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- Herausgeber: Packt Publishing
- Kategorie: Wissenschaft und neue Technologien
- Sprache: Englisch
Today's IT environment is very complex, encompassing a myriad of technologies and middleware platforms. Many organizations have large and heterogeneous middleware platforms that power their enterprise applications and it is often a real challenge for administrators to meet agreed service levels and minimize downtime. Oracle Enterprise Manager allows administrators to manage the complete lifecycle of an entire application infrastructure for middleware and SOA applications.
This book will help you kick-start the setup of Oracle Enterprise Manager Grid Control and master all aspects of middleware management supported by Oracle Enterprise Manager.
This book, written by senior members of the Oracle team serves as the only hands on guide to provisioning middleware and implementing proactive monitoring to maximize application performance and compliance using Oracle Enterprise Manager.
The book starts with an introduction to the challenges faced by middleware administrators in their everyday life, and how Oracle Enterprise Manager helps solve those challenges. This book will help you manage your middleware infrastructure and applications effectively and efficiently using Oracle Enterprise Manager. By following the practical examples in this book you will learn to proactively monitor your production middleware applications running on Oracle Application Server, Oracle WebLogic Server, Oracle SOA suite (such as Oracle BPEL Process manager), Oracle Server Bus, and Oracle Coherence. You will also learn different aspects to proactive monitoring and alert notifications, service level and incident management, diagnostics for production applications, lifecycle automation using out-of-the-box deployment procedures, and patching mechanisms. This book also helps you to master best practices for managing your middleware and SOA applications for optimal service performance and reduced down time.
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Seitenzahl: 314
Veröffentlichungsjahr: 2009
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Table of Contents
Middleware Management with Oracle Enterprise Manager Grid Control 10g R5
Debu Panda
Arvind Maheshwari
Middleware Management with Oracle Enterprise Manager Grid Control 10g R5
Copyright © 2009 Packt Publishing
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embedded in critical articles or reviews.
Every effort has been made in the preparation of this book to ensure the accuracy of the information presented. However, the information contained in this book is sold without warranty, either express or implied. Neither the authors, nor Packt Publishing, and its dealers and distributors will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by this book.
Packt Publishing has endeavored to provide trademark information about all of the companies and products mentioned in this book by the appropriate use of capitals. However, Packt Publishing cannot guarantee the accuracy of this information.
First published: November 2009
Production Reference: 2241109
Published by Packt Publishing Ltd. 32 Lincoln Road Olton Birmingham, B27 6PA, UK.
ISBN 978-1-847198-34-1
www.packtpub.com
Cover Image by Karl Moore (<[email protected]>)
Credits
Authors
Debu Panda
Arvind Maheshwari
Reviewers
Joseph S. Gomez
Ulises Lazarini
Peter McLarty
Acquisition Editor
James Lumsden
Development Editor
Darshana D. Shinde
Technical Editor
Arani Roy
Indexer
Hemangini Bari
Editorial Team Leader
Abhijeet Deobhakta
Project Team Leader
Lata Basantani
Project Coordinator
Srimoyee Ghoshal
Proofreader
Andie Scothern
Graphics
Nilesh R. Mohite
Production Coordinator
Shantanu Zagade
Cover Work
Shantanu Zagade
Foreword
Middleware market is a fast growing market with a variety of vendors ranging from enterprise grade middleware products such as Oracle's Fusion Middleware to open source efforts such as JBoss and Apache Tomcat. Oracle Fusion Middleware is the number one middleware in the market with over 90,000 customers. Enterprise Manager provides an integrated management solution for Oracle Fusion Middleware. It is a complete management solution for the Oracle stack, which includes Oracle Fusion Middleware, Oracle Database, Oracle Enterprise Linux, Oracle VM, and packaged applications such as Oracle eBusiness Suite, Siebel CRM, and PeopleSoft. It also leverages the built-in management capabilities in the Oracle stack to provide an integrated and end-to-end management solution for the Oracle eco-system.
In a typical datacenter, there are multiple Middleware platforms. Monitoring, application performance management, configuration management, and life cycle operations of diverse middleware platforms is very expensive. Most of the new JEE applications are composite applications built with multi-tiered architecture and hence management of such applications needs specialized tools. As Information Technology becomes the core to the success of any business, there is a greater need of business-IT alignment. This book will show you how Enterprise Manager from Oracle meets these new challenges in the data center and can help reduce the total cost of ownership as well allow IT to contribute to a greater business success.
Enterprise Manager Grid Control 10g R5 was released in March 2009. This version of Enterprise manager provides management capability for Oracle and non-Oracle middleware platform that includes Oracle WebLogic Server, Oracle Application Server, Oracle Coherence, Oracle SOA Suite, IBM Web Sphere, and JBoss Application Server, and many more. This book will help you understand how Enterprise Manager Grid Control provides for better business-IT alignment and allows IT to not just manage middleware but also manage business processes implemented using SOA architecture.
