Medical Disorders in Pregnancy E-Book

• Herausgeber: John Wiley & Sons
• Kategorie: Fachliteratur
• Sprache: Englisch

Seitenzahl: 1116

Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2012

Beschreibung

Praise for the 1st edition:

"This book is a must have for any midwife, particularly those working in the community, clinics and in high-risk areas.... This book is an extremely useful reference tool." (MIDIRS Midwifery Digest)

"The important facts are laid out concisely, primarily focusing on management, using evidence based guidelines for best midwifery practice." (RCGP Journal)

Medical Disorders in Pregnancy: A Guide for Midwives, 2nd edition clearly outlines existing and pre-existing conditions which women can experience during pregnancy. This comprehensive and practical handbook identifies issues for pre-conception care, defines the condition, explores possible complications, outlines recommended treatment and emphasizes specific midwifery care.

This fully revised and updated edition of Medical Disorders in Pregnancy: A Guide for Midwives builds on the success of the first edition by covering more subjects.  It includes physiology, more illustrations and algorithms and its accessible reference-style text enables information to be quickly and easily found.

Special Features

• A practical guide on medical disorders written specifically for midwives
• Jointly written by medical and midwifery experts in the field
• Accessible reference style format makes information easy and quick to find
• Emphasis on inter-professional working

Leseprobe

Table of Contents

Cover

Companion Website

Dedication

Title page

Copyright page

Contributors

Acknowledgements

Acronyms, Abbreviations and Cardiac Terms

CARDIAC TERMS

Foreword

Foreword to the First Edition

Preface

1 MIDWIFERY CARE AND MEDICAL DISORDERS

1 Midwifery Care and Medical Disorders

INTRODUCTION

PRE-CONCEPTION CARE

ANTENATAL CARE

INTRAPARTUM CARE

POSTNATAL CARE

GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS

EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT

PREVENTING MATERNAL MORTALITY

PATIENT ORGANISATIONS

ESSENTIAL READING

Appendix 1.1 UK Maternal Deaths – Causes and Risk Factors

Number of Deaths from Consecutive UK Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Mortality

Appendix 1.2 Daily Vitamin and Mineral Dietary Intake for Pregnancy and Lactation

2 SKIN DISORDERS

2.1 Physiological Skin Changes in Pregnancy

2.2 Dermatoses Specific to Pregnancy

2.3 Eczema

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

2.4 Psoriasis

INTRODUCTION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

PATIENT ORGANISATIONS

ESSENTIAL READING

Appendix 2.2.1 Emollients and Steroid Creams

3 HYPERTENSIVE DISORDERS

3.1 Chronic Hypertension

INTRODUCTION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

3.2 Pre-eclampsia

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

3.3 Severe Pre-eclampsia and Eclampsia

INTRODUCTION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

3.4 HELLP Syndrome

INTRODUCTION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

PATIENT ORGANISATIONS

ESSENTIAL READING

4 HEART DISEASE

4.1 Mild Structural Heart Disease

EXPLANATION OF CONDITIONS

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

4.2 Moderate Structural Heart Disease

EXPLANATION OF CONDITIONS

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

4.3 Severe Structural Heart Disease

EXPLANATION OF CONDITIONS

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

4.4 Rheumatic and Valvular Heart Disease

EXPLANATION OF CONDITIONS

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

4.5 Marfan’s Syndrome

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

4.6 Functional Heart Disease: Cardiomyopathy

EXPLANATION OF CONDITIONS

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

4.7 Functional Heart Disease: Arrhythmias

EXPLANATION OF CONDITIONS

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

4.8 Ischaemic Heart Disease: Angina and Myocardial Infarction

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

4.9 Pulmonary Hypertension and Eisenmenger’s Syndrome

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

4.10 Heart Transplant

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

PATIENT ORGANISATIONS

ESSENTIAL READING

Appendix 4.3.1 Drugs for Cardiac Disease – An Overview for Midwives

5 RESPIRATORY DISORDERS

5.1 The Breathless Pregnant Woman

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

5.2 Asthma

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

5.3 Pneumonia and Chest Infections

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

5.4 Tuberculosis

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

5.5 Cystic Fibrosis

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

5.6 Sarcoidosis

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

PATIENT ORGANISATIONS

ESSENTIAL READING

Appendix 5.2.1 Asthma in Pregnancy: An Information Leaflet for Pregnant Women

6 RENAL DISORDERS

6.1 Urinary Tract Infections

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

6.2 Chronic Kidney Disease

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

6.3 Dialysis in Pregnancy

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

6.4 Renal Transplantation

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

6.5 Nephrotic Syndrome

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

PATIENT ORGANISATIONS

ESSENTIAL READING

Appendix 6.3.1 Replacement of Renal Function by Dialysis

HAEMODIALYSIS (HD)

