Feline Diagnostic Imaging E-Book
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- Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
- Kategorie: Fachliteratur
- Sprache: Englisch
This book offers a comprehensive resource for imaging the feline patient, with an emphasis on the unique considerations of imaging cats. It focuses on radiology and ultrasound, with some coverage of advanced imaging such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Incorporating more than 1750 high-quality images, it is an invaluable reference for any veterinary practitioner with a significant feline caseload.
Feline Diagnostic Imaging begins with information on the radiographic evaluation of the thorax, abdomen, and musculoskeletal structures, including normal anatomy and pathology, followed by a review of common echocardiographic and abdominal ultrasound findings and abnormalities. Advanced imaging of the skull using computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging cases of brain and spinal disease are also included. The book:
- Provides imaging information specifically tailored to the particular needs of cats
- Emphasizes the modalities most commonly used in general practice, with some discussion of advanced imaging
- Gives a complete overview of diagnostic imaging for the feline patients
- Includes tips and tricks for the unique considerations of working with cats
- Presents essential information for any practitioner treating feline patients
Offering a feline focus not found in other imaging books, Feline Diagnostic Imaging is an essential purchase for veterinarians wishing to improve their diagnostic imaging skills in cats. It’s also an excellent guide for veterinary radiologists, and veterinary students and residents.
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Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2020
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Table of Contents
Cover
List of Contributors
Preface
Section 1: Advanced Imaging Techniques
1 Digital Radiography
1.1 Introduction to Digital Radiography
1.2 Digital Image File
1.3 Digital Radiographic Hardware
1.4 Review Monitors (Image Display)
1.5 Comparison of Digital Versus Analog Imaging
1.6 Image Storage
References
2 Principles of Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Cross‐sectional Imaging General Concepts
2.3 Computed Tomography
2.4 Magnetic Resonance Imaging
References
3 Ultrasound: Physical Principles of Ultrasound Imaging
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Ultrasound Waves
3.3 Sound–Tissue Interactions
3.4 Transducers
3.5 Image Display
3.6 Doppler Principles
3.7 Doppler Modes
3.8 Artifacts
3.9 Summary
References
4 Nuclear Imaging
4.1 Nuclear Imaging
4.2 Thyroid Scintigraphy
4.3 Renal Scintigraphy
4.4 Portosystemic Shunt Detection Scintigraphy
4.5 Other Feline Scintigraphic Procedures
References
Section 2: Imaging the Neurologic System
5 Diagnostic Imaging of Diseases of the Skull
5.1 Diseases of the Feline Skull
References
6 Imaging the Feline Neurologic System
6.1 Imaging the Feline Neurologic System
6.2 Diseases of the Feline Brain
6.3 Diseases of the Feline Spine
References
7 Normal Cross‐sectional Anatomy of the Eye and Orbit
7.1 Ultrasonography
7.2 Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging
References
8 Diseases of the Eye
8.1 Cornea
8.2 Inflammatory and Neoplastic Diseases Affecting the Anterior Segment
8.3 Lens
8.4 Vitreous
8.5 Orbit
References
Section 3: Imaging the Thorax
9 Normal Radiographic Anatomy
9.1 Lungs
9.2 Thoracic Wall
9.3 Diaphragm
9.4 Mediastinum
9.5 Thoracic Lymph Nodes
9.6 Thymus
9.7 Trachea
9.8 Pleural Space
9.9 Heart
9.10 Pulmonary Parenchyma
9.11 Normal Vascular Anatomy
References
10 Normal Cardiovascular Imaging
10.1 Normal Thoracic Radiographs
10.2 Scanning Tips
10.3 Right Parasternal Short Axis Views
10.4 Right Parasternal Long Axis Views
10.5 M‐Mode
10.6 Left Parasternal Long Axis View
10.7 Doppler
References
11 Advanced Imaging Modalities
11.1 Noncardiac Thoracic Ultrasound
11.2 Normal Anatomy
11.3 Computed Tomography of the Feline Thorax
11.4 Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Feline Thorax
References
12 Congenital Heart Disease
12.1 Tricuspid and Mitral Dysplasia
12.2 Ventricular Septal Defect
12.3 Atrial Septal Defect
12.4 Atrioventricular Septal Defect
12.5 Patent Ductus Arteriosus
12.6 Pulmonic Stenosis
12.7 Tetralogy of Fallot
References
13 Acquired Heart Disease
13.1 Thoracic Radiographs for Cardiovascular Disease
13.2 Echocardiograms
13.3 Use of Biomarkers in Cardiac Disease
13.4 Hyperthyroidism
13.5 Systemic Hypertension
13.6 Volume Depletion/Volume Overload
13.7 Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
13.8 Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy, Asymmetric Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
13.9 Restrictive Cardiomyopathy (Figure 13.25)
13.10 Dilated Cardiomyopathy (Figure 13.26)
13.11 Unclassified (Figure 13.27)
13.12 Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy (Figure 13.28)
13.13 End‐Stage Heart Failure (Figures 13.29–13.31)
13.14 Arteriothromboembolism (Figures 13.32–13.35)
13.15 Right Heart Compromise Secondary to Pericardial Effusion/Pleural Effusion (Figures 13.38–13.42)
13.16 Endocarditis (Figure 13.43)
13.17 Neoplasia (Figure 13.44)
13.18 Heartworm Disease (Figure 13.45)
13.19 Right Ventricular Outflow Obstruction (Figure 13.46)
References
14 Feline Pulmonary Disease
14.1 Patterns of Disease
14.2 Vascular Disease
14.3 Pulmonary Neoplasia
14.4 Bronchial Disease
14.5 Pulmonary Edema
14.6 Pneumonia
14.7 Pulmonary Fibrosis
14.8 Lung Lobe Torsion
References
15 Thoracic Cavity
15.1 Thoracic Cavity
15.2 Diseases of the Sternum
References
16 Trachea
16.1 Trauma
16.2 Tracheal Collapse
16.3 Tracheal Foreign Bodies
16.4 Tracheal Neoplasia
References
17 Mediastinal Disease
17.1 Mediastinal Shift
17.2 Mediastinal Masses
17.3 Pneumomediastinum
References
18 Pleura
18.1 Pleural Effusion
18.2 Fibrosing Pleuritis
18.3 Pneumothorax
References
19 Diaphragm
19.1 Normal Appearance
19.2 Traumatic Diaphragmatic Hernia
19.3 Peritoneopericardial Diaphragmatic Hernia
(
PPDH
)
19.4 Hiatal Hernia
References
20 Thorax
20.1 Ultrasound‐Guided Biopsy/Aspiration
20.2 Selected Procedures
20.3 Computed Tomography‐Guided Biopsy
References
Section 4: Imaging the Abdomen
21 Normal Gastrointestinal Anatomy
21.1 Normal Radiographic Anatomy
21.2 Contrast Radiography
21.3 Ultrasonography of the Gastrointestinal Tract
21.4 Interventional Techniques
References
22 Gastrointestinal Disease
22.1 Esophageal Disorders
22.2 Esophageal Masses
22.3 Gastric Disorders
22.4 Small Intestinal Disorders
22.5 Large Intestinal Disorders
22.6 Interventional Procedures
References
23 Liver
23.1 Normal Radiographic Appearance of the Feline Liver
23.2 Hepatomegaly
23.3 Hepatic Opacity
23.4 Contrast Radiography: Portography
23.5 Hepatic Ultrasound
23.6 Abnormal Appearance of the Feline Liver
23.7 Disease of the Biliary System
23.8 Vascular Disease
References
24 Pancreas
24.1 Pancreatic Anatomy
24.2 Normal Radiographic Appearance
24.3 Ultrasound Scanning Tips
24.4 Normal Sonographic Appearance
24.5 Extrahepatic Biliary Obstruction
(
EBO
)
24.6 Diseases of the Pancreas
References
25 Adrenal Gland
25.1 Adrenal Gland Anatomy
25.2 Normal Radiographic Appearance
25.3 Ultrasound Scanning Tips
25.4 Normal Ultrasound Appearance
25.5 Adrenal Gland Diseases
25.6 Hyperaldosteronism or Conn Disease
25.7 Hypoadrenocorticism or Addison's Disease
25.8 Neoplasia
25.9 Chronic Disease
25.10 Hyperthyroidism
References
26 Normal Urinary System
26.1 Normal Radiographic Anatomy
26.2 Contrast Radiography
26.3 Ultrasonography
26.4 Nuclear Scintigraphy
26.5 Computed Tomography
(
CT
)
References
27 Urinary Disease
27.1 The Feline Kidneys
27.2 Ureters
27.3 Ureteral Strictures
27.4 Bladder
27.5 Urethra
References
28 Reproduction
28.1 Radiographic Anatomy of the Female Cat
28.2 Ultrasonography of the Female Cat
28.3 Pregnancy
28.4 Radiography of the Male Cat
28.5 Ultrasonography of the Male Cat
28.6 Diseases of the Female Reproductive System
28.7 Diseases of the Male Reproductive System
References
29 Hemolymphatic System
29.1 Normal Thoracic Lymph Nodes
29.2 Normal Abdominal Lymph Nodes
29.3 Normal Spleen
29.4 The Many Faces of Lymphoma
29.5 Diseases of the Spleen
29.6 Other Diseases of Lymph Nodes and Lymphatics
29.7 Additional Imaging Techniques
References
30 Peritoneal Cavity
30.1 Normal Anatomy
30.2 Normal Radiographic Appearance
30.3 Normal Ultrasonographic Appearance
30.4 Alternate Modalities
30.5 Herniation
References
Section 5: Imaging the Musculoskeletal System
31 Body Wall
31.1 Body Wall Trauma
31.2 Diseases Affecting the Ribs
31.3 Soft Tissue Neoplasia of the Body Wall
References
32 Overview of the Musculoskeletal System
32.1 Juvenile Bone Disease
32.2 Acquired Bone Disease
32.3 Joint Disease
References
Index
End User License Agreement
List of Tables
Chapter 2
Table 2.1 Hounsfield units of various biological tissue and their appropriate...
