Cutting-Edge Technology for Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage E-Book
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- Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
- Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
- Serie: Advances in Natural Gas Engineering
- Sprache: Englisch
Compiled from a conference on this important subject by three of the most well-known and respected editors in the industry, this volume provides some of the latest technologies related to carbon capture, utilization and, storage (CCUS). Of the 36 billon tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) being emitted into Earth's atmosphere every year, only 40 million tons are able to be captured and stored. This is just a fraction of what needs to be captured, if this technology is going to make any headway in the global march toward reversing, or at least reducing, climate change. CO2 capture and storage has long been touted as one of the leading technologies for reducing global carbon emissions, and, even though it is being used effectively now, it is still an emerging technology that is constantly changing. This volume, a collection of papers presented during the Cutting-Edge Technology for Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CETCCUS), held in Clermont-Ferrand, France in the fall of 2017, is dedicated to these technologies that surround CO2 capture. Written by some of the most well-known engineers and scientists in the world on this topic, the editors, also globally known, have chosen the most important and cutting-edge papers that address these issues to present in this groundbreaking new volume, which follows their industry-leading series, Advances in Natural Gas Engineering, a seven-volume series also available from Wiley-Scrivener. With the ratification of the Paris Agreement, many countries are now committing to making real progress toward reducing carbon emissions, and this technology is, as has been discussed for years, one of the most important technologies for doing that. This volume is a must-have for any engineer or scientist working in this field.
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Contents
Cover
Title page
Copyright page
Preface
Introduction
Part I: Carbon Capture and Storage
Chapter 1: Carbon Capture Storage Monitoring (“CCSM”)
1.1 Introduction
1.2 State of the Art Practice
1.3 Marmot’s CCSM Technology
1.4 Principles of Information Analysis
1.5 Operating Method
1.6 Instrumentation and Set up
Abbreviations
References
Chapter 2: Key Technologies of Carbon Dioxide Flooding and Storage in China
2.1 Background
2.2 Key Technologies of Carbon dioxide Flooding and Storage
2.3 Existing Problems and Technical Development Direction
Chapter 3: Mapping CCUS Technological Trajectories and Business Models: The Case of CO
2
-Dissolved
3.1 Introduction
3.2 CCS and Roadmaps: From Expectations to Reality …
3.3 CCS Project Portfolio: Between Diversity and Replication
3.4 Going Beyond EOR: Other Business Models for Storage?
3.5 Coupling CCS and Geothermal Energy: Lessons from the CO
2
-DISSOLVED Project Study
3.6 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 4: Feasibility of Ex-Situ Dissolution for Carbon Dioxide Sequestration
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Methods to Accelerate Dissolution
4.3 Discussion and Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Part II: EOR
Chapter 5: CO
2
Gas Injection as an EOR Technique – Phase Behavior Considerations
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Features of CO
2
5.3 Miscible CO
2
Drive
5.4 Immiscible CO
2
Drives and Density Effects
5.5 Asphaltene Precipitation Caused by Gas Injection
5.6 Gas Revaporization as EOR Technique
5.7 Conclusions
List of Symbols
References
Appendix A Reservoir Fluid Compositions and Key Property Data.