PERITONEAL DIALYSIS (PD)

7 ENDOCRINE DISORDERS

7.1 Hypothyroidism

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

7.2 Thyrotoxicosis

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

7.3 Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

7.4 Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

7.5 Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

TREATMENT AND CARE

7.6 Addison’s Disease (Adrenal Insufficiency)

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

7.7 Prolactinoma

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

MACROPROLACTINOMA

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

PATIENT ORGANISATIONS

ESSENTIAL READING

Appendix 7.3.1 Diabetes Mellitus

CRITERIA FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF DIABETES MELLITUS

SUGGESTED REGIMEN FOR MANAGEMENT OF DIABETES DURING LABOUR

FEATURES OF THE METABOLIC SYNDROME

8 NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS

8.1 Migraine and Headaches

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

8.2 Epilepsy

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

8.3 Cerebrovascular Disease and Stroke

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

8.4 Bell’s Palsy

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

8.5 Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

8.6 Myasthenia Gravis

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

8.7 Multiple Sclerosis

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

PATIENT ORGANISATIONS

ESSENTIAL READING

Appendix 8.2.1 Drugs Used for Neurological Conditions

9 MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS

9.1 Back and Pelvic Pain

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

9.2 Diastasis Recti Abdominis

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

9.3 Pregnancy Related Pelvic Girdle Pain

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

9.4 Hypovitaminosis D

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

AREAS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

9.5 Osteoporosis

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

PATIENT ORGANISATIONS

ESSENTIAL READING

Appendix 9.1.1 Pain Therapy Ladder for Pregnancy

10 GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS

10.1 Gastro-oesophageal Reflux and Hiatus Hernia

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

10.2 Coeliac Disease

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

10.3 Ulcerative Colitis

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

10.4 Crohn’s Disease

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

10.5 Irritable Bowel Syndrome

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

10.6 Haemorrhoids

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

10.7 Anal Sphincter Disorders

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

10.8 Obstetric Cholestasis

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

10.9 Gall Bladder and Pancreatic Disease

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

PATIENT ORGANISATIONS

ESSENTIAL READING

Appendix 10.3.1 Care of a Stoma

Appendix 10.5.1 Management Algorithm of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

11 AUTOIMMUNE DISORDERS

11.1 Rheumatoid Arthritis

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

11.2 Raynaud’s Phenomenon

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

11.3 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

11.4 Antiphospholipid (Hughes) Syndrome

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

PATIENT ORGANISATIONS

ESSENTIAL READING

Appendix 11.1.1 Drugs for Autoimmune Disease – An Overview for Midwives

12 INFECTIOUS CONDITIONS

12.1 Viral Hepatitis

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

12.2 Human Immunodeficiency Virus

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

12.3 Malaria

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

12.4 Chickenpox

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

12.5 Toxoplasmosis

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

12.6 Listeriosis

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

12.7 Herpes Simplex Virus

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

12.8 Streptococcal Sepsis

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

PATIENT ORGANISATIONS

ESSENTIAL READING

Appendix 12.1.1 The ABC of Hepatitis

Appendix 12.2.1 Other Infectious Viral Diseases

Appendix 12.2.2 Other Infectious Bacterial Diseases

13 METABOLIC DISORDERS

13.1 Obesity

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

13.2 Phenylketonuria

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

13.3 Hyperemesis Gravidarum

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

13.4 Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

PATIENT ORGANISATIONS

USEFUL WEBSITES

ESSENTIAL READING

Appendix 13.1.1 Body Mass Index

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – BODY MASS INDEX

14 HAEMATOLOGICAL DISORDERS

14.1 Iron Deficiency Anaemia

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

14.2 Megaloblastic Anaemia

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

14.3 Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

14.4 Von Willebrand’s Disease and Other Bleeding Disorders

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

14.5 Thrombocytopenia in Pregnancy

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

14.6 Thalassaemia

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

14.7 Sickle Cell Disorders

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

PATIENT ORGANISATIONS

ESSENTIAL READING

Appendix 14.1.1 Blood and Blood Products Overview

BLOOD PRODUCTS

15 THROMBO-EMBOLIC DISORDERS

15.1 Thrombophilia and Inherited Clotting Disorders

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

15.2 Deep Vein Thrombosis

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

Patient Information Leaflet to Avoid Travel Related DVT

INTRODUCTION

WHAT IS TRAVEL-RELATED DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS?

