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Ted Alspach

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Beschreibung

Adobe Illustrator is the gold standard for creating exciting, color-rich artwork for print, the Web, or even mobile devices. Whether you're stepping up to Illustrator CS4 or tackling Illustrator for the first time, you'll find Illustrator CS4 For Dummies is the perfect partner. This full-color guide gives you the scoop on the newest tools, tips on color control and path editing, ways to organize graphics, and how to get your work into print or on the Web. You've heard Illustrator is a bit complicated? That's why you need this friendly For Dummies book! It shows you how to: * Manage Illustrator CS4's many tools, commands, and palettes * Decide when to choose RGB over CMYK and how to get perfect color when printing * Compare path and pixel documents, adjust points on a path, and learn to use the versatile Pen and Pencil tools * Use the Character and Paragraph palettes and get creative with type on a path * Work in pixel preview mode, create Web-specific vector graphics, and use Flash with Illustrator * Set up your pages for printing and work with separations, or save files in Web-friendly formats * Create basic shapes, straight lines, and precise curves, then bring it all together into eye-popping artwork * Organize with the Layers palette, tweak color, and make the most of styles and effects * Use Illustrator together with other elements of the Adobe Creative Suite With plain-English instructions and colorful examples of what you can achieve, Illustrator CS4 For Dummies will make you an Illustrator pro in no time.

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Illustrator CS4® For Dummies®

