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Beschreibung

Food processing technologies are an essential link in the food chain. These technologies are many and varied, changing in popularity with changing consumption patterns and product popularity. Newer process technologies are also being evolved to provide the added advantages.

Conventional and Advanced Food Processing Technologies fuses the practical (application, machinery), theoretical (model, equation) and cutting-edge (recent trends), making it ideal for industrial, academic and reference use. It consists of two sections, one covering conventional or well-established existing processes and the other covering emerging or novel process technologies that are expected to be employed in the near future for the processing of foods in the commercial sector. All are examined in great detail, considering their current and future applications with added examples and the very latest data.

Conventional and Advanced Food Processing Technologies is a comprehensive treatment of the current state of knowledge on food processing technology. In its extensive coverage, and the selection of reputed research scientists who have contributed to each topic, this book will be a definitive text in this field for students, food professionals and researchers.

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Table of Contents

Title Page

Copyright

Dedication

List of Contributors

Foreword

Section 1: Conventional Food Processing

Chapter 1: Drying and Dehydration Processes in Food Preservation and Processing

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Drying kinetics

1.3 Different drying processes

1.4 Conclusions

Abbreviations

References

Chapter 2: Size Reduction Practices in Food Processing

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Applications of the grinding process

2.3 Grinding energy laws

2.4 Machinery requirement

2.5 Mechanism of size reduction

2.6 Size reduction of liquid

2.7 Conclusions

References

Chapter 3: Dough Processing: Sheeting, Shaping, Flattening and Rolling

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Dough sheeting

3.3 Shaping

References

Chapter 4: Extrusion Processing of Foods

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Application of extrusion technology

4.3 Description of an extruder

4.4 Selected extrusion technology

4.5 Post-extrusion treatment

4.6 Quality characteristics of product

4.7 Equations related to food extrusion

4.8 Present status

References

Chapter 5: The Process of Gelling

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Classification of gels

5.3 Gelling process

5.4 Mechanism of gel formation

5.5 Methods for characterization of gels

5.6 Mathematical models

5.7 Conclusions

References

Chapter 6: Thermal Food Preservation Techniques (Pasteurization, Sterilization, Canning and Blanching)

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Pasteurization and sterilization

6.3 Aseptic processing

6.4 Canning

6.5 Blanching

References

Chapter 7: Extraction Processes

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Conventional extraction

7.3 Advanced extraction processes

References

Chapter 8: Baking

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Bread

8.3 Biscuit

8.4 Cake

8.5 Machinery

8.6 Conclusions

References

Chapter 9: Frying of Foods

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Frying as a unit operation

9.3 Properties of fried products

9.4 Machinery of frying

9.5 Stability of fried products

9.6 Conclusions

Acknowledgement

References

Chapter 10: Roasting and Toasting Operations in Food: Process Engineering and Applications

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Applications of the process in specific foods

10.3 Process modelling

10.4 Machinery and methods

10.5 Changes during roasting/toasting

10.6 Recent researches

10.7 Possible future applications

10.8 Conclusions

Symbols

References

Chapter 11: Micronization and Encapsulation: Application of Supercritical Fluids in Water Removal

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Supercritical fluid

11.3 Developmental stages

11.4 Process description and influence of process parameters

11.5 Conclusions and future perspectives

Abbreviations

Acknowledgements

References

Chapter 12: Flavouring and Coating Technologies for Preservation and Processing of Foods

