Mechanical Properties and Performance of Engineering Ceramics and Composites X E-Book

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Fachliteratur
• Serie: Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 191

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2015

Beschreibung

The Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceeding has been published by The American Ceramic Society since 1980. This series contains a collection of papers dealing with issues in both traditional ceramics (i.e., glass, whitewares, refractories, and porcelain enamel) and advanced ceramics. Topics covered in the area of advanced ceramic include bioceramics, nanomaterials, composites, solid oxide fuel cells, mechanical properties and structural design, advanced ceramic coatings, ceramic armor, porous ceramics, and more.

Leseprobe

Mechanical Properties and Performance of Engineering Ceramics and Composites X

A Collection of Papers Presented at the 39th International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites January 25-30, 2015 Daytona Beach, Florida

EditorsDileep SinghJonathan SalemVolume EditorsJingyang WangSoshu Kirihara

Copyright © 2016 by The American Ceramic Society. All rights reserved.

Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey. Published simultaneously in Canada.

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available.

ISBN: 978-1-119-21128-0 ISSN: 0196-6219

CONTENTS

PREFACE

INTRODUCTION

INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR PROPERTIES AND PERFORMANCE OF ADVANCED CERAMICS

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION

ASTM AND COMMITTEE C28 ADVANCED CERAMICS

SUBCOMMITTEES OF ASTM COMMITTEE C28

COLLABORATION

EXAMPLES OF TANGIBLE BENEFITS

CONCLUSIONS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

REFERENCES

TENSILE CREEP AND RUPTURE BEHAVIOR OF DIFFERENT FIBER CONTENT AND TYPE SINGLE TOW SIC/SIC MINICOMPOSITES

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION

MATERIALS, EXPERIMENTAL SETUP AND METHODOLGY

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

CONCLUSIONS

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

REFERENCES

OPTICAL DEFORMATION ANALYSIS OF ALUMINA BASED WOUND HIGHLY POROUS CMCS

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION

MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS

EXPERIMENTAL SETUP

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

CONCLUSIONS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

REFERENCES

ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE AND ACOUSTIC EMISSION DURING FATIGUE TESTING OF SiC/SiC COMPOSITES

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION

EXPERIMENTAL

RESULTS AND DISCUSS IONS

CONCLUSIONS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

REFERENCES

Ti-BASED CERAMIC COMPOSITE PROCESSING USING HYBRID CENTRIFUGAL THERMITE ASSISTED TECHNIQUE

ABSTRACT

1 INTRODUCTION

2 MATERIALS AND METHODS

3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

4 CONCLUSIONS

ACKNOWLEDGEDMENTS

REFERENCES

CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITES: RESIDUAL TENSILE TESTING AFTER INTERMEDIATE TEMPERATURE OXIDATION

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION

PROCEDURE

RESULTS

DATA ANALYSIS/DISCUSSION

CONCLUSION

FUTURE WORK

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

REFERENCES

CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITES: EFFECT OF DEFECTS ON FATIGUE AND NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION

EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

CONCLUSION

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

REFERENCES

EFFECT OF PARTICLE LOADING ON PROPERTIES, DAMPING, AND WEAR OF AL/SIC MMCS

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION

PROCESSING OF AL/SIC MMC

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

NOVEL APPLICATION OF FRACTAL ANALYSIS IN REFRACTORY COMPOSITE MICROSTURCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION

EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

CONCLUSION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

REFERENCES

HARDMETALS BASED ON NIOBIUM CARBIDE (NBC) VERSUS CASTED NBC BEARING MMCs

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION

MATERIALS

TRIBOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR

CONCLUSIONS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

REFERENCES

WEIGHT LOSS MECHANISM OF (La

0.8

Sr

0.2

)

0.98

MnO

3±6

DURING THERMAL CYCLES

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION

EXPERIMENTAL SETUP

RESULTS

SUMMARY

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

REFERENCES

ENGINEERING APPLICATION OF MENGER SPONGE

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION

EXPERIMENTAL

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

CONCLUSION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

REFERENCES

AUTHOR INDEX

EULA

List of Tables

TENSILE CREEP AND RUPTURE BEHAVIOR OF DIFFERENT FIBER CONTENT AND TYPE SINGLE TOW SIC/SIC MINICOMPOSITES

Table 1. Constituents properties.

OPTICAL DEFORMATION ANALYSIS OF ALUMINA BASED WOUND HIGHLY POROUS CMCS

Table I: Experimental parameters ARAMIS:

Table II: Experimental results of batch W1069.

Table III: Data from unidirectional material.

