Fluid Mechanics at Interfaces 1 E-Book
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- Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
- Kategorie: Fachliteratur
- Sprache: Englisch
Interfaces are present in most fluid mechanics problems. They not only denote phase separations and boundary conditions, but also thin flames and discontinuity waves. Fluid Mechanics at Interfaces 1 focuses on the science of interfaces, in particular, using various scientific methods of analysis relating to space, speed and time. Our investigation takes us from the microscopic or small scale (starting with molecular and nanoscopic scales) to the macroscopic (including meso and interstellar scales), and also explores the laws of interfaces (classical mechanics, quantum mechanics and relativistic mechanics). Chapter 1 examines the questions raised by modeling interfaces in the presence of one or more fluid phases. Chapter 2 discusses the action of turbulence in liquid-vapor flows that contain both small, dispersed bubbles as well as large bubbles, with heat exchanges at the interfaces. In addition, a new model is presented, using large eddy simulation (LES). Chapter 3 studies an original method for calculating the drag force and thermal transfers in flows around networks of spherical particles, while Chapter 4 focuses on the relationships between interfaces and critical fluids. Chapter 5 examines shearing, which causes anomalies in the Brownian motion of particles in strongly fluctuating near-critical mixtures, and Chapter 6 introduces basic concepts related to combustion interfaces, raising the question of the combustion of solids, before ending with a brief presentation of the Rankine-Hugoniot theory and a historical overview of the research carried out in the field of combustion.
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Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2022
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Table of Contents
Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Preface
1 Modeling Interfaces with Fluid Phase
1.1 The concept of an interface
1.2 Some examples of interfaces
1.3 Mathematical description of an interfacial layer
1.4 Some additional information and examples of application
1.5 Conclusion
1.6 References
2 Simulations of Turbulent Two-Phase Flows with Phase Change Using a Multifield Approach Combined with LES
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Computational model
2.3 Filtered two-fluid equations
2.4
A priori
LES study
2.5 Comparison of turbulence models with true LES
2.6 New phase change model for large interfaces
2.7 Conclusion
2.8 References
3 An Original Approach to Extract Momentum and Heat Transfers from Particle-Resolved Simulations of Particulate Flows
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Numerical methodology
3.3 Isolated stationary sphere passed by a uniform flow
3.4 Face-centered cubic arrangement of stationary sphere passed by a uniform flow
3.5 Conclusion
3.6 Acknowledgments
3.7 References
4 Interfaces and Critical Fluids
4.1 Thermostatics of fluids in the vicinity of the critical point
4.2 Thermodynamics of fluids in the vicinity of the critical point
4.3 A specific mode of heat transmission: the piston effect
4.4 Expansion of a “drop” at critical pressure
4.5 Behavior of a pocket of supercritical fluid immersed into a high-temperature environment
4.6 Boiling near the critical point
4.7 Conclusion
4.8 References
5 Shear-Induced Anomalies in the Brownian Motion of Particles in Strongly Fluctuating Near-Critical Mixtures
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Theoretical background
5.3 Experiments and methods
5.4 Results and discussion
5.5 Concluding remarks
5.6 Acknowledgements
5.7 Appendix: Light scattering (photon beating spectroscopy)
5.8 References
6 Basics on Interfaces in Combustion
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Non-premixed laminar combustion
6.3 Turbulent non-premixed combustion
6.4 Premixed combustion
6.5 Plate combustion
6.6 Powders
6.7 Sprays and fireworks
6.8 Conclusion
6.9 Acknowledgments
6.10 Appendices
6.11 References
List of Authors
Index
Summary of Volume 2
End User License Agreement
List of Tables
Chapter 1
Table 1.1. Balance equations for interfaces whose surface variables obey classic...
Table 1.2.
Examples of the constitutive laws of interfaces
Chapter 2
Table 2.1. Expression of the subgrid terms appearing in the filtered two-fluid e...
Table 2.2. Physical properties of the two phases in the phase inversion benchmar...
Table 2.3. Classification of the subgrid terms according to their relative contr...
Table 2.4. Classification of the subgrid terms according to their relative contr...
Table 2.5.
Physical properties of the two phases in the METERO test case
Table 2.6. Time steps according to the flow regime and the turbulence model for ...
Chapter 4
Table 4.1.
Coordinates of the critical point of some bodies (Garrabos
et al. 199...
Table 4.2. Some properties in the vicinity of a critical point and the associate...
Chapter 5
Table 5.1.
Useful data: (a) Beysens
et al. (1982); (b) see text; (c) Giddings an...
