Forensic Odontology E-Book

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 918

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2015

Beschreibung

Forensic odontology refers to the science and practice of dentistry which may be applied to help solve litigation in both criminal and civil cases. It is a specialist branch of dentistry that assists the legal system in the handling, analysis and interpretation of dental evidence.

Forensic Odontology: Principles and Practice pulls together the very latest research findings and advice on best practice and essential skills, including aspects of forensic science that provide a well-rounded educational experience for the reader. Chapters provide coverage of anatomy and morphology, mortuary techniques, physical anthropology, applied forensic sciences, child and elder abuse, and facial approximation. The text introduces the various topics and discusses underpinning philosophies without being an exhaustive historical treatise. Appropriate case studies are used to highlight issues, and references to current research are provided to stimulate further reading and research.

Written by experienced practitioners in the field, this informative introductory text is invaluable to graduate and undergraduate students, as well as experienced dentists, wishing to gain experience or pursue a career in forensic odontology. This text will be a welcome addition to the forensic odontological libraries of all practicing forensic odontologists.

Leseprobe

Forensic Odontology

Principles and Practice

EDITED BY

Jane A. Taylor

Faculty of Health and MedicineUniversity of NewcastleAustralia

Jules A. Kieser (Deceased)

Faculty of DentistryUniversity of OtagoNew Zealand

This edition first published 2016 © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Forensic odontology (Taylor)Forensic odontology : principles and practice / edited by Jane Taylor, Jules Kieser.  p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references and index.

 ISBN 978-1-118-86444-9 (cloth)I. Taylor, Jane (Jane A.), editor. II. Kieser, Jules (Jules A.), editor. III. Title. [DNLM: 1. Forensic Dentistry. W 705] RA1062 614'.18–dc23

    2015029796

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books.

Dedications

Anthony (Tony) John HILL (2.5.1945–22.12.2013)

Tony was born and educated in New Zealand and eventually settled as a private practitioner in Melbourne, Australia. In 1992 he enrolled in the Diploma of Forensic Odontology course at the University of Melbourne under the tutelage of Professor John Clement, and worked at the Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine (VIFM) on a volunteer basis for a number of years. In 2004 he retired from general dentistry to take up a position at the VIFM as Senior Forensic Odontologist.

Tony’s empathy for those in our society who die with no one to mourn for them or to care for their remains was always evident – he was a man who wore his heart very much on his sleeve. He spent many years working with the Victoria Police long-term missing persons unit attempting to identify the remains of unidentified people who would otherwise be buried in anonymous graves. Tony played a large role in the identification of the remains of Ned Kelly, Colin Ross and Ronald Ryan, all of whom were exhumed from Pentridge Prison in 2009.

The contribution Tony made to the identification of people who died in tragic circumstances in mass fatality incidents has been an enduring testament to his professionalism. He played a major role in the Disaster Victim Identification teams deployed to identify the deceased following the 2002 Bali bombings, the 2004 Boxing Day tsunami in Thailand, and the Black Saturday bush fires in Victoria in 2009. Throughout these physically and emotionally demanding operations Tony always maintained a sense of cheerfulness, generosity and professional empathy that was an example for us all.

The recipient of several awards, including the Australian Federal Police Operations Medal and a Premier's Citation, Tony will be sadly missed by all who had the good fortune to work with him and benefit from the enormous breadth of his knowledge and experience. He was a compassionate and kind person, and despite spending so many years dealing with some of the more difficult aspects of humanity, always maintained his empathy and respect for his fellow man.

Julius (Jules) August KIESER (20.12.1950–10.6.2014)

It takes a noble man to plant a seed for a tree that will someday give shade to people he may never meet.

(Chinese proverb)

Jules was a man with an insatiable appetite for knowledge that he loved to share. He was born in Pretoria, South Africa, and educated at the University of the Witwatersrand in Johannesburg where he completed his BSc in 1971 and qualified as a dentist in 1975. He practised in the outback of South Africa and subsequently in London and Johannesburg. He gained a PhD (Medicine) in 1989 and in 1991 was appointed as reader of craniofacial biology and in 1994 as honorary professor of anatomy.

In 1996 he moved to Dunedin with his wife, Glynny, and their four teenage children, where he assumed the position of chair and head of the department of oral sciences and orthodontics at the University of Otago. Jules was a well-respected and much-loved teacher who was an extraordinary inspiration to all those around him. He had an extensive range of research interests, which led to many exciting PhD theses. Jules assisted in police investigations ranging from child abuse and trauma analysis to disaster victim identification. He played a leading role in the identification of victims of the Boxing Day tsunami in 2004 and the Christchurch earthquake in 2011. For these he was awarded a New Zealand Special Services Medal, a Canterbury Earthquake citation and a fellowship of the Faculty of Maxillofacial Pathology from the Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia.

Jules obtained a DSc from his alma mater in 2001 and in 2004 was awarded an ad hominem fellowship in dental surgery from the Royal College of Surgeons, Edinburgh. In 2006 he was elected a professional fellow of the Forensic Science Society (UK) and in 2009 was appointed as the inaugural director of the Sir John Walsh Research Institute at the University of Otago.

Through all his research and his academic life, and his commitment to forensic sciences, Jules always remained a man for all and one who cared about each and every individual in his life.