Table IV: Parameters Classical laminate theory (CLT).

Table V: Comparison of (effective) stiffness, 0|90° test direction

ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE AND ACOUSTIC EMISSION DURING FATIGUE TESTING OF SiC/SiC COMPOSITES

Table 1. Material properties of HNS and SA fiber composites

Ti-BASED CERAMIC COMPOSITE PROCESSING USING HYBRID CENTRIFUGAL THERMITE ASSISTED TECHNIQUE

Table 1: Characteristics of the reactant powders

Table 2: JCPDC card reference list and their weight fraction

CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITES: RESIDUAL TENSILE TESTING AFTER INTERMEDIATE TEMPERATURE OXIDATION

Table I. Manufacturing Goals, Fiber Volume and Proportional Limit for Panel Types

Table II. Porosity Analysis (Image) for the Three Panel Types

Table III. Average Room Temperature As-Received Tensile Data

Table IV. Average Residual Room Temperature Tensile Data: 8 HS Balance Symmetric

Table V. Average Residual Room Temperature Tensile Data: 8 HS Bias Weave

Table VI. Average Residual Room Temperature Tensile Data: Angle Interlock

EFFECT OF PARTICLE LOADING ON PROPERTIES, DAMPING, AND WEAR OF AL/SIC MMCS

Table I: Physical Properties of Al/SiC MMCs with 30, 55 and 70% SiC Additions

Table II: Summary of the Measured Physical and Mechanical Properties of Al/SiC MMCs

Table III: Damping Characteristics of Al/SiC MMCs

Table IV: Ratio of Compressive Yield Strength to Ultimate Tensile Strength

NOVEL APPLICATION OF FRACTAL ANALYSIS IN REFRACTORY COMPOSITE MICROSTURCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION

Table 1. Chemic al composition of compone nt material s and refractory concre te.

Table 2. Mix-de sign of the refractory CFA concrete.

Table 3. The properties of the CFA concrete in function of the testing temperature.

List of Illustrations

INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR PROPERTIES AND PERFORMANCE OF ADVANCED CERAMICS

Figure 1 Committee Structure of ASTM Committee C28 on Advanced Ceramics

Figure 2 Holograph of selected ASTM standards under the jurisdiction of Committee C28

TENSILE CREEP AND RUPTURE BEHAVIOR OF DIFFERENT FIBER CONTENT AND TYPE SINGLE TOW SIC/SIC MINICOMPOSITES

Fig. 1. (a) Schematic and (b) picture of creep experiment setup.

Fig. 2. (a) Estimated crack density evolution from AE at room temperature as a function of minicomposite stress for HN, HNS and ZMI fibers reinforced ceramic matrix minicomposite. (b) Micrograph of longitudinal surface of precracked Hi-Nicalon minicomposite

Fig. 3. Representative creep curves of (a) pristine HN, HNS and ZMI fibers reinforced minicomposites and (b) pristine and precracked HN minicomposites.

Fig. 4. Stress as a function of time to rupture in creep. (a-c) Pristine and precracked HN minicomposites (minicomposite stress (a) and stress on the fibers if fully loaded (c)). (b-d) Pristine and precracked HNS minicomposites (minicomposite stress (b) and stress on the fibers if fully loaded (d)). Solid symbols for pristine samples. Open symbols for precracked samples.

Fig. 5. Comparison of creep strain rates of precracked and pristine HN and HNS minicomposites

Fig. 6. Representative creep curve for HNS minicomposite with high fiber content with illustration of the different creep strain regions.

Fig. 7. Stresses on fibers and matrix at the start of creep tests and after 100 hours of creep at 1200°C for three different fiber volume fractions of Hi-Nicalon minicomposites.

OPTICAL DEFORMATION ANALYSIS OF ALUMINA BASED WOUND HIGHLY POROUS CMCS

Figure 1. Winding process: begin of a winding session (left), center: sketch of a square with two signs in the orientation of the bundle and the cross-over line (dotted), fiber bundles are bent in the vicinity of the cross-over line as denoted by the sketch on the right

Figure 2: Test arrangement with ARAMIS (two objectives and light sources) and a WHIPOX-sample clamped in the fixture

Figure 3: Longitudinal strains collected by DIC (batch W1285, 0|90°, stacked cross-over lines)

Figure 4: stress-strain graphs based on averaged strains for total sample, cross-over line and layered section from the path depicted in Figure 3.

