Sprache: Englisch
An expert review of recent progress in the study of turbulent flows with a focus on recently identified organized structures.
This book reviews the recent progress in the study of the turbulent flows that sculpt the Earth’s surface, focusing in particular on the organized structures that have been identified in recent years within turbulent flows. These coherent flow structures can include eddies or vortices at the scale of individual grains, through structures that scale with the flow depth in rivers or estuaries, to the large-scale structure of flows at the morphological or landform scale. These flow structures are of wide interest to the scientific community because they play an important role in fluid dynamics and influence the transport, erosion and deposition of sediment and pollutants in a wide variety of fluid flow environments.
Scientific knowledge of these structures has improved greatly over the past 20 years as computational fluid dynamics has come to play an increasing important part in building our understanding of coherent flow structures across a broad range of scales.
Chapters comprise a series of major, invited papers and a selection of the most novel, innovative papers presented at the second Coherent Flow Structures Conference held August 3-5, 2011 at Simon Fraser University in Burnaby, British Columbia.
Chapters focus on six major themes:
- Dynamics of coherent flow structures (CFS) in geophysical flows
- Interaction of turbulent flows, vegetation and ecological habitats
- Coherent structure of atmospheric flows
- Numerical modeling of coherent flow structures
- Turbulence in open channel flows
- Coherent flow structures, sediment transport and morphological feedbacks.
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Contents
Cover
Title Page
Copyright
List of Contributors
Preface
About the Companion Website
Chapter 1: What is a Coherent Flow Structure in Geophysical Flow?
1.1 Introduction
1.2 From random turbulence to coherent flow structures
1.3 Coherent flow structures in low Reynolds-number flows over smooth boundaries
1.4 Large-scale, high Reynolds-number coherent flow structures
1.5 Does scale matter?
1.6 What is the difference between the mean flow and CFS?
1.7 Coherent flow structures within geophysical flows: future research needs
References
Chapter 2: Structure of Turbulent Boundary Layers
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Eddy structures
2.3 Interactions of eddies on different scales
2.4 Extracting coherent structure from geophysical flows
2.5 Conclusions
2.6 Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 3: Structural Attributes of Turbulent Flow over a Complex Topography
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Experiments
3.3 Results
3.4 Discussion
3.5 Conclusions
3.6 Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 4: Coherent Flow Structures in the Pore Spaces of Permeable Beds underlying a Unidirectional Turbulent Boundary Layer: A Review and some New Experimental Results
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Flow across a permeable boundary layer: background
4.3 Boundary layer structure in the freeflow region over permeable beds
4.4 Flow within the transition layer of permeable beds
4.5 Discussion
4.6 Summary and challenges for future work
4.7 Acknowledgements
Notation
References
Chapter 5: Instabilities in Stratified Shear Flow
5.1 Introduction to Kelvin–Helmholtz and Holmboe instabilities
5.2 One-sidedness
5.3 Application of the Taylor–Goldstein equation to asymmetric profiles
5.4 Mixing
5.5 Field observations
5.6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 6: Scalar Turbulence within the Canopy Sublayer
6.1 Introduction
6.2 A brief review of scalar turbulence inside canopies
6.3 Scope
6.4 Scalar turbulence within the CSL
6.5 Summary and conclusions
6.6 Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 7: On the Structure of Wall Turbulence in the Thermally Neutral Atmospheric Surface Layer
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Field scale: atmospheric surface layer
7.3 Laboratory scale: turbulent boundary layer
7.4 Results
7.5 Discussion and conclusions
References
Chapter 8: Critical Reflections on the Coherent Flow Structures Paradigm in Aeolian Geomorphology
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Coherent flow structure end-member reference states
8.3 Flow structures over flat sandy surfaces
8.4 Flow structures over dunes
8.5 Discussion
8.6 Summary and conclusions
References
Chapter 9: Coherent Flow Structures in Vegetated Channels
