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Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
Kategorie: Fachliteratur
Sprache: Englisch

Beschreibung

This book is a state-of-the-art reference to using surgical lasers to treat animal patients. Encompassing theory and practice, it emphasizes procedures, techniques, and equipment, with specific recommendations for laser settings. While most of the procedures emphasize surgeries on dogs and cats, this practical guide also dedicates chapters to equine, small mammal, avian, aquatic animal, and reptile surgeries, making it an excellent clinical reference for any busy veterinarian.

The book begins with background information on the theory and science of laser surgery, then details specific surgical procedures with step-by-step instructions and accompanying photographs. The next section provides practical guidance for incorporating lasers into the veterinary practice, and the final section offers a look at the future of lasers in veterinary medicine and surgery. A companion website features video clips of surgery procedures.

Presents a state-of-the-art guide to using laser surgery in veterinary practice, from theory and procedures to techniques and equipment
Focuses on dogs and cats, including specialties such as ophthalmic laser surgery, laser neurosurgery, and photodynamic therapy, with chapters on equine, small mammal, avian, aquatic animal, and reptile surgeries
Draws on the experience of more than 20 experts in various areas
Provides practical advice for incorporating laser surgery into the veterinary practice, with the heart of the book devoted to specific surgical procedures
Includes specific recommendations for laser settings and techniques for the procedures discussed
Offers video clips demonstrating surgical techniques on a companion website

Laser Surgery in Veterinary Medicine is an essential resource for anyone using surgical lasers in veterinary medicine, including veterinary students, practitioners, and specialists.

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Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2019

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Cover

Dedication and Acknowledgments

About the Editor

Foreword

References

Preface

References

List of Contributors

Disclaimer

About the Companion Website

Part I: The Science of Laser Surgery

1 Laser Physics and Equipment

Introduction

Creating Laser Light

Practical Surgical Lasers

References

2 Understanding and Utilizing Power Density

Introduction

A Power Density Parable

Laser Beam Geometry

Power Density's Effect on Tissue

Altering Power Density

Summary of the Importance of Power Density

3 Laser–Tissue Interaction

Introduction

Basic Principles

Methods of Laser–Tissue Disruption

Select Your Laser

The Virtue of Selecting High Power Density

Surgical Lasers and Proper Technique

References

4 The Ideal Laser Scalpel

Introduction

Laser Light Absorption by Biological Tissues

Soft Tissue Ablation and Coagulation

Summary

References

5 Combining Laser Surgery with Laser Therapy (Photobiomodulation)

Introduction

The Science and Physiology of Laser Therapy

Optimal Parameters for Laser Therapy

General Guidelines

Treatment Techniques

Specific Recommendations

Conclusion

References

6 Laser Safety in the Operating Theater

Introduction

Government Regulations and ANSI Standards

Laser Safety Officer

Maximum Permissible Exposure and Safeguarding the Nominal Hazard Zone

Record‐keeping

Conclusion

References

Part II: Laser Surgery in Canines and Felines

7 Elective Laser Surgery Procedures

Canine and Feline Laser Orchiectomy, Ovariohysterectomy, and Ovariectomy

Feline Onychectomy

References

8 Oral Laser Surgery Procedures

Introduction

Canine and Feline Oral Conditions Aided with Laser Energy

References

List of Tables

Chapter 3

Table 3.1 Relative absorption of laser wavelengths by different chromophores and...

Table 3.2 Methods of laser–tissue disruption and their relative power densities ...

Table 3.3 Three categories of surgical lasers based on their absorption coeffici...

Chapter 7

Table 7.1 Canine orchiectomy.

Table 7.2 Canine ovariohysterectomy.

Table 7.3 Feline orchiectomy.

Table 7.4 Feline ovariohysterectomy.

Table 7.5 Feline onychectomy.

Chapter 8

Table 8.1 Feline oropharyngeal inflammation – stomatitis.

Table 8.2 Contact mucositis and contact mucosal ulceration.

Table 8.3 Gingivoplasty.

Table 8.4 Gingivectomy.

Table 8.5 Operculectomy.

Table 8.6 Tongue surface surgery.

Table 8.7 Gum chewer's lesions.

Table 8.8 Oral mass excision.

Table 8.9 Frenectomy.

Table 8.10 Periodontal pocket surgery.

Chapter 9

Table 9.1 Elongated soft palate.

Table 9.2 Stenotic nares.

Table 9.3 Everted laryngeal saccules.

Table 9.4 Tonsillectomy.

Chapter 10

Table 10.1 Cerumen glands.

Table 10.2 Apocrine cysts.

Table 10.3 Nasopharyngeal polyps.

Table 10.4 Myringotomy.

Table 10.5 Stenotic ear canals.

Table 10.6 Aural hematoma.

Chapter 11

Table 11.1 Distichiasis.

Table 11.2 NonIncisional laser entropion surgery.

Table 11.3 Incisional laser entropion surgery.

Table 11.4 Lagophthalmos.

Table 11.5 Nasal facial fold trichiasis.

Table 11.6 Cherry eye.

Table 11.7 Eyelid neoplasia.

Chapter 12

Table 12.1 Typical settings for transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (TSCP).

Table 12.2 Typical settings for micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (m...

Table 12.3 Typical settings for endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation (ECP).

Chapter 13

Table 13.1 Actinic keratosis.

Table 13.2 Bowenoid in situ carcinoma.

Table 13.3 Pigmented viral plaques.

Table 13.4 Squamous cell carcinoma.

Table 13.5 Follicular tumors.

Table 13.6 Hamartomas.

Table 13.7 Interdigital follicular cysts.

Table 13.8 Elbow follicular cysts.

Table 13.9 Sebaceous gland tumors.

Table 13.10 Ceruminous (apocrine) cystomatosis.

Table 13.11 External ear hyperplasia.

Chapter 14

Table 14.1 Canine vasectomy.

Table 14.2 Cryptorchid orchiectomy.

Table 14.3 Paraphimosis.

Table 14.4 Vulvoplasty.

Table 14.5 Anal gland excision.

Table 14.6 Urethral prolapse.

Table 14.7 Vaginal prolapse.

Table 14.8 Feline perineal urethrostomy.

Table 14.9 Canine perineal urethrostomy.

Table 14.10 Cystotomy.

Chapter 15

Table 15.1 Cutaneous neoplasms.

Table 15.2 Subcutaneous neoplasms.

Table 15.3 Oral tumors.

Table 15.4 Thyroidectomy.

Chapter 16

Table 16.1 Photodynamic therapy of neoplasms.

Table 16.2 Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy.

Chapter 17

Table 17.1 Rhinoscopic laser intervention.

Table 17.2 Endobronchial mass resection.

Table 17.3 Everted laryngeal saccule resection.

Table 17.4 Aural mass resection and ablation.

Table 17.5 Myringotomy.

Table 17.6 Esophageal stricture resection.

Table 17.7 Esophageal mass debulking.

Table 17.8 Gastric mass resection and debulking.

Table 17.9 Transurethral resection of neoplasia (TURN).

