iPhone Application Development For Dummies E-Book

Neal Goldstein

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 526

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2012

Beschreibung

Start building iPhone apps today with this friendly guide, nowin full color! Whether you're a beginning programmer who wants to build yourfirst app or a professional developer looking to leverage themarketing power of the iPhone SDK, this book will help. It walksyou through the basics for building a variety of iOS applicationsusing Apple developer tools and covers the essential steps forcreating apps that get accepted into the App Store. This newedition covers all the latest information, including key updates toiPad universal code and tips on developing specifically for mobileapps. Full-color illustrations make it easier to see exactly whatwill appear on your screen. * Walks you through the fundamentals of developing a variety ofapplications for the iPhone * Shows you how to use Apple's developer tools * Delves into getting your apps into the App Store and sellingthem * Addresses the universal code feature that allows you to developapps and port them from the iPhone to the iPad and back * Covers the latest updates for the iPad universal code and thenew iPhone SDK No matter what your level of expertise may be, you'll be able toleverage the power of the iOS SDK with the advice in thisfull-color book. Note: Apple's iOS SDK tools are onlyaccessible on Intel-powered Mac and MacBookdevices.

Leseprobe

iPhone Application Development For Dummies®, 4th Edition

Visit www.dummies.com/cheatsheet/iphoneapplicationdevelopment to view this book's cheat sheet.

Table of Contents

Introduction

About This Book

Conventions Used in This Book

Foolish Assumptions

How This Book Is Organized

Part I: Getting Started

Part II: Working with the Storyboard and User Interface

Part III: Understanding the Wiring and Plumbing

Part IV: Finishing the Basic Application Structure

Part V: Adding the Application Content

Part VI: The Part of Tens

Icons Used in This Book

Where to Go from Here

Part I: Getting Started

Chapter 1: Creating Compelling Mobile Applications

Welcome to Mobile 2.0

What Makes Mobile Devices So Compelling?

Zero degrees of separation

Enhancing mobility

Increasing the quality of life

The Device Itself Engages the User

The sense of freedom that comes with mobility

The technology disappears

The aesthetics

It’s extensible

Exploiting the Device Features to Create a Great Application

Personal stuff

Accessing the Internet

Maps and location and orientation and movement

Communication

Device-Driven Design

iPhone strengths and weaknesses

iPad strengths and weaknesses

Creating Your Own Applications

iPhone applications

iPad applications

An Application Ecosystem

Enter the Cloud

Developing an App the Right Way Using the Example App in this Book

Chapter 2: Getting to Know the SDK

Developing Using the SDK

Using XCode to Develop an App

Creating an Xcode project

Developing the application

The Workspace Window

Workspace areas

Displaying an area’s content

The toolbar and Tab bar

The Organizer window

Chapter 3: The Nuts and Bolts of an Xcode Project

Creating Your Project

Exploring Your Project

The Project

The Project Editor

The Project navigator

Preferences Galore! Setting Your Xcode Preferences

Building and Running Your Application

Building an app

The Log navigator

Running in the Simulator

Interacting with simulated hardware

Making gestures

Uninstalling apps and resetting your device

Living with Simulator’s limitations

Adding an Application Icon

Standard and retina display images

Adding the icon

Run your project

Part II: Working with the Storyboard and User Interface

Chapter 4: Storyboards and the User Experience

Introducing the Storyboard

Defining What You Want an Application to Do: The RoadTrip Application

Creating the Application Architecture

Using Frameworks

Using Design Patterns

The iOS design patterns

The Model-View-Controller (MVC) design pattern

Working with Windows and Views

Looking out the window

Admiring the view

The kinds of views you use

View Controllers — the Main Storyboard Player

What About the Model?

