Introduction to Civil Engineering Systems E-Book

Samuel Labi

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 2239

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2014

Beschreibung

This book presents an integrated systems approach to the evaluation, analysis, design, and maintenance of civil engineering systems. Addressing recent concerns about the world's aging civil infrastructure and its environmental impact, the author makes the case for why any civil infrastructure should be seen as part of a larger whole. He walks readers through all phases of a civil project, from feasibility assessment to construction to operations, explaining how to evaluate tasks and challenges at each phase using a holistic approach. Unique coverage of ethics, legal issues, and management is also included.

Leseprobe

Table of Contents

Cover

Title Page

Copyright

Dedication

Foreword

Preface

General Background

The Text

Didactic Style and Resources

ABET Requirements and Audience

Acknowledgments

Author Biography

Part I: Introduction

Chapter 1: Civil Engineering Systems and Their Evolution

1.0 Introduction

1.1 Civil Engineering Systems and Historical Developments

1.2 Civil Engineering System—The Branches

1.3 Final Comments on the Historical Evolution and Future of Civil Engineering Systems

Summary

Exercises

References

Useful Resources

Chapter 2: Fundamental Concepts in Systems Engineering

2.0 Introduction

2.1 What Is a System?

2.2 Systems Considerations in Civil Engineering

2.3 Development of Civil Engineering Systems

2.4 Some Terms and Concepts Related to Systems Thinking

2.5 Global Initiatives in the Study of Systems

Summary

Exercises

References

Useful Resources

Chapter 3: Goals and Objectives of Civil Engineering Systems

3.0 Introduction

3.1 Hierarchy of Desired Outcomes: Values, Goals, and Objectives

3.2 Common MOEs Used in Decision Making at Any Phase of System Development

3.3 Goals and MOEs at Each Phase of Civil Engineering Systems Development

3.4 Desired Properties of a Set of MOEs for a Given Analysis

3.5 Overall Discussion of Engineering Systems Goals and Objectives

Summary

Exercises

References

Useful Resources

Part II: The Tasks at Each Phase of Systems Development

Chapter 4: Tasks within the Phases of Systems Development

4.0 Introduction

4.1 The Task of Description

4.2 Traditional Tasks of Analyzing Systems in Civil Engineering

4.3 The Task of System Evaluation

4.4 The Task of Feedback between Phases

4.5 Examples of Tasks at Each Phase of Systems Development

Summary

Exercises

References

Part III: Tools Needed to Carry Out the Tasks

Chapter 5: Probability

5.0 Introduction

5.1 Set Theory

5.2 Some Basic Concepts in Probability

5.3 Random Variables

5.4 Probability Functions

5.5 Discrete Probability Distributions

5.6 Continuous Probability Distributions

5.6 Common Terminology in Probabilistic Analysis

Summary

Exercises

References

Useful Resources

Chapter 6: Statistics

6.0 Introduction

6.1 Population and Sampling

6.2 Descriptive Statistics

6.3 Inferential Statistics

6.4 Hypothesis Testing

6.5 Some Common Terminology and Concepts in Engineering Statistics

Summary

Exercises

References

Useful Resources

Chapter 7: Modeling

7.0 Introduction

7.1 Steps for Developing Statistical Models

7.3 Some Important Issues in Statistical Modeling

7.4 Glossary of Modeling Terms

Exercises

References

Useful Resources

Chapter 8: Simulation

8.0 Introduction

8.1 Simulation Terminology

8.2 Categories of Simulation

8.3 Random Number Generation

8.4 Monte Carlo Simulation

Summary

Exercises

References

Useful Resources

Chapter 9: Optimization

9.0 Introduction

9.1 Unconstrained Optimization Using Calculus

9.2 Constrained Optimization Using Calculus

9.3 Constrained Optimization Using Mathematical Programming Techniques

9.4 Constrained Optimization Involving Binary Decision Variables

9.5 Search for the Optimal Solution—Quicker and Efficient Techniques

9.6 Discussions and Final Comments

Summary

Exercises

References

Chapter 10: Cost Analysis

10.0 Introduction

10.1 System Cost Classifications

10.2 Costs Incurred by System Owner/Operator

10.3 Costs Incurred by the System User

10.4 Costs Incurred by the Community

10.5 System Costs Categorized by Phase of System Development

10.6 Average and Marginal Cost Concepts

10.7 Cost Estimation at the Construction Phase

10.8 Issues in Systems Costing

Summary

Exercises

References

Useful Resources

Chapter 11: Economic Analysis

11.0 Introduction

11.1 Basic Concepts in Economic Analysis

11.2 Interest Formulas (or Equivalence Equations)

11.3 Criteria for Economic Analysis

11.4 Discussion of Relative Merits of the Economic Efficiency Criteria

11.5 Effect of Evaluation Parameters on the Evaluation Outcome