Figure 5: ARAMIS captures and overall longitudi nal strain di stribution: Cross-over lines in offset, fiber orientation 0|90° and horizontal test direction

Figure 6: Stress-strain from experimental data (0|90°): basic tensile tests on W1069 samples, tensile test with ARAMIS analysis on a W 1287 sample and simulation

Figure 7: ARAMIS captures and overall longitudinal strain distribution (W1287): Cross-over lines in offset, fiber orientation ±45° and horizontal tensile load direction

Figure 8: Stress-strain from experimental data (±45°): W1069, ARAMIS and simulation

ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE AND ACOUSTIC EMISSION DURING FATIGUE TESTING OF SiC/SiC COMPOSITES

Figure 1. Sensor set-up

Figure. 2 Stress-strain curve of HNS and SA loaded at 0.01Hz (a and b) and 0.1Hz (c and d)

Figure 3. Cum. En and Cum. Events versus stress for HNS (a,b) and SA (c,d) cycled at 0.01Hz

Figure 4. Typical ER respond under cyclic loading for SA specimen loaded at 0.01Hz

Figure 5. Total trend of ER behavior (solid line ) and Cum. En (dots) versus number of cycles for HNS and SA specimens loaded at 0.01Hz and 0.1 Hz.

Figure 6. Normalized loop area & Cum. En and change of ER versus number of cycles of HNS specimen cycled at 0.01Hz with final stress stage of 200MPa.

Figure 7. Micrographs of cycled HNS and SA specimens

Ti-BASED CERAMIC COMPOSITE PROCESSING USING HYBRID CENTRIFUGAL THERMITE ASSISTED TECHNIQUE

Figure 1: Ti+C offset centrifugal thermite to produce ceramic parts and pellet under centrifugal acceleration

Figure 2: SEM micrograph and elemental analysis of the Ti +C surface

Figure 3: X-ray diffraction pattern of sample surface

CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITES: RESIDUAL TENSILE TESTING AFTER INTERMEDIATE TEMPERATURE OXIDATION

Figure 1. Pulse-Echo Thermography of 8 HS Balance Symmetric Coupons

Figure 2. 8 HS Balance Symmetric Thermal Diffusivity versus Evolved Strain from Durability Testing

Figure 3. 8 HS Bias Weave Thermal Diffusivi ty versus Evolved Strain from Durability Testing

Figure 4. Angle Interlock Weave Thermal Diffusivity versus Evolved StraIn from Durability Testing

Figure 5. SEM and Oxygen Element Map of Samples at 649°C and 982°C

CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITES: EFFECT OF DEFECTS ON FATIGUE AND NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION

Figure 1. Graph of porosity measured by image analysis from X-Ray CT scans versus diffusivity for fatigue samples with 5, 7, 9 and 11 infiltration cycles.

Figure 2. Graph of proportional limit versus diffusivity for tensile samples with 5, 7, 9 and 11 infiltration cycles.

Figure 3. Graph of cycles to failure in fatigue at 982°C, 104MPa, versus diffusivity taken from the gauge section of samples with 5, 7, 9 and 11 infiltration cycles.

Figure 4. Comparison of thermography image, fracture location and percent porosity and individual pore volume for two fatigue samples that had 7 and 9 PIP infiltration cycles.

Figure 5. Histogram of larger pore volume for samples with 5, 7 and 9 PIP infiltrations.

EFFECT OF PARTICLE LOADING ON PROPERTIES, DAMPING, AND WEAR OF AL/SIC MMCS

Figure 1: The feedstock is dispersed and cast into the appropriate shape

Figure 2: Pressure-less preform infiltration process

Figure 3: Optical photomicrographs of (a) Al/SiC-30p, (b) Al/SiC-55p & (c) Al/SiC-70p

Figure 4: Comparison of the wear resistance of Al/SiC MMCs to traditional metals

Figure 5: Comparsion of Compressive Yield Strength of Al/SiC MMCs to aluminum and sintered SiC

Figure 6: Image of Al/Si C MMCs after compression test

NOVEL APPLICATION OF FRACTAL ANALYSIS IN REFRACTORY COMPOSITE MICROSTURCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION

Figure 1. The particle size distribution of the original and activated ash samples.

Figure 2. a) SEM microphotograph of refractory concrete surface; b) Numerically generated surface from the Fig. 2a.

Figure 3. a) Isolines map of the surface from Fig. 2b; b) Close up of the map in Fig.3a.

Figure 4. a) Further close up of the map in the Fig. 3b; b)

diag(DFT)

of the surface from Fig. 2b.

Figure 5. a) SEM of the surface of refractory concre te; b) Numerically generated surface from the microphotograph Fig. 5a.

figure 6. a) DFT of the surface from Fig. 2b; b) DFT of the surface from Fig. 5b.

figure 7. Regression analysis of the log-log diagrams: a) for the surface from Fig. 2b; b) for the surface from Fig. 5b.