Table 2.2 Various body parts and typical window and level for their display
Table 2.3 Estimates of various T1 and T2 time for various biological tissues
Table 2.4 Different TR and TE sequences at a 1.5 T magnet
Chapter 3
Table 3.1 Speed of sound, impedance, and density of various biological tissue...
Table 3.2 Variation of the maximal penetration based on frequency
List of Illustrations
Chapter 1
Figure 1.1 Lateral thoracic radiograph of a mature feline patient. The DICOM...
Figure 1.2 Lateral radiograph of a feline patient showing a changing matrix ...
Figure 1.3 CR system. The CR cassette containing the
photostimulable phospho
...
Figure 1.4 Direct flat‐panel DR system. The DR plate in this case is wireles...
Figure 1.5 Radiology viewing station. There are two flat‐panel 21 in. gray‐s...
Figure 1.6 Diagram illustrating the principle of exposure latitude. In both ...
Figure 1.7 Digital radiograph of an anatomy skull showing exposure variation...
Figure 1.8 Components of a PACS system. Images in DICOM format are transferr...
Chapter 2
Figure 2.1 A voxel (a) is a three‐dimensional volume element containing the ...
Figure 2.2 Image from the operator’s console into the CT room showing the ga...
Figure 2.3 (a) Sequential scanning involves rotation of the tube followed by...
Figure 2.4 Multiplanar reformatting with CT. The raw data acquired by the CT...
Figure 2.5 Image reconstruction algorithm. Figures (a) and (b) show the use ...
Figure 2.6 Tissue attenuation is represented as
Hounsfield units
(
HU
) or CT ...
Figure 2.7
Window width
(
WW
) and
level
(
L
) adjustments. The human eye has li...
Figure 2.8 Intravenous injection of iodinated contrast medium increases cont...
Figure 2.9 (a) T1 recovery curve. T1 recovery is caused by hydrogen nuclei g...
Figure 2.10 T2* gradient echo sequences are sensitive to magnetic susceptibi...
Figure 2.11 Different image sequences. (a) T1‐weighted image:
cerebrospinal
...
Figure 2.12 Spatial resolution is impacted by voxel size. By adjusting the s...
Figure 2.13 T1‐weighted images of a feline patient in three planes: (a) tran...
Chapter 3
Figure 3.1 Ultrasound is depicted as a sine wave. A sound travels through a ...
Figure 3.2 Wavelength is the length of space one wave cycle occupies. This i...
Figure 3.3 (a) Image of a liver with a macroconvex array transducer. This tr...
Figure 3.4 M‐mode image depicting movement of the left ventricle. At the top...
Figure 3.5 This is an image of a liver without spatial compounding (a) and w...
Figure 3.6 (a) Duplex pulsed wave Doppler interrogation of the aorta. In the...
Figure 3.7 (a) Acoustic shadowing when the ultrasound beam encounters a high...
Chapter 4
Figure 4.1 A gamma camera set up for veterinary imaging. The rectangular sci...
Figure 4.2 Ventral thyroid image made 20 minutes after injection of pertechn...
Figure 4.3 Another cat with unilateral left thyroid disease. Hyperfunctionin...
Figure 4.4 Bilateral, relatively symmetric hyperfunctioning thyroid lobes.
Figure 4.5 Early bilateral asymmetric disease. The left lobe is more intense...
Figure 4.6 Bilateral asymmetric disease with larger, more intense left lobe....
Figure 4.7 Abnormal right lobe and second large region of uptake extending c...
Figure 4.8 (a) Multiple, large foci of hyperactive thyroid tissue extending ...
Figure 4.9 (a) Hyperfunctioning right thyroid lobe and ectopic site at the t...
Figure 4.10 A series of dynamic acquisition frames acquired just after injec...
Figure 4.11 Summed image of dynamic acquisition frames showing regions of in...
Figure 4.12 Report generated from scintigraphic renal procedure to determine...
Chapter 5
Figure 5.1 Standard feline skull radiographic examination. Closed‐mouth vent...
Figure 5.2 Examples of special radiographic images to evaluate specific area...
Figure 5.3 Open‐mouth ventrodorsal radiograph of a geriatric cat under anest...
Figure 5.4 Radiographs (a), computed tomography (b), and magnetic resonance ...
Figure 5.5 Intraoral radiographic series of normal feline dentition. The top...
Figure 5.6 Feline tooth resorption. (a) Type I tooth resorption affects the ...
Figure 5.7 Examples of feline periodontal disease. Vertical periodontal dise...
Figure 5.8 Intraoral mandibular radiographs of a cat with squamous cell carc...
Figure 5.9 Mandibular squamous cell carcinoma (
arrows
) in two different cats...
Figure 5.10 Other neoplasms of the oral cavity. (a) Osteoma. This radiograph...
Figure 5.11 (a,b) Rhinitis can be seen on radiographs, particularly on a wel...
Figure 5.12 Nasal lymphoma. (a) Transverse bone window, (b) transverse soft ...
Figure 5.13 Nasal adenocarcinoma diagnosed with CT. (a–c) Postcontrast, soft...
Figure 5.14 Nasal adenocarcinomas diagnosed with MRI commonly present with n...
Figure 5.15 (a) The normal nasopharynx (
arrows
) should be seen as a uniform ...
Figure 5.16 CT images in a postcontrast soft tissue window. (a) Transverse, ...
Figure 5.17 Transverse MR images from a 2‐year‐old cat presenting with acute...
Figure 5.18 Nasopharyngeal stenosis. (a) Lateral radiograph of a cat with fo...
Figure 5.19 Radiography of otitis. (a) Otitis interna is uncommonly diagnose...
Figure 5.20 Chronic otitis media can be seen with radiographs and CT due to ...
Figure 5.21 Unilateral otitis media in radiographs (a,b) and MRI (c,d). (a) ...
Figure 5.22 Aural neoplasia appearance in CT (a–d) and MR (e–h) images. (a) ...
Figure 5.23 Radiography of skull fractures. Fractures of superficial osseous...
Figure 5.24 Cross‐sectional images of skull fractures. Most commonly CT is u...
Chapter 6
Figure 6.1 Transverse CT images of two feline patients without (a,b) and wit...
Figure 6.2 Spatial resolution issues are a challenge with feline spinal MRI ...
Figure 6.3 Sagittal ultrasound image of a 1‐month‐old male domestic longhair...
Figure 6.4 Multiplanar MR images from a 10‐year‐old domestic shorthair with ...
Figure 6.5 Meningiomas (
arrows
) affecting the tela choroidea can sometimes b...
Figure 6.6 Contrast‐enhanced CT transverse soft tissue and bone window (a,b)...
Figure 6.7 A 15‐year‐old domestic shorthair presenting with exophthalmia. T2...
Figure 6.8 An 11‐year‐old domestic longhair with a pituitary macroadenoma di...
Figure 6.9 Two cats with acromegaly. One cat was diagnosed with MRI. (a) T2*...
Figure 6.10 Multiplanar low field MR images of an invading nasal adenocarcin...
Figure 6.11 A 13‐year‐old Siamese presented for dull mentation and mass on h...
Figure 6.12 A 2‐year‐old domestic shorthair with progressive dull mentation ...
Figure 6.13 MR appearance of toxoplasma meningoencephalitis in an 11‐year‐ol...
Figure 6.14
Cryptococcus
encephalitis is characterized by ill‐defined parenc...
Figure 6.15
Cuterebra
meningoencephalitis in a 2‐year‐old domestic shorthair...
Figure 6.16 MRI images of an 8‐year‐old domestic shorthair with meningitis s...
Figure 6.17 MR appearance of a nonhemorrhagic cerebellar infarct. (a) T2W sa...
Figure 6.18 T2W transverse image at the level of the thalamus, where bilater...
Figure 6.19 A 4‐year‐old domestic shorthair presented unable to walk after b...
Figure 6.20 Multicentric lymphoma in a 15‐year‐old domestic shorthair presen...
Figure 6.21 A 15‐year‐old domestic shorthair presented with progressive righ...
Figure 6.22 A 13‐year‐old Siamese presenting with progressive T2–L3 myelopat...
Figure 6.23 Multiplanar MR images of a 11‐year‐old cat diagnosed with an int...
Figure 6.24 Lateral radiograph of the lumbar spine (a) and T2W sagittal (b) ...
Figure 6.25 An 8‐year‐old Himalayan presented for neck pain caused by a mass...
Figure 6.26 MR appearance of spinal
feline infectious peritonitis
(
FIP
) in a...
Figure 6.27 A 7‐year‐old domestic shorthair presented for rear limb ataxia a...
Figure 6.28 MR appearance of chronic versus acute intervertebral disc hernia...
Figure 6.29 An 8‐year‐old domestic longhair presented for acute paraparesis ...
Figure 6.30 A 17‐year‐old domestic shorthair presented for acute nonambulato...
Figure 6.31 MR appearance of focal bilateral cervical ischemic myelopathy in...
Figure 6.32 (a–d) A 7‐month‐old cat with progressive decline to tetraplegia ...