The authors have first-hand experience in creating, delivering and rolling-out several releases of Oracle Fusion Middleware and Oracle Enterprise Manager Grid Control. This book covers the management challenges faced by Middleware administrators in the evolving Middleware market. The book includes the authors' practical experience in adopting Enterprise Manager Grid Control in managing Oracle Fusion Middleware. It is a must read for anyone using Enterprise Manager Grid Control for managing middleware and JEE applications deployed in the data center.
Ali Siddiqui,
Vice President — Product Development Fusion Middleware Management, Oracle Corporation
About the Authors
Debu Panda, lead author of the best selling EJB 3 in Action (Manning Publications), is a Product Management Director on the Oracle Fusion Middleware Management development team, where he drives development of the middleware management aspects of Oracle Enterprise Manager. He has more than 17 years of experience in the IT industry and has published more than 30 articles on enterprise Java technologies and has presented at leading technology conferences such as Oracle Open World, Java One, and so on. Debu maintains an active blog on middleware technologies at http://www.debupanda.com.
I would like to thank my wife, Renuka, for her immense support and continuous encouragement and for her patience with all the late nights and weekend hours I have spent on the book in the past 9 months. I would also like to thank my kids, Nistha and Nisheet, who did not demand my attention while I wrote this book.
Many thanks to Rajiv Taori, Senior Director of Product Management and Ali Siddiqui, Vice President of Oracle Application and Systems Management Products for allowing me to fit this book into my busy schedule, and for their constant encouragement.
Thanks to Rajiv K. Maheshwari, Rao Bethanabotla, Madhav Sathe, Nicole Haba, Rahul Goyal, Senthil Saivam, Sandeep Pandita, Ajay Jagannatha Rao and the entire Enterprise Manager Middleware Management development team at Oracle for their help while writing the book.
Many thanks to James Lumsden, Srimoyee Ghoshal, Darshana Shinde, and Arani Roy, and the entire team at Packt Publishing for turning our drafts to a book! I would also like to extend my thanks to all the reviewers of the book.
Finally, I would like to thank my co-author Arvind Maheshwari for his hard work and help in completing the book.
Arvind Maheshwari, is a senior Software Development Manager for the Oracle Enterprise Manager development team, is focused on building management solutions for middleware. He has 15 years of experience in the IT industry and has played the role of Developer, Consultant, Architect, and Manager in the Financial, Manufacturing, and Telecom industries, developing enterprise solutions that are deployed in high-availability architectures.
I thank my wife Seema, kids Ashutosh and Anusha, for letting me use precious family time to work on this book.
I thank my management chain — Ali Siddiqui, Rajiv Maheshwari, and Rahul Goyal for supporting the idea of writing a book about Middleware management.
I thank Senthil Saivam, Manish Bisarya, Rishi Saraswat, Venkatesh Audinarayan, Govinda Sambamurthy, Sandeep Pandita, Rajiv Kuriakose, Ravi Ummadi, Suresh Kotha, Anil Kumar, Priya Ulaganathan, Rajesh Vemana, and all of my colleagues for their help and support while writing the book.
I thank my co-author Debu Panda — who provided guidance at every step of this project.
I thank Srimoyee Ghoshal and James Lumsden at Packt Publishing for coordinating this project and ensuring that this book sees the light of day.
About the Reviewers
Joseph S. Gomez, has been in the IT field for 13+ years and loves every minute of it. Originally educated as a Graphic Designer, Joe was working at an art studio (as most Graphic Designers do) when his sister mentioned that there were several local companies willing to hire people and give them paid training to prepare them for the Y2K boom. That was all that it took and Joe hasn't looked back since. Joe is now the technical lead for his employer's OLAP Center of Excellence and is currently working on the Business Intelligence team as well.
In addition to enjoying his work in IT, Joe is also an author himself having co-authored the book, Oracle Essbase 9 Implementation Guide, with his good friend Sarma Anantapantula.
Ulises Lazarini, is the President of Consultoria Informatica Lazarini, and partner of Oracle with more than ten years of experience working with Oracle databases and an OCP member since Oracle 7.3.4., 8. 8i 9i, and 10g.
He has been an Oracle instructor in the kernel field for more than 12 years now. He has been a speaker on Oracle Open World. (September 2008, "Migration from Siebel 7.8 running on SQL Server to Oracle 10g RAC"), DBA Consultant of two Database Successful Oracle Cases. Ulises has been very active in the installation and monitoring of RAC environments for OLTP and DataWarehouses Databases.
He has been responsible for the high availability for global's databases.
Peter McLarty, is a Senior Consultant working in Brisbane, Australia. Peter has worked with technology all his life. He is presently employed by Pacific DBMS Pty Ltd.
He works with Oracle database, Middleware Fusion and Enterprise Manager with clients in Brisbane. Peter's career spans 25 years in technology and 13 years in database management.