Table of Contents

Introduction
About This Book
What You Don’t Need to Read
Foolish Assumptions
How This Book Is Organized
Part I: Driving People Crazy — Illustrator’s Bum Rap
Part II: Drawing and Coloring Your Artwork
Part III: Taking Your Paths to Obedience School
Part IV: Practically Speaking: Type, Print, and Files
Part V: The Part of Tens
But that’s not all!: Bonus chapters
About All Those Little Icons
Road Signs along the Way
Where to Go from Here
Part I: Driving People Crazy — Illustrator’s Bum Rap
Chapter 1: Introducing the World of Illustrator
From Humble Origins to Master of the Graphics Universe
A brief history of Illustrator
Illustrator’s place in the cosmos
Starting Up Illustrator and Revving It a Little
What’s in a Name (field)?
Artboard options
Page size, units, and orientation
CMYK or RGB?
Exploring the Illustrator Workspace
Illustrator tool time
Panels to suit any artist
Menus with the finest cuisine
Mac and Windows issues spring eternal
Defining the Document Area
Opening Existing Documents
Viewing Illustrator Documents
Zooming in and out of artwork
Scrolling around your document
Looking at the guts of your artwork
Using Templates
Saving Illustrator Documents
Changing Your Mind
Printing Illustrator Documents
Closing Documents and Quitting Illustrator
Chapter 2: Following the Righteous Path
Whether Paths or Pixels Are Better
Paths: The ultimate flexibility in graphics
Pixels: Detail and realism to spare
How Paths and Pixels Compare
A comparison of path and pixel documents
When to use paths and when to use pixels
Paths and Printing
Which is faster — a square or a square?
Printing paths: The evolution of Bézier curves
What’s my vector, Victor?
Gray’s Anatomy of a Path
In Illustrator, it’s polite to point
You can handle the truth
Chapter 3: Doing Everyday Things with Illustrator
Picking Up Stuff and Moving It Around
Comparing the selection tools
Moving and transforming objects
Distorting paths
Organizing objects
Using the “Hard” Stuff
Transparency
Blends
Clipping masks
Compound paths and shapes
Flares
Entering the Wide World of the Web
Saving the World
Save
Save As
Save a Copy
Save for Web
Export
Using Illustrator for What It Does Best
Part II: Drawing and Coloring Your Artwork
Chapter 4: Shaping Up, Basically
Creating Basic Shapes
Drawing rectangles and squares
Drawing ellipses and circles
Creating polygons and stars
Creating grids
Putting Together Shapes
Shape Modes
Compound Shapes
Pathfinders
Creating Objects by Using the Pathfinder Panel
Crescent moon
Sunrise
Legal Graffiti
Using the Symbol Sprayer
Creating a custom symbol
Editing your symbols
Setting the Symbolism options
Chapter 5: Getting Your Fill of Fills and Strokes
Understanding Fill and Stroke
Filling and stroking paths with color
Making a bold stroke
Adding multiple strokes to a single path
Filling crossed and open paths
The Swatches Panel
All the colors in the rainbow and then some
Swatch options for super colors
Swatch libraries
The Color Panel
Dissecting the Color panel
Modes and models
Filling with Patterns and Textures
Applying patterns to paths
Making patterns
Using the Gradient Fill
The Gradient tool
Modifying gradients
Gradient-mania: Color-tweaking made simple
Radial: The secret gradient
Chapter 6: Selecting and Editing Paths
Selecting with the Illustrator Tools
Natural selection
Direct Selection tool
Group Selection tool
Selecting more or less of what you have
Freeform selections: Lasso tool
Magic Wand tool
Selecting without Tools: The Select Menu
Select menu options
Specialized selection functions for important occasions
Editing and Adjusting Points
A relocation bonus for points
Fine-tuning curves with direction points
Converting anchor points
Adding and subtracting points (path math)
Chapter 7: Wielding the Mighty Pen Tool
Performing with the Pen, the Path, and the Anchor Points
Smooth anchor points
Straight-corner anchor points
Curved-corner anchor points
Combination-corner anchor points
Creating Straight Lines with the Pen Tool
Open and Closed Paths
Creating Super-Precise Curves with the Pen Tool
Taming the draggin’
Following the one-third rule
Following rules for the other two-thirds
Drawing the tricky anchor points with the Pen tool
Drawing Shapes with the Pen Tool
Drawing a sad, lumpy circle with the Pen tool
Drawing a heart
Chapter 8: Creating Straight and Curved Lines without the Pen Tool
Using the Pencil Tool as a Pencil
Minimal effort and hefty stress reduction
A few unexpected exceptions to all this bliss
Cherishing the Multipurpose Pencil Tool
Making the Pencil tool work just for you
Changing the path not penciled
Working with the all-natural “Smoothie” tool
Using the Pen with the Pencil
Swapping one tool for another
Precision versus speed: You make the call
Lines Made Quick and Easy
Working with the Line Segment tool
Setting the tool options
Curvy with the Arc Tool
Getting the arc you want
Spiraling out of control
Chapter 9: Creating Magnificent Brushstrokes
Brushing Where No Stroke Has Gone Before
Embracing your inner artist
The Paintbrush tool options
Creating a New Brush
Working with the Different Brush Types
Art brushes for times when you’re a bit wacky
Scatter brushes for times when you’re a bit wacky
Pattern brushes — too cool and utterly wacko
Calligraphic brushes for formal occasions
Chapter 10: Extreme Fills and Strokes
Messing Around with Meshes
Adding a gradient mesh manually
Letting gradient mesh do the work for you
Creating soft bevels with Gradient Mesh
Making Objects Partially Transparent and Blending Colors
Fade away with opacity
Big fun with math! Blending graphics with blend modes
Discovering How Strokes Work
Caps, joins, and dashes
Clipping Masks
Chapter 11: Effectively Keeping Up Appearances, with Style(s)
The Effect Menu
Applying live effects to objects
3D Effects
Removing and changing effects
Rasterization effects
The Appearance Panel
Reading the Appearance panel
Adding fills and strokes
Changing the appearance of groups and layers
Applying effects to strokes and fills
Going back to adjust settings
Removing appearances
Killing live effects until they’re dead
Figuring Out Styles
Applying styles to objects
Creating and editing styles
Spotting the difference between graphic and text styles
Applying graphic styles to text
Part III: Taking Your Paths to Obedience School
Chapter 12: Pushing, Pulling, Poking, and Prodding
Understanding the Five Transformation Sisters
Move
Scale
Rotate
Reflect
Shear
Additional Transformation Tidbits
The Transform panel
Copying while transforming
Transform Each
Transform Again
Partial transformations
Blending: The Magic Transformation
Chapter 13: Organizing Efficiently
Stacking Illustrator Artwork
Stacking order
Moving art up (front) or back (down) in the stacking order
Managing the Mess
Using the Layers panel
Lock and Unlock, View and Hide
Copying layers (quickly and completely)
Viewing objects and groups
Using your options on layers, groups, and objects
Imposing Slavish Conformity with Groups
Lining Up
Guides that are truly smarter than most of us
Let the rulers guide you . . .
I’m a path, I’m a guide
Alignment
Part IV: Practically Speaking: Type, Print, and Files
Chapter 14: Introducing Letters and Such (Type 101)
Using the Word Processor from Outer Space
Controlling type in Illustrator
The Type tool(s)
The Character panel
The Paragraph panel
Introducing the Strange Land of Type
Fonts, typefaces, and font families
Serif and sans serif
The biggest Don’t Do It that I can think of
Exploring Size, Leading, and Other Mysterious Numbers
Measuring can be just plain odd
Measuring can be just plain annoying
Spacing out while staring at type
Putting type on the rack
Moving on up and down
Adjusting Entire Paragraphs
Changing the alignment of a paragraph
Changing the space around the paragraph
Using Type as a Mask
Converting Type to Paths
Type Styles
Chapter 15: Printing Your Masterpiece
Printing Quickly
What You See Is Roughly What You Get
Setting Up Your Page to Print (You Hope)
Quick printing
Changing Artboard size
Printing Mechanics
Printing composite proofs
Important printing options
All about Way-Scary Separations
Separations are not in color
Printing separations
Chapter 16: Moving Files Into and Out of Illustrator
Bringing Files Into Illustrator
Deciding whether to link or embed
Managing links
Getting Files Out of Illustrator
Working with Illustrator and Photoshop
Making life easy: Copy and paste, drag and drop
Placing files
Now opening in an application near you
Exporting a graphic
Using Adobe Illustrator with Nearly Everything Else
Chapter 17: Putting Your Art on the Web
From Illustrator to the Web
Using Web colors only
Working in Pixel Preview mode
Choosing a file format
So which file format is best, already?
Creating Web-Specific Pixel Graphics
Saving a graphic as a GIF file
Saving a graphic as a JPEG file
Saving a graphic as a PNG-8 or PNG-24 file
Creating Web-Specific Vector Graphics
Saving a graphic as a Flash file
Saving a graphic as a SVG file
Slicing and Dicing Your Graphics
Part V: The Part of Tens
Chapter 18: Ten Production-Enhancing Tips
Punching Holes
Use Photoshop Effects in Illustrator!
When White Isn’t Nothing
Expanding to Get to the Root of the Artwork
Quick! Hide!
Taking a Tip from Illustrator
Changing Your Units Whenever You Want
Reusing Your Brushes, Swatches, and Libraries
Avoiding Russian Dolls
Selecting Type When You Want
Chapter 19: Ten (Or So) Ways to Customize Illustrator
Positioning Panels
The Flexible Tools Panel
Changing the Items on the Menu
Changing the Default Settings
Changing Hidden Commands You Never Knew About
Action Jackson
Sticky Settings