Figure 6.33 Two Manx cats with varying degrees of caudal vertebral malformat...
Figure 6.34 A 7‐year‐old domestic shorthair presented for reluctance to jump...
Chapter 7
Figure 7.1 B‐scan ultrasound showing a transcorneal (axial) approach in a ca...
Figure 7.2
Ultrasound biomicroscopic
(
UBM
) examination technique in a cat (
l
...
Figure 7.3 Illustration of axial sagittal image planes of the eye and orbit....
Figure 7.4 Illustration of axial dorsal image planes of the eye and orbit. A...
Figure 7.5 Schematic illustration of the normal anatomic features of the eye...
Figure 7.6 Normal feline ocular globe. (
Bottom
) Schematic drawing of the nor...
Figure 7.7 Normal feline ocular globe. On A‐mode four echo spikes correspond...
Figure 7.8 Normal feline ocular globe: B‐mode/A‐scan. A‐scan is displayed on...
Figure 7.9 (
Left
) Schematic illustration of the normal feline anterior segme...
Figure 7.10 Normal cornea anatomy. Ultrasound biomicroscopy image of the cen...
Figure 7.11 Normal anterior chamber B‐mode using a 35 MHz transducer. The an...
Figure 7.12 Normal lens. (
Top left
) Schematic drawing showing the location o...
Figure 7.13 Normal iris. (
Left
) Schematic drawing showing the relationship b...
Figure 7.14 Normal ciliary body. Ultrasound biomicroscopy 50 MHz images demo...
Figure 7.15 Normal
iridocorneal angle
. Ultrasound biomicroscopy image illust...
Figure 7.16 Normal orbit. Longitudinal B‐scan technique for evaluation of re...
Figure 7.17 Transverse plane CT image of a normal feline eye and orbit. CT a...
Figure 7.18 Dorsal plane CT image of a normal feline eye and orbit. The retr...
Figure 7.19 Three‐dimensional reconstructed CT image of the skull of a norma...
Figure 7.20 The appearance of the normal cat globe and orbit on a T1W MRI im...
Figure 7.21 T2W image (transverse plane) showing the characteristic bright s...
Chapter 8
Figure 8.1 B‐scan of the three major types of abnormal echo sources. (a) Poi...
Figure 8.2 B‐ and A‐scans of point‐like and band‐like lesions. Axial vertica...
Figure 8.3 (a) Clinical picture of a corneal sequestrum (
amber oval area
) as...
Figure 8.4 Calcic corneal degeneration in a cat. Schematic illustration (
lef
...
Figure 8.5 (a) UBM (50 MHz) image of the anterior chamber in a cat with ante...
Figure 8.6 Anterior uveitis in a cat, axial B‐scan. Inflammatory debris asso...
Figure 8.7 Chronic uveitis, anterior synechia. (a) Schematic illustration sh...
Figure 8.8 Anterior uveal neoplasia. (a) Clinical picture of a cat with diff...
Figure 8.9 (a) Schematic illustration of the normal anatomic features of the...
Figure 8.10 (a) Ultrasound B‐scan, anterior cortical cataract. The lens has ...
Figure 8.11 (a,b) Rupture of the anterior lens capsule. (a) Schematic illust...
Figure 8.12 (a,b) Chronic vitreal posttraumatic hemorrhage. (a) Schematic il...
Figure 8.13 Retinal detachment. (a) Fundoscopy picture in a cat with systemi...
Figure 8.14 Retinal detachment. (a) Total retinal detachment in a cat. The r...
Figure 8.15 Ultrasonographic image (B‐scan 10 MHz) showing panuveitis in a c...
Figure 8.16 Penetrating ocular and orbital trauma. (a) Clinical picture of a...
Figure 8.17 Retrobulbar neoplasia. (a) Fundoscopy picture of a cat showing r...
Figure 8.18 Three‐dimensional reconstructed CT image of the skull of a cat w...
Figure 8.19 Orbital lymphoma. CT image. There is a large increase in soft ti...
Figure 8.20 Orbital lymphoma. (a) Clinical picture showing severe chemosis, ...
Figure 8.21 Retrobulbar lymphoma. CT image of the same patient depicted in F...
Figure 8.22 Nasal lymphoma. CT image. Increased soft tissue opacity fills bo...
Figure 8.23 Oral fibrosarcoma with orbital involvement. CT image. Computed t...
Chapter 9
Figure 9.1 Lateral thoracic radiograph of a normal cat. The lungs extend fro...
Figure 9.2 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) thoracic radiographs of an adult...
Figure 9.3 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) thoracic radiographs of a normal...
Figure 9.4 Right lateral (a) and left lateral (b) thoracic radiographs of a ...
Figure 9.5 Ventrodorsal thoracic image of a normal adult cat. The caudoventr...
Figure 9.6 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) thoracic images of a normal adul...
Figure 9.7 Ventrodorsal image of the thorax of a cat with a mediastinal shif...
Figure 9.8 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) thoracic images of a normal adul...
Figure 9.9 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) thoracic images of a geriatric c...
Figure 9.10 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) thoracic images of a normal cat...
Chapter 10
Figure 10.1 A 14‐year‐old domestic shorthair presented for lameness of left ...
Figure 10.2 A 6‐year‐old Maine Coon presented for seizures. Radiographs of t...
Figure 10.3 A 6‐year‐old Ragdoll presented for a work‐up for a heart murmur....
Figure 10.4 Image showing hand position for scanning a standing or sitting c...
Figure 10.5 Image showing hand position for scanning a cat in right lateral ...
Figure 10.6 A right parasternal short axis view at the level of the papillar...
Figure 10.7 A right parasternal short axis view at the level of the mitral v...
Figure 10.8 A right parasternal short axis view at the heart base. The aorta...
Figure 10.9 Image showing hand position while a cat is standing or sitting t...
Figure 10.10 Image showing hand position while a cat is in right lateral rec...
Figure 10.11 A right parasternal short axis view is found by tipping the pro...
Figure 10.12 A right parasternal long axis four‐chamber view centered on the...
Figure 10.13 A right parasternal long axis four‐chamber view showing measure...
Figure 10.14 A right parasternal long axis five‐chamber view shows the right...
Figure 10.15 In this image of the right and left ventricle (LV), from a righ...
Figure 10.16 Image of the right and left ventricular (LV) chamber from a rig...
Figure 10.17 Image of the right (RV) and left ventricle (LV) from a right pa...
Figure 10.18 Image of the right (RV) and left ventricle (LV) from a right pa...
Figure 10.19 Image in the near field is the 2D image of the right and left v...
Figure 10.20 Image in the near field is the 2D image of the aorta and left a...
Figure 10.21 A right parasternal long axis four‐chamber view showing measure...
Figure 10.22 A right parasternal long axis view of the left atrium (LA) and ...
Figure 10.23 The image shows a right parasternal long axis four‐chamber view...
Figure 10.24 A right parasternal short axis view of the right and left ventr...
Figure 10.25 Image of hand position for scanning the left parasternal long a...
Figure 10.26 A left parasternal long axis view highlighting the left ventric...
Figure 10.27 A left ventricular long axis view of the left atrium (LA), left...
Figure 10.28 An image highlighting the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT)...
Figure 10.29 By moving slightly more cranial to the view pictured in Figure ...
Figure 10.30 Image showing hand position to obtain left parasternal long axi...
Figure 10.31 Imaging showing hand position to obtain left parasternal long a...
Figure 10.32 The 2D image is made from the right parasternal short axis view...
Figure 10.33 Color Doppler from a right parasternal short axis view at the h...
Figure 10.34 Color Doppler image from a left parasternal long axis view show...
Figure 10.35 Color Doppler image from a left parasternal long axis view show...
Figure 10.36 Image of the right ventricle (RV) and right atrium (RA) shows n...
Figure 10.37 Pulsed‐wave Doppler image of the pulmonic valve obtained from a...
Figure 10.38 Pulsed‐wave Doppler image of the mitral valve shows normal biph...
Figure 10.39 Pulsed‐wave Doppler image of the mitral valve when the heart ra...
Figure 10.40 Pulsed‐wave Doppler image of the tricuspid valve shows biphasic...
Figure 10.41 Pulsed‐wave Doppler image of the aortic valve is made from a le...
Figure 10.42 Pulsed‐wave Doppler image in the left ventricular outflow tract...
Chapter 11
Figure 11.1 Longitudinal ultrasound image of the normal thorax. The transduc...
Figure 11.2 (a) Longitudinal image of the normal cranial mediastinum (cr ms)...
Figure 11.3 Longitudinal ultrasound image of the liver. The diaphragm is rep...
Figure 11.4 Longitudinal ultrasound image of the caudal thorax. The heart is...
Figure 11.5 Longitudinal ultrasound image of the caudal thorax. Bilateral pl...
Figure 11.6 Longitudinal ultrasound image of the cranial thorax. Bilateral p...
Figure 11.7 Longitudinal ultrasound image of the thorax in a cat presented f...
Figure 11.8 Longitudinal ultrasound image of the cranial thorax of a cat. A ...
Figure 11.9 Longitudinal ultrasound image of the lung in a cat with diffuse ...
Figure 11.10 (a) Longitudinal ultrasound image of the lung in a cat with ple...
Figure 11.11 (a) Longitudinal ultrasound image of a cat presented for respir...
Figure 11.12 Longitudinal ultrasound image of the lung periphery in a cat wi...
Figure 11.13 (a) Transverse CT image (postcontrast) of the cranial thorax of...
Figure 11.14 (a,b) Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) thoracic images of a cat...