Hardmetals based on niobium carbide (NbC) versus casted NbC bearing MMCs

Figure 1. Microstructure and phase compositi on of NbC-based MMC (l eft: phase map by electron back scattering diffracti on (EBSD); right: x-ray diffrac tion (XRD)

Figure 2. Microstructure of NbC-based MMC (light optical microscope, polished with SiO

2

-based suspension “OP-U”)

Figure 3. Morphology by SEM of Vickers indents in NbC grains

Figure 4. Coefficient of friction of cobalt or Fe

3

Al bonded NbCs and Fe

3

Al-NbC compared to different ceramics and hard metals [7,9] under dry friction at RT and 400°C

Figure 5. Total wear coefficients of cobalt or Fe

3

Al bonded NbCs and Fe

3

Al-NbC compared to different ceramics and hard metals [7,9] under dry friction at RT and 400°C

Figure 6. Morphology by SEM of wear tracks at 22°C of Fe

3

Al-NbC MMC (counter body: polished 99,7% alumina; s= 5.000 m (or 50.000 cycles), F

N

0max

WEIGHT LOSS MECHANISM OF (La

0.8

Sr

0.2

)

0.98

MnO

3±6

DURING THERMAL CYCLES

Figure 1.

Weight change behavior of the quenched LSM-20 powder in air atmosphere in various te mpe rature cycles

.

Figure 2.

The quantitative Brouwer diagram with the description of all the species involved in LSM-20 in air at different temperature.

Figure 3.

The quantitative Brouwer diagram on the concentration of at different temperature (left); the relative weight loss of LSM calculated based onconcentration change (right).

Figure 4.

The weight change (left) and molar change (right) of LSM20 in the temperature range from room temperature to 1400°C in air.

Figure 5.

The quantitative Brouwer diagram of LSM-20 for the concentration ofand (left) and the antisite in the temperature range from room temperature to 1400°C in air.

ENGINEERING APPLICATION OF MENGER SPONGE

Figure 1. Menger-sponge-type Repetition procedure of Menger sponge from 0th stage.

Figure 2. Menger repetitive specimen: (a) appearance, (b) size and (c) shape.

Figure 3. Anisotropic surfaces of the specimens.

Figure 4. Damage behavior of 2nd stage Menger repetitive specimen: (a) deformation and (b) damage and crack initiation.

Figure 5. Simulated strain energy distribution of half height of 0th∼3rd stages, (a) and concept of deformation constraint in the specimen, (b).

Figure 6. The crack initiation places of continuous stages of Menger repetitive material and Menger sponge fractal.

Figure 7. Young’s moduli obtained by experimental and FEM results, open cell and closed cell porous material.

Guide

Cover

Table of Contents

Preface

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Preface

This volume is a compilation of papers presented in the Mechanical Behavior and Performance of Ceramics & Composites symposium during the 39th International Conference & Exposition on Advanced Ceramics and Composites (ICACC) held January 25–30, 2015, in Daytona Beach, Florida.

This long-standing symposium received presentations on a wide variety of topics thus providing the opportunity for researchers in different areas of related fields to interact. This volume emphasizes some practical aspects of real-world engineering applications of materials such as oxidation, fatigue, wear, nondestructive evaluation, and mechanical behavior as associated with systems ranging from niobium carbide metal-matrix composites to lanthanum-strontium-manganite to oxide and carbide ceramic matrix composites. Symposium topics included:

Fabrication, Microstructure and Properties

Creep and Fatigue

Oxidation and Wear

NDE

Significant time and effort is required to organize a symposium and publish a proceeding volume. We would like to extend our sincere thanks and appreciation to the symposium organizers, invited speakers, session chairs, presenters, manuscript reviewers, and conference attendees for their enthusiastic participation and contributions. Finally, credit also goes to the dedicated, tireless and courteous staff at The American Ceramic Society for making this symposium a huge success.

DILEEP SINGH Argonne National Laboratory

JONATHAN SALEM NASA Glenn Research Center

Introduction

This CESP issue consists of papers that were submitted and approved for the proceedings of the 39th International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites (ICACC), held January 25–30, 2015 in Daytona Beach, Florida. ICACC is the most prominent international meeting in the area of advanced structural, functional, and nanoscopic ceramics, composites, and other emerging ceramic materials and technologies. This prestigious conference has been organized by the Engineering Ceramics Division (ECD) of The American Ceramic Society (ACerS) since 1977.

The 39th ICACC hosted more than 1,000 attendees from 40 countries and over 800 presentations. The topics ranged from ceramic nanomaterials to structural reliability of ceramic components which demonstrated the linkage between materials science developments at the atomic level and macro level structural applications. Papers addressed material, model, and component development and investigated the interrelations between the processing, properties, and microstructure of ceramic materials.

The 2015 conference was organized into the following 21 symposia and sessions:

Symposium 1

Mechanical Behavior and Performance of Ceramics and Composites

Symposium 2

Advanced Ceramic Coatings for Structural, Environmental, and Functional Applications

Symposium 3

12th International Symposium on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC): Materials, Science, and Technology

Symposium 4

Armor Ceramics: Challenges and New Developments

Symposium 5

Next Generation Bioceramics and Biocomposites

Symposium 6

Advanced Materials and Technologies for Energy Generation and Rechargeable Energy Storage

Symposium 7

9th International Symposium on Nanostructured Materials and Nanocomposites

Symposium 8

9th International Symposium on Advanced Processing & Manufacturing Technologies for Structural & Multifunctional Materials and Systems (APMT), In Honor of Prof. Stuart Hampshire

Symposium 9

Porous Ceramics: Novel Developments and Applications

Symposium 10

Virtual Materials (Computational) Design and Ceramic Genome

Symposium 11

Advanced Materials and Innovative Processing ideas for the Industrial Root Technology

Symposium 12

Materials for Extreme Environments: Ultrahigh Temperature Ceramics (UHTCs) and Nanolaminated Ternary Carbides and Nitrides (MAX Phases)

Symposium 13

Advanced Ceramics and Composites for Sustainable Nuclear Energy and Fusion Energy

Focused Session 1

Geopolymers, Chemically Bonded Ceramics, Eco-friendly and Sustainable Materials

Focused Session 2

Advanced Ceramic Materials and Processing for Photonics and Energy

Focused Session 3

Materials Diagnostics and Structural Health Monitoring of Ceramic Components and Systems

Focused Session 4

Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies

Focused Session 5

Single Crystalline Materials for Electrical, Optical and Medical Applications

Focused Session 6

Field Assisted Sintering and Related Phenomena at High Temperatures

Special Session

2nd European Union-USA Engineering Ceramics Summit

Special Session

4th Global Young Investigators Forum

The proceedings papers from this conference are published in the below seven issues of the 2015 CESP; Volume 36, Issues 2-8, as listed below.

Mechanical Properties and Performance of Engineering Ceramics and Composites X, CESP Volume 36, Issue 2 (includes papers from Symposium 1)

Advances in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells and Electronic Ceramics, CESP Volume 36, Issue 3 (includes papers from Symposium 3 and Focused Session 5)

Advances in Ceramic Armor XI, CESP Volume 36, Issue 4 (includes papers from Symposium 4)

Advances in Bioceramics and Porous Ceramics VIII, CESP Volume 36, Issue 5 (includes papers from Symposia 5 and 9)

Advanced Processing and Manufacturing Technologies for Nanostructured and Multifunctional Materials II, CESP Volume 36, Issue 6 (includes papers from Symposia 7 and 8 and Focused Sessions 4 and 6)

Ceramic Materials for Energy Applications V, CESP Volume 36, Issue 7 (includes papers from Symposia 6 and 13 and Focused Session 2)

Developments in Strategic Ceramic Materials, CESP Volume 36, Issue 8 (includes papers from Symposia 2, 10, 11, and 12; from Focused Sessions 1 and 3); the European-USA Engineering Ceramics Summit; and the 4th Annual Global Young Investigator Forum

The organization of the Daytona Beach meeting and the publication of these proceedings were possible thanks to the professional staff of ACerS and the tireless dedication of many ECD members. We would especially like to express our sincere thanks to the symposia organizers, session chairs, presenters and conference attendees, for their efforts and enthusiastic participation in the vibrant and cutting-edge conference.

ACerS and the ECD invite you to attend the Jubilee Celebration of the 40th International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites (http://www.ceramics.org/daytona2016) January 24-29, 2016 in Daytona Beach, Florida.

To purchase additional CESP issues as well as other ceramic publications, visit the ACerS-Wiley Publications home page at www.wiley.com/go/ceramics.

JINGYANG WANG, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China

SOSHU KIRIHARA, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

Volume Editors July 2015

INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR PROPERTIES AND PERFORMANCE OF ADVANCED CERAMICS

Michael G. Jenkins,

Bothell Engineering & Science Technologies, Bothell, WA, USA, [email protected]

Jonathan A. Salem,