Table 17.10 Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).

Table 17.11 Persistent mesonephric remnant resection.

Table 17.12 Ectopic ureter correction.

Table 17.13 Lithotripsy.

Chapter 18

Table 18.1 PLDA.

Chapter 19

Table 19.1 Equine cornea, sclera, and eyelid mass removal.

Table 19.2 Equine sarcoid or skin mass (resection).

Table 19.3 Equine sarcoid or skin mass (ablation).

Table 19.4 Equine sarcoid or skin mass (incisional removal).

Table 19.5 Dorsal pharyngeal, subepiglottic, intrauterine, sinus cysts.

Table 19.6 Ablation of progressive ethmoid hematoma and benign masses.

Table 19.7 Palatoplasty (dorsal displacement of the soft palate).

Table 19.8 Entrapment of the epiglottis.

Table 19.9 Ventricle ablation.

Table 19.10 Ventriculocordectomy.

Chapter 20

Table 20.1 Rabbit orchiectomy.

Table 20.2 Rabbit ovariohysterectomy.

Table 20.3 Rabbit abscess.

Table 20.4 Rabbit mass removal.

Table 20.5 Rabbit cystotomy.

Table 20.6 Rodent orchiectomy.

Table 20.7 Rodent ovariohysterectomy.

Table 20.8 Rodent abscess.

Table 20.9 Rodent and hedgehog mass removal.

Table 20.10 Rodent (guinea pig) cystotomy.

Table 20.11 Prairie dog orchiectomy.

Table 20.12 Ferret orchiectomy.

Table 20.13 Ferret ovariohysterectomy.

Table 20.14 Ferret adrenalectomy.

Table 20.15 Ferret insulinoma removal.

Table 20.16 Ferret anal sacculectomy.

Table 20.17 Sugar glider orchiectomy.

Table 20.18 Sugar glider abscess.

Table 20.19 Sugar glider mass removal.

Table 20.20 Pot‐bellied pig orchiectomy.

Table 20.21 Potbellied pig OHE.

Table 20.22 Reptile orchiectomy.

Table 20.23 Reptile ovariosalpingectomy.

Table 20.24 Reptile ear abscess.

Table 20.25 Reptile cystotomy.

Table 20.26 Reptile oral mass removal.

Table 20.27 Reptile abdominal and cutaneous mass removal.

Table 20.28 Reptile limb and tail amputation and repair.

Table 20.29 Avian orchiectomy.

Table 20.30 Avian ovariosalpingectomy.

Chapter 21

Table 21.1 Sea turtle fibropapilloma tumor scoring system: green sea turtles aff...

Table 21.2 General laser settings for fibropapillomatosis tumors.

Table 21.3 Laser settings for periocular fibropapillomatosis tumors.

Table 21.4 Laser settings for FP tumors near bone.

Appendix C

Table C.1 Chapter 7: Canine and feline elective laser surgery procedures.

Table C.2 Chapter 8: Canine and feline oral laser surgery procedures.

Table C.3 Chapter 9: Canine and feline laser surgery procedures of the nose and ...

Table C.4 Chapter 10: Canine and feline laser surgery procedures of the ear.

Table C.5 Chapter 11: Canine and feline periorbital and eyelid laser surgery pro...

Table C.6 Chapter 12: Ophthalmic lasers for the treatment of glaucoma.

Table C.7 Chapter 13: Canine and feline dermatologic laser surgery procedures.

Table C.8 Chapter 14: Canine and feline urogenital and perianal laser surgery pr...

Table C.9 Chapter 15: Canine and feline oncological laser surgery procedures.

Table C.10 Chapter 16: Canine and feline laser photodynamic therapy procedures.

Table C.11 Chapter 17: Surgical lasers in minimally invasive and endoscopic smal...

Table C.12 Chapter 18: Canine laser neurosurgical procedures.

Table C.13 Chapter 19: Equine laser surgery procedures.

Table C.14 Chapter 20: Laser surgery procedures in exotic small animals.

Table C.15 Chapter 21: Laser surgery procedures of aquatic animals (sea turtle f...

List of Illustrations

Chapter 1

Figure 1.1 Absorption (a), spontaneous emission (b), and stimulated emission (c...

Figure 1.2 Laser resonator mode having its wavefront matching the shape of the ...

Figure 1.3 Laser resonator and an active medium producing a monochromatic, cohe...

Figure 1.4 Unlike the ordinary light, laser light can be efficiently focused in...

Figure 1.5 Basic building blocks of a surgical CO

laser: (1) metal CO

laser t...

Figure 1.6 All‐metal (a) and glass (b) CO

laser tube designs.

Figure 1.7 Side‐by‐side comparison of air‐cooled, all‐metal tube, flexible‐wave...

Figure 1.8 Articulated arm (a) and flexible hollow waveguide fiber (b) CO

lase...

Figure 1.9 Autoclavable laser handpieces available for flexible hollow waveguid...

Figure 1.10 A CO

laser's gated exposures: continuous (a, b), single pulse (c, ...

Figure 1.11 Hemostasis and coagulation through heat diffusion from the hot tip ...

Figure 1.12 Approximate temperature distribution in soft tissue; surface temper...

Figure 1.13 Hot tip coagulation depth, HT (mm) as a function of tip‐tissue cont...

Chapter 2

Figure 2.1 Selected transverse electromagnetic modes (TEMs) of a laser beam. (a...

Figure 2.2 Above is a 3‐D representation of a Gaussian laser beam and the relat...

Figure 2.3 A Gaussian laser beam passes through a focusing lens and is altered ...

Figure 2.4 Representation of focused Gaussian TEM

laser beams passing through...

Figure 2.5 Two identical Gaussian laser beams of incident power

are directed...

Figure 2.6 Magnified representation of the pulsed SuperPulse CO

laser energy w...

Figure 2.7 Two identical Gaussian laser beams of incident power,

, are targeti...

Chapter 3

Figure 3.1 As a laser beam (a) strikes the surface of the target tissue, part o...

Figure 3.2 Although Figure 3.1 denotes laser–tissue interaction at a basic leve...

Figure 3.3 The effects of a WYSIWYG laser on tissue.

Figure 3.4 The effects of a WYDSCHY laser on tissue.

Figure 3.5 (a) Demonstrates the tissue effect created by a laser well absorbed ...

Chapter 4

Figure 4.1 Optical absorption coefficient spectra at different histologically r...

Figure 4.2 Simplified optical model of soft tissue consisting of a water‐melani...

Figure 4.3 Simplified graphical representation of laser beam intensity attenuat...

Figure 4.4 Absorption (and estimated near‐IR attenuation) depth spectra of sube...

Figure 4.5 SuperPulse explained: high power, short laser‐pulse duration maximiz...

Figure 4.6 Soft tissue ablation threshold energy density (fluence) spectrum. Lo...

Figure 4.7 Near‐IR wavelengths 810 and 980 nm from commercially available diode...

Figure 4.8 Laser‐tissue incision with focused (0.25 mm spot size) laser beam. A...

Figure 4.9 Calculated (Fisher 1987, 1993; Vogel and Venugopalan 2003; Vitruk 20...

Figure 4.10 Hemostasis and coagulation mechanisms: (a) none for scalpel, (b) ph...

Figure 4.11 Coagulation depth spectrum for ablation threshold conditions. Logar...

Figure 4.12 Spectra of (a) absorption coefficient (cm

−1

), (b) thermal rel...

Chapter 5

Figure 5.1 (a–c) This case illustrates severe plasma cell pododermatitis (a) tr...

Figure 5.2 Absorption spectrum chart for the major chromophores involved in pho...

Figure 5.3 Targeted photobiomodulation.

Figure 5.4 Images of ovariohysterectomy incisions postoperatively. The incision...

Figure 5.5 (a) Laser therapy following aural hematoma surgery. (b) Soft‐tiss...

Figure 5.6 (a, b) Intraoperative laser therapy of a bladder incision postcystot...

Figure 5.7 Severe comminuted fracture in a sandhill crane shown preoperative (a...

Chapter 6

Figure 6.1 A laser safety sign posted on the door of a veterinary operating roo...

Figure 6.2 The effects of different wavelengths of light on the eye. Far‐ultrav...

Figure 6.3 Safety glasses specific for different laser wavelengths. Both are wr...

Figure 6.4 CO

laser removal of a circumanal gland tumor. Note the use of moist...

Figure 6.5 A surgical mask rated to filter 0.1 μm, helpful in preventing inhala...

Figure 6.6 Groove director and plunger. The groove director may be used as a ba...

Chapter 7

Figure 7.1 Canine patient prepped for prescrotal laser orchiectomy.

Figure 7.2 Canine patient prepped for scrotal laser orchiectomy.

Figure 7.3 Initial incision for canine prescrotal orchiectomy.

Figure 7.4 (a, b) The laser offers improved visualization and hemostasis for la...

Figure 7.5 The head of the testicle is forced through the initial incision.

Figure 7.6 The testicle exposed.

Figure 7.7 Remaining connective tissue is fanned out.

Figure 7.8 The laser allows the surgeon to easily remove remaining connective t...

Figure 7.9 As the surgeon excises connective tissue, he uses moist gauze as a s...

Figure 7.10 Double clamp for a closed castration.

Figure 7.11 First transfixion ligature placed.

Figure 7.12 Double ligation and transfixion in a closed castration.

Figure 7.13 (a, b) The laser is used to separate the testicle distal to the lig...

Figure 7.14 The incision ready for closure. Note lack of hemorrhage.

Figure 7.15 Tissue replaced within the incision.

Figure 7.16 Initial incision for canine scrotal orchiectomy.

Figure 7.17 The head of the testicle is forced through the initial incision.

Figure 7.18 The testicle exposed.

Figure 7.19 (a‐d) As the surgeon excises connective tissue he uses moist gauze ...

Figure 7.20 First transfixion ligature placed.

Figure 7.21 The laser is used to separate the testicle distal to the ligatures.

Figure 7.22 The surgeon utilizes several simple interrupted absorbable monofila...

Figure 7.23 A drop of tissue adhesive can be seen being applied to the skin lay...

Figure 7.24 Scrotal incision closure complete.

Figure 7.25 Initial incision for canine ovariohysterectomy.

Figure 7.26 (a, b) The laser offers improved visualization and hemostasis for l...

Figure 7.27 The line alba is tented with the thumb forceps and the surgeon make...

Figure 7.28 Sterile thumb forceps are inserted into the incision and used to li...

Figure 7.29 Linea alba incision complete (note lack of hemorrhage).

Figure 7.30 (a, b) The broad ligament is excised with excellent laser hemostasi...

Figure 7.31 Feline ovariohysterectomy patient prepared for surgery.

Figure 7.32 (a–d) Initial incision for feline ovariohysterectomy.

Figure 7.33 Use of a Metzenbaum scissor to rapidly cut straight to the linea ma...

Figure 7.34 The surgeon inserts thumb forceps into the incision to lift as he c...

Figure 7.35 Laser dissection proceeds through the linea alba.

Figure 7.36 Ovary and ovarian pedicle retrieved.

Figure 7.37 The laser may be used to sever the suspensory ligament without blee...

Figure 7.38 Retrieving the second ovary and ovarian pedicle.

Figure 7.39 The broad ligament is excised with excellent laser hemostasis.

Figure 7.40 Double ligation of the uterine stump.

Figure 7.41 Subcutaneous simple continuous closure commencing following simple ...

Figure 7.42 Skin closure complete.

Figure 7.43 Anatomical diagram of the feline claw.

Figure 7.44 The surgeon's initial incision dorsally for a laser assisted feline...

Figure 7.45 The surgeon's incision continues laterally.

Figure 7.46 The surgeon's palmar/plantar skin incision, carefully avoiding the ...

Figure 7.47 (a–c) Dissection proceeds through the dorsal elastic ligament.

Figure 7.48 The ligaments located dorsally and laterally are severed allowing a...

Figure 7.49 The entire “shelf‐like” structure of P3 is revealed.

Figure 7.50 Severing deep digital flexor tendon at P3.

Figure 7.51 Severing the deep digital flexor tendon on its P3 attachment.

Figure 7.52 After careful technique, the surgeon is rewarded with an extremely ...

Figure 7.53 A small amount of tissue adhesive is applied directly to the surger...

Figure 7.54 Bandages are applied to the cat's paws following the procedure.

Figure 7.55 Bandaging complete.

Chapter 8

Figure 8.1 (a) CO

laser. (b) Diode laser. (c) Therapy laser.

Figure 8.2 (a–e) Laser used during initial surgery after extractions.

Figure 8.3 (a–e) Refractory caudal stomatitis treated with CO

laser to resolut...

Figure 8.4 (a–d) Contact mucositis with ulceration treated with a CO

laser.

Figure 8.5 (a–d) Cat's mandibular canine penetrating gingiva, relieved with las...

Figure 8.6 (a–d) Removal of gingival enlargement.

Figure 8.7 (a) Clinically missing left mandibular first premolar. (b) Dental X‐...

Figure 8.8 (a–d) Sublingual granuloma excised with minimal bleeding.

Figure 8.9 (a–d) Gum chewers lesion excised with minimal bleeding.

Figure 8.10 (a–c) Oral sarcoma excision.

Figure 8.11 (a) Tight frenulum causing periodontal disease of the mandibular ca...

Figure 8.12 (a) Abnormal probing depth and bleeding. (b) Treatment with diode l...

Chapter 9

Figure 9.1 Patient positioned in sternal recumbence.

Figure 9.2 Excision line (dotted line) marked with laser in repeat pulse exposu...

Figure 9.3 Saline‐soaked gauze to protect endotracheal tube.

Figure 9.4 Incision line.

Figure 9.5 Partial thickness incision.

Figure 9.6 Resection from right to left following partial incision from Figure ...

Figure 9.7 Surgery complete. Note hemostasis.

Figure 9.8 Excised tissue.

Figure 9.9 Sternal recumbence, head resting on rolled towel.

Figure 9.10 Marked by laser in repeat pulse exposure.

Figure 9.11 Apex of triangle as far proximally as possible.

Figure 9.12 Alar fold removed from right nostril.

Figure 9.13 Surgery complete. Note hemostasis.

Chapter 10

Figure 10.1 (a, b) 120 mm × 0.8 mm laser tip (Luxar LXT‐120ST) threaded through...

Figure 10.2 Hyperplastic ceruminous glands may grow quite large, occluding the ...

Figure 10.3 Cystadenomas in the ear canal of a cat. (a) Masses prior to laser a...

Figure 10.4 Nasopharyngeal polyp in the horizontal canal of a kitten. (a) Canal...

Figure 10.5 Canine myringotomy site, labeled to indicate the best place to vapo...

Figure 10.6 Laser myringotomy. A small circular hole is made in the eardrum to ...

Figure 10.7 Stenotic ear canal in a dog. Hyperplastic glands and epithelium clo...

Figure 10.8 Aural hematoma in a dog.

Figure 10.9 “Leather punch” technique of aural hematoma repair.

Figure 10.10 Healed aural hematoma in a dog four weeks post‐operatively.

Figure 10.11 Healed aural hematoma in a cat four weeks postoperatively. No crin...

Chapter 11

Figure 11.1 English Bulldog with multiple distichia.

Figure 11.2 Correct laser‐tip positioning for patient with distichiasis.

Figure 11.3 Back stop (a moistened tongue depressor) used to protect cornea fro...

Figure 11.4 (a) Upper and lower entropion in a Labrador Retriever. (b) Proper e...

Figure 11.5 Application of laser in nonincisional repair of entropion in a Shar...

Figure 11.6 Postoperative appearance of entropion corrected with nonincisional ...

Figure 11.7 Modified Hotz–Celsus laser repair of an upper and lower entropion i...

Figure 11.8 Postoperative appearance of incisional modified Hotz–Celsus entropi...

Figure 11.9 Severe facial fold pyoderma with trichiasis in an English Bulldog.

Figure 11.10 Inflammatory change secondary to trichiasis in an English Bulldog.

Figure 11.11 “Cherry eye” or hyperplasia of the third eyelid.

Figure 11.12 Initial incision on the caudal surface of nictitating membrane's c...

Figure 11.13 Second conjunctival mucosa incision located between prolapsed glan...

Figure 11.14 Suturing nictitating membrane incision.

Figure 11.15 Surgical suture knots cut close to the anterior surface of the nic...

Figure 11.16 Ulcerated fibroma on the inferior lid on an English Bulldog.

Figure 11.17 Immediate postoperative photo of incised fibroma.

Figure 11.18 Postoperative photo of excised fibroma. Surgical margins were clea...

Figure 11.19 Meibomian gland adenoma of upper eyelid at nasal canthus.

Figure 11.20 V‐plasty incision of eyelid mass.

Figure 11.21 Tongue depressor back stop to prevent corneal damage from laser.

Figure 11.22 Twenty‐four‐gauge catheter prepositioned within lacrimal puncta.

Figure 11.23 Initial subcutaneous appositional suture with 5‐0 absorbable sutur...

Figure 11.24 Postoperative photo of completed V‐plasty of meibomian adenoma of ...

Chapter 12

Figure 12.1 Wavelengths of light and penetrance of the eye.

Figure 12.2 Light absorption by human pigment epithelium.

Figure 12.3 Anatomy of the canine eye: a normal canine lens (L), iris (I), corn...

Figure 12.4 Canine closed‐angle glaucoma: the iris prevents fluid from moving p...

Figure 12.5 Ciliary body epithelia necrosis secondary to cyclophotocoagulation....

Figure 12.6 Thermal burn and retinal detachment secondary to cyclophotocoagulat...

Figure 12.7 Long ciliary nerve necrosis secondary to cyclophotocoagulation.

Figure 12.8 Retinal detachment secondary to cyclophotocoagulation: asterisks in...

Figure 12.9 Transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (TSCP).

Figure 12.10 Micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (mTSCP).

Figure 12.11 Ciliary epithelia necrosis secondary to micropulse transscleral cy...

Figure 12.12 Endoscopic curved cyclophotocoagulation probe.

Figure 12.13 An endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation (ECP) probe introduced through...

Figure 12.14 Surgeon viewing progress of an endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation (E...

Figure 12.15 (a) Six ciliary processes visualized during endoscopic cyclophotoc...

Chapter 13

Figure 13.1 Cat before surgery.

Figure 13.2 Laser ablation focusing handpiece.

Figure 13.3 Laser ablation.

Figure 13.4 One year post ablation. Few new lesions are present.

Figure 13.5 Cat with Bowen's prior to clipping.

Figure 13.6 Cat with Bowen's after clipping.

Figure 13.7 Cat with Bowen's under the neck.

Figure 13.8 Cat with Bowen's under the neck post‐laser surgery.

Figure 13.9 Cat with lesion ablated. Note the visible follicular units.

Figure 13.10 Bowen's lesion that has progressed to squamous cell carcinoma.

Figure 13.11 Cat in Figures 13.7 and 13.8 under neck, three months postsurgery.

Figure 13.12 Dog with pigmented viral plaques on body presurgery.

Figure 13.13 Dog with pigmented viral plaques on pinna pre‐surgery.

Figure 13.14 Dog with pigmented viral plaques on pinna six weeks post‐surgery.

Figure 13.15 Dog with pigmented viral plaques on neck and ear presurgery.

Figure 13.16 Laser ablation of pigmented viral plaques in a dog.

Figure 13.17 Laser ablation in a dog showing the completed sites. Note the foll...

Figure 13.18 Dog with pigmented viral plaques on body presurgery.

Figure 13.19 Dog with pigmented viral plaques on body postsurgery.

Figure 13.20 Cat's squamous cell on nose presurgery.

Figure 13.21 Cat's squamous cell on pinna presurgery.

Figure 13.22 Dog Squamous cell carcinoma claw presurgery.

Figure 13.23 Cat's squamous cell on pinna post laser surgery.

Figure 13.24 Cat's squamous cell on pinna three weeks postsurgery.

Figure 13.25 Cat's squamous cell on nose presurgery.

Figure 13.26 Cat's squamous cell on nose postsurgery.

Figure 13.27 Squamous cell carcinoma of a canine claw.

Figure 13.28 Squamous cell carcinoma claw amputation via laser.

Figure 13.29 Squamous cell carcinoma claw amputation via laser.

Figure 13.30 Squamous cell carcinoma claw amputation via laser.

Figure 13.31 Dog post‐claw amputation.

Figure 13.32 Carcinoma claw amputation four weeks postsurgery.

Figure 13.33 Follicular tumor presurgery.

Figure 13.34 Follicular tumor surgical excision (small incision).

Figure 13.35 Follicular tumor presurgery.

Figure 13.36 Follicular tumor surgical excision (small incision), expressing co...

Figure 13.37 Follicular tumor surgical excision (small incision), expressing co...

Figure 13.38 Follicular tumor surgical excision (small incision).

Figure 13.39 Follicular tumor surgical excision (small incision).

Figure 13.40 Fibro‐adnexal Hamartoma presurgery.

Figure 13.41 Collagenous hamartoma axilla, presurgery.

Figure 13.42 Fibro‐adnexal Hamartoma presurgery.

Figure 13.43 Fibro‐adnexal Hamartoma presurgery.

Figure 13.44 Fibro‐adnexal Hamartoma excision.

Figure 13.45 Fibro‐adnexal Hamartoma excision.

Figure 13.46 Fibro‐adnexal Hamartoma excision.

Figure 13.47 Fibro‐adnexal Hamartoma postexcision.

Figure 13.48 Fibro‐adnexal Hamartoma six weeks postexcision.

Figure 13.49 Interdigital follicular cysts, presurgery.

Figure 13.50 Interdigital follicular cysts, presurgery (draining tract).

Figure 13.51 Interdigital follicular cysts, presurgery (expression of keratin f...

Figure 13.52 Interdigital follicular cyst surgery.

Figure 13.53 Interdigital follicular cysts (surgery‐deep layers, with expressio...

Figure 13.54 Interdigital follicular cysts, surgery‐probe to follow draining tr...

Figure 13.55 Interdigital follicular cysts, surgery‐probe to follow draining tr...

Figure 13.56 Interdigital follicular cysts, surgery (expression of keratin stil...

Figure 13.57 Interdigital follicular cysts, surgery (blood vessels visibly unha...

Figure 13.58 Follicular cysts and draining tracts elbow, presurgery.

Figure 13.59 Follicular cysts and draining tracts elbow, presurgery.

Figure 13.60 Follicular cysts and draining tracts elbow, ablation surgery.

Figure 13.61 Follicular cysts and draining tracts elbow, ablation surgery.

Figure 13.62 Follicular cysts during ablation surgery.

Figure 13.63 Follicular cysts and draining tracts elbow, three weeks postsurger...

Figure 13.64 Follicular cysts and draining tracts elbow, four weeks post‐surger...

Figure 13.65 Nodular sebaceous gland tumor presurgery.

Figure 13.66 Nodular sebaceous gland tumor, carcinomatous type, presurgery.

Figure 13.67 Multiple nodular sebaceous gland tumors, ablation surgery.

Figure 13.68 Multiple nodular sebaceous gland tumors, ablation surgery.

Figure 13.69 Multiple nodular sebaceous gland tumors, final portion of ablation...

Figure 13.70 Multiple nodular sebaceous gland tumors, ablation surgery.

Figure 13.71 Multiple nodular sebaceous gland tumors, ablation surgery (base of...

Figure 13.72 Apocrine cysts ear, feline, presurgery.

Figure 13.73 Apocrine cysts ear, feline, ablation‐surgery.

Figure 13.74 Apocrine cysts ear, feline, ablation‐surgery.

Figure 13.75 Apocrine cysts ear, feline, ablation‐surgery.

Figure 13.76 Apocrine cysts ear, feline, ablation‐surgery.

Figure 13.77 Apocrine cysts ear, feline, four weeks postablation‐surgery.

Figure 13.78 Ear hyperplasia presurgery.

Figure 13.79 Ear hyperplasia ablation/excision surgery.

Figure 13.80 Ear hyperplasia ablation/excision surgery.

Figure 13.81 Ear hyperplasia ablation/excision surgery. The cotton applicator i...

Figure 13.82 Ear hyperplasia ablation/excision surgery.

Figure 13.83 Ear hyperplasia four weeks postablation/excision surgery.

Chapter 14

Figure 14.1 Initial vasectomy incision.

Figure 14.2 Blunt dissection to reveal plexus.

Figure 14.3 Plexus revealed.

Figure 14.4 Vas deferens revealed.

Figure 14.5 Isolating the vas for ligature.

Figure 14.6 Initial ligature placement.

Figure 14.7 Ligature placement complete.

Figure 14.8 Removal of a vas segment.

Figure 14.9 Laser resection of the vas.

Figure 14.10 Completed removal of the segment.

Figure 14.11 Closure following vasectomy.

Figure 14.12 The pudendal vessels are identified prior to making incision.

Figure 14.13 Initial incision is made between the pudendal vessels and the shea...

Figure 14.14 Blunt dissection is used to deepen the incision.

Figure 14.15 The incision is continued to the midline with blunt dissection.

Figure 14.16 The midline is opened with the laser.

Figure 14.17 The midline incision is enlarged with blunt dissection.

Figure 14.18 A Snook hook is used to capture either the vas deferens or the pam...

Figure 14.19 The vas deferens is identified.

Figure 14.20 The vas deferens is exteriorized.

Figure 14.21 Traction is applied to the vas deferens to remove the testicle.

Figure 14.22 The testicle is being removed.

Figure 14.23 The fully exteriorized testicle.

Figure 14.24 Ligations of the vas deferens and pampiniform plexus are completed...

Figure 14.25 Paraphimosis appearance prior to surgery.

Figure 14.26 Measurement of the exterior portion of the penis.

Figure 14.27 A mark is made on the abdominal wall for the cranial margin of the...

Figure 14.28 The incision starts at the junction of the cranial aspect of the s...

Figure 14.29 The incision is continued making a triangular incision.

Figure 14.30 The dermal layers are removed.

Figure 14.31 The sheath is advanced confirming retraction of the penis.

Figure 14.32 The anchor sutures are placed in the muscle fascia.

Figure 14.33 The suture is then anchored to the cranial ventral aspect of the s...

Figure 14.34 The pattern is repeated.

Figure 14.35 The suture is tightened and the sheath anchored to the abdominal w...

Figure 14.36 Interrupted skin sutures are placed with the abdominal fascia incl...

Figure 14.37 Sutures are continued circumferentially until entire incision clos...

Figure 14.38 The laser is used to freshen the margins of the fistula from a pre...

Figure 14.39 The completed surgery.

Figure 14.40 Suture removal at two weeks showing positional stability of the sh...

Figure 14.41 The site is shaved and prepped for surgery.

Figure 14.42 The redundant tissue is lifted into final position to determine th...

Figure 14.43 Initial incision is made at the dorsal aspect and follows around t...

Figure 14.44 In many cases, a fold will exist in the areas just lateral to the ...

Figure 14.45 The medal incision is made to the margin of the affected tissue.

Figure 14.46 The medial incision is continued around the vulva and ends at the ...

Figure 14.47 Subcutaneous dissection through the pelvic fat is done to remove t...

Figure 14.48 With the skin the deep fat may also be removed.

Figure 14.49 The incision is continued removing the skin and subcutaneous fat.

Figure 14.50 After the skin is removed the site is examined to determine if mor...

Figure 14.51 If excessive fat is present it is ablated with the laser.

Figure 14.52 The vulva is approximated into position to evaluate proper positio...

Figure 14.53 The incision may be adjusted to achieve proper positioning of the ...

Figure 14.54 During positioning the fat may shift and final touch up of any rem...

Figure 14.55 Closure begins at the 12:00 position.

Figure 14.56 Closure is continued left and right around the incision keeping pr...

Figure 14.57 During closure the fit of the tissues is constantly to give normal...

Figure 14.58 Interrupted skin sutures are placed completing the procedure.

Figure 14.59 Final position is examined. In this case postoperative treatment o...

Figure 14.60 Dental impression material is placed into the gland.

Figure 14.61 It is important to fill the gland completely noted by overflow dur...

Figure 14.62 The incision is made through the skin but not into the anal gland....

Figure 14.63 Blunt dissection via mosquito hemostat is used to separate the sph...

Figure 14.64 Use the laser to dissect tissue not easily removed with blunt diss...

Figure 14.65 Dissection continues on the cranial aspect of the anal gland.

Figure 14.66 Cranial dissection continues. Care is taken on the cranial ventral...

Figure 14.67 Full dissection of the gland requires identification of the duct....

Figure 14.68 The gland is elevated and the duct is dissected.

Figure 14.69 The duct is ligated.

Figure 14.70 The laser is used to cut the duct between the ligation and the gla...

Figure 14.71 The gland is removed from the surgical site.

Figure 14.72 The removed glands showing clean dissection.

Figure 14.73 Closure is done with a subcutaneous suture pattern closing the dee...

Figure 14.74 No skin sutures are placed and the site is very clean at 10 days....

Figure 14.75 The penis is exteriorized.

Figure 14.76 Allis forceps are used to secure the distal penis to the sheath.

Figure 14.77 A metal urinary catheter is placed in the penile urethra.

Figure 14.78 The catheter is advanced several centimeters for stability during ...

Figure 14.79 The prolapsed tissue is grasped with tissue forceps and extended t...

Figure 14.80 The initial incision is made in the central ventral aspect of the ...

Figure 14.81 The incision is widened but not completed.

Figure 14.82 Retraction on the prolapse opens the incision for visualization of...

Figure 14.83 Forceps are used to secure the penile urethra allowing for suture ...

Figure 14.84 Care is taken when placing the suture to secure the urethra to the...

Figure 14.85 The suture is checked visually and the ends cut close to the knot ...

Figure 14.86 The incision is continued incrementally around the catheter and pr...

Figure 14.87 Each time the incision is widened sutures are placed keeping the p...

Figure 14.88 The incision is continued until complete removal of the prolapsed ...

Figure 14.89 The last suture is placed in the dorsal aspect of the penile ureth...

Figure 14.90 Final examination of the surgical site.

Figure 14.91 The site with the catheter removed.

Figure 14.92 Two weeks postoperative at suture removal.

Figure 14.93 Completed healing after suture removal.

Figure 14.94 The site is draped for surgery.

Figure 14.95 A scalpel handle is used to apply tension to the episiotomy incisi...

Figure 14.96 The incision is continued dorsally with continued pressure from th...

Figure 14.97 The incision is enlarged until the cranial base of the prolapsed t...

Figure 14.98 Allis tissue forceps are used for visibility.

Figure 14.99 The urethral catheter is easily inserted after the episiotomy with...

Figure 14.100 The incision for removal of the prolapse is started in the centra...

Figure 14.101 The incision is continued laterally to the extent of the hyperpla...

Figure 14.102 Tension on the prolapsed tissue allows for more rapid cutting wit...

Figure 14.103 The incision is continued paying attention caudally to the urethr...

Figure 14.104 The incision is closed transversely starting in the center with i...

Figure 14.105 Careful alignment of the incision will result in equal bilateral ...

Figure 14.106 With complete removal of the hyperplastic tissue the catheter rem...

Figure 14.107 Initial closure of the vaginal mucosal layer using continuous pat...

Figure 14.108 Fascial and subcuticular closure begins after fully closing the m...

Figure 14.109 The subcuticular layer is nearing closure. It is important to be ...

Figure 14.110 No skin sutures are needed when the subcuticular layer closes pro...

Figure 14.111 Initial incision started at the dorsal aspect of the scrotum.

Figure 14.112 The incision is continued around the entire scrotum and sheath.

Figure 14.113 The subcutaneous tissues are incised and the dermal tissue reflec...

Figure 14.114 The dermal tissues are removed at the distal aspect of the penis.

Figure 14.115 The central ventral attachment of the penis to the pelvis is blun...

Figure 14.116 The bulbourethral glands are removed at the ischial attachments b...

Figure 14.117 A hemostat is used to confirm separation of the bulbourethral gla...

Figure 14.118 Iris scissors are used to open the sheath dorsally.

Figure 14.119 The incision in the urethra is advanced cranially.

Figure 14.120 The incision is then advanced incrementally until a mosquito hemo...

Figure 14.121 The hemostat is inserted in the urethra to determine diameter.

Figure 14.122 The distal aspect of the penis is clamped and removed with the la...

Figure 14.123 Initial closure of the incision is started at the dorsal aspect o...

Figure 14.124 Three sutures have been placed around the urethral opening.

Figure 14.125 The distal aspect of the severed penis is attached to the ventral...

Figure 14.126 The interrupted suture pattern is completed.

Figure 14.127 The completed surgical site.

Figure 14.128 A tomcat catheter is sutured in place overnight.

Figure 14.129 Initial incision in caudal abdomen.

Figure 14.130 Urinary bladder exteriorized.

Figure 14.131 Cystocentesis for urinalysis, culture, and sensitivity.

Figure 14.132 Bladder opened with laser.

Figure 14.133 Bladder incision widened with sharp dissection.

Figure 14.134 Carmalt hemostat inserted to retrieve stone.

Figure 14.135 Stone removal.

Figure 14.136 Stone is saved for analysis.

Figure 14.137 Initial flush of the bladder with saline.

Figure 14.138 Bladder and urethra flushed with saline.

Figure 14.139 Groove director.

Figure 14.140 Closure of bladder with continuous pattern.

Chapter 15

Figure 15.1 Histopathology of an apocrine duct adenoma in an 11‐year‐old domest...

Figure 15.2 Suspected mastocytoma of the right pelvic limb of a dog. Margins ha...

Figure 15.3 Vessel coagulation for hemostasis by isolating an artery in the sur...

Figure 15.4 An ulcerated perianal adenoma amenable to CO

laser excision after ...

Figure 15.5 Handpiece with 3 mm ablation tip (Luxarcare LLC, Woodinville, WA) u...

Figure 15.6 Outlining the incision for a partial maxillectomy with a CO

laser....

Figure 15.7 Desiccation of an ulcerated surface of a recurrent maxillary sarcom...

Figure 15.8 A vascular canine thyroid tumor with vermiform vessels covering the...

Chapter 16

Figure 16.1 (a) A 3 cm × 5 cm ameloblastic fibro‐odontoma in a one‐year‐old int...

