Infectious Disease Surveillance E-Book

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Fachliteratur
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 1842

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2013

Beschreibung

This fully updated edition of Infectious Disease Surveillance is for frontline public health practitioners, epidemiologists, and clinical microbiologists who are engaged in communicable disease control. It is also a foundational text for trainees in public health, applied epidemiology, postgraduate medicine and nursing programs. 

The second edition portrays both the conceptual framework and practical aspects of infectious disease surveillance. It is a comprehensive resource designed to improve the tracking of infectious diseases and to serve as a starting point in the development of new surveillance systems. Infectious Disease Surveillance includes over 45 chapters from over 100 contributors, and topics organized into six sections based on major themes.

Section One highlights the critical role surveillance plays in public health and it provides an overview of the current International Health Regulations (2005) in addition to successes and challenges in infectious disease eradication. 

Section Two describes surveillance systems based on logical program areas such as foodborne illnesses, vector-borne diseases, sexually transmitted diseases, viral hepatitis healthcare and transplantation associated infections. Attention is devoted to programs for monitoring unexplained deaths, agents of bioterrorism, mass gatherings, and disease associated with international travel.

Sections Three and Four explore the uses of the Internet and wireless technologies to advance infectious disease surveillance in various settings with emphasis on best practices based on deployed systems. They also address molecular laboratory methods, and statistical and geospatial analysis, and evaluation of systems for early epidemic detection.

Sections Five and Six discuss legal and ethical considerations, communication strategies and applied epidemiology-training programs. The rest of the chapters offer public-private partnerships, as well lessons from the 2009-2010 H1N1 influenza pandemic and future directions for infectious disease surveillance.

Leseprobe

Contents

Cover

Title

Copyright

Contributors

Foreword to the Second Edition

Foreword to the First Edition

Preface to Second Edition

Preface to First Edition

Acknowledgments

Weighing of the Heart

SECTION ONE: Introduction to Infectious Disease Surveillance

1 Infectious disease surveillance: a cornerstone for prevention and control

Introduction

Definition and scope of infectious disease surveillance

What happens in the absence of infectious disease surveillance?

The value of surveillance

Core infectious disease surveillance and disease-reporting systems

Additional types of surveillance systems and emerging technologies

Surveillance collaborations with partners outside traditional human public health systems

Challenges and promises for the future of infectious disease surveillance

References

2 Origins and progress in surveillance systems

Introduction

Development of the concept of surveillance

Surveillance in public health practice

Opportunities and challenges in public health surveillance

References

3.1 Use of surveillance in disease eradication efforts

Introduction

Smallpox eradication

Development of the surveillance concept

Surveillance in the smallpox program

Status of routine case detection and reporting—1967

Actions taken to improve case detection and reporting

Dissemination of information within countries

International data collection and dissemination

Conclusion

References

Additional resources

3.2 Use of surveillance in disease eradication efforts

Introduction

The parasite and international norms

The focal area strategy

Community-based surveillance in Southern Sudan

Lessons learned

Conclusion

Acknowledgments

References

3.3 Use of surveillance in disease eradication efforts

Introduction

Evolution of measles surveillance

Case-based reporting and case definitions

Case definitions

The clinical case definition

Laboratory confirmation

Quality control of measles surveillance

Challenges to surveillance for measles eradication

Future steps

References

4 Infectious disease surveillance and the International Health Regulations

Background

A brief history of the World Health Organization and the International Health Regulations

The revision of the International Health Regulations

Severe acute respiratory syndrome and the global reaction

International Health Regulations (2005) implementation, pandemic, and review: 2007–11

Surveillance-related provisions in the International Health Regulations (2005)

Role of States Parties: notification, consultation, and reports of imported and exported cases

Conclusion: the International Health Regulations (2005), implementation, the experience and the future

References

5 Supranational surveillance in the European Union

Introduction

Rationale for supranational surveillance in the European Union

History of the establishment of supranational surveillance in the European Union

The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control

Surveillance strategy of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (2007–13)

