Foundations of Play Therapy E-Book
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- Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
- Kategorie: Fachliteratur
- Sprache: Englisch
The landmark guide to play therapy--completely updated and revised Edited by Charles E. Schaefer--the "father of play therapy"--Foundations of Play Therapy, Second Edition is a complete, state-of-the-art guide to the many diverse approaches to, and methods used in, play therapy practice with children and adolescents. Featuring an expert panel of contributors, this comprehensive reference provides up-to-date and insightful coverage of all of the major theoretical models of play therapy and offers practical examples for the application of each model, including: * Narrative play therapy * Solution-focused play therapy * Experiential play therapy * Release play therapy * Integrative play therapy * Psychoanalytic approaches to play therapy * Child-centered play therapy * Gestalt play therapy * Family play therapy * Cognitive behavioral play therapy * Prescriptive play therapy Written for therapists looking for guidance on how to incorporate play therapy into their practice, as well as students or those in need of a refresher on the latest methods and techniques, Foundations of Play Therapy, Second Edition is a standard-setting resource presenting pragmatic and useful information for therapists at all levels of training.
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Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2011
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CONTENTS
Cover
Title
Copyright
Preface
About the Editor
Contributors
Part I : Fundamentals of Play Therapy Practice
Chapter 1 : Play Therapy
Definition of Play Therapy
Importance of Play Therapy
A Brief History of Play Therapy
Ways of Implementing Play Therapy
Applications of Play Therapy
The Playroom and Suggested Materials
How to Begin and End A Session
Limit Setting in Play Therapy
Including Parents and Caregivers
Stages of Play Therapy
Characteristics of Effective Play Therapists
The Effectiveness of Play Therapy: A Review of Meta-Analytic Outcome Research
Summary
Chapter 2 : The Therapeutic Powers of Play and Play Therapy
Curative Factors of Play
Conclusion
Chapter 3 : Playing It Safe
Predictable Character Postures Under Stress
Applying The Postures to An Ethical Dilemma
Part II : Major Theoretical Approaches
Psychodynamic Models
Chapter 4 : Psychoanalytic Approaches to Play Therapy
Historical Background
Contemporary Psychoanalytic Approaches
Contemporary Psychoanalytic Conceptions of Play
The Therapeutic Relationship in Contemporary Psychoanalytic Play Therapy
Case Example
Conclusion
Chapter 5 : Jungian Analytical Play Therapy
Basic Concepts, Goals, and Techniques
Therapeutic Powers of Play Underlying The Model
Role of The Therapist
Role of The Parent
Clinical Applications
Empirical Support
Case Illustration
Challenges in Implementing The Model
Conclusion
Chapter 6 : Adlerian Play Therapy
Basic Constructs, Goals, and Techniques
Therapeutic Powers of Play
Role of The Therapist
Role of The Parent
Clinical Applications
Empirical Support
Case Illustration
Conclusion
Chapter 7 : Release Play Therapy
Introduction
Basic Concepts, Goals, and Techniques
Therapeutic Powers of Play
Role of The Therapist
Role of The Parent
Clinical Applications
Empirical Support
Case Illustration
Challenges in Implementing The Model
Conclusion
Humanistic Models
Chapter 8 : Child-Centered Play Therapy
Basic Constructs, Goals, and Techniques
Toys and Materials
Role of The Therapist
Role of Parents
Case Illustration
Clinical Applications
Empirical Support
Conclusion
Chapter 9 : Filial Therapy
Introduction
Basic Concepts, Goals, and Techniques
Therapeutic Powers of Play
Role of The Therapist
Role of The Parent
Clinical Applications
Empirical Support
Case Illustration
Challenges Implementing The Model
Conclusion
Chapter 10 : Gestalt Play Therapy
Basic Constructs, Goals, and Techniques
Assessment and Treatment Plan
Contact and Resistance
The Use of Projection
Differences Between Child and Adult Work
Strengthening The Self
Further Experiences to Strengthen The Self
Emotional Expression and Aggressive Energy
Case Examples
Conclusion
Chapter 11 : Experiential Play Therapy
Introduction
Basic Concepts
The Therapeutic Powers of Play in Experiential Play Therapy
Parental Involvement in Experiential Play Therapy
Clinical Applications in Experiential Play Therapy
Evidence Basis for Experiential Play Therapy
Case Example in Experiential Play Therapy
Challenges in Implementing The Experiential Play Therapy Model
Conclusion
Systemic Models
Chapter 12 : Family Play Therapy
Basic Concepts, Goals, and Techniques
Therapeutic Powers of Play Underlying The Model
Role of The Therapist
Role of The Parent
Clinical Applications
Empirical Support
Case Illustration
Challenges in Implementing The Model
Conclusion
Chapter 13 : Group Play Therapy
Introduction
Basic Constructs, Goals, and Techniques
Role of The Therapist
Role of The Parents
Case Illustration
Clinical Applications
Empirical Support
Conclusion
Chapter 14 : Ecosystemic Play Therapy
Introduction
Basic Concepts, Goals, and Techniques
Conceptualizing Goal/Cure
Role of The Therapist and The Use of The Therapeutic Powers of Play
Role of The Caregivers
Clinical Applications
Empirical Support
Case Illustration