Figure 11.15 Transverse (a), dorsal reconstruction (b), and sagittal reconst...
Figure 11.16 (a,b) Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) thoracic images of a cat...
Figure 11.17 Transverse CT image (postcontrast) through the midthorax. A mod...
Figure 11.18 Transverse CT image (postcontrast) demonstrating bilateral pneu...
Chapter 12
Figure 12.1 A 2‐year‐old Bengal presented for abdominal distension, decrease...
Figure 12.2 A 6‐year‐old cat was presented following an episode of heart fai...
Figure 12.3 On the lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) radiographic images of t...
Figure 12.4 A 1‐year‐old Persian presented for increased respiratory effort ...
Figure 12.5 A 2.5‐year‐old male domestic longhair presented for increased re...
Figure 12.6 A 6‐year‐old male Sphinx cat presented for heart disease. Thorac...
Figure 12.7 A 9‐year‐old domestic longhair cat presented for a fibrosarcoma ...
Figure 12.8 A 7‐month‐old domestic shorthair presented for a murmur. No radi...
Figure 12.9 A young adult cat presented for increased respiratory effort. (a...
Figure 12.10 An 8‐month‐old male domestic longhair kitten presented for atax...
Chapter 13
Figure 13.1 Two radiographic projections of the thorax of a 5‐year‐old
domes
...
Figure 13.2 A 14‐year‐old DSH presented for irregular heart beat and urinati...
Figure 13.3 The ascending aorta and proximal descending aorta are widened co...
Figure 13.4 Right parasternal longitudinal axis view depicting the relations...
Figure 13.5 On color Doppler (a), when the pulmonic valve is closed, the red...
Figure 13.6 Normal continuous‐wave Doppler flow through an open mitral valve...
Figure 13.7 Color Doppler at the mitral valve, when the valve is closed, sho...
Figure 13.8 On continuous‐wave Doppler at the aortic valve, normal laminar f...
Figure 13.9 Color Doppler at the left ventricular outflow tract shows yellow...
Figure 13.10 A 12‐year‐old DSH cat recently diagnosed with hyperthyroidism p...
Figure 13.11 A 15‐year‐old DSH presented for dyspnea after being managed med...
Figure 13.12 A 10‐year‐old Maine Coon presented for treatment for hyperthyro...
Figure 13.13 A 19‐year‐old DSH presented with chronic renal disease, systemi...
Figure 13.14 An 11‐year‐old DSH presented for nasal discharge. On the latera...
Figure 13.15 A 14‐year‐old
domestic longhair
(
DLH
) presented with a heart mu...
Figure 13.16 A 12‐year‐old DLH presented for disorientation and elevated res...
Figure 13.17 A 4.5‐year‐old DSH presented for decreased appetite and abdomin...
Figure 13.18 A 9‐year‐old Devon Rex presented for rear limb paresis. Initial...
Figure 13.19 On initial lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) thoracic images in ...
Figure 13.20 A 10‐year‐old Himalayan presented for hindlimb ataxia and weakn...
Figure 13.21 A 5‐year‐old presented for a fibrosarcoma on the right rear foo...
Figure 13.22 A 13‐year‐old DSH presented for loss of use of his rear limbs. ...
Figure 13.23 A 7‐year‐old Ragdoll presented for a heart murmur. On the later...
Figure 13.24 A 3‐year‐old DLH presented for heart murmur. On the lateral rad...
Figure 13.25 An 11‐year‐old DSH presented for evaluation of increased respir...
Figure 13.26 A 9‐year‐old DLH presented for dyspnea and weight loss over two...
Figure 13.27 A 9‐year‐old DLH presented for increased respiratory effort and...
Figure 13.28 A 6‐year‐old DLH presented for abdominal distension and decreas...
Figure 13.29 An 11‐year‐old DLH presented for polyuria/polydipsia. The cardi...
Figure 13.30 A 5‐year‐old DSH presented for respiratory distress. Thoracic r...
Figure 13.31 Initial lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) thoracic radiographs r...
Figure 13.32 A 4‐year‐old DLH presented for acute respiratory distress and h...
Figure 13.33 A 12‐year‐old Maine Coon presented for inability to use his rea...
Figure 13.34 A gallop rhythm was present in a 12‐year‐old DSH presenting for...
Figure 13.35 A 5‐year‐old DSH presented for acute onset of paraparesis. Both...
Figure 13.36 A 3‐year‐old Ragdoll presented for anorexia and constipation. P...
Figure 13.37 A 20‐year‐old DLH presented for seizure‐like activity beginning...
Figure 13.38 An 8‐year‐old Persian presented for fainting and a heart murmur...
Figure 13.39 A 5‐year‐old DSH presented for diabetes and a heart murmur. Tho...
Figure 13.40 A 19‐year‐old DSH presented for episodes of dyspnea. A chylous ...
Figure 13.41 An adult cat presented for chronic head shaking. A moderate amo...
Figure 13.42 A 13‐year‐old DSH presented for a seven‐day history of anorexia...
Figure 13.43 A 15‐year‐old cat presented following chemotherapy due to fever...
Figure 13.44 Both lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) thoracic radiographs show...
Figure 13.45 A 16‐year‐old DSH presented for an oral squamous cell carcinoma...
Figure 13.46 A 14‐year‐old DSH presented with retinal detachment due to syst...
Chapter 14
Figure 14.1 Lateral (a) and VD (b) views of the thorax of a normal cat. The ...
Figure 14.2 Left lateral (a) and VD (b) images of the thorax of a 2‐year‐old...
Figure 14.3 Left lateral (a) and VD (b) images of the thorax of an 11‐year‐o...
Figure 14.4 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) radiographs and postcontrast tr...
Figure 14.5 Ventrodorsal image of the thorax of a cat with a focal pulmonary...
Figure 14.6 Lateral image of the thorax of a cat with hypertrophic cardiomyo...
Figure 14.7 Lateral (a), dorsoventral (b), and transverse computed tomograph...
Figure 14.8 Left lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) views of the thorax in a 1...
Figure 14.9 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) radiographs of a female cat pre...
Figure 14.10 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) thoracic images on a cat prese...
Figure 14.11 (a) Right lateral image of the thorax from a 6‐year‐old cat pre...
Figure 14.12 Right lateral (a) and DV (b) projections of an 8‐year‐old cat p...
Figure 14.13 Left lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) thoracic images from a 10...
Figure 14.14 Left lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) views of the thorax in a ...
Figure 14.15 Right lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) views of the thorax in a...
Figure 14.16 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) and postcontrast transverse co...
Figure 14.17 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) and postcontrast transverse co...
Figure 14.18 Right lateral (a) and dorsoventral (b) images of the thorax in ...
Figure 14.19 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) images of a 2‐year‐old cat cur...
Figure 14.20 Left lateral thoracic image from a 9‐year‐old cat presented for...
Figure 14.21 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) thoracic images and transverse...
Figure 14.22 Left lateral (a) and VD (b) images of the thorax of a cat prese...
Figure 14.23 Lateral (a) and VD (b) images of a cat with marked overinflatio...
Figure 14.24 Right lateral (a) and VD (b) images of the thorax in a 7‐year‐o...
Figure 14.25 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) thoracic image and postcontras...
Figure 14.26 Lateral image of the thorax in a cat presented for chronic bron...
Figure 14.27 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) and postcontrast transverse co...
Figure 14.28 Lateral (a) and DV (b) images of the thorax of a cat presented ...
Figure 14.29 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) images of a cat presenting for...
Figure 14.30 Lateral (a), ventrodorsal (b) and postcontrast computed tomogra...
Figure 14.31 Lateral (a) and VD (b) images of the thorax of a 6‐year‐old cat...
Figure 14.32 Lateral (a) and VD (b) images of the thorax of a 9‐month‐old ki...
Figure 14.33 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) thoracic image of a kitten pre...
Figure 14.34 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) images of the thorax along wit...
Figure 14.35 Lateral (a) and VD (b) images of a cat with chronic chylous eff...
Chapter 15
Figure 15.1 Cranial aspect of the lateral abdomen of a normal cat. The cauda...
Figure 15.2 Ventrodorsal (a) and lateral (b) thoracic images of a cat with l...
Figure 15.3 A nine‐year‐old DSH presented for inappetance. On the lateral im...
Figure 15.4 A 16‐year‐old DSH cat presented for weakness and decreased appet...
Figure 15.5 Lateral thoracic image of a cat with pulmonary carcinoma. Pleura...
Figure 15.6 Lateral thoracic image of a cat presented for coughing. A diffus...
Figure 15.7 Lateral thoracic image of a cat presented for vomiting and chron...
Chapter 16
Figure 16.1 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) thoracic images from a cat with...
Figure 16.2 Lateral thoracic image of a cat presented for inspiratory dyspne...
Figure 16.3 Lateral thoracic (a) and dorsoventral (b) view of the thoracic i...
Figure 16.4 Lateral thoracic image of a cat presented with acute onset of co...
Figure 16.5 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) images of the thorax of a cat p...
Figure 16.6 (a) Lateral image of the thoracic inlet in a cat presented for i...
Figure 16.7 Sagittal and transverse magnetic resonance images of the cervica...
Figure 16.8 A lateral image of the cervical region was obtained in a cat pre...
Chapter 17
Figure 17.1 Ventrodorsal thoracic image of a cat with a mediastinal shift to...
Figure 17.2 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) images of the thorax on a cat u...
Figure 17.3 Ventrodorsal thoracic image of a cat with a mediastinal shift se...
Figure 17.4 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) thoracic images and ultrasound ...