Illustrator® CS4 For Dummies®

by Ted Alspach

Illustrator® CS4 For Dummies®

Published byWiley Publishing, Inc.111 River St.Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774www.wiley.com

Copyright © 2009 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana

Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana

Published simultaneously in Canada

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8700. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Legal Department, Wiley Publishing, Inc., 10475 Crosspoint Blvd., Indianapolis, IN 46256, (317) 572-3447, fax (317) 572-4447, e-mail: [email protected].

Trademarks: Wiley, the Wiley Publishing logo, For Dummies, the Dummies Man logo, A Reference for the Rest of Us!, The Dummies Way, Dummies Daily, The Fun and Easy Way, Dummies.com, Making Everything Easier, and related trade dress are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the United States and other countries, and may not be used without written permission. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Wiley Publishing, Inc., is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book.

Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives or written sales materials. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation. You should consult with a professional where appropriate. Neither the publisher nor author shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages.

For general information on our other products and services or to obtain technical support, please contact our Customer Care Department within the U.S. at 800-762-2974, outside the U.S. at 317-572-3993, or fax 317-572-4002.

Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books.

Library of Congress Control Number: 2008936352

ISBN: 978-0-470-39656-8

Manufactured in the United States of America

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

About the Author

Ted Alspach is the author of more than 30 books on graphics, design, and Web publishing, including Illustrator CS4 Bible (Wiley.). Ted is also the designer of more than a dozen board games and expansions, including Rapscallion, Seismic, Start Player, and Ultimate Werewolf. Ted spent eight years at Adobe Systems, Inc. working on both Illustrator and the Creative Suite.

Dedication

To all the people who are brave enough to engage in the use of Illustrator for the first time — may this book serve as a guide to the wonders of vector graphics and the power of infinite editability and scalability.

Author’s Acknowledgments

Thanks to everyone at Wiley for helping to work toward another great edition of this book!

Publisher’s Acknowledgments

We’re proud of this book; please send us your comments through our online registration form located at www.dummies.com/register/.

