General and Molecular Pharmacology E-Book

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Fachliteratur
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 2307

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2015

Beschreibung

With a focus on functional relationships between drugs and their targets, this book covers basic and general pharmacology, from a cellular and molecular perspective, with particular attention to the mechanisms of drug action - the fundamental basis for proper clinical use- without neglecting clinical application, toxicology and pharmacokinetics. * Covers cell and molecular pharmacology, bringing together current research on regulation of drug targets, at a level appropriate for advanced undergrad and graduate students * Discusses the relevance of pharmacokinetics and drug development for the clinical application of drugs * Presents material from the perspective of drug targets and interaction, the theoretical basis of drug action analysis, and drug properties * Focuses on structure-function relationships of drug targets - informing about their biochemical and physiologic functions and experimental and clinical pathways for drug discovery and development * Has a companion website that offers a host of resources: short additional chapters about methodology, topics at the forefront of research, and all figures and tables from the book

Leseprobe

CONTENTS

COVER

TITLE PAGE

LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS

PREFACE

SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACOLOGY

1 ESSENTIAL LEXICON OF PHARMACOLOGY

THE SOCIAL IMPACT OF PHARMACOLOGY

ESSENTIAL LEXICON

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2 A SHORT HISTORY OF PHARMACOLOGY

BIRTH AND HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTS OF PHARMACOLOGY

MODERN PHARMACOLOGY

THE BIOTECHNOLOGY ERA AND THE PHARMACOLOGY IN THE THIRD MILLENNIUM

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SECTION 2: GETTING THE DRUG TO ITS SITE OF ACTION

3 CELLULAR BASIS OF PHARMACOKINETICS

A QUICK JOURNEY WITH THE DRUG IN THE BODY

CROSSING CELL MEMBRANES

DRUG DIFFUSION TO ORGANS AND TISSUES

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4 DRUG ABSORPTION AND ADMINISTRATION ROUTES

GENERAL RULES ABOUT DRUG ABSORPTION RATE

ENTERAL ROUTES OF ADMINISTRATION

SYSTEMIC PARENTERAL ROUTES OF ADMINISTRATION

OTHER ROUTES OF DRUG ADMINISTRATION

ABSORPTION KINETICS

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5 DRUG DISTRIBUTION AND ELIMINATION

DISTRIBUTION

ELIMINATION

RENAL EXCRETION OF DRUGS

HEPATIC EXCRETION AND ENTEROHEPATIC CYCLE

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6 DRUG METABOLISM

METABOLIC MODIFICATION OF DRUG ACTIVITY

TWO PHASES OF DRUG METABOLISM

EXTRAHEPATIC BIOTRANSFORMATIONS

PHARMACOMETABOLIC INDUCTION AND INHIBITION

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7 CONTROL OF DRUG PLASMA CONCENTRATION

TIME COURSE OF DRUG PLASMA CONCENTRATION FOLLOWING A SINGLE ADMINISTRATION

DRUGS DISTRIBUTE TO ORGANS AND TISSUES AND THEN ARE ELIMINATED

DRUG PLASMA CONCENTRATION TIME COURSE DURING REPETITIVE ADMINISTRATIONS

MULTICOMPARTMENTAL KINETICS

CORRECTIONS OF THE THERAPEUTIC REGIMEN

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SECTION 3: RECEPTORS AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION

8 DRUG–RECEPTOR INTERACTIONS: QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE ASPECTS

GENERAL PROPERTIES OF DRUG RECEPTORS

CHARACTERISTICS OF DRUG–RECEPTOR INTERACTION

QUANTITATIVE ASPECTS OF DRUG EFFECTS: DOSE–RESPONSE CURVES

FROM DRUG–RECEPTOR INTERACTION TO DRUG RESPONSE

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9 RECEPTORS AND MODULATION OF THEIR RESPONSE

CLASSES OF RECEPTORS AND STRATEGIES OF SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION

CONTROL OF RECEPTOR LOCALIZATION IN THE CELL MEMBRANE

INTRACELLULAR TRAFFIC OF CELL RECEPTORS

MODULATION OF RECEPTOR RESPONSES

RECEPTOR MODULATION BY DRUGS

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10 ADAPTATION TO DRUG RESPONSE AND DRUG DEPENDENCE

MOLECULAR, CELLULAR, AND SYSTEMIC ADAPTATION

DRUG ADDICTION AS A PARADIGM OF ALLOSTATIC ADAPTATION

THERAPY FOR DRUG DEPENDENCE

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11 PHARMACOLOGICAL MODULATION OF POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS

PROTEIN PHOSPHORYLATION

SUMOylation

UBIQUITINATION

GLYCOSYLATION

ACETYLATION

HYDROXYLATION

CARBOXYLATION

METHYLATION

S-NITROSYLATION

DISULFIDE BONDS

LIPID MODIFICATIONS

PHARMACOLOGICAL MODULATION OF POST TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS

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12 CALCIUM HOMEOSTASIS WITHIN THE CELLS

THE CYTOSOL: A CROSSROAD OF Ca

2+

FLUXES

THE PLASMA MEMBRANE: CHANNELS, PUMPS, AND TRANSPORTERS

Ca

2+

IN INTRACELLULAR ORGANELLES

Ca

2+

IN CELL PATHOLOGY

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13 PHARMACOLOGY OF MAP KINASES

THE MAPK FAMILY AND THE ACTIVATION MECHANISM

MAPK SPECIFICITY

PHARMACOLOGICAL INHIBITION OF MAPK

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14 SMALL G PROTEINS

STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF SMG

s

PHYSIOLOGICAL ROLES OF COMPONENTS OF MAJOR SMG FAMILIES

POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION AND SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION OF SMG

s

REGULATORY PROTEINS

MODULATION OF SMG SIGNALING BY BACTERIAL TOXINS AND DRUGS

FUTURE PERSPECTIVES

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15 INTEGRATION IN INTRACELLULAR TRANSDUCTION OF RECEPTOR SIGNALS

DUALISM OF RECEPTORS IN THE NUCLEUS AND IN THE CYTOPLASM

HETEROGENEITY OF RECEPTOR ASSEMBLY

TRANSDUCTION CASCADES DEPEND ON CROSSTALK AND COMPLEMENTARITY AMONG RECEPTORS

DEVELOPMENT OF NEW DRUGS AND THERAPIES

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SECTION 4: RECEPTOR CLASSES

16 LIGAND-GATED ION CHANNELS

TISSUE DISTRIBUTION AND SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION OF LGIC

s

MOLECULAR ORGANIZATION OF LGIC

s

TOPOLOGY OF LGIC

s

MODULATION OF LGIC ACTIVITY

CROSSTALK WITH OTHER RECEPTOR SYSTEMS

MECHANISMS OF ACTION OF DRUGS THAT MODULATE LGIC

s

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17 G-PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS

MOLECULAR ORGANIZATION OF GPCR

s

MOLECULAR ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTION OF G PROTEIN

EFFECTOR PATHWAYS OF GPCR

s

INTERACTION OF GPCR

s

WITH OTHER PROTEINS

PERSPECTIVES

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18 GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTORS

MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTORS

RECEPTOR ACTIVATION AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION

PHARMACOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE CONTROL OF GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR ACTIVITY

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19 CYTOKINE RECEPTORS

CLASSIFICATION OF CYTOKINES AND THEIR RECEPTORS

CYTOKINES IN THEIR BIOLOGICAL SETTINGS

PHARMACOLOGY OF CYTOKINES AND THEIR RECEPTORS

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20 ADHESION MOLECULE RECEPTORS

ADHESION RECEPTORS

SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION BY ADHESION RECEPTORS

ADHESION RECEPTORS AS DRUG TARGETS

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21 SOLUBLE CYTOKINE RECEPTORS AND MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES IN PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND THERAPY

SOLUBLE RECEPTORS

MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES

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SECTION 5: MODULATION OF GENE ESPRESSION

22 PHARMACOLOGY OF TRANSCRIPTION

INTRODUCTION TO THE MECHANISMS OF TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION

TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION BY EXTRACELLULAR STIMULI

FROM THE PHARMACOLOGY OF TRANSCRIPTION TO PHARMACOEPIGENOMICS

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23 PHARMACOGENETICS AND PERSONALIZED THERAPY

VARIATION OF DRUG RESPONSES AND THE DEFINITION OF PHARMACOGENETICS

GENETIC BASIS OF VARIABILITY IN DRUG RESPONSE

GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS AND DRUG METABOLISM

GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS IN GENES ENCODING PHASE I ENZYMES

GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS IN GENES ENCODING TRANSPORTERS INVOLVED IN DRUG ABSORPTION, DISTRIBUTION, AND EXCRETION

GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS IN GENES ENCODING MOLECULAR TARGETS OF DRUG ACTION

METHODS OF PHARMACOGENETIC STUDIES

THE FUTURE OF PHARMACOGENETIC

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24 INTRACELLULAR RECEPTORS

STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF INTRACELLULAR RECEPTORS

INTRACELLULAR RECEPTORS AS LIGAND-REGULATED TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS

PHYSIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES AND PHARMACOLOGICAL CONTROL OF INTRACELLULAR RECEPTORS

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25 RNA MOLECULE AS A DRUG

MECHANISMS OF ACTION OF RNA DRUGS

DELIVERY

GENERAL CHEMICAL STRUCTURE

PHARMACOTOXICOLOGY

PRESENT USE AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES

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SECTION 6: REGENERATIVE MEDICINE

26 REGENERATIVE MEDICINE AND GENE THERAPY

PRINCIPLES OF REGENERATIVE MEDICINE

DEFINITION, CLASSIFICATION, AND FEATURES OF STEM CELLS

STEM CELL-BASED DRUGS

CELL THERAPY AND REGENERATIVE MEDICINE

GENE THERAPY

FUTURE PERSPECTIVES

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SECTION 7: PHARMACOLOGICAL CONTROL OF MEMBRANE TRANSPORT

27 ION CHANNELS

ION CHANNELS AND TRANSPORTERS

CHARACTERIZATION AND FUNCTION OF ION CHANNELS

STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF ION CHANNELS

DRUGS AND ION CHANNELS

SODIUM CHANNELS

CALCIUM CHANNELS

POTASSIUM CHANNELS

NONSELECTIVE CHANNELS, ANIONIC CHANNEL, AND OTHERS

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REFERENCES

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28 MEMBRANE TRANSPORTERS

TRANSPORTER CLASSIFICATION

Na

+

/K

+

-ATPASE

H

+

/K

+

-ATPASE

PLASMA MEMBRANE Ca

2+

-ATPASE

SARCOPLASMIC/ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM Ca

2+

-ATPASE

Na

+

/Ca

2+

EXCHANGER

Na

+

/H

+

EXCHANGER

Na

+

/K

+

/Cl

–

COTRANSPORTER

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29 NEUROTRANSMITTER TRANSPORTERS

NEUROTRANSMITTER TRANSPORTERS AND SYNAPTIC FUNCTION

NEUROTRANSMITTER TRANSPORTER FAMILIES

NA

+

/CL

−

-DEPENDENT PLASMA MEMBRANE TRANSPORTERS

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SECTION 8: CONTROL OF PROTEOLYSIS

30 INTRACELLULAR PROTEOLYSIS

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PROTEASES

CHARACTERISTICS AND REGULATION OF INTRACELLULAR PROTEOLYSIS

LYSOSOMAL PROTEASES

COMPARTMENTALIZED PROTEASES WITH SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS

CYTOPLASMIC PROTEASES

PROTEASOME INHIBITORS AS ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTITUMORAL DRUGS

EXOGENOUS INTRACELLULAR PROTEASES

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31 EXTRACELLULAR PROTEOLYSIS

THE EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX PROTEOLYTIC DEGRADATION SYSTEMS

PLASMINOGEN SYSTEM AND ITS ACTIVATORS

MATRIX METALLOPROTEASES

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SECTION 9: CONTROL OF CELL CYCLE AND CELLULAR PROLIFERATION

32 CELL CYCLE AND CELL DEATH

CELL CYCLE

CELL DEATH

PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH OR APOPTOSIS

NECROSIS

DRUGS AND APOPTOSIS

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33 MECHANISMS OF ACTION OF ANTITUMOR DRUGS

CONVENTIONAL ANTITUMOR DRUGS

TARGET-SPECIFIC ANTITUMOR DRUGS

MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES IN CLINICAL USE

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SECTION 10: CONTROL OF CELLULAR METABOLISM