Handbook of Graphene, Volume 7 E-Book
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- Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
- Kategorie: Fachliteratur
- Sprache: Englisch
The seventh volume in a series of handbooks on graphene research and applications The Handbook of Graphene, Volume 7: Biomaterials presents an overview of various graphene research initiatives and specific biomedical applications, where the properties of graphene are used differently. The book shares information on how graphene and graphene-based materials are utilized for the following types of applications: bio-targeting; medical and biomedical; drug delivery; antibacterial; and biological, biosensing and bioimaging. Topics covered include the role of graphene-based materials in: regenerative medicine; resistive memories and transistors; and implants in biomedicine. The impact of graphene-based biomaterials on biomedical applications is discussed, as are graphene-based systems in the delivery of therapeutics to the brain and central nervous system.
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Seitenzahl: 745
Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2019
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Contents
Cover
Preface
Chapter 1: Biological, Biomedical, and Medical Applications of Graphene and Graphene-Based Materials (G-bMs)
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Advent of Graphene
1.3 Importance of Graphene
1.4 Biological Applications of Graphene and G-bMs
1.5 Medical and Biomedical Applications of Graphene and G-bMs
1.6 Challenges and Future Trend
1.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 2: Effect of Graphene Oxide Nanosheets on the Structure and Properties of Cement Composites
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Preparation and Structural Characteristics of GO Nanosheets
2.3 Preparation of Cement Composites with GO Nanosheets
2.4 Effect of GO Nanosheets on the Microstructure and Performances of Cement Composites
2.5 Preparation of Cement Composites with Large-Scale Ordered Microstructures by Doping Few-Sheet GO Nanosheets and Investigation of Their Structure and Performance
2.6 Effect of GO Nanosheets on the Crystal Structure of Cement Hydration Crystals
2.7 Formation Mechanism of Regular-Shaped Cement Hydration Crystals and Ordered Microstructure
2.8 Conclusion and Future Trends
References
Chapter 3: Adaptation and Viability of Graphene-Based Materials in Clinical Improvement
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Biomedical Properties of Graphene
3.3 Optical and Biological Properties of Graphene
3.4 Safety and Sustainability of Graphene in Medical Application
3.5 Laboratory Preparation of Graphene
3.6 Graphene-Based Materials and Its Risk Index
3.7 Applications of Graphene-Based Materials in Clinical Improvement
3.8 Combination of Graphene in Polymer-Based Composites for Improved Bioactivities
3.9 Application of Graphene in Metal-Matrix Formation for Biomedical Applications
3.10 Conclusion and Future Outlook
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 4: Graphene-Based Synaptic Devices for Neuromorphic Applications
4.1 Basics of Neuromorphic Computing
4.2 Introduction of Graphene
4.3 Graphene Used as the Inserted Layer in RRAM Devices
4.4 Graphene Used as the Electrode in RRAM Devices
4.5 From RRAM to Synaptic Device
4.6 Prospect
4.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 5: Graphene-Based Materials for Implants
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Graphene-Based Materials
5.3 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 6: Ultrashort Pulse Fiber Laser Generation Using Molybdenum Disulfide and Tungsten Disulfide Saturable Absorber
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Background of Fiber Laser
6.3 Mode-Locked Fiber Laser
6.4 Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
6.5 Fabrication and Characterization of SA
6.6 Fiber Laser Configuration
6.7 Performance of Ultrashort Laser with WS
2
SA
6.8 Performance of Ultrashort Laser with MoS
2
SA
6.9 Summary
References
Chapter 7: Graphene-Modified Asphalt
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Molecular Simulations and Experiments
7.3 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 8: Graphene-Based Materials for Brain Targeting
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Graphene-Based Biomaterials
8.3 Drug Delivery to the Brain
8.4 Graphene-Based Drug Delivery Systems
8.5 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 9: Antimicrobial Activities of Graphene-Based Materials
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Antimicrobial Activities of GBMs
9.3 Toxicological Effect of GBMs
9.4 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 10: Graphene Quantum Dots—A New Member of the Graphene Family: Structure, Properties, and Biomedical Applications
10.1 Structure of Graphene Quantum Dots
10.2 Synthesis of GQDs
10.3 Morphological and Optical Properties
10.4 Applications
10.5 Biological Properties of GQDs
Acknowledgment
Dedication
References
Chapter 11: Functionalized Graphene Nanomaterials as Biocatalysts: Recent Developments and Future Prospects
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Functionalization of Graphene Nanomaterials
11.3 Inorganic Functionalization of Graphene Sheets
11.4 Insight Into Interactions between Graphene Nanomaterials and Enzymes for Improved Immobilization Efficacy and Catalytic Efficiency
11.5 Graphene as a Matrix for Enzyme Immobilization and Its Applications
11.6 Conclusion and Future Prospects
References
Index
End User License Agreement
Guide
Cover
Table of Contents
Preface
List of Tables
Chapter 2
Table 2.1
Main compositions of Portland cement 42.5.