Some of the people who helped bring this book to market include the following:

Acquisitions, Editorial, and Media Development

Sr. Project Editor: Paul Levesque

Executive Editor: Bob Woerner

Sr. Copy Editor: Teresa Artman

Technical Editor: Chad Perkins

Editorial Manager: Leah Cameron

Editorial Assistant: Amanda Foxworth

Sr. Editorial Assistant: Cherie Case

Cartoons: Rich Tennant (www.the5thwave.com)

Composition Services

Project Coordinator: Erin Smith

Layout and Graphics: Claudia Bell, Stacie Brooks, Carl Byers, Carrie A. Cesavice, Melanee Habig, Stephanie D. Jumper, Brent Savage, Christine Williams

Proofreader: Betty Kish

Indexer: Sherry Massey

Publishing and Editorial for Technology Dummies

Richard Swadley, Vice President and Executive Group Publisher

Andy Cummings, Vice President and Publisher

Mary C. Corder, Editorial Director

Publishing for Consumer Dummies

Diane Graves Steele, Vice President and Publisher

Composition Services

Gerry Fahey, Vice President of Production Services

Debbie Stailey, Director of Composition Services

Introduction

Welcome to Illustrator CS4 For Dummies. You’re reading this book because you want to find out more about Adobe Illustrator. That’s a very smart move because Adobe Illustrator is the industry-standard graphics software. Not only does it outsell all its competitors combined (what few of them that have not yet been crushed by the awesomeness that is Illustrator), it’s also the most powerful graphics-creation tool ever created. With Illustrator, all you need to produce graphics like the best you’ve seen in print or on the Web is knowledge and artistic ability. Artistic ability is a challenge that you can handle on your own. The other half — knowledge — is what this book is all about.

Like a tragic hero, the great power of Illustrator is also its terrible curse. With its 30+ panels, 70+ tools, and scores of menu items, its sheer depth is enough to make the most hardened graphics expert go shaky in the knees. Don’t be fooled by Illustrator’s vastness, however, because you will find a unique, consistent logic underlying it all. After you master a few basics, all the rest falls nicely into place.

The mission of this book is to get you past Illustrator’s intimidation factor and into its Wow! factor. I take you from being befuddled and mystified by Illustrator’s nigh-infinite options to creating the kinds of graphics that others look at and say, “Wow, how did you do that?”

About This Book

This book is written to make your journey into Adobe Illustrator flexible and self paced. Each chapter is as self contained as possible. You can hop in anywhere you want, with a minimum of flipping to other parts of the book to find out what you missed. If your goal is to find out more about the Pencil tool, for example, you can skip everything else and go directly to Chapter 8 without getting hopelessly lost. On the other hand, if you’re determined to find out as much about the program as possible, you can read the book from cover to cover. I organized the book so that the chapters move from simple to more complex concepts. The early chapters make a good base for understanding the latter ones.

Use this book as both a reference book and an on-site trainer for Adobe Illustrator. To find out more about a specific feature, look for it in the index or the table of contents. To get a more in-depth feel for the feature, follow the step-by-step instructions that accompany the information on the major features.

By and large, people get more out of doing than out of reading about doing. Adobe Illustrator is a classic case-in-point. Don’t bother to memorize anything in this book. Instead, pick up a concept, work with it in Illustrator for a while, and then come back to the book when you’re ready for something new. Above all, have fun with it! Adobe Illustrator is one of the coolest programs on the planet. With a little practice, you can be creating illustrations that knock your socks off.

Note: Because I realize that some folks use PCs and some folks use Macs, I try to offer commands for both Windows and Macintosh platforms. Occasionally I offer information specific to one platform or the other, including keyboard shortcuts. While you journey through this book, you’ll see that many figures (those that show you what you see on-screen) are a mixed bag of all things Mr. Gates and Mr. Jobs.

What You Don’t Need to Read

I love to think that you pore over each and every word I write. I also realize that you have a life. Feel free to skip any information that seems far afield from what you need to know. The stuff that no one should ever really have to know (but which is nonetheless utterly fascinating) is clearly labeled with a Technical Stuff icon. You’ll also run across some bonus material placed in a sidebar — a gray shaded box — that I fill with cool-to-know-but-not-imperative stuff.

Foolish Assumptions

I’m going to make just the following two basic Foolish Assumptions about you, Gentle Reader:

You have time, patience, and a strong desire to master Adobe Illustrator. Illustrator has a steep learning curve at the start; but after you get the basics, you find the program pretty straightforward. Getting over that first hump is going to take a little endurance and can get pretty frustrating at times. Be patient with yourself and the program. All shall be revealed in the fullness of time. Until then, this book is intended to help you get over that initial learning hump.

You have access to a computer with Adobe Illustrator CS4 on it. This hands-on book isn’t meant to be read like a novel. If this is your very own copy of the book, attack it with highlighters and sticky notes, scribble in some marginalia, or even force it open until it lies flat on your desk. Then — after you collect all the loose pages and glue ’em back in — you can have both hands free to work at the computer while you follow along.