Challenges in Implementing The Model
Conclusion
Emerging Models
Chapter 15 : Theraplay: Attachment-Enhancing Play Therapy
Historical Background
Basic Constructs, Goals and Techniques
Treatment Planning and Process
Role of The Therapist
Role of The Parent
Case Illustration
Clinical Applications
Empirical Support
Conclusion
Chapter 16 : Solution-Focused Play Therapy: Helping Children and Families Find Solutions
Introduction
Basic Concepts
Therapeutic Powers of Play Underlying The Model
Role of The Therapist
Role of The Parent
Clinical Applications
Empirical Support
Case Illustration
Challenges in Implementing The Model
Conclusion
Chapter 17 : Cognitive-Behavioral Play Therapy
Basic Constructs, Goals, and Techniques
Therapeutic Powers of Play Underlying The Model
Case Illustrations
Clinical Applications
Empirical Support
Challenges in Implementing The Model
Conclusion
Chapter 18 : Narrative Play Therapy
Introduction
Basic Concepts, Goals, and Techniques
Therapeutic Powers of Play Underlying The Model
Role of The Therapist
Role of The Parent
Case Studies
Challenges in Implementing The Model
Conclusion
Chapter 19 : Integrative Play Therapy
Introduction
Basic Concepts, Goals, and Techniques
Therapeutic Powers of Play Underlying The Model
Role of The Therapist/Role of The Parent
Clinical Applications
Case Illustration
Challenges in Implementing The Model
Conclusion
Chapter 20 : Prescriptive Play Therapy
Fundamental Beliefs
Core Practices
Pragmatic
Comprehensive Assessment
Practice Guidelines
Role of The Therapist
Challenges
Summary and Conclusion
Author Index
Subject Index
Guide
Cover
Table of Contents
Begin Reading
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FOUNDATIONS OF PLAY THERAPY
Second Edition
EDITED BYCharles E. Schaefer
Copyright © 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.
Published simultaneously in Canada.
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8600, or on the web at www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008.
Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives or written sales materials. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation. You should consult with a professional where appropriate. Neither the publisher nor author shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages.
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:
Foundations of play therapy / edited by Charles E. Schaefer.—2nd ed.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and indexes.
ISBN 978-0-470-52752-8; 978-111-801324-3; 978-111-801325-0; 978-111-801326-7; 978-111-809478-5
1. Play therapy. I. Schaefer, Charles E.
[DNLM: 1. Play Therapy. WM 450.5.P7]
RJ505.P6F68 2011
618.92'891653—dc22
2010039798
Preface
Play therapy has been the leading psychotherapeutic intervention with children since the beginning of the 20th century. The goal of Foundations of Play Therapy, 2nd Edition is to provide the reader with a comprehensive introduction to the field of play therapy.
The first part of the book, Fundamentals of Play Therapy Practice, is completely new. The chapters are designed to supply the basic information needed to understand and practice play therapy. Chapter 1 encompasses a number of the essential concepts and practices that all beginning play therapists need to master. Chapter 2 contains an overview of the therapeutic powers of play, that is, the change mechanisms that are the heart and soul of play therapy. The third chapter informs the reader about the clinical, professional, and ethical issues that are likely to arise in the practice of play therapy.
One of the strengths of Play Therapy is the diversity of theoretical approaches that are currently being applied in clinical practice with children and adolescents. These models offer a broad and firm foundation for the application of therapeutic play to the wide range of psychological problems experienced by youth.
Part II of the book contains a detailed description of the major theories of play therapy, including Psychodynamic Models, Humanistic Models, Systemic Models, as well as a number of Emerging Models. Each of the 18 chapters is written by a leading authority on the particular theoretical model. All of the chapters from the first edition have been revised and updated so as to present a state-of-the-art overview. In addition, four new theoretical chapters have been added to reflect the broad range of current models, namely, Narrative Play Therapy, Solution-Focused Play Therapy, Experiential Play Therapy, and Integrative Play Therapy.
Psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, counselors, child life specialists, nurses, occupational therapists, and family therapists at all levels of training and experience will find Foundations of Play Therapy, 2nd Edition informative and clinically useful. Like the first edition, this book is likely to become an essential text for introductory courses and workshops on play therapy across the globe.
—Charles E. Schaefer
About the Editor
Charles E. Schaefer, PhD, RPT-S, is Professor Emeritus of Psychology at Fairleigh Dickinson University in Teaneck, New Jersey. He is cofounder and Director Emeritus of the Association for Play Therapy. He is also founder and codirector of the Play Therapy Training Institute in New Jersey. Dr. Schaefer coordinates an International Play Therapy Study Group held annually in Wroxton, England.