Table 2.2
Cement reaction products of Portland cement 42.5.
Table 2.3
Tensile, flexural, and compressive strengths of mortar with different dosages…
Table 2.4
Folding, tensile, and compressive strengths of cement composites at 28 d.
Table 2.5
Flexural and compressive strengths of cement composites with GO nanosheets at…
Table 2.6
Flexural and compressive strengths of cement composites with GO Nanosheets at 28…
Table 2.7
Flexural and compressive strengths of cement composites with GO nanosheets.
Table 2.8
Pore structure of cement paste mixed with nanosheets at 28 d.
Table 2.9
Elemental composition of cement matrix doped with GO.
Table 2.10
The compressive and flexural strengths of cement composites.
Table 2.11
Durability parameters of cement composites at 28 d.
Table 2.12
Pore structure of GO/cement composites at 28 d.
Table 2.13
Crystal phases of cement composites.
Chapter 3
Table 3.1
Fabrication methods for graphene-based nanocomposite and their applications…
Chapter 5
Table 5.1
Various methods of synthesizing graphene.
Chapter 7
Table 7.1
CTE α and β of bitumen and GMA at 298 K.
Table 7.2
Mechanical properties of asphalt systems.
Table 7.3
Mechanical properties of two bitumen systems.
Table 7.4
Fundamental properties of graphene-/carbon nanotube-modified asphalt.
Table 7.5
Interface adhesive energy of graphene–asphalt interface (kcal/mol).
Table 7.6
Healing index of asphalt (20°C).
Chapter 9
Table 9.1
Antibacterial applications of graphene-based nanomaterials.
Chapter 11
Table 11.1
Interaction between graphene nanomaterials and biomolecules.
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Scrivener Publishing100 Cummings Center, Suite 541J Beverly, MA 01915-6106
Publishers at ScrivenerMartin Scrivener ([email protected]) Phillip Carmical ([email protected])
Handbook of Graphene comprises 8 volumes: Volume 1: Growth, Synthesis, and FunctionalizationEdited by Edvige Celasco and Alexander ChaikaISBN 978-1-119-46855-4
Volume 2: Physics, Chemistry, and BiologyEdited by Tobias StauberISBN 978-1-119-46959-9
Volume 3: Graphene-Like 2D MaterialsEdited by Mei ZhangISBN 978-1-119-46965-0
Volume 4: CompositesEdited by Cengiz OzkanISBN 978-1-119-46968-1
Volume 5: Energy, Healthcare, and Environmental ApplicationsEdited by Cengiz Ozkan and Umit OzkanISBN 978-1-119-46971-1
Volume 6: Biosensors and Advanced SensorsEdited by Barbara PalysISBN 978-1-119-46974-2
Volume 7: BiomaterialsEdited by Sulaiman Wadi HarunISBN 978-1-119-46977-3
Volume 8: Technology and InnovationEdited by Sulaiman Wadi HarunISBN 978-1-119-46980-3
Handbook of Graphene
Volume 7: Biomaterials
Edited by
Sulaiman Wadi Harun
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Malaysia
This edition first published 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA and Scrivener Publishing LLC, 100 Cummings Center, Suite 541J, Beverly, MA 01915, USA © 2019 Scrivener Publishing LLC For more information about Scrivener publications please visit www.scrivenerpublishing.com.
