Introduction to Physiology of Thermoregulation E-Book

NOOR AZLINA ABU BAKAR

• Herausgeber: BookRix
• Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
• Sprache: Englisch

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2020

Beschreibung

Human is homeotherm that maintains the body temperature within a narrow range despite the large changes in environmental temperature. This successive control is important for optimal enzymatic reaction in the body and at the same time provides an ideal environment for cells and organs to function.

We, human, is also an endotherm that generates our own internal heat, in response to external and internal environments.

The core body temperature or the internal temperature in the organ for a human is 37°C or 98°F and ranged with the standard deviation of 0.2°C. The different temperature obtained from different part of the body.

Authors like to draw the reader to understand the physiology of human thermoregulation. This book will elaborate on the mechanism of maintaining the body temperature in response to the external and internal environment.

Leseprobe

NOOR AZUIN SULIMAN, NOOR AZLINA ABU BAKAR

Introduction to Physiology of Thermoregulation

BookRix GmbH & Co. KG81371 Munich

Copyright

 All rights reserved. It is not allowed to reproduce any part of this writing in any form and in any way whether electronically, photocopying, mechanical, recording or anything else without the permission of the authors. To request permission, please contact Noor Azuin at No.39, Felda Bukit Aping Barat, 81900 Kota Tinggi, Johor, Malaysia, via email at [email protected].

Disclaimer

Disclaimer

Knowledge in Science, Medical and Physiology, especially, are constantly changing. The authors also do not guarantee that the content is suitable for the reader but all the content is through the authors’ own expertise. The readers are advised to check the current information.

Acknowledgement

Acknowledgement:

Author 1

Name: Noor Azuin Binti Suliman

Author 2

Name: Noor Azlina Binti Abu Bakar

Author 3

Name: Nor Hidayah Binti Abu Bakar

Content

Content

Introduction                                                  

Functional structure                                        

Stimulus transduction                                     

Anterolateral system                                       

Thermoregulation                                           

Heat production                                              

Heat loss                                                         

Hyperthermia                                                  

References                                                       

Introduction

INTRODUCTION

Human is homeotherm that maintains the body temperature within a narrow range despite the large changes in environmental temperature. This successive control is important for optimal enzymatic reaction in the body and at the same time provides an ideal environment for cells and organs to function.

We, human, is also an endotherm that generates our own internal heat, in response to external and internal environments.

The core body temperature or the internal temperature in the organ for the human is 37°C or 98°F and ranged with the standard deviation of 0.2°C. The different temperature obtained from different part of the body.

Authors like to draw the reader to understand the physiology of human thermoregulation. This book will elaborate on the mechanism of maintaining the body temperature in response to the external and internal environment.

Functional structures

Functional structures

Hypothalamus

Body temperature is regulated by the hypothalamus, an organ lies ventral to the thalamus.

It contains the centre that helps in controlling the body temperature, food intake and water balance.

It is an endocrine gland that controls the hormone secretion of the pituitary glands

Nerve fibres

Nerve fibres can be classified into two systems; alphabetical and numerical systems.

The alphabetical system is used for sensory and motor neuron. The myelinated A-nerve fibres are the largest fibre in diameter, which has the fastest relative conduction velocity. The myelinated A-delta (Aδ) nerve fibres conduct the signal of touch, pressure, fast pain and temperature.

The numerical system is used for sensory nerve fibre only. The myelinated I is the largest sensory nerve in diameter. The myelinated III and unmyelinated IV are the sensory nerves responsible for conducting temperature.

Classification of nerve fibre for temperature.

Thermoreceptors

The signal of temperature is detected by the sensory receptor. There are two types of receptors; thermoreceptor and nociceptor.

Classification of the sensory receptor.

The thermoreceptor located in the skin; thus, it detects the temperature changes of the skin. The cold and warm receptors are responded to the temperature changes on the skin.

Respond of thermoreceptor to skin temperature.

The cold and warm receptors are activated in the moderate temperature which is around 36°C. If the temperature of the skin exceeds 42°C to the damaging levels, the warm receptor becomes inactive, thus the receptors do not transmit the warm signal. Instead, the polymodal nociceptor will be activated to sign the pain.