Chapter 6: Study on Storage Mechanisms in CO
2
Flooding for Water-Flooded Abandoned Reservoirs
6.1 Introduction
6.2 CO
2
Solubility in Coexistence of Crude Oil and Brine
6.3 Mineral Dissolution Effect
6.4 Relative Permeability Hysteresis
6.5 Effect of CO
2
Storage Mechanisms on CO
2
Flooding
6.6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 7: The Investigation on the Key Hydrocarbons of Crude Oil Swelling via Supercritical CO
2
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Hydrocarbon Selection
7.3 Experiment Section
7.4 Results and Discussion
7.5 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Nomenclature
References
Chapter 8: Pore-Scale Mechanisms of Enhanced Oil Recovery by CO
2
Injection in Low-Permeability Heterogeneous Reservoir
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Experimental Device and Samples
8.3 Experimental Procedure
8.4 Quantitative Analysis of Oil Recovery in Different Scale Pores
8.5 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Part III: Data – Experimental and Correlation
Chapter 9: Experimental Measurement of CO
2
Solubility in a 1 mol/kgw CaCl
2
Solution at Temperature from 323.15 to 423.15 K and Pressure up to 20 MPa
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Literature Review
9.3 Experimental Section
9.4 Results and Discussion
9.5 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 10: Determination of Dry-Ice Formation during the Depressurization of a CO
2
Re-Injection System
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Thermodynamics
10.3 Case Study
10.4 Conclusions
Chapter 11: Phase Equilibrium Properties Aspects of CO
2
and Acid Gases Transportation
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Experimental Work and Description of Experimental Setup
11.3 Models and Correlation Useful for the Determination of Equilibrium Properties
11.4 Presentation of Some Results
11.5 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 12: Thermodynamic Aspects for Acid Gas Removal from Natural Gas
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Thermodynamic Models
12.3 Results and Discussion
12.4 Conclusion and Perspectives
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 13: Speed of Sound Measurements for a CO
2
Rich Mixture
13.1 Experimental Section
13.2 Results and Discussion
13.3 Conclusion
References
Chapter 14: Mutual Solubility of Water and Natural Gas with Different CO
2
Content
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Experimental
14.3 Thermodynamic Model
14.4 Results and Discussion
14.5 Conclusion
Acknowledgement
References
Chapter 15: Effect of SO
2
Traces on Metal Mobilization in CCS
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Experimental
15.3 Results and Discussion
15.4 Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 16: Experiments and Modeling for CO
2
Capture Processes Understanding
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Chemicals and Materials
16.3 Vapor-Liquid Equilibria
16.4 Speciation at Equilibrium
Acknowledgment
References
Part IV: Molecular Simulation
Chapter 17: Kinetic Monte Carlo Molecular Simulation of Chemical Reaction Equilibria
References
Chapter 18: Molecular Simulation Study on the Diffusion Mechanism of Fluid in Nanopores of Illite in Shale Gas Reservoir
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Models and Simulation Details
18.3 Results and Discussion
18.4 Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 19: Molecular Simulation of Reactive Absorption of CO
2
in Aqueous Alkanolamine Solutions
References
Part V: Processes
Chapter 20: CO
2
Capture from Natural Gas in LNG Production. Comparison of Low-Temperature Purification Processes and Conventional Amine Scrubbing
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Description of Process Solutions
20.3 Methods
20.4 Results and Discussion
20.5 Conclusions
Nomenclature
References
Chapter 21: CO
2
Capture Using Deep Eutectic Solvent and Amine (MEA) Solution
21.1 Experimental Section
21.2 Results and Discussion
21.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 22: The Impact of Thermodynamic Model Accuracy on Sizing and Operating CCS Purification and Compression Units
22.1 Introduction
22.2 Thermodynamic Systems in CCUS Technologies
22.3 Operating Conditions of Purification and Compression Units
22.4 Quality Specifications of CO
2
Capture Flows
22.5 Cubic Equations of State for CCUS Fluids
22.6 Influence of EoS Accuracy on Purification and Compression Processes
22.7 Purification by Liquefaction
22.8 Purification by Stripping
22.9 Compression
22.10 Conclusions
Nomenclature and Acronyms
References
Index
End User License Agreement
Guide
Cover
Copyright
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Advances in Solar Cell Materials and Storage
Series Editors: Nurdan Demirci Sankir and Mehmet Sankir
Scope: Because the use of solar energy as a primary source of energy will exponentially increase for the foreseeable future, this new series on Advances in Solar Cell Materials and Storage will focus on new and novel solar cell materials and their application for storage. The scope of this series deals with the solution-based manufacturing methods, nanomaterials, organic solar cells, flexible solar cells, batteries and supercapacitors for solar energy storage, and solar cells for space.
Submission to the series: Please submit book proposals to Nurdan Sankir at [email protected]
Publishers at Scrivener Martin Scrivener ([email protected]) Phillip Carmical ([email protected])
Cutting-Edge Technology for Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage
Karine Ballerat-Busserolles
Ying (Alice) Wu
John J. Carroll
This edition first published 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA and Scrivener Publishing LLC, 100 Cummings Center, Suite 541J, Beverly, MA 01915, USA © 2018 Scrivener Publishing LLC For more information about Scrivener publications please visit www.scrivenerpublishing.com.