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Flavouring of foods

12.3 Edible coatings for food applications

12.4 Food flavouring by coating

12.5 Regulatory aspects and future trends

Acknowledgements

References

Chapter 13: Instantization and Agglomeration of Foods

13.1 Introduction

13.2 Applications of the technology/process

13.3 Process technology

13.4 Scientific principles

13.5 Conclusions and future possibilities

References

Chapter 14: Fortification and Impregnation Practices in Food Processing

14.1 Introduction

14.2 Food modification by vacuum impregnation

14.3 Food modification by osmotic dehydration

14.4 Influence parameters on food modification by VI and OD

14.5 Traditional and future applications

14.6 Combination of OD and VI with other processes

14.7 Conclusions

Abbreviations

References

Chapter 15: Refrigeration in Food Preservation and Processing

15.1 Introduction

15.2 Changes in foods during refrigeration

15.3 Chilling and freezing time prediction

15.4 Refrigeration equipment

15.5 Refrigerated storage and transport

15.6 Recent developments in food refrigeration

15.7 Conclusions

References

Chapter 16: Biotransformation in Food Processing

16.1 Introduction

16.2 Production of gluconic acid

16.3 Ascorbic acid

16.4 Lactose hydrolysis by β-galactosidase

16.5 Invert sugar

16.6 Production of oligosaccharides

16.7 Glucose isomerization

16.8 Production of flavour and fragrance

16.9 Artificial sweetener

16.10 Conclusions

References

Section 2: Advanced Processes

Chapter 17: Ultraviolet in Food Preservation and Processing

17.1 Introduction

17.2 Microbial disinfection

17.3 Mycotoxin elimination

17.4 Inactivation of enzymes in juices

17.5 Improvement of polymer films

17.6 Conclusions

References

Chapter 18: Application of Microwave Technology in Food Preservation and Processing