Figure 17.5 Lateral (a), ventrodorsal (b) and ultrasound (c) images of a cat...
Figure 17.6 Lateral (a) and dorsoventral (b) thoracic images and computed to...
Figure 17.7 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) thoracic radiographic images, s...
Figure 17.8 Lateral thoracic image of a cat presented for regurgitation and ...
Figure 17.9 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) thoracic images of a cat presen...
Figure 17.10 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) thoracic images, and ultrasoun...
Figure 17.11 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) thoracic image, ultrasound (c)...
Figure 17.12 Lateral thoracic image of a cat with pneumomediastinum. Mediast...
Figure 17.13 Transverse computed tomographic image (a) of the thorax showing...
Chapter 18
Figure 18.1 Eight‐year‐old cat presented with respiratory distress. (a) Dors...
Figure 18.2 Lateral image of the thorax of a cat with pleural effusion. A la...
Figure 18.3 Lateral image of the thorax of a cat with pleural effusion. A pr...
Figure 18.4 Ventrodorsal (a) and lateral (b) images of the thorax of a cat w...
Figure 18.5 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) images of the thorax of a cat w...
Figure 18.6 (a) Lateral image of a cat presented for respiratory distress an...
Figure 18.7 (a, b) Ventrodorsal images of a cat with chronic chylothorax. Im...
Figure 18.8 (a) Lateral image of a cat with pleural effusion. The lung lobes...
Figure 18.9 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) images of a cat with a severe p...
Chapter 19
Figure 19.1 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) thoracic images of a cat presen...
Figure 19.2 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) thoracic images of a 2‐year‐old...
Figure 19.3 Lateral (a), ventrodorsal (b), and transverse computed tomograph...
Figure 19.4 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) thoracic images of a 1‐year‐old...
Figure 19.5 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) thoracic images of a 4‐week‐old...
Figure 19.6 Lateral (a) and dorsoventral (b) thoracic images of a 9‐month‐ol...
Figure 19.7 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) images of a cat presented for v...
Figure 19.8 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) thoracic images of a cat presen...
Figure 19.9 Left lateral (a), right lateral (b), and ventrodorsal (c) thorac...
Chapter 20
Figure 20.1 (a) Fully automated (double spring‐fired) biopsy device for Tru‐...
Figure 20.2 Longitudinal ultrasound image of the right hemithorax of a cat w...
Figure 20.3 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) thoracic images of a dog presen...
Figure 20.4 Transverse ultrasound image of a dog with a peripheral pulmonary...
Figure 20.5 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) thoracic images of a 6‐year‐old...
Chapter 21
Figure 21.1 Radiographs of a 3‐year‐old castrated male domestic shorthair wi...
Figure 21.2 Normal radiographs of the feline gastrointestinal tract. (a) Lat...
Figure 21.3 (a) Barium can be seen in the trachea and bronchial tree (
arrows
Figure 21.4 Images of a correctly placed stomach tube. (a) Lateral projectio...
Figure 21.5 An upper GI series has been performed using barium‐impregnated p...
Figure 21.6 (a–c) Fluoroscopy was done during esophagography in a 3‐year‐old...
Figure 21.7 Normal gastrointestinal series using barium contrast media. (a) ...
Figure 21.8 Esophagography with iodinated contrast media in a cat with an es...
Figure 21.9 (a) Lateral projection showing pneumocolography in a cat with a ...
Figure 21.10 Barium enema performed in a 4‐month‐old cat with atresia ani an...
Figure 21.11 Ultrasonography of the normal feline stomach. (a) Empty stomach...
Figure 21.12 Ultrasonography of the normal feline small intestine. (a) Duode...
Figure 21.13 Ultrasonography of the normal feline colon. Only the near wall ...
Figure 21.14 Ultrasonography showing aspiration of the stomach in two cats. ...
Chapter 22
Figure 22.1 Fluoroscopy showed decreased motility in a cat with gangliosidos...
Figure 22.2 Radiographs of an 8‐year‐old domestic shorthair with an esophage...
Figure 22.3 (a) Esophageal masses in an 11‐year‐old domestic shorthair with ...
Figure 22.4 Radiograph showing megaesophagus in a 7‐year‐old spayed female d...
Figure 22.5 Megaesophagus in a 4‐year‐old domestic longhair with a history o...
Figure 22.6 Images of a 5‐year‐old domestic longhair with an intestinal fore...
Figure 22.7 (a) Right lateral projection of the abdomen of a 4‐year‐old dome...
Figure 22.8 Ultrasonography of gastric neoplasia. (a) The gastric wall of th...
Figure 22.9 Hiatal hernia in a cat under anesthesia for radiography of the s...
Figure 22.10 Gastric ulceration in a 3.5‐year‐old domestic shorthair with a ...
Figure 22.11 Functional ileus in a 14‐year‐old cat with electrolyte abnormal...
Figure 22.12 Mechanical ileus in an 11‐year‐old domestic longhair with a his...
Figure 22.13 Radiography of foreign body causing obstruction in a 12‐year‐ol...
Figure 22.14 Radiography of string foreign body in a 6‐month‐old domestic sh...
Figure 22.15 Ultrasonography of string foreign body in a 10‐month‐old domest...
Figure 22.16 Ultrasonography of inflammatory bowel disease. (a) Ultrasound i...
Figure 22.17 Imaging of feline infectious peritonitis. (a) Lateral projectio...
Figure 22.18 Ultrasound images of a 19‐year‐old domestic shorthair with inte...
Figure 22.19 Ultrasonography of adenocarcinoma in the jejunum of an 11‐year‐...
Figure 22.20 Ultrasound image of mast cell tumor in the small intestine of a...
Figure 22.21 Ultrasonography of gastrointestinal stromal tumor in a 14‐year‐...
Figure 22.22 (a) Ultrasonography of a 14‐year‐old Ragdoll with T cell lympho...
Figure 22.23 Imaging of feline gastrointestinal eosinophilic sclerosing fibr...
Figure 22.24 Radiographs of pneumatosis intestinalis in a 2‐year‐old domesti...
Figure 22.25 Ileocolic intussusception in a 17‐year‐old castrated male domes...
Figure 22.26 Ileocecocolic intussusception of the small intestine and cecum ...
Figure 22.27 Intestinal perforation. An 11‐year‐old domestic longhair presen...
Figure 22.28 Imaging of a 5‐year‐old domestic longhair with disease in the j...
Figure 22.29 Radiography of megacolon. (a) Lateral projection of a 13‐year‐o...
Figure 22.30 Imaging of colonic adenocarcinoma. An 8‐year‐old domestic short...
Figure 22.31 A 16‐year‐old Maine Coon had an intestinal mass that was diagno...
Figure 22.32 Fine needle aspiration of the gastrointestinal tract. A 6‐year‐...
Chapter 23
Figure 23.1 Lateral projection of a normal feline abdomen. The liver lies ca...
Figure 23.2 Lateral thorax and cranial abdomen of a normal cat. The gallblad...
Figure 23.3 Lateral image (a) of the abdomen in a cat with hepatomegaly. The...
Figure 23.4 Lateral (a) and VD (b) images of the abdomen in a normal geriatr...
Figure 23.5 (a) Lateral image of the thorax and cranial abdomen in a cat wit...
Figure 23.6 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) images of the abdomen of a cat ...
Figure 23.7 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) abdominal radiographic images o...
Figure 23.8 A 1.5‐year‐old mixed breed cat presented for anorexia and vomiti...
Figure 23.9 Lateral (a) and VD (b) views of the abdomen of a cat presented f...
Figure 23.10 Longitudinal ultrasound image of the left liver in a normal cat...
Figure 23.11 (a) Transverse ultrasound image of a normal feline liver. Note ...
Figure 23.12 Longitudinal ultrasound image of the liver in a normal cat. The...
Figure 23.13 Longitudinal ultrasound image of the liver in a cat presented w...
Figure 23.14 (a) Longitudinal ultrasound image of the liver in a normal cat....
Figure 23.15 Transverse ultrasound image of a normal feline liver. The right...
Figure 23.16 Transverse ultrasound image of a normal feline liver. The gallb...
Figure 23.17 (a) Longitudinal ultrasound image of the liver and gallbladder ...
Figure 23.18 Transverse ultrasound image of the liver in a cat with hepatic ...
Figure 23.19 Longitudinal ultrasound image of the caudate liver lobe adjacen...
Figure 23.20 Longitudinal ultrasound image of the liver in a cat presenting ...
Figure 23.21 Longitudinal ultrasound images of the liver in the same cat as ...
Figure 23.22 Longitudinal ultrasound image of the liver and bile duct in a c...
Figure 23.23 A 2.5‐year‐old cat presented for labored breathing of three day...
Figure 23.24 A 2‐year‐old cat presented for fever, anorexia, and weight loss...
Figure 23.25 Longitudinal ultrasound image of the liver of a cat presenting ...
Figure 23.26 Transverse ultrasound image of the liver in a cat presented for...
Figure 23.27 An ill‐defined hypoechoic nodule is found in the liver in this ...
Figure 23.28 Three ultrasound images (a–c) of cats with biliary cystadenomas...
Figure 23.29 A 2‐year‐old
domestic shorthair
(
DSH
) presented for abdominal s...
Figure 23.30 Longitudinal ultrasound image of the liver in a cat presented f...
Figure 23.31 Transverse ultrasound image of the liver in a cat presented for...
Figure 23.32 Longitudinal ultrasound image of the liver in a cat presenting ...
Figure 23.33 An 8‐year‐old DSH presented for intermittent vomiting. Multiple...