BEFORE THE TRIP

AFTER THE TRIP

15.3 Pulmonary Embolism

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

15.4 Thromboprophylaxis

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

PATIENT ORGANISATIONS

ESSENTIAL READING

Appendix 15.4.1 Thrombo-embolic Disease Stockings

16 ADDICTIVE DISORDERS

16.1 Substance Misuse

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

16.2 Alcohol Addiction

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

16.3 Tobacco and Cannabis Use

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

16.4 Cocaine Addiction

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

16.5 Opiate Addiction

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

16.6 Stimulant Addiction

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

PATIENT ORGANISATIONS

ESSENTIAL READING

Appendix 16.1.1 Applying a Formal Assessment Framework

Appendix 16.3.1 Preventing SIDS: Advice to Parents

Cut smoking in pregnancy – fathers too!

Appendix 16.4.1 Care of the Baby Who Experiences Withdrawal

SYMPTOMS

NEONATAL ABSTINENCE SYNDROME

PARENTS

BREAST-FEEDING

MEDICATION

17 PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS

17.1 Antenatal Psychiatric Disorders

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

17.2 Postnatal Psychiatric Disorders

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

17.3 Eating Disorders

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

17.4 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

PATIENT ORGANISATIONS

ESSENTIAL READING

Appendix 17.1 Treatment Guidance for Depression

MEDICAL MANAGEMENT OF DEPRESSION

18 NEOPLASIA

18.1 Gestational Trophoblastic Disease

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

18.2 Cervical Cancer

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

18.3 Cervical Screening

EXPLANATION OF SCREENING

NON-PREGNANCY AND PRE-CONCEPTION CARE

18.4 Breast Cancer

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

18.5 Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

18.6 Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

COMPLICATIONS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

18.7 Ovarian Neoplasia

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

SYMPTOMS

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

18.8 Malignant Melanoma

EXPLANATION OF CONDITION

NON-PREGNANCY TREATMENT AND CARE

PRE-CONCEPTION ISSUES AND CARE

PATIENT ORGANISATIONS

ESSENTIAL READING

Index

CHECK OUT THE

MEDICAL DISORDERS IN PREGNANCY

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Details about the book's contributors

Ed Howarth 1962–2010

We have dedicated this edition of the book to one of our authors who died in 2010 from complications following bone marrow transplantation for lymphoma.

Edmund Steven Howarth (‘Ed’ to all who knew him) qualified in Dundee in 1986 and after training in Obstetrics and Gynaecology was one of the inaugural sub-speciality trainees in Maternal and Fetal Medicine in Leicester where he was subsequently appointed as a consultant. Ed worked tirelessly to establish the Maternal Medicine Services in Leicester as well as establishing strong links with the Perinatal Epidemiology Unit at Leicester University.

Ed was a passionate teacher and always strove to raise the profile of specialist midwifery within maternal medicine services. He was an obvious choice as an author for this book and his ongoing contributions will be greatly missed. Ed will always be remembered for his enthusiasm, thoroughness and his ‘matter of fact’ approach to his clinical practice.

A great personality with a dry sense of humour, Ed had an excellent rapport with pregnant women and midwives. He will be remembered as a mothers’ champion and a midwives’ friend. Ed leaves a wife, two daughters and two granddaughters and will be sorely missed by all who knew him.

This edition first published 2013 © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

First edition published 2008 © 2008 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Blackwell Publishing was acquired by John Wiley & Sons in February 2007. Blackwell’s publishing program has been merged with Wiley’s global Scientific, Technical and Medical business to form Wiley-Blackwell.

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Medical disorders in pregnancy : a manual for midwives / edited by S. Elizabeth Robson and Jason Waugh. – 2nd ed.

p. ; cm.