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Coherent structures in vegetated channels
9.3 Conclusion
9.4 Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 10: Coherent Eddy Structures over Plant Canopies
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Evidence for organized motion
10.3 Buoyancy forcing
10.4 Summary and conclusions
10.5 Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 11: SPIV Analysis of Coherent Structures in a Vegetation Canopy Model Flow
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Experimental setup
11.3 Results
11.4 Discussion and conclusion
11.5 Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 12: Calculation and Eduction of Coherent Flow Structures in Open-Channel Flow Using Large-Eddy Simulations
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Method of LES
12.3 Examples
12.4 Conclusions
References
Chapter 13: Detection and Analysis of Coherent Flow Structures in a Depth-Limited Flow over a Gravel Surface
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Previous approaches to study CFS over gravel surfaces
13.3 Methodology
13.4 Results
13.5 Discussion
13.6 Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 14: COHSTREX: Coherent Structures in Rivers and Estuaries Experiment
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Stratified flow experiment
14.3 Unstratified flow experiment: thermal imaging
14.4 Summary
References
Chapter 15: Intermittent Suspension and Transport of Fine Sediment over Natural Tidal Bedforms
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Field site and data acquisition
15.3 Data analysis methods
15.4 Results
15.5 Discussion
15.6 Conclusions
15.7 Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 16: Large-Scale Coherent Flow Structures in Alluvial Pools
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Background
16.3 Methods
16.4 Results
16.5 Discussion and conclusion
References
Chapter 17: From Macroturbulent Flow Structures to Large-Scale Flow Pulsations in Gravel-Bed Rivers
17.1 Introduction and research context
17.2 Methods
17.3 Results
17.4 Discussion
17.5 Implications and conclusions
17.6 Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 18: Coherent Secondary Flows over a Water-Worked Rough Bed in a Straight Channel
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Methods
18.3 Results
18.4 Discussion
18.5 Conclusions
18.6 Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 19: Coherent Flow Structures, Initiation of Motion, Sediment Transport and Morphological Feedbacks in Rivers
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Grain-flow interaction: recent developments
19.3 Fluctuating fluid forces
19.4 Particle dislodgement paradox
19.5 Resolution of the particle dislodgement paradox
19.6 Analytical formulation
19.7 Experimental results
19.8 Thoughts on coherent structures and grain entrainment
19.9 Some additional thoughts on the impulse concept and particle entrainment
19.10 Conclusion
19.11 Acknowledgement
Notation
References
Chapter 20: Turbulence Modulation by Suspended Sediment in a Zero Mean-Shear Geophysical Flow
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Methods
20.3 Results
20.4 Discussion
20.5 Conclusions
20.6 Acknowledgement
References
Chapter 21: Effect of Migrating Bed Topography on Flow Turbulence: Implications for Modelling Sediment Transport
21.1 Introduction
21.2 Characterization of bed topography
21.3 Flow velocities above migrating bed forms
21.4 Turbulence patterns modulated by bed forms
21.5 Sediment transport modelling
21.6 Summary and concluding remarks
21.7 Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 22: Turbulence Structure and Sand Transport over a Gravel Bed in a Laboratory Flume
22.1 Introduction
22.2 Materials and methods
22.3 Results and discussion
22.4 Conclusions
References
Chapter 23: Coherent Structures and Mixing at a River Plume Front
23.1 Introduction
23.2 Background
23.3 Field campaign and measurements
23.4 Results
23.5 Comparison to prior field and laboratory results
23.6 Summary
References
Chapter 24: Interfacial Waves as Coherent Flow Structures associated with Continuous Turbidity Currents: Lillooet Lake, Canada
24.1 Introduction
24.2 Methods
24.3 Results and discussion
24.4 Conclusions
References
Index
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Coherent flow structures at Earths surface / edited by Jeremy G. Venditti … [et al.]. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-119-96277-9 (cloth) 1. Turbulence. I. Venditti, Jeremy G., 1971- TA357.5.T87C64 2013 551.3–dc23
2013014152
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books.