Figure 23.34 A 13‐year‐old Maine Coon presented for a cranial abdominal mass...
Figure 23.35 Longitudinal image of the liver in a cat presented for staging ...
Figure 23.36 A 7‐year‐old DSH presented for chronic anemia. This patient was...
Figure 23.37 Transverse ultrasound image of the gallbladder in a cat present...
Figure 23.38 Transverse oblique ultrasound image of the liver in a cat prese...
Figure 23.39 An 11‐year‐old DSH presented for anorexia and icterus. The wall...
Figure 23.40 Longitudinal image of the cranial abdomen in a cat presented fo...
Figure 23.41 A 13‐year‐old DSH presented for anorexia and abdominal distensi...
Figure 23.42 (a) Transverse ultrasound image of the bile duct and duodenal p...
Figure 23.43 A 12‐year‐old DSH presented for weight loss and a nonregenerati...
Figure 23.44 Ultrasound images (a,b) of a 15‐year‐old DSH presented for elev...
Figure 23.45 Longitudinal image of a liver lobe in a cat with chronic, compl...
Figure 23.46 Longitudinal image of the liver and diaphragm of a cat with hep...
Figure 23.47 (a) A 6‐month‐old mixed‐breed kitten presented for hypersalivat...
Figure 23.48 A 12‐year‐old DSH presented for anorexia and weight loss. The l...
Figure 23.49 An 8‐year‐old DSH was presented due to weight loss and seizures...
Figure 23.50 A 9‐year‐old mixed‐breed cat presented for two‐year history of ...
Chapter 24
Figure 24.1 (a) In this cat with pancreatitis, there is a mild loss of seros...
Figure 24.2 (a,b) Images of the right extremity of the pancreas with the duo...
Figure 24.3 (a) Image of a normal left extremity of the pancreas (
arrows
) ve...
Figure 24.4 (a) Image of a normal major duodenal papilla (
arrows
). (b) Image...
Figure 24.5 A 15‐year‐old
domestic longhair
(
DLH
) presented for weight loss....
Figure 24.6 A 1‐year‐old DLH presented for weight loss and elevated liver en...
Figure 24.7 A 13‐year‐old female
domestic shorthair
(
DSH
) presented for vomi...
Figure 24.8 A 15‐year‐old DSH presented for management of chronic liver and ...
Figure 24.9 A 12‐year‐old Maine Coon diabetic cat presented for weight loss ...
Figure 24.10 A 7‐year‐old DSH presented for vomiting and was icteric and fPL...
Figure 24.11 A 14‐year‐old female DSH presented for uncontrolled diabetes of...
Figure 24.12 A 12‐year‐old DLH presented for chronic weight loss. (a) The pa...
Figure 24.13 A 12‐year‐old diabetic Maine Coon presented for anorexia and vo...
Figure 24.14 A 10‐year‐old Russian Blue presented for anorexia and icterus. ...
Figure 24.15 Ultrasound image of the pancreas of a 9‐year‐old DSH with a fiv...
Figure 24.16 A 17‐year‐old DSH presented for a mass on the rear limb and pro...
Figure 24.17 A 7‐year‐old male DSH presented for uncontrolled diabetes and c...
Figure 24.18 An 8‐year‐old male diabetic DSH presented for loss of appetite ...
Figure 24.19 A 13‐year‐old male DSH cat presented for weight loss. The abdom...
Figure 24.20 A 12‐year‐old DLH presented following a three‐month absence. (a...
Figure 24.21 A 14‐year‐old diabetic DSH presented for polydipsia/polyuria. L...
Figure 24.22 An 18‐year‐old DLH presented for a mass on the left hind leg. O...
Figure 24.23 A 16‐year‐old DLH presented for weight loss. (a) A cholelith is...
Figure 24.24 A 9‐year‐old DSH presented with icterus and vomiting. (a) On ab...
Figure 24.25 A 15‐year‐old diabetic Maine Coon presented for vomiting and we...
Figure 24.26 A 6‐year‐old male DSH presented for vomiting, inappetence, and ...
Figure 24.27 A 19‐year‐old DSH presented for vomiting and diarrhea. A soft t...
Figure 24.28 A 15‐year‐old DLH presented for weight loss. On abdominal later...
Figure 24.29 A 10‐year‐old Maine Coon presented for weight loss, anorexia, a...
Figure 24.30 An 11‐year‐old Siamese presented for a four‐month history of in...
Figure 24.31 A 13‐year‐old female DSH presented with diabetes. The pancreas ...
Figure 24.32 A 10‐year‐old male Red Tabby presented for anorexia with a prev...
Figure 24.33 A 9‐year‐old mixed‐breed cat presented for diarrhea and vomitin...
Figure 24.34 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) radiographic images of the abd...
Figure 24.35 A female DSH presented with uncontrolled diabetes and vomiting....
Figure 24.36 A 15‐year‐old DSH presented for decreased appetite and bloody d...
Figure 24.37 A 6‐year‐old DSH with a previous history of pancreatitis diagno...
Figure 24.38 A 13‐year‐old DSH presented with unregulated diabetes mellitus ...
Chapter 25
Figure 25.1 Ultrasound of the right (a) and left (b) adrenal glands in a 13‐...
Figure 25.2 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) images of the abdomen show mine...
Figure 25.3 Ultrasound of the left (a) and right (b) adrenal glands in a 12‐...
Figure 25.4 Ultrasound of the left (a) and right (b) adrenal glands in an 8‐...
Figure 25.5 A 16‐year‐old female DSH presented for weight loss. On the later...
Figure 25.6 Ultrasound of the left (a) and right (b) adrenal glands in a 7‐y...
Figure 25.7 An 8‐year‐old DSH presented for uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. ...
Figure 25.8 A 14‐year‐old DSH presented for blindness and retinal detachment...
Figure 25.9 An 11‐year‐old DSH presented for vomiting and low potassium leve...
Figure 25.10 A 12‐year‐old Maine Coon presented for history of weight loss, ...
Figure 25.11 A 6‐year‐old DSH presented with diagnosis of chronic renal dise...
Figure 25.12 An 8‐year‐old DSH presented for weight loss, chronic renal dise...
Figure 25.13 A 9‐year‐old DSH presented for an eight‐month history of weight...
Figure 25.14 A 2‐year‐old DSH male presented for decreased appetite. Both th...
Figure 25.15 An 11‐year‐old DSH presented for a seizure work‐up. A mass was ...
Figure 25.16 An abdominal ultrasound shows a normal‐appearing left adrenal (...
Figure 25.17 A 7‐year‐old female DSH presented for icterus following surgica...
Figure 25.19 A 17‐year‐old male DSH presented for anorexia. He had previousl...
Figure 25.18 An 11‐year‐old female DSH presented for icterus, anorexia, and ...
Figure 25.20 A 9‐year‐old Persian presented with history of hyperthyroidism....
Chapter 26
Figure 26.1 Radiographs of the abdomen of a normal cat. (a) Lateral projecti...
Figure 26.2 Measuring the kidney on radiographs. Various methods can be used...
Figure 26.3 Poorly prepared abdomen. It is important to properly prepare the...
Figure 26.4 Excretory urography of a 7‐year‐old Ragdoll with chronic cystiti...
Figure 26.5 Positive contrast cystography in a 14‐year‐old domestic longhair...
Figure 26.6 Double contrast cystography. This is the best procedure for most...
Figure 26.7 Complications of cystography. A double contrast cystogram was pe...
Figure 26.8 Normal feline urethrogram. Radiographs should be exposed toward ...
Figure 26.9 Imaging of renal masses. Ultrasonography can reveal masses withi...
Figure 26.10 Sonographic measurement of the kidney. (a) This normal feline k...
Figure 26.11 Ultrasonography of the feline kidney showing different imaging ...
Figure 26.12 Imaging of vasculature of the feline kidney. (a) The renal arte...
Figure 26.13 Aspiration of the kidney in a cat with a renal carcinoma. The b...
Figure 26.14 Ultrasound image of a catheter (
white arrow
) in the urinary bla...
Figure 26.15 Ultrasonography of the urinary bladder. The bladder should be i...
Figure 26.16 Glomerular filtration rate evaluated with nuclear scintigraphy....
Figure 26.17 Computed tomography of the kidney of an 8‐year‐old domestic lon...
Chapter 27
Figure 27.1 Examples of chronic renal disease showing small kidneys and calc...
Figure 27.2 Compensatory hypertrophy in a 14‐year‐old domestic shorthair. (a...
Figure 27.3 Ultrasonography of chronic renal disease. (a) The left kidney of...
Figure 27.4 Medullary rim signs. (a) Medullary rim sign (
arrow
) in an 8‐year...
Figure 27.5 Ultrasonography of pyelonephritis in a 16‐year‐old domestic long...
Figure 27.6 Imaging of hydronephrosis. (a) Ultrasonography of a 9‐year‐old d...
Figure 27.7 Imaging of polycystic kidney disease. (a) Lateral projection of ...
Figure 27.8 On ultrasonography, the classic cyst is anechoic with well‐defin...
Figure 27.9 Ultrasonography of polycystic kidney disease with small cysts. (...
Figure 27.10 Ultrasonography of polycystic kidney disease with large cysts. ...
Figure 27.11 Ultrasonography of the liver of the Persian cat with PKD shown ...
Figure 27.12 Radiography of renal neoplasia. (a) Left lateral projection of ...
Figure 27.13 Ultrasonography of renal neoplasia. The appearance of a neoplas...