 Includes bibliographical references and index.

 ISBN 978-1-4443-3748-8 (pbk. : alk. paper)

 I. Robson, S. Elizabeth. II. Waugh, Jason.

 [DNLM: 1. Pregnancy Complications–Handbooks. 2. Midwifery–Handbooks. 3. Prenatal Care–methods–Handbooks. WQ 39]

 618.2–dc23

2012013830

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books.

Cover image courtesy of S. Elizabeth Robson

Cover design by Garth Stewart

Contributors

EDITORS

S. Elizabeth Robson RGN RM ADM Cert(A)Ed MTD MSc FHEA.Principal Lecturer in Midwifery; N&M Recruitment and Public Engagement Lead at De Montfort University

Jason Waugh MB BS BSc(Hons) MRCOG DAConsultant in Obstetrics and Maternal Medicine at the Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne

MIDWIFERY AND NURSING AUTHORS

Abena Addo MA , PDGE, BSc, RGN, RMSenior Lecturer in Midwifery at De Montfort University

Eleanor Burns-Kent RM BSc(Hons)Midwife at the University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust

Rhoda Cowell BSc(Hons) RGN, DipEdCommunity Dermatology Specialist Nurse and Non-Medical Prescriber at County Durham and Darlington Foundation Trust

Claire Dodd RGN BA(Hons), RM BSc(Hons)Specialist Midwife in Hypertension at the University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust

Rowena Doughty MSc PGDE BA(Hons) RGN RM ADM FHEA.Senior Lecturer in Midwifery, Supervisor of Midwives and Deputy Lead Midwife for Education at De Montfort University

Daksha Elliott RGN RSCNLead Nurse/ Manager, Leicestershire Sickle Cell & Thalassaemia Service at the University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust

Caroline Farrar RGN RM BSc(Hons) PGDipEd MSCSenior Lecturer in Midwifery at De Montfort University

Madeleine Findlay RGN RM BSc(Hons) PG Cert Education and TrainingCurrently Parent Education Co-ordinator Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne

Deborah Frost RGN RM BSc(Hons) AHEAAcademic Co-ordinator, University of Leicester

Michelle GoldieFormerly Specialist Midwife at the University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust

Andrea Goodlife RM Dip.Renal nursingSpecialist midwife in hypertension and renal disease at the University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust

Kathryn GutteridgeRGN, RM, SoM, MSc & PG.Dip Counselling & PsychotherapyConsultant Midwife Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust

Juliet Houghton MSc Dip RGN RSCN ENB:934Recently the Child and Family HIV/Hepatitis Specialist Nurse at the University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, and nowProgramme Director of CHIVA/South Africa Support and Mentoring Initiative based in Durban, South Africa

Veronica Johnson-Roffey BA(Hons) RGN RM RHV FETC Dip.Infection controlRecently Infection Control Lead Nurse at Northamptonshire Healthcare NHS Trust. Now Infection Control Nurse at Three Shires Hospital, Northampton

Rosemary Lydall RGN RM BA(Hons)Infant Feeding Coordinator and Supervisor of Midwives at the University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust

Moira McLean RGN RM ENB:402 ADM PGCEA MTD PGDip SoMSenior Lecturer in Midwifery at De Montfort University

Jane Scullion BA(Hons) RGN MScRespiratory Nurse Consultant at University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust; Honorary Senior Lecturer at De Montfort University; Clinical Research Fellow at Aberdeen University

Diane Todd BSc(Hons) DipHE RM RGNSpecialist Midwife – Diabetes at the University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust

MEDICAL AUTHORS

Fionnuala McAuliffe MD, FRCOG, FRCPI, DCHAssociate Professor in Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University College Dublin, Ireland and Consultant Obstetrician and Gynaecologist and Maternal and Fetal Medicine Specialist, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland

Christopher Brightling BSc(Hons) MBBS MRCP PhD FCCPMRC Clinician Scientist and Honorary Consultant Respiratory Physician at the University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust

Nigel J. Brunskill MB ChB, PhD, FRCPNephrologist at the University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and Professor of Renal Medicine at the University of Leicester

Frances A. Bu’Lock MD FRCPConsultant Paediatric Cardiologist at Glenfield Hospital, Leicester