Among his books on play therapy are Play Therapy for Preschool Children; Empirically-Based Play Interventions for Children; Contemporary Play Therapy; Short-Term Play Therapy for Children; The Playing Cure: Individualized Play Therapy for Specific Childhood Problems; Game Play; 101 Favorite Play Therapy Techniques; Adult Play Therapy, Adolescent Play Therapy; Play Therapy for Very Young Children; and Play Diagnosis and Assessment. In 2006, he received the Lifetime Achievement Award from the Association for Play Therapy. Dr. Schaefer is a frequent presenter at national and international play therapy conferences. He has been a guest on the Good Morning America, Today, and Oprah Winfrey TV shows. His private practice in clinical child psychology is located in Hackensack, New Jersey.
Contributors
Athena A. Drewes, PsyD, RPT-S
Director of Clinical Training
Astor Services for Children and Families
Poughkeepsie, New York
Eliana Gil, PhD
Director of Clinical Services
Childhelp
Arlington, Virginia
Eric J. Green, PhD, LMFT, RPT-S
Assistant Professor Dept. of Counseling, University of North Texas–Dallas
Dallas, Texas
Heidi Gerard Kaduson, PhD, LLC
Private Practice
Monroe Township, New Jersey
Susan M. Knell, PhD
Clinical Psychologist
Spectrum Psychological Associates
Mayfield Village, Ohio
Terry Kottman, PhD, RPT-S
Director
The Encouragement Zone
Cedar Falls, Iowa
Garry L. Landreth, EdD, RPT-S
Regents Professor, Counselor Education
University of North Texas
Denton, Texas
Alan J. Levy, PhD, LCSW, DSNAP
Associate Professor
Loyola University, Chicago, School of Social Work
Chicago, Illinois
Evangeline Munns, PhD, RPT-S
Clinical Psychologist
Munns Psychological Consultant Services
King City, Canada
Julie Blundon Nash, PhD, RPT
On-Site Behavioral Health Director, Foster Care
Clinic Coordinator, Community Health Center
Middlesex County, Connecticut
Donald R. Nims, EdD, RPT-S
Professor of Counseling
Western Kentucky University
Bowling Green, Kentucky
Byron E. Norton, EdD, RPT-S
Family Psychological Services
Greeley, Colorado
Carol C. Norton, EdD, RPT-S
Family Psychological Services
Greeley, Colorado
Violet Oaklander, PhD
The Violet Solom Oaklander Foundation
Los Angeles, California
Kevin O’Connor, PhD, RPT-S
Distinguished Professor,
Director, Clinical PhD and PsyD Programs at Alliant International University
Fresno, California
Cynthia A. Reynolds, PhD, RPT-S
Professor, Dept. of Counseling
University of Akron
Clinton, Ohio
Daniel S. Sweeney, PhD, RPT-S
George Fox University
Portland, Oregon
Aideen Taylor de Faoite, MA
Educational/School Psychologist
Tulla, Ireland
Laura J. Tejada, MS, RPT-S, LMFT, PCC, NCC
Doctoral Candidate in Marriage and Family Therapy
University of Akron
Akron, Ohio
Risë VanFleet, PhD, RPT-S
Director, Family Enhancement & Play Therapy Center
Boiling Springs, Pennsylvania
PART IFUNDAMENTALS OF PLAY THERAPY PRACTICE
Chapter 1PLAY THERAPYBasic Concepts and Practices
Julie Blundon Nash and Charles E. Schaefer
Oh, every child just once in their life should have this chance to spill themselves out all over without a “Don’t you dare! Don’t you dare! Don’t you dare!”
Jerry, age 7
No. I don’t have to break that window. I don’t have to go on acting like I always have. I don’t have to do everything just because I get the idea to do it. I don’t have to hit people just because I feel like hittin’ ‘em. I guess it’s because I didn’t know before I could just feel mad and in a while it would go away—the bein’ mad—and I would be happy again. I can change. I don’t have to stay the same old way always because I can be different. Because now I can feel my feelings!
Harold, age 8
Jerry and Harold were clients of Virginia Axline, a leading figure in the world of play therapy (Axline, 1979, p. 520). These children entered therapy because of behavior problems and an inability to express their emotions in appropriate ways. Perhaps better than anyone, Jerry and Harold portray the true experience of play therapy as an opportunity to take control of the emotions that can sometimes run rampant. Their statements continue to ring true today, even as play therapy has evolved to include numerous theoretical orientations utilized around the world.
This chapter is intended to provide an overview of the basic concepts and practices of play therapy. Play therapy has a rich history dating back to Freud and the beginnings of psychoanalytic theory and is continually being developed and expanded. The following pages will define and describe play therapy, including the importance of using play in a therapeutic setting, the playroom and suggested materials, the stages of therapy, inclusion of caregivers, and the effectiveness of play interventions.
DEFINITION OF PLAY THERAPY
The Association for Play Therapy has defined play therapy as “the systematic use of a theoretical model to establish an interpersonal process wherein trained play therapists use the therapeutic powers of play to help clients prevent or resolve psychosocial difficulties and achieve optimal growth and development” (Association for Play Therapy, n.d.). This indicates that play therapy is a therapeutic modality firmly grounded in theoretical models. The major theories of play therapy will be described in detail later in this book. Some examples include psychoanalytic, child-centered, cognitive-behavioral, prescriptive, and family play therapy.
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