Figure 27.14 Ultrasonography of renal lymphosarcoma. (a) Both kidneys were a...
Figure 27.15 Images of
feline infectious peritonitis
(
FIP
). (a) An ultrasoun...
Figure 27.16 Excretory urography of a pseudocyst. (a) On survey radiography,...
Figure 27.17 (a) Ultrasound image of a 4‐year‐old domestic shorthair with a ...
Figure 27.18 Radiology of renal calculi. (a) Lateral projection of a 10‐year...
Figure 27.19 Ultrasonography of renal calculi. (a) Ultrasound image of a ren...
Figure 27.20 Imaging of renal infarction. (a) Radiography of an aged domesti...
Figure 27.21 Ultrasound of parenchymal hyperechoic lesions. (a) Ultrasound o...
Figure 27.22 Ultrasonography of a renal abscess in a 19‐year‐old domestic sh...
Figure 27.23 Imaging of ureteral calculi. (a) Radiography of the cat with hy...
Figure 27.24 Cystography to check for ruptured bladder. (a) A 3‐year‐old int...
Figure 27.25 Radiography of bladder calculi. (a) Lateral projection of a 4‐y...
Figure 27.26 (a) Lateral projection of the caudal abdomen of a 7‐year‐old Ra...
Figure 27.27 Ultrasonography of bladder calculi. (a) Ultrasound image of cys...
Figure 27.28 Ultrasonography of calculi. (a) In this ultrasound image of a c...
Figure 27.29 (a) Ultrasonography of a 6‐year‐old domestic longhair shows wha...
Figure 27.30 Radiography of air in bladder. Gas in the lumen of the urinary ...
Figure 27.31 Double contrast cystography showing thickened bladder wall.
Figure 27.32 Ultrasonography of cystitis. (a) Ultrasound image of a 10‐year‐...
Figure 27.33 Ultrasonography of transitional cell carcinoma in a 17‐year‐old...
Figure 27.34 Ultrasonography of lymphosarcoma in the urinary bladder of a 6‐...
Figure 27.35 Urethral calculi in a 15‐year‐old domestic shorthair with urina...
Figure 27.36 Imaging of urethral obstruction. (a) Lateral projection of a 1‐...
Chapter 28
Figure 28.1 Lateral radiograph of an intact 3‐year‐old female cat. Arrows in...
Figure 28.2 Ultrasonography of the uterus of the cat shown in Figure 28.1. (...
Figure 28.3 Ultrasonography of vessels. (a) Doppler ultrasonography can help...
Figure 28.4 Comparison of the uterus with the small intestine. (a) Wall laye...
Figure 28.5 Ultrasonography of the normal feline ovary. (a) The ovary (
arrow
...
Figure 28.6 How many kittens? Well‐mineralized feti are clearly visible in r...
Figure 28.7 Ultrasonography of the normal feline uterus during pregnancy. (a...
Figure 28.8 Ultrasound image of a feline uterus one day post partum. (a) The...
Figure 28.9 Ultrasonography of the tom cat prostate. B, bladder. (a) The len...
Figure 28.10 Ultrasonography of the tom cat testicle. (a) In longitudinal im...
Figure 28.11 Radiography of dystocia in a 1‐year old cat. A single live kitt...
Figure 28.12 Radiography of fetal death in the cat. A 2‐year‐old cat was adm...
Figure 28.13 (a) Lateral projection of the abdomen of a 4‐year‐old cat with ...
Figure 28.14 Pyometra in a 7‐year‐old domestic shorthair with a two‐day hist...
Figure 28.15 Imaging of mucometra in an 11‐year‐old domestic longhair that p...
Figure 28.16 (a) Gross pathology of an ovarian mass in an 18‐year‐old cat wi...
Figure 28.17 Cystic endometrial hyperplasia in an 8‐year‐old Persian cat. (a...
Figure 28.18 (a) Ultrasound image of cystic endometrial hyperplasia in a cat...
Figure 28.19 Images of a 9‐year‐old domestic shorthair with 11 previous litt...
Chapter 29
Figure 29.1 Radiographs of a 3‐year‐old domestic shorthair diagnosed with he...
Figure 29.2 Ultrasonography of normal jejunal lymph node (
black arrow
). The ...
Figure 29.3 Ultrasonography of a normal medial iliac lymph node. The normal ...
Figure 29.4 Radiographs of the abdomen of a normal cat. Arrows indicate the ...
Figure 29.5 Ultrasonography of the normal feline spleen. The feline spleen i...
Figure 29.6 Radiography of the sternal lymph node in an 8‐year‐old domestic ...
Figure 29.7 Radiography of a cranial mediastinal mass (M) in a 14‐year‐old d...
Figure 29.8 Radiography of mesenteric lymphoma. (a) Lateral projection of an...
Figure 29.9 Thoracic radiographs of an 11‐year‐old domestic longhair with a ...
Figure 29.10 Radiographs of a 14‐year‐old domestic shorthair with acute lymp...
Figure 29.11 Radiography of enlarged spleen (S) in an 11‐year‐old domestic s...
Figure 29.12 Radiography of a 4‐year‐old domestic shorthair with a history o...
Figure 29.13 Radiography of a 4‐year‐old domestic longhair with a five‐month...
Figure 29.14 Ultrasonography of medial iliac lymph nodes in lymphoma. (a) Th...
Figure 29.15 Ultrasonography of lymphoma in mesenteric lymph nodes. A 9‐year...
Figure 29.16 Splenic changes caused by lymphoma. (a) Ultrasound image of the...
Figure 29.17 (a) Image of a 14‐year‐old Ragdoll with an enlarged hyperechoic...
Figure 29.18 Radiography of alimentary lymphoma. A 9‐year‐old Himalayan cat ...
Figure 29.19 Ultrasonography of gastric lymphoma. (a) Ultrasound image of th...
Figure 29.20 Additional ultrasonography of gastric lymphoma. (a) Ultrasound ...
Figure 29.21 Ultrasonography of lymphoma in the small intestine of a 9‐year‐...
Figure 29.22 Ultrasonography of renal lymphoma. (a) Ultrasound image of the ...
Figure 29.23 Splenomegaly due to mast cell without change in splenic echogen...
Figure 29.24 Ultrasound scan of a 12‐year‐old domestic shorthair with a one‐...
Figure 29.25 Ultrasonography of extramedullary hematopoiesis. (a) Image of a...
Figure 29.26 Ultrasonography of lymphoid hyperplasia. A 10‐year‐old Ocicat w...
Figure 29.27 Ultrasonography of a splenic mass with free fluid. A 5‐year‐old...
Figure 29.28 Ultrasonography of splenic hemangiosarcoma. A 9‐year‐old cat wa...
Figure 29.29 Ultrasonography of focal splenic lesions. (a) Ultrasound image ...
Figure 29.30 Ultrasonography of mast cell tumor in the spleen. Ultrasound im...
Figure 29.31 Ultrasonography of reactive lymphadenopathy. A 12‐year‐old dome...
Figure 29.32 Ultrasonography of lymphoid hyperplasia. (a) Ultrasound image o...
Figure 29.33 Imaging of lymph nodes affected by metastatic disease. A 14‐yea...
Figure 29.34 Imaging of infected lymph nodes. A 1.5‐year‐old cat presented w...
Chapter 30
Figure 30.1 Normal abdominal radiographs of a 2‐year‐old
domestic shorthair
...
Figure 30.2 Normal abdominal radiographs of a young cat. (a) Lateral project...
Figure 30.3 A 12‐year‐old male DSH presented for hyperthyroid treatment. Abd...
Figure 30.4 No abnormalities are noted on abdominal radiographs of this 3‐mo...
Figure 30.5 A 2‐year‐old DSH presented for vomiting and dehydration. (a) Lat...
Figure 30.6 A 4‐year‐old DSH presented for weight loss, anorexia, vomiting, ...
Figure 30.7 (a) A 12‐year‐old Tonkinese with a history of 4–5 months of abdo...
Figure 30.8 A 13‐year‐old male DLH presented for anorexia and icterus after ...
Figure 30.9 A 13‐year‐old mixed‐breed female cat presented with a history of...
Figure 30.10 A 3‐year‐old DSH presented for anorexia. (a) There is decreased...
Figure 30.11 A 2‐year‐old Havana Brown cat presented for facial edema and an...
Figure 30.12 An adult DSH presented for vomiting due to chronic renal diseas...
Figure 30.13 A 2‐month‐old male DSH was found six days previously. No urinat...
Figure 30.14 A 15‐year‐old mixed‐breed male presented for evaluation of elev...
Figure 30.15 A 10‐year‐old DLH presented for severe nonregenerative anemia. ...
Figure 30.16 A 12‐year‐old DSH presented for possible gastrointestinal neopl...
Figure 30.17 A 4.5‐year‐old male DSH presented for a distended abdomen. (a) ...
Figure 30.18 An 18‐month‐old DSH presented for vomiting and inappetence. (a)...
Figure 30.19 A 15‐year‐old DSH presented after an abdominal exploratory lapa...
Figure 30.20 A 10‐year‐old DSH presented for a nonhealing wound in the right...
Figure 30.21 A 2‐year‐old male DSH presented for acute onset of respiratory ...
Figure 30.22 A 15‐year‐old male DSH presented for progressive weight loss, a...
Figure 30.23 A 13‐year‐old diabetic cat presented for chronic cough. On a co...
Figure 30.24 A 4‐month‐old DSH was hit by a car three weeks previously and h...
Figure 30.25 A 2‐year‐old female DSH presented due to increased respiratory ...