How This Book Is Organized

In this book, you find 18 chapters organized in five parts. Each part reflects a major Illustrator concept; each chapter chomps a concept into easily digestible morsels. The whole thing is arranged in a logical order, so you can read straight through if you’re so inclined. Or you can jump in at any point to find the exact information you need. To help you do that, here’s an overview of what you can find in each of those five parts.

Part I: Driving People Crazy — Illustrator’s Bum Rap

Here’s where you get the absolute basics of Illustrator. What it is, what it does, and why it’s worth the effort. The wonders of blank pages, paths, and the beguiling Pen tool all make their debut here. By the time you finish this part, you have a good overview of the entire program.

Part II: Drawing and Coloring Your Artwork

This part is where the fun begins — you roll up your sleeves and start creating illustrations. Whether or not you can draw using old-fashioned paper and pencil (ewww — how 20th century), wait’ll you see what you can create with Illustrator!

Part III: Taking Your Paths to Obedience School

With Illustrator, you can really unleash your creativity. Unfortunately, unleashed creativity often results in an unruly mess. This part looks at how to tame the mess through changing parts of graphics, organizing graphics into separate layers, and using many other techniques that prove that organization and creativity are not mutually exclusive. You don’t even need a smock.

Part IV: Practically Speaking: Type, Print, and Files

Illustrator is truly a wondrous modifier of written characters, so I devote this part to working with type, and then getting your creations to print. I cover everything from the most basic formatting to complex type treatments. Stick around here, too, for the skinny on posting your art to the Web and moving files in and out of Illustrator.

Part V: The Part of Tens

No For Dummies book is complete without its Top Ten lists, and this book is no exception. Here are lots of tips to help you use Illustrator more effectively, ways to customize Illustrator (chrome hubcaps optional), and some very snazzy techniques that will make you the envy of your friends and raise you to “nemesis” level with your enemies. Save this part for dessert.

But that’s not all!: Bonus chapters

I tried and I tried but no matter how hard I squeezed, I just couldn’t fit everything into this book. (Kind of like how some people pack a steamer trunk for a weekend getaway lark.) Rather than try to skimp on all I wanted to show you, I put two extra-cool chapters on the Web for you. These two chapters cover putting your art on the Web and techniques for creating some killer effects. Check ’em out at www.dummies.com/go/illustratorcs4.

About All Those Little Icons

Scattered throughout this book you find some nifty little icons that point out bits of information that are especially useful, important, or noteworthy.

Remember helps you remember to remember. The information you find at these icons is stuff that you use on a regular basis in Illustrator. Write it down on your hand so that you can refer to it at any instant. Just don’t wash that hand! Or better yet, bookmark the page or remember the advice you find there.

Look to these icons for utterly fascinating techno-trivia that most people never need to know. This information is the kind you can drop into a conversation at a party to remind people how much smarter you are than everyone else. (Assuming that you plan to go home alone, that is.)

This bull’s-eye points out information that can help you do something faster, easier, or better; save you time and money; or make you the hero of the beach. Or at least make you a little less stressed during a production crunch!

Watch out! This impending-explosion icon means that danger lurks nearby. Heed it when directed to those things you should avoid and what things you must absolutely never do.

Road Signs along the Way

You will see some special ways I make text look in this book, such as bold print or shortcut keys or paths for how to find things. Here’s a quick legend for the road signs you should watch for.

When I ask you to type (enter) something — in a text box, for example — I make it bold. When you see a construction like this — Choose Edit⇒Paste — that means to go to the Edit menu and choose Paste from there. Keyboard shortcuts look like Ctrl+Z (Windows) or +Z (Mac).

Where to Go from Here

Illustrator is a graphics adventure waiting for you to take it on. This book is your guide for that adventure. If you’re ravenous to know everything now, you can rush through the text as fast as you can, starting with Chapter 1 and charging right through to the end. Or you can take your time, pick a point that interests you, explore it at your leisure, and then come back to a different place in the book later. Whatever works best for you, this book is your ready-willing-and-able guide for the journey. All you have to do is start your computer, launch Illustrator, turn the page, and let the adventure begin.

Part I

Driving People Crazy — Illustrator’s Bum Rap

Here you meet the main character of the book: Adobe Illustrator. You get a look at its illustrious past, its remarkable powers, its place in the universe, and (most importantly) why it will make your life approximately a million times better than it was before you used it. You probe the difference between vectors and pixels. You hover above the various parts of Illustrator and watch what they do. By the end of this part, you uncover a straightforward, easy-going, and ultimately quite logical program behind the layers of complexity that make up the exterior of Adobe Illustrator.