Components of supranational surveillance

Feedback and dissemination of surveillance information

Link to action

Continuous monitoring of quality and evaluation

Lessons learned and recommendations

References

SECTION TWO: Program Area Surveillance Systems

6 Active, population-based surveillance for infectious diseases

Introduction

Emerging infections programs: an overview

Definition and rationale for active, population-based surveillance

Methodology: setting up active, population-based surveillance

Key advantages and ongoing challenges of active, population-based surveillance

Examples of the use and impact of active, population-based surveillance

Summary and recommendations

References

Additional resources

7.1 Surveillance for foodborne diseases

Introduction

Objectives of foodborne disease surveillance

General methods in foodborne disease surveillance

Strategies for foodborne disease surveillance

Additional uses of surveillance data

Enhancing surveillance internationally

Recommendations for foodborne disease surveillance

Concluding remarks

References

Additional resources

7.2 Surveillance for foodborne diseases

Introduction

Outbreaks associated with an event or establishment

Outbreaks detected by pathogen-specific surveillance

Case study

Communication during outbreak investigations

Discussion and summary

References

7.3 Surveillance for foodborne diseases

Introduction

Key partnerships in surveillance for antimicrobial-resistant foodborne bacteria in the USA

Current antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods

Piloting and implementation of antimicrobial resistance surveillance in the USA

Validation and system modifications

Strengths and limitations

Case studies in antimicrobial resistance surveillance among foodborne bacteria

Lessons learned/recommendations

References

8 Surveillance for zoonotic diseases

Introduction

Overview of zoonotic diseases

Transmission

Host factors

Environmental factors

Prevention and control

Surveillance for zoonoses

Surveillance and reporting of human infections

Surveillance and reporting of animal diseases

Strategies for surveillance of zoonoses

Examples of zoonotic disease surveillance

Conclusion

References

9 Surveillance for vector-borne diseases

Introduction

Overview of vector-borne diseases

Surveillance objectives

Methods of surveillance for vector-borne diseases

Examples of vector-borne disease surveillance

Conclusion

References

Additional resources

10 Surveillance for vaccine-preventable diseases

Introduction

Surveillance related to vaccination programs

Measuring vaccine coverage

Immunologic markers of protection

Surveillance for vaccine-preventable disease morbidity

Vaccine efficacy and effectiveness

Surveillance related to new vaccine development

Vaccine probe method

Program development

Summary

References

Additional resources

11 Public health surveillance for vaccine adverse events

Introduction

Objectives of vaccine safety surveillance

Historical and public health context of vaccine safety

Definition and categorization of adverse reactions to vaccines

Overview of methods used in adverse event reporting systems

Active surveillance and epidemiologic studies

Case studies

Conclusion

Acknowledgments

References

Abbreviations

12 Seasonal and pandemic influenza surveillance

Introduction

Components of influenza surveillance

Conclusion

References

13 Surveillance for agents of bioterrorism in the USA

Introduction

Category A agents

Legal authority for bioterrorism disease surveillance

Epidemiologic clues to bioterrorism

Special considerations for agents of bioterrorism

Surveillance methods

Health department recognition of bioterrorism

Collaboration with law enforcement

Summary

References

14 Surveillance for unexplained infectious disease-related deaths

Introduction

Rationale for surveillance

Infectious disease-related death surveillance

Instituting surveillance for infectious disease-related deaths

Challenges to implementing surveillance for infectious disease-related deaths

Case studies

Summary and conclusions

Acknowledgments

References

15 Surveillance for tuberculosis

Introduction

Tuberculosis background

Rationale and objectives of tuberculosis surveillance

What are the special considerations for tuberculosis surveillance?

Methods for tuberculosis surveillance

Molecular epidemiology and its application in tuberculosis surveillance

Mortality data

Monitoring and evaluation of tuberculosis surveillance

Challenges in tuberculosis surveillance

Acknowledgments

References

16 Surveillance for healthcare-associated infections

Healthcare-associated infections: epidemiology and impact

Objectives of surveillance of healthcare-associated infections

Surveillance definitions for healthcare-associated infections

Surveillance methods for healthcare-associated infections

Surveillance of healthcare-associated infections in a facility

Surveillance of healthcare-associated infections on a national level

International comparison of surveillance data

Decrease of healthcare-associated infections by surveillance

Cost-effectiveness of surveillance of healthcare-associated infections

Computer assistance

Voluntary, confidential surveillance systems versus mandatory, public reporting

Future of healthcare-associated infection surveillance

References

17 Biovigilance: designing and implementing surveillance systems for the safety and quality of blood, organs, and tissues

Introduction

Definition of

biovigilance

Biovigilance: translating surveillance into policy

Frameworks for biovigilance implementation