Figure 30.26 A 2‐year‐old female presented for a one‐week history of not eat...
Figure 30.27 A 10‐year‐old DSH presented for evaluation of a caudal mammary ...
Figure 30.28 A 6‐month‐old DLH presented for chronic cough. (a) Lateral radi...
Figure 30.29 An 11‐year‐old Persian presented for intermittent cyanosis. (a)...
Figure 30.30 A 16‐year‐old DSH presented for lethargy. (a) On the lateral pr...
Figure 30.31 A 5‐year‐old Pixie‐Bob presented for a wound/mass on the left l...
Figure 30.32 A 4‐month‐old stray kitten was found limping. (a) On the latera...
Figure 30.33 An adult DSH presented after being hit by a car. (a) On the lat...
Figure 30.34 A 9‐year‐old DSH presented for listlessness and reluctance to m...
Figure 30.35 A 14‐year‐old Himalayan presented for multiple bite wounds in t...
Figure 30.36 A 14‐year‐old Manx presented for hindlimb ataxia and urinary in...
Figure 30.37 A 13‐year‐old DSH presented for icterus. (a) There is a well‐de...
Chapter 31
Figure 31.1 A 2‐year‐old
domestic shorthair
(
DSH
) was recently run over in t...
Figure 31.2 A 19‐year‐old DSH was attacked by dogs a few weeks ago. Subcutan...
Figure 31.3 A 5‐year‐old DSH presented after being attacked by a pack of dog...
Figure 31.4 A 6‐year‐old DSH presented for dysuria of one day’s duration. Th...
Figure 31.5 A 15‐year‐old diabetic cat presented for lethargy and anorexia o...
Figure 31.6 A 3‐year‐old DSH presented for laceration along body wall. Mottl...
Figure 31.7 A 5.5‐year‐old DSH presented for soft tissue masses in the skin....
Figure 31.8 A 7‐year‐old Himalayan presented for a recurring fibrosarcoma. A...
Figure 31.9 A 4‐year‐old outdoor DSH presented with a recent injury to right...
Figure 31.10 A 10‐year‐old DSH presented after being shot. Multiple metallic...
Figure 31.11 A 17‐year‐old outdoor DSH presented for lethargy and a history ...
Figure 31.12 A 6‐year‐old DSH presented for one month duration of lethargy a...
Figure 31.13 An 8‐year‐old DSH presented for a mass in the left axilla. The ...
Figure 31.14 A 7‐year‐old DSH presented for a large mass along the right tho...
Figure 31.15 An 11‐year‐old DSH presented for soft tissue mass on the left l...
Figure 31.16 An 11‐year‐old cat presented with injection site fibrosarcoma a...
Figure 31.17 A 15‐year‐old DSH presented for mass over the right caudal abdo...
Figure 31.18 A 7‐year‐old domestic longhair presented for an interscapular m...
Figure 31.19 A 9‐year‐old DSH presented for mass on the left flank. A postsu...
Figure 31.20 A 7‐year‐old DSH was referred for a mass on the right shoulder....
Figure 31.21 A 14‐year‐old Maine Coon presented for mass on the right latera...
Figure 31.22 A 6‐year‐old Siamese cat presented for evaluation of a mass in ...
Figure 31.23 A 7‐year‐old DSH presented for reoccurring fibrosarcoma. On tra...
Figure 31.24 A 5‐year‐old domestic longhair presented for a mass on the left...
Figure 31.25 A 14‐year‐old DSH presented for a mass on the left thoracic wal...
Figure 31.26 An 8‐year‐old DSH presented for a mass on the lateral aspect of...
Figure 31.27 A 6‐year‐old DSH presented for a rapidly growing mass over the ...
Figure 31.28 A 7‐year‐old DSH presented for increased respiratory rate and m...
Figure 31.29 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) images of the abdomen in a 15‐...
Figure 31.30 A 12‐year‐old domestic longhair presented for multiple recurrin...
Chapter 32
Figure 32.1 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) views of the cervical spine of ...
Figure 32.2 Lateral (a,c) and dorsopalmar/plantar (b,d) views of the carpus ...
Figure 32.3 Lateral (a) and dorsoplantar (b) view of the tarsus in a Scottis...
Figure 32.4 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) radiographs of a pelvis in a ca...
Figure 32.5 Lateral (a) and dorsopalmar (b) radiographs of the carpus in a k...
Figure 32.6 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) views of the thoracic spine of ...
Figure 32.7 Lateral view of the pelvis of a mature cat with an abnormal tail...
Figure 32.8 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) views of the pelvis. The caudal...
Figure 32.9 Lateral (a) and dorsoplantar (b) views of the digits of a cat sh...
Figure 32.10 Oblique lateral views of the left and right antebrachii in an 8...
Figure 32.11 Lateral (a) and craniocaudal (b) views of the antebrachium of a...
Figure 32.12 Ventrodorsal radiograph of the pelvis of an 11‐year‐old cat wit...
Figure 32.13 Lateral radiograph of the humerus in a geriatric cat with acute...
Figure 32.14 Ventrodorsal radiographs of the pelvis of a 3‐year‐old cat with...
Figure 32.15 Lateral (a) and caudocranial (b) views of the left humerus. The...
Figure 32.16 Lateral (a) and dorsoplantar (b) views of the left hind foot of...
Figure 32.17 Lateral (a) and dorsopalmar (b) views of the right front foot i...
Figure 32.18 Thoracic radiographs (a–c) revealed a partially mineralized mas...
Figure 32.19 A dorsopalmar radiograph of the left front foot (a) and lateral...
Figure 32.20 Flexed lateral (a) and craniocaudal view (b) of an elbow with a...
Figure 32.21 Lateral (a) and craniocaudal (b) views of the antebrachium. The...
Figure 32.22 Lateral (a) and oblique (b) views of the elbow of a cat that pr...
Figure 32.23 Lateral (a) and caudocranial (b) views of the femur. Fracture c...
Figure 32.24 Lateral (a) and craniocaudal (b) views of the tibia. Fracture c...
Figure 32.25 Lateral (a) and craniocaudal (b) views of the elbow. There is a...
Figure 32.26 Lateral (a) and craniocaudal (b) views of the humerus of a cat....
Figure 32.27 Lateral (a) and craniocaudal (b) views of the humerus. Ballisti...
Figure 32.28 Lateral (a) and oblique craniocaudal (b) views of the antebrach...
Figure 32.29 Lateral (a) and craniocaudal (b) views of the humerus. It is im...
Figure 32.30 Classification of the five most common types of Salter–Harris f...
Figure 32.31 The Salter–Harris classification system is used to describe fra...
Figure 32.32 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) radiographs of the pelvis of a...
Figure 32.33 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) radiographs of the pelvis. The...
Figure 32.34 Lateral (a) and dorsoplantar (b) radiographs of the digits show...
Figure 32.35 Lateral radiographs of a tibia of a juvenile feline patient wit...
Figure 32.36 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) radiographs of the pelvis and ...
Figure 32.37 Osteopetrosis diagnosed in a cat. Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal ...
Figure 32.38 Dorsopalmar radiographs of the metacarpus. There is a smooth pa...
Figure 32.39 Classic features of degenerative joint disease include sclerosi...
Figure 32.40 Lateral (a) and craniocaudal (b) radiographs of both stifles in...
Figure 32.41 Lateral (a) and dorsoplantar (b) radiographs of the tarsus with...
Figure 32.42 An adult feline patient presented with lameness localized to th...
Figure 32.43 Lateral radiographs of the stifles in a 2‐year‐old domestic sho...
Figure 32.44 Two‐year‐old domestic longhair with acute lameness localized to...
Figure 32.45 Extended limb ventrodorsal view of the pelvis (a) of a 6‐year‐o...
Figure 32.46 Extended limb ventrodorsal views of the pelvis. In the affected...
Figure 32.47 Extended limb ventrodorsal view of the pelvis of a 2‐year‐old c...
Figure 32.48 Extended limb ventrodorsal view of an overweight neutered young...
Figure 32.49 Chronic fracture of the right capital physis. There is resorpti...
Figure 32.50 Lateral (a) and craniocaudal (b) views of the stifle of a 10‐mo...
Figure 32.51 Extended limb ventrodorsal view of the pelvis of an 8‐month‐old...
Figure 32.52 Lateral (a) and craniocaudal (b) views of the elbow in a 13‐yea...
Figure 32.53 Lateral (a) and craniocaudal (b) views of the elbow of a 14‐yea...
Figure 32.54 Lateral view of the thorax in a 16‐year‐old feline patient. The...
Figure 32.55 Lateral (a) and craniocaudal (b) views of a stifle with degener...
Figure 32.56 Lateral (a) and dorsopalmar (b) views of the carpus with feline...
Figure 32.57 Lateral (a) and dorsoplantar (b) views of the tarsus in a 16‐ye...
Figure 32.58 Lateral (a) and dorsoplantar (b) views of the tarsus. There is ...
Figure 32.59 A dorsoplantar radiograph of the pes. There is soft tissue swel...
Figure 32.60 Lateral (a) and dorsoplantar (b) views of the tarsus showing ma...
Figure 32.61 Lateral radiograph of the stifle with a small focal area of min...
Figure 32.62 Focal area of meniscal mineralization noted in the cranial horn...
Figure 32.63 Large well‐developed osseous body in the cranial aspect of the ...
Figure 32.64 Lateral (a) and ventrodorsal (b) radiograph of the thorax of a ...
Figure 32.65 Lateral (a) and craniocaudal (b) views of the elbow of a cat wi...
Guide
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