It’s Not That Neat

Taking a Look at Other Frameworks

The Foundation framework

The Core Graphics framework

Even more frameworks

Understanding How the MVC Model Is Expressed in the Project

Chapter 5: Creating the RoadTrip User Interface Using the Storyboard

Creating Your User Interface in the Storyboard

It’s about the view controller

Using Interface Builder to add the user elements

Working within the Utility Area

Inspector and Quick Help pane

Library pane

Understanding the Navigation Controller

Adding the Navigation Controller

Adding an identifier to the view controller

Adding the User Interface Objects

Part III: Understanding the Wiring and Plumbing

Chapter 6: Adding Outlets and Actions to Your RoadTrip Code

Understanding Outlets

Adding Outlets

Opening the Assistant editor

Creating the outlet

The Connections inspector

Working with the Target-Action Design Pattern

Using the Target-Action pattern: It’s about controls

Adding an action

How Outlets and Actions Work

Chapter 7: Understanding the Runtime, Managing Memory, and Using Properties

Stepping Through the App Life Cycle

UIApplicationMain

Handling events while your application is executing

Knowing what to do when the normal processing of your application is interrupted

An Overview of the View Controller Life Cycle

Working within the Managed Memory Model Design Pattern

Understanding memory management

Using reference counting

Automatic Reference Counting

Rule 1: Do not call the retain, release, or autorelease methods

Rule 2: Do not store object pointers in C structures

Rule 3: Inform the compiler about ownership when using Core Foundation-style objects

Rule 4: Use the @autoreleasepool keyword to mark the start of an autorelease block

Rule 5: Follow the naming conventions

Working with variable types according to ARC

Understanding the deadly retain cycle

Observing Low-Memory Warnings

The viewDidUnloadmethod

The didReceiveMemoryWarning method

applicationDidReceiveMemoryWarning:

UIApplicationDidReceiveMemoryWarning Notification: notification

Picking the right memory-management strategy for your application

Customizing the Behavior of Framework Classes

Subclassing

The Delegation pattern

Understanding Declared Properties

What comprises a declared property

Using dot syntax

Setting attributes for a declared property

Writing your own accessors

Accessing instance variables with accessors

Hiding Instance Variables

Part IV: Finishing the Basic Application Structure

Chapter 8: Working with the Source Editor

Navigating in the Xcode Source Editors

Using the Jump bar

Organizing your code using the #pragma mark statement

Using the Xcode Source Editor

Using Live Issues and Fix-it

Compiler warnings

The Issue navigator

Accessing Documentation

Getting Xcode help

The Organizer window

The Help menu

Finding and Searching in Your Project

Using the Find command to locate an item in a file

Using the Search navigator to search your project or framework

Using the Symbol Navigator

You’re Finally Ready to Code!

Chapter 9: It’s (Finally) Time to Code

Checking for Network Availability

Downloading the Reachability sample

Adding the code to check for reachability

Sprucing Up the Main View

Understanding Autorotation

Writing Bug-Free Code

Working in the Debug Area and Debug Navigator

Managing breakpoints

What you find in the Debug area

What you find in the Debug navigator

Displaying variables in the Source editor

Tiptoeing through your program

Chapter 10: Adding Animation and Sound to Your App

Understanding Animation on the iPhone

View geometry and coordinate systems

Points versus pixels

A view’s size and position

Animating a View

Finally, More Code

Implementing the testDrive Method

Understanding Blocks

Rotating the Object

Working with Audio on the iPhone

Tracking Touches

Animating a Series of Images “In Place”

Chapter 11: Finishing the Basic Application Structure

Extending the Storyboard to Add More Functionality to Your App

Adding the Remaining Elements You Need in Your Storyboard

Add a Gesture Recognizer

Chapter 12: The Trip Model

What’s in the Model

Adding the Model Data

Using property lists

Adding a property list to your project

Adding the First Model Class

Understanding the Trip Interface

Implementing the Trip Class

Initializing objects

Invoking the superclass’s init method

Initializing instance variables

Returning self

Initializing the Destination Class

Creating the Trip object

More Debugger Stuff

Chapter 13: Implementing the Content Controller

Using Custom View Controllers

Adding the custom view controller

Setting up the ContentController in the MainStoryboard

Add a Background Image and Title

Part V: Adding the Application Content

Chapter 14: How’s the Weather? Working with Web Views

Setting Up the Weather Controller

Adding the custom view controller

Setting up the WeatherController in the MainStoryboard File

The Weather Controller

Managing links in a Web view

More Opportunities to Use the Debugger

Unrecognized selector sent to instance . . .