11.6 Effect of Analysis Period on Systems Evaluation

11.7 Perpetuity Considerations

11.8 Some Key Considerations in Monetary LCCA

11.9 Economic Efficiency Analysis—Issues and Limitations

Summary

Exercises

References

Useful Resources

Chapter 12: Multiple-Criteria Analysis

12.0 Introduction

12.1 Framework for MCDM Analysis Using Multiattribute Utility Theory

12.2 Establishing the Weights of Decision Criteria

12.3 Scaling of the Decision Criteria

12.4 Amalgamation

12.5 Prefrence versus Nonpreference Approaches for Weighting, Scaling, or Amalgamation (WSA)

Summary

Exercises

REFERENCES AND RESOURCES

Useful Resources

Appendix 12.1

Chapter 13: Risk and Reliability

13.0 Introduction

13.1 Certainty, Risk, and Uncertainty

13.2 Uncertainties in System Development

13.3 The Management of Risks and Uncertainties

13.4 The Basics of Reliability

13.5 Common Contexts of Reliability Analysis in Civil Engineering

13.6 Laboratory and Field Testing of System Reliability

13.7 Reliability-Based Design of Civil Engineering Systems

13.8 System Reliability and System Resilience

Summary

Exercises

References

Useful Resources

Chapter 14: System Dynamics

14.0 Introduction

14.1 Some Basic Concepts In System Dynamics

14.2 Variable versus Time (VVT) Patterns in System Dynamics Modeling

14.3 Causal Loop Diagrams (the Concept of Feedback)

14.4 Stocks and Flows

14.5 Framework for Systems Dynamics Analysis

14.6 Some Past Applications of Systems Dynamics at Civil System Development Phases

14.7 Chaos Theory

Summary

Exercises

References

Useful Resources

Chapter 15: Real Options Analysis

15.0 Introduction

15.1 Real Options Taxonomy

15.2 Categories of Real Options

15.3 Valuing Flexibility in Real Options Analysis

15.4 Real Options Case Examples In Civil Engineering

15.5 Numerical Example

Summary

Exercise

References

Useful Resources

Chapter 16: Decision Analysis

16.0 Introduction

16.1 General Contexts of Decision Making

16.2 Basic Process of Decision Making and Relevant Tools

16.3 Classification of Decision Models

16.4 Decision Making Associated with Uncertainty

16.5 Inputs for Uncertainty-Based Decision Making

16.6 Decisions under Risk

16.7 Decisions under Uncertainty

16.8 Other Techniques for Modeling Decisions

16.9 Impact of Decision-Maker's Risk Preferences on Decision Making

Summary

Exercise

References

Chapter 17: Network Analysis Tools

17.0 Introduction

17.1 Fundamentals of Graph Theory

17.2 Trees, Spanning Trees, and Minimum Spanning Trees

17.3 Shortest Path through a Network

17.4 Maximum Flow Problem

17.5 Locating Facilities on Civil Engineering Networks

17.6 Network Connectivity

17.7 Optimal Coverage of Networks

17.8 Optimal Shipping across Origin–Destination (O–D) Pairs in a Network

17.9 Network Applications in Project Management

Summary

Exercises

References

Useful Resources

Chapter 18: Queuing Analysis

18.0 Introduction

18.1 Attributes of a Queuing Process

18.2 Performance of Queuing Processes

18.3 Role of Markov Chains in Queuing Analysis

18.4 Notations for Describing Queuing Processes

18.5 Analysis of Selected Queuing Process Configurations

18.6 Concluding Remarks on Queuing Analysis

Summary

Exercises

References

Useful Resources

Part IV: The Phases of Systems Development

Chapter 19: The Needs Assessment Phase

19.0 Introduction

19.1 Assessment of System Needs

19.2 Mechanisms for Assessing System Needs

19.3 Assessing System Needs Using User-Targeted Mechanisms

19.4 Assessing Long-Term System Needs via Demand and Supply Trends

19.5 Optimal Scheduling of Supply—Mathematical Derivations

19.6 Some Issues and Considerations in Needs Assessment

Summary

Exercises

References

Useful Resources

Chapter 20: Systems Planning

20.0 Introduction

20.1 Brief History of Civil Systems Planning

20.2 Dimensions (Perspectives) of Civil System Planning

20.3 Rationale and Impetus for System Planning

20.4 Evolving and Emerging Contexts of Systems Planning

20.5 Principles of Civil Systems Planning

20.6 System Planning Process

20.7 Barriers to Effective Planning

20.8 Computations in Civil Systems Planning

Summary

Exercises

References

Useful Resources

Chapter 21: System Design

21.0 Introduction

21.1 Classifications of Engineering Design

21.2 Engineering Design Process

21.3 Applications of Systems Design in Selected Areas of Civil Engineering

21.4 Considerations in Civil Engineering Systems Design

21.5 Design Failures in Civil Engineering

21.6 Some Design Computations

21.7 Summary

Exercises

References

Useful Resources

Chapter 22: Systems Construction

22.0 Introduction

22.1 Stages of the System Construction Phase

22.2 Project Delivery Options and Contracting Approaches

22.3 Construction Cost Analysis