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
ISBN 978-1-119-46977-3
Preface
Since the discovery and isolation of graphene from graphite in the year 2004, there has been a huge surge in interest in the area. Graphene-based materials have recorded significant usage in the medical industries, especially in the areas of bioelectronics, imaging, drug delivery, and tissue engineering. A key property that has made this material relevant has been its excellent electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties and its biocompatibility. These materials also demonstrate excellent electrochemical and optical properties, as well as the capability to adsorb a variety of aromatic biomolecules through a π–π stacking interaction and/or electrostatic interaction, which make them ideal materials for constructing biosensors and loading drugs. The Handbook of Graphene, Volume 7 is aimed at undergraduate students toward the end of their degrees and PhD students starting out, plus anyone new entering into the field of graphene biomaterials. It attempts to give an overview on the multitude of different research directions that are currently performed on this material for various biomedical applications. These applications utilized the properties of graphene in different ways.
Chapter 1 provides a thorough review of graphene and graphene-based materials for biological, biosensing and bioimaging, biotargeting, medical and biomedical, drug delivery, and antibacterial applications. Graphene oxide, as the derivative of graphene, inherits its feature of structure and properties and has been applied in various fields nowadays. Chapter 2 discusses the current situation of application of graphene oxide in cement composites. To date, many attempts were made to explore the potential risk index of graphene-based materials in medical applications and the sustainability of the current materials in tissue engineering. In Chapter 3, detailed applications of graphene-based materials in regenerative medicine are discussed, taking into consideration its expansive usage in cardiac, neural, cartilage, musculoskeletal, and skin engineering. Chapter 4 introduces the basic working principle of synaptic devices and their analogy to biosynapses and then discusses about the device physics of several graphene-based resistive memories and transistors. Chapter 5 elaborates on some different graphene-based materials, in respect to their structures, synthesis, properties, advantages and disadvantages, and the applications of these materials as implants in biomedicine. Chapter 6 demonstrates the use of nanomaterials for ultrashort pulse fiber laser generation as a passive saturable absorber. Chapter 7 reports on the comparative study, which was conducted to determine the effects of graphene on the thermomechanical properties of asphalt binder using molecular simulations and experiments.
Graphene-based biomaterials are carbon-based materials, which exhibit unique properties such as high surface-area-to-volume ratio and ease of functionalization. This has resulted in good flexibility for targeted delivery of therapeutics to tissues, and good interactions with biological environments, making them useful for biomedical applications. Chapter 8 focuses on the efficacy of graphene-based systems in the delivery of therapeutics to the brain and central nervous system. Microbial infections have become one of the world’s leading public health issues, causing diseases to millions of people every year. Although researchers have shown the successful antimicrobial capacity of graphene-based materials, with little bacterial resistance and tolerable cytotoxic effect on mammalian cells, the potential effects of these materials on health need to be meticulously assessed prior to subsequent further biomedical applications. Chapter 9 highlights the potential effects they have on public health worldwide. Graphene quantum dots are one of the youngest members of the graphene family; they were discovered in 2007. The structure, properties, and biomedical applications of these materials are discussed in Chapter 10. Chapter 11 thoroughly discusses the current advances in the field of enzyme immobilization on functionalized graphene-based nanomaterials to build robust nanobiocatalytic systems.
I would like to thank all the authors who have contributed their knowledge and expertise to this book and express my sincere appreciation to the International Association of Advance Materials.
Sulaiman Wadi Harun
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
February 7, 2019