Cover image: patagonia_amo_2010355_lrg.jpg cover photo:
The western edge of the South Atlantic ocean gyre that brings warmer, saltier water from the subtropics where it collides with cooler fresher waters flowing up from the south. The currents meet at the eastern edge of the continental shelf, pulling nutrients up from the deep ocean and resulting in a phytoplankton bloom that highlights interfacial instabilities along the edges of the ocean currents. Captured with the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on NASA’s Aqua satellite on December 21, 2010. (Image courtesy of NASA’s Earth Observatory, http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=48244). ISS030-E-162344_lrg.jpg cover photo: Coherent flow structures generated in ice floes along the Kamchatka Peninsula in Russia by the southwestward-flowing Kamchatka ocean current on March 15, 2012. The image was taken by the Expedition 30 crew from the International Space Station (Image courtesy of NASA’s Earth Observatory, http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=77589). Cover design by Gary Thompson
List of Contributors
Ronald J. Adrian School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States. [email protected]
Joseph F. Atkinson Department of Civil, Structural, and Environmental Engineering, University at Buffalo, New York 14260, United States. [email protected]
Andreas C. W. Baas Department of Geography, King's College London, The Strand, London, VC2R 2LS, United Kingdom. [email protected]
Julio M. Barros Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 United States. [email protected]
Bernard O. Bauer Earth and Environmental Sciences and Physical Geography, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia V1V 1V7, Canada. [email protected]
Marius Becker MARUM-Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen 28359, Germany. [email protected]
Sean J. Bennett Department of Geography, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14261, United States. [email protected]
James L. Best Departments of Geology, Geography and Geographic Information Science, Mechanical Science and Engineering and Ven Te Chow Hydrosystems Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States. [email protected]
Gianluca Blois Departments of Mechanical Science and Engineering and Geology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, United States, and International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan. [email protected]
Jeffrey R. Carpenter Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, United States. [email protected]
Daniela Cava CNR – Institute of Atmosphere Sciences and Climate, National Research Council, Lecce, Italy. [email protected]
C. Chris Chickadel Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, United States. [email protected]
Kenneth T. Christensen Departments of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Aerospace Engineering and Geology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States, and International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan. [email protected]
Michael Church Department of Geography, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada. [email protected]
Clinton L. Dancey Baker Environmental Hydraulics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States. [email protected]
Panayiotis Diplas Imbt Environmental Hydraulics Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States. [email protected]
Michael J. Fay Department of Geography, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14261, United States. [email protected]
John J. Finnigan Marine and Atmospheric Research, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Canberra, Australia. [email protected]
Efi Foufoula-Georgiou St. Anthony Falls Laboratory and National Center for Earth-Surface Dynamics, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States. [email protected]
Michele Guala Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States. [email protected]
Richard J. Hardy Department of Geography, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom. [email protected]
Patrick A. Hesp School of the Environment, Flinders University, South Australia, 5042, Australia. [email protected]
Alexander R. Horner-Devine Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States. [email protected]
Yinting Hou Department of Civil, Structural, and Environmental Engineering, University at Buffalo, New York 14260, United States. [email protected]
Derek W. T. Jackson Centre for Coastal and Marine Research, University of Ulster, Coleraine, BT5S 1SA, Northern Ireland. [email protected]
Andrew T. Jessup Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, United States. [email protected]
Gabriel G. Katul Nicholas School of the Environment, Box 80328, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States. [email protected]
Ray Kostaschuk Department of Geography, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6, Canada. [email protected]
Roger A. Kuhnle United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Sedimentation Laboratory, Oxford, MS 38655, United States. Roger.Kuhnle @ars.usda.gov
Eva Kwoll MARUM-Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen 28359, Germany. [email protected]
Eddy J. Langendoen United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Sedimentation Laboratory, Oxford, MS 38655, United States. [email protected]
Gregory A. Lawrence Department of Civil Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [email protected]
Jeff LeHew Graduate Aerospace Laboratories, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, United States. [email protected]
Daniel G. MacDonald Department of Estuarine and Ocean Sciences, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Fairhaven, MA 02719, United States. [email protected]
Bruce J. MacVicar Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [email protected]