Guide
Cover
Table of Contents
Title Page
Copyright
Preface
Begin Reading
List of Authors
Index
Summary of Volume 2
End User License Agreement
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Fluid Mechanics at Interfaces 1
Methods and Diversity
Edited by
Roger Prud’homme
Stéphane Vincent
First published 2022 in Great Britain and the United States by ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms and licenses issued by the CLA. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside these terms should be sent to the publishers at the undermentioned address:
ISTE Ltd27-37 St George’s RoadLondon SW19 4EUUKwww.iste.co.uk
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.111 River StreetHoboken, NJ 07030USAwww.wiley.com
© ISTE Ltd 2022
The rights of Roger Prud’homme and Stéphane Vincent to be identified as the authors of this work have been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
Library of Congress Control Number: 2021949304
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN 978-1-78630-816-0
Preface
In this book, it is relevant to recall the general objectives of the Systems and Engineering e-journal Thermodynamics of Interfaces and Fluid Mechanics1. The thermodynamics of interfaces and fluid mechanics deals with interfaces, thin spaces that separate media with different properties. These interfaces can denote phase separations, as well as thin flames and discontinuity waves. On a microscopic scale, they can be compared to physical surfaces that are endowed with thermodynamic properties and possess their own constitutive laws. The analysis of systems that contain interfaces involves scale changes and the use of specific techniques, such as asymptotic expansions, the second gradient theory and phase field models. Numerical simulations are used to solve the complex systems studied. Experimentation is an essential step in solving the problems posed. The 2D manifolds that the interfaces form often coexist with 1D manifolds, such as ligaments (atomization), contact lines (drops placed in a line) or Plateau edges (foam).
The achievement of the general objectives of Thermodynamics of Interfaces and Fluid Mechanics is partly concretized in the first volumes of the Fluid Mechanics at Interfaces series of books. However, the OpenScience journal has a very broad scope and the articles, published here as chapters (reworked by the authors, from French to English, which requires the modification of certain parts of the articles and updated, etc.), represent only a small part of the interface world, the focus resulting from the authors’ choices. The classification of chapters does not follow the chronology of the articles, but has been organized to be coherent.
The first volume, subtitled Methods and Diversity, focuses more on the sciences, with their various methods of analysis, depending on the scales of space, speed and time, from the microscopic or small scale (starting with molecular and nanoscopic scales characteristic of the matter) to the macroscopic (including meso and interstellar scales), as well as their laws (classical mechanics, quantum mechanics and relativity).
The chapters are organized as follows:
Chapter 1 (R. Prud’homme) is an introduction to Fluid Mechanics at Interfaces, and as such, we examine questions raised by the modeling of interfaces in the presence of one or more fluid phases. The following themes are examined: scales of length and time, the definition of interfacial quantities, microscopic and macroscopic balance equations and constitutive laws. These are required to close the systems of equations that we obtain. Solutions are obtained by using asymptotic expansions and the virtual power method.
Chapter 2 (S. Gouénard, S. Vincent, S. Mimouni) studies two-phase flows. While models have already been developed to study liquid–vapor flows that contain both small, dispersed bubbles and large bubbles (the large bubble model coupled with a dispersed model), the literature has been limited, so far, to laminar regimes. The study presented here relates to the action of turbulence in these two-phase flows, taking into account heat exchanges at the interfaces, as occur in the secondary cooling circuits (exchangers) of nuclear power plants. A new model, using the large-eddy simulation method, is presented here.
Chapter 3 (M.-A. Chadil, S. Vincent, J.-L. Estivalèzes) studies an original method for calculating the drag force and thermal transfers in flows around the networks of spherical particles. This chapter also examines numerical approaches in a two-phase fluid/solid medium, using particle-resolved methods, i.e. the size of the particles is greater than that of the cells in the calculation mesh. An original approach is proposed to extract momentum and heat transfers from particle-resolved simulations of particulate flows.
Chapter 4 (R. Prud’homme) studies the relationships between interfaces and critical fluids. The vicinity of the critical liquid–vapor point of pure bodies presents unique behaviors. In particular, the interface between the liquid and its vapor vanishes when passing the critical point. The piston effect replaces the conductive transfer of heat in the vicinity of solid walls in a 1D configuration.
Chapter 5 (D. Beysens) examines shearing that causes Brownian motion anomalies in particles immersed in fluids that are undergoing strong fluctuations close to their critical point.
Chapter 6 (R. Prud’homme) introduces basic concepts related to combustion interfaces. We also examine turbulent and laminar diffusion and premixed gas flames. A brief introduction to the Burke–Schumann problem is given and discussed, along with the calculation of the combustion rate of a thin premixed flame. The question of the combustion of solids such as thermites, plates with parallel flow and solid propellant rockets is also discussed. The appendices include a brief presentation of the Rankine–Hugoniot theory and a historical note on the research carried out in the field of combustion.
The second volume, subtitled Case Studies and Instabilities, is devoted to the study of the applications to one-, two- and three-dimensional spaces, gaseous and liquid physical states, supercritical fluids and single- or multi-phase systems that may be pure or mixed.
We will study the turbulence in discrete mechanics, atomization under an acceleration field, numerical simulations of tubes with sudden contraction, the evaporation of drops subjected to High Frequency disturbances, possible causes of instabilities in injection engines and flow in a Savonius wind turbine.
This series may seem a little eclectic in its study of different themes in such a vast field, and the topics are, indeed, quite diverse. However, the contents are determined by the release of articles from the OpenScience journal. We hope, of course, that other volumes will be published that will complement this diversity, and, indeed, we wish to address other themes that may be missing here, such as foam, solidification of metals or alloys, plasma in two-phase media, four-dimensional interfaces (if we consider space-time and electromagnetic fields) and so on.
Roger PRUD’HOMMEStéphane VINCENT Christian CHAUVEAUMahouton Norbert HOUNKONNOUNovember 2021
1
To consult these articles, see:
https://www.openscience.fr/Thermodynamique-des-interfaces-et-mecanique-des-fluides
.