Francis J.E. Gardner BSc MB ChB MRCOG DFFP BSCCP accreditedConsultant in Gynaecology and Gynaecological Oncology and Clinical Director for Gynaecology at the Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust

Catherine Gittins BM MRCGP DCH DRCOG DFFP DPDGP partner in Whitley Bay and Dermatology Specialty Doctor at Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne

Julie Goddard MBBS DFFP MRCOGConsultant Obstetrician at Calderdale Royal Hospital, Halifax

Robert Gregory BA MB BS DM FRCPConsultant Physician and Head of Service Metabolic Medicine at the University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust

The late Edmund S. Howarth MB ChB, MRCOGFormerly Consultant in Maternal and Fetal Medicine at the University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust

The late Javed Iqbal BSc MSc(Hons) FRCPath FRCPFormerly Consultant in Biochemical Medicine at the University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust

Manjiri Khare MRCOG, MD, FCPS, DNB, Diploma in Obstetric UltrasoundConsultant in Maternal-Fetal medicine at the University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust

Renuka Lazarus MBBS, MD, MRCPsychConsultant Liaison Psychiatrist and Clinical Lead for Perinatal Psychiatry at the Leicestershire Partnership Trust

Christina Oppenheimer MA MB BS, FRCS, FRCOGConsultant in Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Head of Service for Obstetrics at University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and Honorary Senior Lecturer in Medical Education

Sue Pavord MB ChB, FRCP, FRCPathConsultant Haematologist and Honorary Senior Lecturer in Medical Education at the University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust

Paul Moran BM BS BMedSci MRCOG MDConsultant in Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine at the Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne

Marie C. Smith MBBS MRCOG MDConsultant Obstetrician at the Royal Victoria Infirmary in Newcastle upon Tyne and Senior Lecturer, Newcastle University

Karen Watkins MB ChB(Hons) MRCOGLead Obstetrician for Intrapartum Care and Maternal Medicine at The Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro

Sophia Webster BMedSci (hons) BMBS DFFP MRCOGObstetric Registrar at the Royal Victoria Infirmary in Newcastle upon Tyne

Acknowledgements

In addition to the sterling work of the contributors above, we have received assistance and guidance from the practitioners below who have been generous with their time and advice in relation to specialist subjects. We are truly indebted to:

Malcolm McGregor, for work on the cardiac illustrations

Jo Matharu, Midwife at the University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust

Jean Johnson, Service Lead for Women’s Health Physiotherapy at the University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust

Marie Halliday, Specialist Midwife in Diabetes at St Georges Hospital, London

Marian Parrish, Midwife at University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust

Trudy Boyce, recently retired Specialist Midwife in Hypertension

David Ireland, Consultant Gynaecologist at Leicester General Hospital

We would like to extend our gratitude to the many colleagues at the University Hospitals of Leicester, De Montfort University and Newcastle Royal Victoria Infirmary who have answered queries and given advice and moral support.

Furthermore, we would like to thank the associations and institutions addressed in the appendices and some of the figures for giving their assistance, and in many cases have waived a copyright fee for reproducing their material enabling the book to be kept at an affordable price for the readership.

Editing of the book had considerable impact upon domestic life, and completion would not have been possible without significant spousal support. We are truly appreciative of Kate Waugh for all her continued forbearance and support. Then to Matthew Broughton for his endless patience, culinary skills and application of his draughtsman talents when he drew figures 10.1.1 and 10.6.1 specifically for this book.

Acronyms, Abbreviations and Cardiac Terms

Abbreviations in the main narrative, or in daily use

ABO

A, B and O blood groups

AbV

Alcohol by Volume

ABU

Asymptomatic Bacteruria

ACTH

Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone

aCL

Anticardiolipin Antibodies

ADHD

Attention Deficiency Hyperactive Disorder

AFE

Amniotic Fluid Embolism

AFI

Amniotic Fluid Index

AFLP

Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy

AFP

Alpha Feto-protein

Ag

Antigen

AIDS

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

ALS

Advanced Life Support

ALT

Alanine Transaminase (a liver enzyme)

AN

Anorexia Nervosa

ANA

Antinuclear Antibody

ANC

Antenatal (prenatal) Clinic or Care

Anti-Ro/La

Lupus antibodies Ro and La

APA

Antiphospholipid Antibodies

APAH

Associated Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension