LTE, LTE-Advanced and WiMAX E-Book

Abd-Elhamid M. Taha

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 424

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2011

Beschreibung

A concise introduction to IMT-Advanced Systems, including LTE-Advanced and WiMAX There exists a strong demand for fully extending emerging Internet services, including collaborative applications and social networking, to the mobile and wireless domain. Delivering such services can be possible only through realizing broadband in the wireless. Two candidate technologies are currently competing in fulfilling the requirements for wireless broadband networks, WiMAX and LTE. At the moment, LTE and its future evolution LTE-Advanced are already gaining ground in terms of vendor and operator support. Whilst both technologies share certain attributes (utilizing Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) in downlink, accommodating smart antennas and full support for IP-switching, for example), they differ in others (including uplink technology, scheduling, frame structure and mobility support). Beyond technological merits, factors such as deployment readiness, ecosystem maturity and migration feasibility come to light when comparing the aptitude of the two technologies. LTE, LTE-Advanced and WiMAX: Towards IMT-Advanced Networks provides a concise, no-nonsense introduction to the two technologies, covering both interface and networking considerations. More critically, the book gives a multi-faceted comparison, carefully analyzing and distinguishing the characteristics of each technology and spanning both technical and economic merits. A "big picture" understanding of the market strategies and forecasts is also offered. * Discusses and critically evaluates LTE, LTE-Advanced and WiMAX (Legacy and Advanced) * Gives an overview of the principles and advances of each enabling technology * Offers a feature-by-feature comparison between the candidate technologies * Includes information which appeals to both industry practitioners and academics * Provides an up-to-date report on market and industry status

Leseprobe

Table of Contents

Title Page

Copyright

Dedication

About the Authors

Preface

Acknowledgements

List of Abbreviations

Chapter 1: Introduction

1.1 Evolution of Wireless Networks

1.2 Why IMT-Advanced

1.3 The ITU-R Requirements for IMT-Advanced Networks

1.4 IMT-Advanced Networks

1.5 Book Overview

References

Chapter 2: Enabling Technologies for IMT-Advanced Networks

2.1 Multicarrier Modulation and Multiple Access

2.2 Multiuser Diversity and Scheduling

2.3 Adaptive Coding and Modulation

2.4 Frequency Reuse

2.5 Wideband Transmissions

2.6 Multiple Antenna Techniques

2.7 Relaying

2.8 Femtocells

2.9 Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP) Transmission

2.10 Power Management

2.11 Inter-Technology Handovers

References

Part One: WiMAX

Chapter 3: WiMAX Networks

3.1 IEEE 802.16-2009

3.2 IEEE 802.16m

3.3 Summary of Functionalities

Chapter 4: Frame Structure, Addressing and Identification

4.1 Frame Structure in IEEE 802.16-2009

4.2 Frame Structure in IEEE 802.16j

4.3 Frame Structure in IEEE 802.16m

4.4 Addressing and Connections Identification

Chapter 5: Network Entry, Initialization and Ranging

5.1 Network Entry in IEEE 802.16-2009

5.2 Network Entry in IEEE 802.16j-2009

5.3 Network Entry in IEEE 802.16m

Chapter 6: Quality of Service and Bandwidth Reservation

6.1 QoS in IEEE 802.16-2009

6.2 Quality of Service in IEEE 802.16j

6.3 QoS in IEEE 802.16m

Chapter 7: Mobility Management

7.1 Mobility Management in IEEE 802.16-2009

7.2 Mobility Management in IEEE 802.16j-2009

7.3 Mobility Management in IEEE 802.16m

Chapter 8: Security

8.1 Security in IEEE 802.16-2009

8.2 Security in IEEE 802.16j-2009

8.3 Security in IEEE 802.16m

Part Two: LTE and LTE-Advanced Networks

Chapter 9: Overview of LTE and LTE-Advanced Networks

9.1 Overview of LTE Networks

9.2 Overview of Part II

References

Chapter 10: Frame-Structure and Node Identification

10.1 Frame-Structure in LTE

10.2 Frame-Structure in LTE-Advanced

10.3 LTE Identification, Naming and Addressing

Chapter 11: UE States and State Transitions

11.1 Overview of a UE's State Transitions

11.2 IDLE Processes

11.3 Acquiring System Information

11.4 Connection Establishment and Control

11.5 Mapping between AS and NAS States

Chapter 12: Quality of Service and Bandwidth Reservation

12.1 QoS Performance Measures

12.2 Classification

12.3 Signaling for Bandwidth Requests and Grants

12.4 Bandwidth Allocation and Traffic Handling

12.5 QoS in LTE-Advanced

Chapter 13: Mobility Management

13.1 Overview

13.2 Drivers and Limitations for Mobility Control

13.3 Mobility Management and UE States

13.4 Considerations for Inter RAT Mobility

13.5 CSG and Hybrid HeNB Cells

13.6 Mobility Management Signaling

Chapter 14: Security

14.1 Design Rationale

14.2 LTE Security Architecture

14.3 EPS Key Hierarchy

14.4 State Transitions and Mobility

14.5 Procedures between UE and EPC Elements

Part Three: Comparison

Chapter 15: A Requirements Comparison

15.1 Evolution of the IMT-Advanced Standards

15.2 Comparing Spectral Efficiency

15.3 Comparing Relay Adoption

15.4 Comparing Network Architectures

Chapter 16: Coexistence and Inter-Technology Handovers

16.1 Intersystem Interference

16.2 Inter-Technology Access

References

Chapter 17: Supporting Quality of Service

17.1 Scheduling in WiMAX

17.2 Scheduling in LTE and LTE-Advanced

17.3 Quantitative Comparison between LTE and WiMAX

References

Chapter 18: The Market View

18.1 Towards 4G Networks

18.2 IMT-Advanced Market Outlook

18.3 The Road Ahead

References

Chapter 19: The Road Ahead

19.1 Network Capacity

19.2 Access Heterogeneity

19.3 Cognitive Radio and Dynamic Spectrum

19.4 Network Intelligence

19.5 Access Network Architecture

19.6 Radio Resource Management

19.7 Green Wireless Access

References

Index

This edition first published 2012

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Hassanein, H. (Hossam)

LTE, LTE-advanced, and WiMAX : towards IMT-advanced networks / Hossam S. Hassanein,

Abd-Elhamid M. Taha, Najah Abu Ali.— 1st ed.

p. cm.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978-0-470-74568-7 (hardback)

1. Long-Term Evolution (Telecommunications) 2. IEEE 802.16 (Standard) I. Taha, Abd-Elhamid M. II. Ali, Najah Abu. III. Title.

TK5103.48325.H37 2012

621.3845′6— dc23

2011025964

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

Print ISBN: 9780470745687

ePDF ISBN: 9781119970453

oBook ISBN: 9781119970446

ePub ISBN: 9781119971467

mobi ISBN: 9781119971474

To the memory of Mohamed Taha, and the great father he was.

Abd-Elhamid

To my family, with a gratitude deep beyond what words can express.

Najah

To my loving family.

About the Authors

Abd-Elhamid M. Taha holds a strong expertise in wireless access technologies and networks. He has written and lectured on the subject of broadband wireless networks, with special emphasis on the design and deployment of radio resource management frameworks. He is currently a researcher and an adjunct assistant professor at Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario.

Najah Abu Ali is an expert on Access Wireless Networks architecture, design, QoS provisioning, implementation and performance. Her research interests comprise wired and wireless communication networks. Dr. Abu Ali has published and lectured widely on the subject of broadband wireless networks and their enabling technologies.

Hossam Hassanein is a leading authority in the areas of broadband, wireless and mobile networks architecture, protocols, control and performance evaluation. His record spans more than 300 publications in journals, conferences and book chapters, in addition to numerous keynotes and plenary talks in flagship venues. He is also the founder and director of the Telecommunications Research (TR) Lab at Queen's University School of Computing, with extensive international academic and industrial collaborations. Dr Hassanein is an IEEE Communications Society Distinguished Lecturer.

Preface

This is a book about IMT-Advanced access networks.

It is also a book that describes how these networks will be able to satisfy the ever increasing demand for mobile data. By some estimates, mobile traffic will take up to 6.3 exabytes (that is, 6.3 mega terabytes) per month in 2015. In 2015, there will also be one mobile device per capita—something in the range of 7.2 to 7.5 billion devices connected to the a wireless network. In 2020, the number of connected wireless devices will be more than 50 billion.

In 2008, the International Telecommunications Union—Radio Communications Sector (ITU-R) issued the requirements for the next generation cellular networks. In the requirements, the ITU-R the goals for the performance requirements of IMT-Advanced networks. The goals were ambitious relative to their predecessors, IMT-2000 or 3G networks, but not in terms of technologies. Simply put, the requirements had to do with accommodating the above noted increasing demand. They also had to do with enhancing the user overall wireless experience, starting from reducing the cost of the mobile handset the wireless device; reducing the cost and enhancing the quality mobile access; providing better support for both indoors and outdoors, in addition to higher quality connections at different mobility speeds. The requirements also made better international roaming a mandate. For operators, the requirements facilitated economic deployment, expansion and operation of wireless networks—a highly sought objective, especially after the great investments that were made in 3G networks.

In October 2010, the ITU-R recognized 3GPP's LTE-Advanced and IEEE's 802.16m (WiMAX 2.0) as two technologies satisfying the requirements for next generation wireless.

This book describes the technologies and functionalities that are enabling the two standards to realize these requirements. The exposition adopted parts from the traditional ways in which the two standards are introduced, which have generally been to follow the outlines of their respective recommendations. Instead, this book takes a “functionality-based” view, discerning information that answer questions like “what's IEEE 802.16m relay frame structure like?”, “how does a UE camp on an LTE-Advanced cell?” or “how is security different in WiMAX from LTE?” This view, while more tiresome to develop, makes it easier for the practitioner and the researchers to get to the heart of things quickly and with ease.

Our hope is that you will find our efforts useful.

Abd-Elhamid M. Taha

Najah Abu Ali

Hossam S. Hassanein

Acknowledgements

This book would not have been possible if it wasn't for the support of many.

The great (and very patient) editorial staff of Wiley & Sons, including Mark Hammond, Sarah Tilley, Sophia Travis, Susan Barclay, Mariam Cheok, and Keerthana Panneer of Laserwords Private Limited. Thank you for facilitating this book and making it possible.

The Broadly Project students at the Telecommunications Research Lab at the School of Computing, Queen's University, including (by alphabetical last name) Hatem Abou-Zeid, Hassan Ahmed, Abdallah Almaaitah, Mervat Fahmy, Pandeli Kolomitro, Mahmoud Ouda, Samad Razaghzadah, Mohamed Salah, and Nassif Shafi. Thank you for helping out at various parts of this book's development.

Ala Abu Alkheir did an excellent job in providing a much valued review of several chapters towards final stages of writing this book.

Sam Aleyadeh put in a lot of effort throughout into preparing the book's artwork, in addition to overseeing the required permissions from both IEEE and 3GPP.

Finally, we acknowledge the constant support of our families—one that was provided in many uncountable ways. We can never thank you enough.

List of Abbreviations

1GFirst Generation Wireless Networks2GSecond Generation Wireless Networks3GThird Generation Wireless Networks3GGP2Third Generation Partnership Project 23GPPThird Generation Partnership Project4GFourth Generation Wireless NetworksAAAAuthentication, Authorization and AccountabilityABSAdvanced Base StationACKAcknowledgement messageACMAdaptive Coding and ModulationADCAnalog to Digital ConversionAFAmplify and ForwardAKAAuthentication and Key AgreementA-MAPAdvanced allocation mapAMBRAggregate Maximum Bit RateAMSAdvanced Mobile Subscriber/StationANAccess Network ARQAutomatic Repeat RequestARSAdvanced Relay StationASAccess StratumASNAccess Service NetworkATMAsynchronous Transfer ModeBCCHBroadcast Control ChannelBCHBroadcast ChannelBEBest EffortBERBit Error RateBRBandwidth RequestBSBase StationBSIDBase Station IDCACCall Admission ControlCBRConstant Bit RateCCCHCommon Control ChannelCDMACode Division Multiple AccessCDSChannel Dependent aschedulingCGICell Global IdentificationCICell IdentifierCIDConnection IDCINRCarrier-to-Interference-and-Noise-RatioCMASCommercial Mobile Alert SystemCoMPCoordinated Multipoint TransmissionCPCyclic PrefixCPSCommon Part SublayerCQIChannel Quality Indicator CQICHChannel Quality Indicator ChannelCRCCyclic Redundancy CheckC-RNTICell Radio Network Temporary IdentifierCSService Convergence SublayerCSGClosed Subscriber Group CSIChannel State InformationCSNConnectivity Service NetworkDACDigital to Analog ConversionDBPC-REQDownlink Burst Profile Change RequestDBPC-RSPDownlink Burst Profile Change ResponseDCCHDedicated Control ChannelDCDDownlink Channel DescriptorDeNBDonor eNB DFTDiscrete Fourier TransformationDHCPDynamic Host Configuration ProtocolDLDownlinkDL-MAPDownlink allocation mapDL-SCHDownlink Shared ChannelDOCSISData Over Cable Service Interface SpecificationDRRDefict Round RobinDRXDiscontinuous ReceptionDSADynamic Service AdditionDSA-REQDynamic Service Addition RequestDSA-RSPDynamnic Service Addition ResponseDSCDynamic Service ChangeDSC-REQDynamic Service Change RequestDSC-RSPDynamic Service Change ResponseDSDDynamic Service flow Deletion