Contributors

Richard BassedVictorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, Victoria; and Monash University, Australia

Eleanor BottHealthscope Pathology, Australia

Maurice ChurtonOral and Maxillofacial Surgeon (Retired), New Zealand

Gemma DicksonVictorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, Australia

Denise DonlonDiscipline of Anatomy and Histology, University of Sydney, Australia

Terry Lyn EberhardtPestLab, AsureQuality Ltd, New Zealand

Norman FirthFaculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, New Zealand

Alex ForrestSchool of Natural Sciences, Griffith University Nathan Campus and Health Support Queensland, Australia

Jeremy GrahamSchool of Dentistry and Oral Health, La Trobe University, Australia

Denice HigginsForensic Odontology Unit, University of Adelaide, Australia

Erin F. HutchinsonSchool of Anatomical Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa

Helen JamesForensic Odontology Unit, University of Adelaide, Australia

Zaf KhouriNew Zealand Society of Forensic Odontology, New Zealand

David C. KieserChristchurch Hospital, New Zealand

Jules A. Kieser (Deceased)Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, New Zealand

Stephen KnottQueen Elizabeth Medical Centre and Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Western Australia, Australia

Russell LainOral Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging Department, Sydney Dental Hospital, Australia

Mark LeedhamNorthern Territory Coroner’s Office, Australia

Alain G. MiddletonNSW Forensic Dental Identification Unit, Westmead Hospital, Australia

David L. RansonVictorian Institute of Forensic Medicine; and Monash University, Australia

Alistair SoonHealth Support Queensland, Australia

Jane A. TaylorFaculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Australia

Hugh G. TrengroveNew Zealand Society of Forensic Odontology, New Zealand

J. Neil WaddellFaculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, New Zealand

Preface

The genesis for this book was the inclusion of forensic odontology as an independent stream in the Faculty of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology in the Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia. Jules and I thought it would be fantastic to have a dedicated textbook to support the curriculum that had been developed. Our vision was an awareness text rather than a didactic discourse. After John Wiley & Sons kindly supported the initiative, we then set about asking fellows to contribute, and I would like to thank each and every one of them for their efforts and the timeliness of their contributions. I would particularly like to thank David Kieser, Erin Hutchinson, Terry Eberhardt and Gemma Dickson who stepped in for Jules after his passing. A text such as this can only ever be seen as a group project and all authors have willingly given their time and expertise to participate.

Our first sadness came with the passing of our esteemed colleague Tony Hill in December 2013. It was not a hard decision to decide to dedicate this text to Tony as he epitomised everything we love about our profession. Our next sadness was the passing of Jules Kieser in June 2014. While potentially catastrophic for the text, once again the decision was not hard; that Jules would remain as an editor of the book. For me personally Jules was someone I looked up to as a role model and mentor as well as a good friend. His enthusiasm for forensic work, generosity of spirit in sharing knowledge and commitment to teaching the next generation is something I can only dream of emulating. I know that since June I have mentally consulted him frequently about content and progression of the book, so I feel he has well and truly earned his place on the front cover. Some comments about Jules from our authors are presented below.

Of a legend I write, an infinite intellect, extraordinary mind and insatiable thirst for knowledge. Jules Kieser is best described as a gentle giant whose youthful enthusiasm for everything around him endeared him to both colleague and student alike. He was a phenomenal supervisor, colleague and friend who inspired those around him to strive far beyond their own expectations or self-imposed limitations.

(E Hutchinson)

Jules was one of the great enthusiasts and supporters of forensic medicine. He was a master of his subject and someone who could hold an audience in the palm of his hand and leave them both awed and enthused. Hugely respected by his peers, he was a practitioner, researcher and teacher. As a teacher he truly inspired his students and left them with a desire to push the boundaries and commit to supporting the forensic sciences.

(D Ranson)

An outstanding academic with a heart of gold who always put his students and colleagues first.

(N Waddell)

I had the pleasure of meeting Jules for the first time in Darwin, when he was keynote speaker at a forensic odontology meeting. He immediately impressed me as a great speaker, researcher and person. I was looking forward to seeing Jules again when I heard of his loss. The scientific community and his family have lost a wonderful man.

(M Leedham)

Jules was a true gentleman in every respect. Slow to judge, quick to support, first to honour and lead by example. Those of us who were lucky enough to have worked with him are better people for having known him.

(A Forrest)

Jules Kieser contributed mightily to the discipline of dental anthropology. His research into odontometrics was particularly valuable and an example of his great breadth of research, crossing over into palaeoanthropology and forensic anthropology.

(D Donlon)

Following the Asian tsunami in Thailand, I fortunately found myself working with a very committed and caring guy called Jules. Since that time our friendship evolved and I became aware of Jules’ dedication to his work and his drive to research the unknown.

(S Knott)

An inspiration to both students and colleagues alike.

(D Kieser)

All that being said, this book would not have been possible without the dedication and ceaseless work of Jules’ wife Glynny. She has kept me, and the authors, on the straight and narrow and prodded and poked us to make sure we met deadlines. She has my unending admiration, thanks, gratitude and love.

It is fitting to express our thanks and gratitude to the Office of the Dean (Dentistry) at the University of Otago for editorial funding. Further thanks go to Rachael Ballard and Fiona Seymour who worked on the manuscript during its infancy, Audrie Tan who has been an unfailing support throughout, Jenny Cossham, Janine Maer and all at John Wiley & Sons. Thank you to Caro McPherson for her copyediting and to Sandeep Kumar at SPi Global for overseeing the production of this book.

Jane A. Taylor2015

CHAPTER 1Foundation knowledge in forensic odontology

Jules A. Kieser 1, †, Jane A. Taylor2, Zaf Khouri3