18.1 Introduction

18.2 Background

18.3 Principles

18.4 Applications of microwave in food preservation and processing

18.5 Present status and future possibilities

18.6 Conclusions

References

Chapter 19: Infrared in Food Preservation and Processing

19.1 Introduction

19.2 Theory of infrared drying

19.3 Application of infrared energy in food industry

19.4 Conclusions

References

Chapter 20: Application of Radiowave Frequency in Food Processing

20.1 Introduction

20.2 Principles of RF processing

20.3 Use of RF heating in food processing

20.4 Factors influencing RF heating processes

20.5 Computer simulation of RF heating in food processing

20.6 Conclusions

References

Chapter 21: Application of Ultrasonics in Food Preservation and Processing

21.1 Introduction

21.2 Ultrasound mechanism

21.3 Application of ultrasound in food processing

21.4 Conclusions

References

Chapter 22: Membrane Processing

22.1 Introduction

22.2 Terminology and general considerations

22.3 Pressure-driven membrane operations

22.4 Electrodialysis

22.5 Membrane contactors

22.6 Membrane bioreactors

22.7 Pervaporation

22.8 Conclusions

Abbreviations

References

Chapter 23: Nanoparticles and Nanotechnology in Food

23.1 Introduction

23.2 Advantages of nanotechnology

23.3 Applications in food preservation and processing

23.4 Process technology

23.5 Regulatory and safety issues

23.6 Conclusions

References

Chapter 24: High Pressure Processing: Current Status

24.1 Introduction

24.2 Heat transfer during high pressure processing

24.3 Mass transfer during high pressure processing

24.4 Studies on nonuniformity of pressure in solid foods

24.5 Effect of high pressure on bioactive compounds in foods

24.6 Mechanisms of microbial inactivation during high pressure processing

References

Chapter 25: Ozone Processing

25.1 Introduction

25.2 Ozone properties

25.3 Ozone generation

25.4 Antimicrobial action

25.5 Applications of ozone

25.6 Remarks on health and safety concerns

Acknowledgements

References

Chapter 26: Application of Pulsed Electric Fields in Food

26.1 Introduction

26.2 Principle of action

26.3 Application

26.4 Equipment design

26.5 Outlook

References

Chapter 27: Ohmic Heating

27.1 Introduction

27.2 Applications of OH system

27.3 OH heating process and equipment

27.4 Modelling of the OH process

27.5 Critical factors of OH processing

27.6 Sensitivity analysis of the continuous OH system

27.7 Conclusions

References

Chapter 28: Intelligent Identification System for Poultry Portion Sorting

28.1 Introduction

28.2 Automation in poultry processing

28.3 Intelligent poultry portion identification

28.4 Future possible applications

28.5 Conclusions

References

Index

End User License Agreement

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Guide

Cover

Table of Contents

Foreword

Section 1: Conventional Food Processing

Begin Reading

List of Illustrations

Figure 1.1

Figure 1.2

Figure 1.3

Figure 2.1

Figure 2.2

Figure 2.3

Figure 2.4

Figure 2.5

Figure 2.6

Figure 3.1

Figure 3.2

Figure 3.3

Figure 3.4

Figure 3.5

Figure 3.6

Figure 3.7

Figure 3.8

Figure 3.9

Figure 3.10

Figure 4.1

Figure 4.2

Figure 4.3

Figure 4.4

Figure 4.5

Figure 5.1

Figure 5.2

Figure 5.3

Figure 5.4

Figure 6.1

Figure 6.2

Figure 6.3

Figure 6.4

Figure 6.5

Figure 6.6

Figure 6.7

Figure 7.1

Figure 8.1

Figure 8.2

Figure 9.1

Figure 9.2

Figure 9.3

Figure 9.4

Figure 9.5

Figure 9.6

Figure 10.1

Figure 10.2

Figure 10.3

Figure 10.4

Figure 10.5

Figure 10.6

Figure 10.7

Figure 10.8

Figure 10.9

Figure 11.1

Figure 11.2

Figure 11.3

Figure 11.4

Figure 11.5

Figure 12.1

Figure 12.2

Figure 12.3

Figure 13.1

Figure 13.2

Figure 13.3

Figure 13.4

Figure 13.5

Figure 13.6

Figure 13.7

Figure 14.1

Figure 14.2

Figure 14.3

Figure 15.4

Figure 15.5

Figure 15.6

Figure 15.7

Figure 15.8

Figure 15.9

Figure 16.1

Figure 16.2

Figure 16.3

Figure 18.1

Figure 18.2

Figure 18.3

Figure 18.4

Figure 18.5

Figure 19.1

Figure 19.2

Figure 19.3

Figure 19.4

Figure 19.5

Figure 21.1

Figure 21.2

Figure 22.1

Figure 22.2

Figure 22.3

Figure 22.4

Figure 22.5

Figure 22.6

Figure 22.7

Figure 22.8

Figure 23.1

Figure 23.2

Figure 24.1

Figure 24.2

Figure 24.3

Figure 24.4

Figure 24.5

Figure 24.6

Figure 24.7

Figure 24.8

Figure 24.9

Figure 24.10

Figure 24.11

Figure 25.1

Figure 25.2

Figure 26.1

Figure 26.2

Figure 26.3

Figure 26.4

Figure 26.5

Figure 27.1

Figure 27.2

Figure 27.3

Figure 27.4

Figure 27.5

Figure 27.6

Figure 27.7

Figure 27.8

Figure 27.9

Figure 27.10

Figure 28.1

Figure 28.2

Figure 28.3

Figure 28.4

Figure 28.5

Figure 28.6

Figure 28.7

List of Tables

Table 1.1

Table 1.2

Table 1.3

Table 1.4

Table 2.1

Table 2.2

Table 2.3

Table 2.4

Table 3.1

Table 4.1

Table 5.1

Table 5.2

Table 5.3

Table 7.1

Table 7.2

Table 8.1

Table 8.2

Table 9.1

Table 10.1

Table 11.1

Table 11.2

Table 11.3

Table 12.1

Table 12.2

Table 12.3

Table 12.4

Table 12.5

Table 13.1

Table 13.2

Table 13.3

Table 13.4

Table 13.5

Table 13.6

Table 13.7

Table 13.8

Table 13.9

Table 14.1

Table 15.1

Table 15.2

Table 17.1

Table 18.1

Table 18.2

Table 19.1

Table 19.2

Table 19.3

Table 19.4

Table 19.5

Table 21.1

Table 21.2

Table 22.1

Table 22.2

Table 22.3

Table 22.4

Table 23.1

Table 24.1

Table 26.1

Table 26.2

Table 26.3

Table 26.4

Table 28.1

Table 28.2

Conventional and Advanced Food Processing Technologies

Edited by

Suvendu Bhattacharya, Ph.D.

Professor, AcSIR and Chief Scientist,

CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, India

This edition first published 2015 © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

Registered office: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK

Editorial offices: 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK

The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK

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All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher.

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Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author(s) have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. It is sold on the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services and neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for damages arising herefrom. If professional advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Conventional and advanced food processing technologies / edited by Suvendu Bhattacharya.

pages cm

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978-1-118-40632-8 (hardback)

1. Food industry and trade. I. Bhattacharya, Suvendu, editor.

TP370.C67 2014

664′.02— dc23

2014019555

Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books.

1 2015

Dedicated to

Mother

Jyotirmoyee Devi

Father

K.N. Bhattacharya

List of Contributors

Suvendu Bhattacharya

(Editor)

Food Engineering Department, CSIR–Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, India

Kemal Aganovic

German Institute of Food Technologies (DIL e.V.), Quakenbrueck, Germany

Lilia Ahrné

Process and Technology Development, SIK—The Swedish Institute for Food and Biotechnology, Göteborg, Sweden

Tesfaye Faye Bedane

Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, Italy

Debabrata Bera

Department of Food Technology, Techno India, Salt Lake City, Kolkata, India

Sila Bhattacharya

Grain Science and Technology Department, CSIR–Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, India

Teresa R.S. Brandão

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