Figure 16.2 (a) A 7 cm × 5 cm × 4 cm oral papillary carcinoma (planocellulare n...

Figure 16.3 (a) A 13‐year‐old spayed female feline with nasal squamous cell car...

Figure 16.4 (a) A 12‐year‐old spayed female feline with squamous cell carcinoma...

Figure 16.5 (a) A 13‐year‐old spayed female feline with squamous cell carcinoma...

Figure 16.6 (a) Canine otitis externa. (b) Methylene‐violet‐blue was applied to...

Figure 16.7 (a) A rabbit with a facial abscess. Pets (especially rabbits) often...

Chapter 17

Figure 17.1 Surgical diode laser, 810 nm, 15 W.

Figure 17.2 Surgical diode laser, 980 nm, 20 W.

Figure 17.3 Ho:YAG laser.

Figure 17.4 Ho:YAG solid quartz fiber with SMA adapter.

Figure 17.5 (a–c) Small diameter rigid endoscope.

Figure 17.6 (a, b) Video endoscopy equipment for the veterinary practice.

Figure 17.7 Small diameter flexible endoscope.

Figure 17.8 Diagram of the canine rhinarium and paranasal sinuses.

Figure 17.9 Nasopharyngeal polyp and Ho:YAG resection.

Figure 17.10 Nasal adenocarcinoma and Ho:YAG resection.

Figure 17.11 Nasal adenocarcinoma and diode laser resection.

Figure 17.12 Nasal mass and Ho:YAG resection.

Figure 17.13 Tracheal mass.

Figure 17.14 Tracheal mass post resection.

Figure 17.15 Aural mass.

Figure 17.16 Diode laser resection of a benign aural polyp.

Figure 17.17 Diode laser resection of an aural mass.

Figure 17.18 Postoperative view of the ear canal following diode laser mass exc...

Figure 17.19 Severe erosive esophagitis and stricture.

Figure 17.20 Balloon dilatation of esophageal stricture.

Figure 17.21 Benign mass in the pylorus of a dog.

Figure 17.22 Ho:YAG excision of benign pyloric mass.

Figure 17.23 Carcinoma of the body of the stomach of a dog.

Figure 17.24 Diode laser debulking of a colonic mass.

Figure 17.25 Ho:YAG debulking of a colonic mass.

Figure 17.26 Polypoid bladder mass(es).

Figure 17.27 Vaginal vestibule.

Figure 17.28 TCC of the urethra and Ho:YAG resection.

Figure 17.29 TCC of the bladder and laser resection.

Figure 17.30 Postlaser resection of urethral TCC.

Figure 17.31 Ho:YAG TURP.

Figure 17.32 Canine ectopic ureter.

Figure 17.33 Diode laser correction of ectopic ureter.

Figure 17.34 Diode laser correction of ectopic ureter.

Figure 17.35 Diode laser correction of ectopic ureter.

Figure 17.36 Urinary tract calculi.

Figure 17.37 Ho:YAG laser lithotripsy.

Figure 17.38 Ho:YAG laser lithotripsy.

Figure 17.39 Calculi fragments following Ho:YAG laser lithotripsy.

Chapter 18

Figure 18.1 PLDA is a fluoroscopy‐guided delivery of Ho:YAG laser light into di...

Figure 18.2 Premeasuring the Ho:YAG fiber length with a spinal needle; the Ho:Y...

Figure 18.3 Spinal needles inserted percutaneously into the disc spaces.

Figure 18.4 Orthogonal fluoroscopic projections of the target disc spaces.

Figure 18.5 Orthogonal fluoroscopic projections confirming the placement of spi...

Figure 18.6 (a) Inserting the laser fiber through the spinal needle into the nu...

Chapter 19

Figure 19.1 (a) Right eye of a pony with advanced subconjunctival and lid ocula...

Figure 19.2 Two examples of equine sarcoid on the pinna of the ear: (a) is fibr...

Figure 19.3 A large nodular sarcoid on the pinna of a horse's ear. Traction is ...

Figure 19.4 Endoscopic view of a nasal cyst (a), and arrow directed at a solid ...

Figure 19.5 Endoscopic image of a dorsal pharyngeal cyst (a) with the arrow poi...

Figure 19.6 The arrow indicates location of a subepiglottic cyst elevating the ...

Figure 19.7 Progressive ethmoid hematoma originating in the maxillary sinus and...

Figure 19.8 A small progressive ethmoid hematoma (arrow) arising from the ventr...

Figure 19.9 Endoscopy of the pharynx demonstrating dorsal displacement of the s...

Figure 19.10 Palatoplasty for intermittent displacement, performed underneath t...

Figure 19.11 Endoscopy of entrapment of the epiglottis by the aryepiglottic fol...

Figure 19.12 Two examples of transendoscopic laser axial division of the aryepi...

Figure 19.13 Endoscopy of the equine larynx postlaryngoplasty surgery with the ...

Figure 19.14 Noncontact fiber (black arrow) within the guttural pouch aimed at ...

Figure 19.15 Foal with guttural pouch tympany with distension protruding behind...

Figure 19.16 Endoscopic view of the dorsal pharynx with a Foley catheter being ...

Chapter 20

Figure 20.1 Laser surgeons demonstrating proper protective eyewear and surgical...

Figure 20.2 A 15 W CO

surgical laser with articulated arm delivery system.

Figure 20.3 CO

surgical laser smoke evacuator system with stand and foot pedal...

Figure 20.4 The 3 and 9 mm surgical laser handpieces.

Figure 20.5 The handpieces with distance guides and back stops such as a groove...

Figure 20.6 CO

laser control panel, set for 6 W continuous wave SuperPulse.

Figure 20.7 A veterinary operating room set up for laser surgery on exotic spec...

Figure 20.8 Orchiectomy of a rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus).

Figure 20.9 Ovariohysterectomy of a rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus).

Figure 20.10 (a,b) Orchiectomy of a guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) (prescrotal te...

Figure 20.11 (a) Mass removal in a hamster (Phodopus sungorus). (b) Cystotomy i...

Figure 20.12 Orchiectomy of a sugar glider (Petaurus breviceps).

Figure 20.13 (a) Ovariohysterectomy of a potbellied pig (Sus scrofa domesticus)...

Figure 20.14 Prefemoral approach to ovariosalpingectomy in a red ear slider (Tr...

Figure 20.15 (a–c) Ovariosalpingectomy in a corn snake (Pantherophis guttatus),...

Figure 20.16 (a–c) Ovariosalpingectomy in a chameleon (Chamaeleo dilepis and Ch...

Figure 20.17 Ovariosalpingectomy in a red ear slider (Trachemys scripta elegans...

Figure 20.18 Oral mass removal in a Chinese water dragon (Physignathus cocincin...

Figure 20.19 Fracture repair of a caiman lizard (Dracaena guianensis).

Figure 20.20 Tail amputation of a bearded dragon (Pogona vitticeps).

Figure 20.21 Limb amputation of a leopard gecko (Eublepharis macularius).

Chapter 21

Figure 21.1 Juvenile green sea turtle (

Chelonia mydas

) with fibropapillomatosis...

Figure 21.2 (a–b) Radiographs of juvenile green sea turtle (

Chelonia mydas

) wit...

Figure 21.3 Images of three‐view computed tomography (CT) scan of a juvenile gr...

Figure 21.4 (a–d) Images of fibropapilloma tumors identified on laparoscopic ex...

Figure 21.5 Lidocaine is administered intrathecally for regional anesthesia. Us...

Figure 21.6 Turtles with stage 2–3 FP tumor burdens will undergo multiple proce...

Figure 21.7 (a–e) Surgical excision of fibropapilloma tumor from the ventral fr...

Figure 21.8 (a–e) Examples of surgical sites immediately following excision of ...

Figure 21.9 (a, b) Examples of bandages placed to protect incisions and control...

Figure 21.10 (a–e) Excision of a scleral tumor from the left eye of a juvenile ...

Figure 21.11 Juvenile green sea turtle (

Chelonia mydas

) with corneal fibropapil...

Figure 21.12 (a) Juvenile green sea turtle (

Chelonia mydas

) with common scleral...

Figure 21.13 A juvenile green sea turtle (

Chelonia mydas

) with fibropapilloma t...

Figure 21.14 (a, b) Surgical excision of a small fibropapilloma tumor from the ...

Figure 21.15 (a–c) Excision of upper eyelid conjunctival fibropapilloma tumors ...

Figure 21.16 (a–d) CT scans are utilized to identify bony involvement of FP tum...

Figure 21.17 (a–c) Excision of FP tumors in regions with underlying bone (carap...

Figure 21.18 (a) Postoperative excision site of a fibropapilloma tumor removal ...

Figure 21.19 (a–e) Juvenile green sea turtles (

Chelonia mydas

) in various depth...

Figure 21.20 (a–h) A series of photographs taken of a juvenile green sea turtle...

Figure 21.21 A juvenile Green sea turtle (

Chelonia mydas

) receiving laser thera...

Figure 21.22 A juvenile green sea turtle (

Chelonia mydas

) with fibropapilloma t...

Chapter 22

Figure 22.1 Plunger and receptacle.

Figure 22.2 Receptacle mounted on laser with sterile plunger.

Figure 22.3 A 12″ section of autoclaved PVC pipe.

Figure 22.4 Smoke evacuator hose with mess before PVC pipe added.

Figure 22.5 Smoke evacuator after PVC added.

Figure 22.6 Fenestration in nonwoven gauze sponge.

Figure 22.7 Groove director.

Figure 22.8 Repurposed needle container before tips inserted.

Figure 22.9 Repurposed needle container after tips inserted, ready for autoclav...

Chapter 24

Figure 24.1 A mobile veterinary practice vehicle equipped for laser surgery.

Figure 24.2 Wall‐mounted custom bracket installed for transporting a laser surg...

Figure 24.3 The surgical laser within its bracket for transport.

Figure 24.4 Laser surgical procedures may be conducted in a mobile practice muc...

Chapter 25

Figure 25.1 Veterinary clients have become increasingly demanding of high‐quali...

Figure 25.2 Each practice should have a core message about laser surgery that a...

Figure 25.3 Educational displays about laser surgery can be placed in the lobby...

Figure 25.4 Videos of laser surgery patients, before and after surgery, can be ...

Figure 25.5 Devote an entire page of the practice’s website to laser surgery. U...

Figure 25.6 Use additional website pages to detail the benefits of laser surger...

Figure 25.7 Social media, in multiple forms, is a marketing necessity for today...

Guide

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Laser Surgery in Veterinary Medicine

Edited by

Christopher J. Winkler, DVM, DABLS, VMLSO

Suffolk Veterinary Group Animal Wellness and Laser Surgery CenterSelden, New York, USA

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by law. Advice on how to obtain permission to reuse material from this title is available at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions.

The right of Christopher J. Winkler to be identified as the author of this editorial material has been asserted in accordance with law.

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Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of WarrantyThe contents of this work are intended to further general scientific research, understanding, and discussion only and are not intended and should not be relied upon as recommending or promoting scientific method, diagnosis, or treatment by physicians for any particular patient. In view of ongoing research, equipment modifications, changes in governmental regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to the use of medicines, equipment, and devices, the reader is urged to review and evaluate the information provided in the package insert or instructions for each medicine, equipment, or device for, among other things, any changes in the instructions or indication of usage and for added warnings and precautions. While the publisher and authors have used their best efforts in preparing this work, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives, written sales materials or promotional statements for this work. The fact that an organization, website, or product is referred to in this work as a citation and/or potential source of further information does not mean that the publisher and authors endorse the information or services the organization, website, or product may provide or recommendations it may make. This work is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation. You should consult with a specialist where appropriate. Further, readers should be aware that websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read. Neither the publisher nor authors shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages.

Library of Congress Cataloging‐in‐Publication data has been applied for

ISBN: 9781119486015

Cover Design: WileyCover Images: Photo credit – Gaemia Tracy, Photo credit – Katalin Kovacs, Photo credit – Christopher J. Winkler

Dedication and Acknowledgments

This book is dedicated in loving memory to those who still remain with us in our hearts, particularly to Donna and Robert Sessa, and to Jack Winkler.

This book would not have been possible without the efforts of an extraordinary group of contributing veterinarians, experts, and their staffs, in the field of laser medicine and surgery. The past year has been a wonderfully illuminating education in each of your fields, and I am proud to bring your brilliant work to others' attention. It has been the greatest of pleasures collaborating with you. A heartfelt thank you to you all.

To John C. Godbold, Jr., DVM, whose mentorship, encouragement, patience, time, and input were invaluable and instrumental in the creation of this book. I am honored to call you my teacher, my colleague, and my friend.

To Mr. Stephen Fisher, MBA, of the American Board of Laser Surgery, for his generous correspondence and aid with reference materials and figures.

To my editors, Erica Judisch, Purvi Patel, Susan Engelken, and Sandeep Kumar, for all of your advice and assistance.

To my own staff past and present, for all of your help and enthusiasm for this project.

To all of our patients who have helped us learn, and those that these efforts here are intended to help in the future, this is for you.

To my family and friends for their support, especially to my parents Nancy and Joseph, whose own dedication and faith and love are an everlasting source of inspiration.

To my children John and Kevin, my greatest endeavor, and to Nicole, my wife and companion in this our adventure. I love you very much.

About the Editor

Christopher J. Winkler, DVM graduated from Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine in 2001, and worked on Long Island, NY, as an emergency room veterinarian and associate general practitioner before purchasing Suffolk Veterinary Group in 2006. Incorporating surgical lasers into his practice in 2010, he soon added laser therapy and began formal training a short time later, earning certifications in Veterinary Laser Medicine and Surgery from the American Board of Laser Surgery (ABLS) in 2015, and Veterinary Medical Laser Safety Officer from the American Institute of Medical Laser Applications (AIMLA) in 2016.

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