Timothy I. Marjoribanks Department of Geography, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom. [email protected]
Geneviève A. Marquis Département de Géographie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 3R9, Canada. [email protected]
Cheryl McKenna Neuman Department of Geography, Trent University, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. [email protected]
Beverly J. McKeon Graduate Aerospace Laboratories, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, United States. [email protected]
Stuart J. McLelland Department of Geography, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, United Kingdom. [email protected]
Ricardo Mejia-Alvarez Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 United States. Presently: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 United States. [email protected]
Amy Menczel Department of Geography, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [email protected]
Meredith Metzger Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States. [email protected]
Heidi Nepf Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States. [email protected]
Lana Obach Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [email protected]
Daniel R. Parsons Department of Geography, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX United Kingdom. [email protected]
Edward G. Patton Earth System Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80302, USA. [email protected]
Corrado Pellachini Bren School of Environmental Science and Management and Department of Earth Science, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, United States. [email protected]
Laurent Perret LUNAM Université, Ecole Centrale de Nantes, LHEEA, UMR CNRS 6598, 1 rue de la Noë BP 92101, F-44321 Nantes Cedex 3, France. [email protected]
Davide Poggi Dipartimento di Idraulica, Trasporti ed Infrastrutture Civili, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy. [email protected]
Jeffrey Rominger Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States. [email protected]
Nicholas J. Rosser Department of Geography, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom. [email protected]
André G. Roy Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [email protected]
Tony Ruiz LUNAM Université, Ecole Centrale de Nantes, LHEEA, UMR CNRS 6598, 1 rue de la Noë BP 92101, F-44321 Nantes Cedex 3, France. Present address: PSA Peugeot Citroën, DRIA/DSTF/MFTA, Case Courier VV1405 2, route de Gisy, F-78943 Vélizy-Villacoublay Cedex, France. [email protected]
Gregory H. Sambrook Smith School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom. [email protected]
Roger H. Shaw Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States. [email protected]
Arvind Singh St Anthony Falls Laboratory and National Center for Earth-Surface Dynamics, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States. [email protected]
Mario Siqueira Universidade de Brasilia, Departmento de Eng. Mecânica, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [email protected]
Thorsten Stoesser Hydro-environmental Research Centre, Cardiff School of Engineering, Cardiff University, The Parade, Cardiff CF243AA, United Kingdom. [email protected]
Stefan A. Talke Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97207, United States. [email protected]
Edmund W. Tedford Department of Civil Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [email protected]
Jeremy G. Venditti Department of Geography, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [email protected]
Ian J. Walker Department of Geography, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8W 3P5. Canada. [email protected]
Giles F. S. Wiggs School of Geography and Environment, Oxford University, Oxford, OX1 3QY, United Kingdom. [email protected]
Christian Winter MARUM-Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, 28359, Germany. [email protected]
Daniel G. Wren United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Sedimentation Laboratory, Oxford, MS 38655, United States. [email protected]
Lijun Zong Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States. [email protected]
Preface
Understanding fluid flow at Earth's surface is of central importance to understanding the dynamics of Earth's surface and its lower atmosphere. These geophysical flows, in environments ranging from deserts to forests and from rivers to the oceans and atmosphere, are structured across a wide range of spatial and temporal scales, from small-scale turbulent vortices generated at the boundaries and responsible for grain motion, to large-scale circulation patterns that generate atmospheric and geomorphic features visible from space. This book derives from a conference held at Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada, 3–5 August 2011 entitled Coherent Flow Structures in Geophysical Flows at the Earth's Surface. The conference built on the success of an earlier meeting entitled Coherent Flow Structures in Open Channel Flows held at the University of Leeds, UK, in 1995, which produced a well-cited book of the same name (edited by Ashworth, Bennett, Best and McLelland and published in 1996 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd). The 1995 conference launched an impressive array of research into the structure of fluid flows in rivers. The 2011 meeting had a wider scope than the earlier conference, expanding beyond rivers to flows in all natural environments at Earth's surface. The 2011 conference brought together the research community that uses numerical simulations, laboratory modelling and field observation to study coherent flow structures (CFS), their interaction with sediment, vegetation, and benthic communities, the manipulation of such flow structures for managing sedimentary environments, and the key roles they play in Earth surface dynamics.