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
ISBN 978-1-119-36348-4
Preface
With the ratification of the Paris Agreement, we are now committing ourselves to achieving a temperature target of below 2°C, which represents a significant mitigation challenge. Going below 1.5 °C increases immensely this mitigation challenge. CCS has been identified as a key mitigation technology option and the IPCC 5th Assessment report showed that the least cost mitigation portfolio needs to include CCS. Unfortunately CCS has not been deployed as quickly as expected: the current global CO2 capture and storage capacity is only 40 million tons per year, which is a tiny fraction of the 36 billion tons per year of CO2 emitted around the globe. Nevertheless, important demonstration projects are emerging such as Boundary Dam & Quest projects in Canada and Petranova project in Texas. In Norway, three projects have also been preselected for a demonstrator to be launched in 2022.
The application of CCS to industrial sectors other than power (e.g., steel, cement, refining) is expected to deliver half of the global emissions reduction from CCS by 2050. In the near future, these industrial applications will open up, especially in Europe; there will be new opportunities and avenues for CCS that can accelerate its deployment. For these process industries, no possible alternatives for CO2 mitigation exist that could be new energies for fossil fuels.
In North America, Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) is the main application considered as it allows CO2 valorization. EOR contributes also to GHG mitigation as 40 to 50 % of the injected CO2 remains stored. At the end of the oil production, it is also possible to continue CO2 injection to store it in the depleted reservoirs. CO2-EOR has been used for over 40 years, particularly in West Texas and New Mexico.
In Europe and China CO2 EOR will also be considered but it has to be deployed, and storage in deep saline aquifers might also play an important role when a CCS business model exists, which needs to have legislation more operative, a real incentive to finance the first CCS demonstrators, and finally a CO2 price higher than 50 €/t and not at 5 €/t as today.
CO2 Utilization may also be considered for specific applications but it will not play an important role.
A lot of research efforts have still to be made to develop the affordable technologies allowing generalization of CO2 capture facilities throughout the world. Amine processes have been used since 1920 in order to decarbonize natural gas but progress has to be made in reducing CO2 capture cost, which represents 85% of the CCS final cost.
This book contains the papers presented during the CETCCUS conference which was hosted by ICCF in Clermont-Ferrand from 25th to 27th September 2017. This conference was dedicated to CO2 Capture Utilization and Storage technologies.
We hope that it will enable as many people as possible to have a better understanding of the mechanisms involved as well as the technological and economic challenges still to be taken up to deploy CCUS technologies around the globe.
Paul Broutin CO2 Capture Manager IFP Energies nouvelles Solaize, France
Introduction
A conference with the name Cutting Edge Technology for Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CETCCUS) was held in Clermont-Ferrand, France, in September 2017. The conference attract both academic, industry, and government representatives to discuss the latest technology related to carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS).
Presenters came from France, Spain, Switzerland, Italy, Denmark, the United Kingdom, Canada and China with co-authors from several other countries, showing the worldwide interest in this topic. This book is a collection of the papers presented at the conference.
The tone for the meeting was set by our keynote speaker M. Paul Broutin and his comments are briefly summarized in the preface to this volume.
Many excellent papers were presented that included new relevant experimental data, models for the data, molecular simulations, new processes for removing carbon dioxide from gas streams, and discussion of enhanced oil recovery (EOR), which is still the main method for utilization of CO2. This book is a collection of the papers from the conference. We believe these papers shows the quality of the research in this field.
We were pleased to have had several students present at the conference. And we would like to note Ms. Marie Poulain (Chapter 9) who was awarded the ProSim Prize for Best Student Paper.
Finally, we would like to thank our sponsors: Axelera, Gas Liquids Engineering. ProSim, Swagelok, Club CO2, Société française de physique, Société Chimique de France, The National Center for Scientific Research, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand Chemistry Institute, Auvergne Rhône Alpes Region, and The City of Clermont-Ferrand.
K.B., J.J.C., & Y.W. September 2017