NSUnknownKeyException

Chapter 15: Displaying Events Using a Page View Controller

Setting Up the Events Controller

Adding the custom view controller

Setting up the EventsController in the MainStoryboard

Adding and Setting up the EventPageController in the MainStoryboard

Extending the Trip Model

Adding the Events Class

The EventsController and Its PageViewController

Data sources and delegates

Data source

Delegate

The EventsController

The EventPageController

Chapter 16: Finding Your Way

Setting Up the Map Controller

Adding the custom view controller

Setting up the MapController in the MainStoryboard

Putting MapKit through Its Paces

MKMapView

Enhancing the map

Changing the Map Type

Adding Annotations

Creating the annotation

Displaying the annotations

Going to the Current Location

Chapter 17: Geocoding

Understanding Geocoding on the iPhone

Reverse Geocoding

Chapter 18: Selecting a Destination

Adding the DestinationController

Adding the custom view controller

Adding and setting up the DestinationController in the MainStoryboard

Adding a Modal View

Table views

Creating the Table View

Adding sections

Displaying the cell

Working with user selections

Handling the Destination the First Time RoadTrip is Launched

A Word about Adding Settings

What’s Next?

Part VI: The Part of Tens

Chapter 19: Ten Ways to Extend the RoadTrip App

Add Preferences

Cache Data

Monitor the Current Location’s Distance from the Destination

Post to Facebook and Twitter

Send Postcards from the Road

Add Hotels and Reservations

Create an Itinerary

Make the App Part of an Application Ecosystem

It’s Never Early Enough to Start Speaking a Foreign Language

Some Implementation Enhancements

Chapter 20: Ten Ways to Be a Happy Developer

Keep Things Loosely Coupled

Remember Memory

Don’t Reinvent the Wheel

Understand State Transitions

Do the Right Thing at the Right Time

Avoid Mistakes in Error Handling

Use Storyboards

Remember the User

Keep in Mind that the Software Isn’t Finished Until the Last User Is Dead

Keep It Fun

Cheat Sheet

iPhone® Application Development For Dummies®, 4th Edition

by Neal Goldstein

iPhone® Application Development For Dummies®, 4th Edition

Published byJohn Wiley & Sons, Inc.111 River St.Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774

www.wiley.com

Copyright © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

Published simultaneously in Canada

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Library of Congress Control Number: 2011946310

ISBN 978-1-118-09134-0 (pbk); ISBN 978-1-118-22333-8 (ebk); ISBN 978-1-118-23680-2 (ebk); ISBN 978-1-118-26173-6 (ebk)

Manufactured in the United States of America

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About the Author

Neal Goldstein is a recognized leader in making state-of-the-art and cutting-edge technologies practical for commercial and enterprise development. He was one of the first technologists to work with commercial developers at firms such as Apple Computer, Lucasfilm, and Microsoft to develop commercial applications using object-based programming technologies. He was a pioneer in moving that approach into the corporate world for developers at Liberty Mutual Insurance, USWest (now Verizon), National Car Rental, EDS, and Continental Airlines, showing them how object-oriented programming could solve enterprise-wide problems. His book (with Jeff Alger) on object-oriented development, Developing Object-Oriented Software for the Macintosh (Addison Wesley, 1992), introduced the idea of scenarios and patterns to developers. He was an early advocate of the Microsoft .NET framework, and he successfully introduced it into many enterprises, including Charles Schwab. He was one of the earliest developers of Service Oriented Architecture (SOA), and as Senior Vice President of Advanced Technology and the Chief Architect at Charles Schwab, he built an integrated SOA solution that spanned the enterprise, from desktop PCs to servers to complex network mainframes. (He holds four patents as a result.) As one of IBM’s largest customers, he introduced the folks at IBM to SOA at the enterprise level and encouraged them to head in that direction.

Since the release of the iPhone SDK in March 2008, he has been focusing on mobile application. He has eight applications in the App Store. These include a series of Travel Photo Guides (http://travelphotoguides.com), developed with his partners at mobilefortytwo, and a Digital Field Guides series (http://lp.wileypub.com/DestinationDFGiPhoneApp), developed in partnership with John Wiley & Sons. He also has a free app called Expense Diary that allows you to keep track of things like expenses, mileage, and time by adding them to your calendar.

He has developed mobile strategies for a number of businesses ranging from National Cinemedia to the American Automobile Association (AAA). His strategies focus on Mobile 2.0 — integrating mobile across the enterprise, creating a consistent user experience across devices and applications in an application ecosystem, and developing a user experience architecture that both leverages, and is constrained by, the device. He has spent the last three years working with mobile device users and developers to determine what makes mobile devices so appealing, what users want from an application on a phone or tablet, and what makes an app compelling. These efforts have resulted in the Application Ecosystem model for mobile applications and an underlying Model Application Controller Architecture based on web services that has become a key element in his client work and his books.

Along with those apps and his consulting, he has written several books on iPhone programming, iPhone Application Development For Dummies (multiple editions) (Wiley), Objective-C For Dummies (Wiley), and he co-authored (with Tony Bove) iPad Application Development For Dummies (including multiple editions) (Wiley) and iPhone Application Development All-in-One For Dummies (Wiley). He’s also the primary author (with Jon Manning and Paris Buttfield-Addison) of iPhone & iPad Game Development For Dummies.

Dedication

To my wife, Linda. Without her, I never would have been able to write 11 books in the last three years. She deserves special recognition for her support and patience and for maintaining her (and my) sense of humor. I’ve got to be the luckiest guy in the world. Thank you.

Author’s Acknowledgments

Thanks to my friend Jeff Elias for the San Francisco and Yosemite photographs used in the RoadTrip application.

There is no better Acquisitions Editor than Katie Feltman, who does a superb job of keeping me on track and doing whatever she needs to do to allow me to stay focused on the writing. Thanks also to Project Editor Susan Christophersen and Tech Editor Dave Diamond.

Thanks again to my agent Carole Jelen for her continued work and support in putting and keeping these projects together.

Publisher’s Acknowledgments

We’re proud of this book; please send us your comments at http://dummies.custhelp.com. For other comments, please contact our Customer Care Department within the U.S. at 877-762-2974, outside the U.S. at 317-572-3993, or fax [phone].

Some of the people who helped bring this book to market include the following:

Acquisitions, Editorial, and Vertical Websites

Project Editor: Susan Christophersen

Acquisitions Editor: Katie Feltman

Technical Editor: Dave Diamond

Editorial Manager: Jodi Jensen

Vertical Websites: Rich Graves

Editorial Assistant: Amanda Graham

Sr. Editorial Assistant: Cherie Case

Cover Photos: © iStockphoto.com / Alwyn Cooper

Cartoons: Rich Tennant (www.the5thwave.com)

Composition Services

Project Coordinator: Sheree Montgomery

Layout and Graphics: Joyce Haughey, Sennett V. Johnson

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Publishing and Editorial for Technology Dummies

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Composition Services

Debbie Stailey, Director of Composition Services

Part I

Getting Started

So you’ve decided you want to develop some software for the iPhone. You have a good idea for a utility — one that lets you know where and when the next piece of space junk will crash into earth, or one that acts as a data-driven application (say, one that knows where to find the best pizza in Silicon Valley). Now what?

This part of the book lays out what you need to know to get started on the development journey. First, what makes a great iPhone application? Knowing that, you can evaluate your idea, see how it ranks, and maybe figure out what you have to do to transform it into something that knocks your users’ socks off.

This part shows you how to use the iPhone Software Development Kit (SDK), which includes Xcode — your home away from home when you are developing your app. You also find out how to create an Xcode project, within which you code and then build and run your app.

Chapter 1

Creating Compelling Mobile Applications

In This Chapter

Knowing what makes mobile devices so appealing

Understanding the strengths and weaknesses of mobile devices

Assessing the right application for the right device — the “Application Ecosystem”

The last time I looked, it seemed as though every developer with an iPhone and a Macintosh had developed an application and put it in the store.

Okay, I exaggerate a bit, but not by much.

But creating a successful mobile app today is a lot different from how it was when Apple first opened the iPhone to third-party developers in March 2008. And being late to this party (as opposed to being an underdressed Californian racing to catch the last flight out of New York on a bitterly cold night) may actually be a good thing. A fairly clear picture is emerging of where things are heading based on what users want and need, and having that picture is a great position to be in when you’re developing applications.

In this chapter, I explain what you need to understand about iPhone applications (and mobile applications in general) and what you need to think about before you go out and develop a new app.

Welcome to Mobile 2.0

Like the World Wide Web, mobile applications are evolving at breakneck speeds. Users are demanding, and developers are creating, new kinds of applications all the time. These Mobile 2.0 applications are optimized for the mobile experience and integrated with web and desktop applications to create a seamless and consistent user experience across devices.