The conference would not have been possible without the dedicated volunteer efforts of a small group of graduate students, postdocs and staff at Simon Fraser University including Maureen Attard, Ryan Bradley, Megan Hendershot, Caroline Le Bouteiller, Martin Lin, John Ng, Dan Shugar and Andrea Vigna. Justin Ankenmann from SFU Meeting, Event and Conference Services arranged many of the conference logistics and made the process much easier for the organizers. The US National Science Foundation (nsf.gov), the National Center for Earth Surface Dynamics (nced.umn.edu) and TSI (tsi.com) provided funds for student conference registration and accommodation, allowing an impressive, enthusiastic and motivated group of young researchers to attend the meeting. Additional funds for coffee breaks, lunches, keynote speaker travel costs, student awards and a field trip on the Fraser River were provided through generous support from the British Society for Geomorphology (geomorphology.org.uk), the Canadian Geomorphology Research Group (cgrg.geog.uvic.ca), Dantec Dynamics (dantecdynamics.com), Golder Associates Ltd. (golder.ca), LAVision (lavision.de), Met-Flow (met-flow.com), Nortek USA (nortekusa.com), Reson (reson.com), Rockland Scientific (rocklandscientific.com), Simon Fraser University (sfu.ca), SFU Geography (sfu.ca/geography/), SonTek/YSI (sontek.com), Teledyne RD Instruments (rdinstruments.com), the Jack and Richard Threet Chair at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (illinois.edu) and Wiley (wiley.com).
There were 107 abstracts submitted to the Coherent Flow Structures in Geophysical Flows at the Earth's Surface conference and it was not possible to produce a book with a chapter from each contributor. With this volume, the editors attempted to compile a group of contributions that represent the very best reviews and the most exciting new research presented at the meeting, and attempted also to achieve a breadth that covers the field so that this book might become a state-of-the-art treatment on CFS in flows at Earth's surface. Ultimately, this volume illustrates how the study of coherent flow structures is now being applied to geophysical flows at Earth's surface.
The first chapter represents the editors' attempt to define what a coherent flow structure is in geophysical flows and how the idea is currently being applied. In the second chapter, Ron Adrian describes the primary coherent flow structures identified in hydraulically smooth boundary layer flows at low Reynolds numbers. Chapters 3–5 deal with the dynamics of CFS in flows at Earth's surface. Subsequent chapters deal with CFS in airflows (6–8) and through vegetation canopies (6 and 9–11). New methods for examining CFS are reviewed in Chapters 12–14. The final group of chapters deals with coherent flow structures in sediment-transporting flows. This includes chapters on CFS in estuarine tidal flows (14 and 15), morphological scale CFS in rivers (16–18), the dynamic linkage between CFS and sediment movement (19 and 20), the statistical properties of turbulence in sediment transporting flows (21 and 22) and CFS associated with gravity currents (23 and 24).
The editors are extremely grateful to the volume contributors for all their hard work, cooperation and for making this book possible. Each paper was fully peer reviewed and, where possible, by someone who attended the conference and someone who did not. The editors thank this group of reviewers for their essential, yet uncredited, contribution to the volume. The staff at Wiley, especially Rachael Ballard, Fiona Seymour and Lucy Sayer, have been very helpful and supportive in bringing this volume to publication.
We hope that this volume, like its predecessor, will become an authoritative record of advances in our understanding of coherent flow structures in flows at Earth's surface and that it will set the stage for new research developments in the field.
Jeremy G. Venditti
Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
James L. Best
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
Michael Church
The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
Richard J. Hardy
Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
About the Companion Website
This book is accompanied by a companion website:
www.wiley.com/go/venditti/coherentflowstructures
The website includes:
Powerpoints of all figures from the book for downloadingPDFs of tables from the bookAnimation videos