Peter has worked mainly in Australia and Asia. Peter's other interests include studying Asia and its cultures and of course its food, sailing and football. He can be found supporting his team each season at the stadium.
He has a wife and two children who say that they have to suffer through the times of editing books, amongst other projects. Peter would like to thank them for their understanding and allowing dad to do his stuff at times!
Peter can be reached on the Internet at <[email protected]>.
Preface
Rob's Blackberry screams in the middle of the night. He picks it up with hesitation. He gets a text message from an automated system, telling him that there are serious issues in the applications that he supports, and users in Australia are facing problems as well. Rob is an administrator for middleware applications. He opens his laptop and starts looking at the issue. After hours of investigation he finds that the external web service their application depends on is not responding.
This might sound familiar. It's typical in the life of many of today's administrators. Welcome to the world of middleware management, where life starts with service violations and ends with the diagnostics of performance issues.
Most modern applications have become global, and run 24X7 and if you are a middleware administrator then probably your work has become 24X7 too. Today's applications are very complex and depend on several components that you, as an administrator, do not have control over. But you have the responsibility to make sure that the application meets availability and performance criteria. You probably want to avoid situations like Rob's and do away with sleepless nights. You probably want to be proactive and implement the right tools and methodologies so that you can avoid many of the interruptions to your applications.
Throughout this book, we will discuss how you can use Oracle Enterprise Manager to proactively monitor your middleware applications and the underlying infrastructure.
Before we do that, let us first drill down and examine the various complexities in modern applications.
Complexities in modern applications
Modern day applications are way more complex than predecessors such as client-server or mainframe applications. Technologies such as the Internet, Java Enterprise Edition (Java EE) and Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) have revolutionized the way that applications are built and integrated. They are multi-tier and run on heterogeneous platforms. They depend upon several resources within and outside of organizations. Today's resources may include an application running on a mainframe system, or an ERP system, or resources made available by a partner through the Internet, intranet, or extranet. As an administrator, you may not have control over these resources, or applications—however, you are responsible for their performance.
Some of the typical characteristics of modern applications are:
Also, today's applications have complex requirements with associated and specific requirements such as:
If you are a middleware administrator, you know that you have a lot of things to do! You have to wear several hats from time to time.
Middleware administrator — a man with several hats
Unlike a database administrator or UNIX system administrator — a middleware administrator has to be knowledgeable in several areas and perform a lot of tasks to keep applications up and available. You have to know how the application works and understand its dependencies. The most trivial applications have database access, and hence you must be proficient in database technologies such as JDBC and SQL. You have to understand messaging systems and key technologies such as various web services and Service Oriented Architecture (SOA). Most applications employ different security mechanisms, such as using an LDAP Server, thus you have to know the basics of security infrastructure.
With modern application complexities, you have to be agile and you need the right sets of tools and practices.
If you are a middleware administrator then you know how your life goes! Some of the typical tasks that middleware administrators perform are as follows:
You may ask the question — how do you juggle between these tasks? What is the optimal ratio of these tasks? There are no right answers here. This is actually based on your organization. We have seen administrators just struggling to keep up with monitoring the production middleware platform and making it highly available. This typically happens if you do not use the right tools and practices. Administrators spend most of their morning running several scripts to verify the health of their middleware platform. If you spend your entire morning checking the health of your middleware platform, then it is highly unlikely that you will be able to perform all of your tasks in your eight hour daily job!
Another challenge is that many organizations do not have full-time people who are middleware administrators. In some organizations, the database administrators or developers take on additional responsibilities for middleware administration. If you are part of such an organization then it is really challenging for you to perform all aspects of middleware management without the appropriate management tools.
Key challenges faced by administrators
To compete, organizations are trying to keep their costs low. This is putting greater burdens on the IT infrastructure, which must remain agile to make the company's applications highly available. As a middleware administrator, you have more responsibilities and less resources for keeping your infrastructure running and maintaining the service levels of your applications. Middleware administrators, in particular, are faced with a number of challenges that come with managing a complex application architecture. Some of the key challenges are:
To cope with these challenges, you have to choose the right management tools to manage your middleware infrastructure. There are several tools available in the marketplace. However, if you are using Oracle Fusion Middleware; Oracle Enterprise Manager is the right choice to manage your complete application infrastructure. Oracle Enterprise Manager not only provides great tools to manage your Oracle databases but it also provides comprehensive functionalities to manage your middleware infrastructure and enterprise applications.
Throughout this book, we will provide an insight on how to manage applications running on Oracle Fusion Middleware and third-party application servers.
What this book covers
This book will help you to manage your middleware infrastructure and applications effectively and efficiently using Oracle Enterprise Manager. You will learn how you can proactively monitor your production middleware applications running on Oracle Application Server, Oracle WebLogic Server, Oracle SOA suite such as Oracle BPEL Process manager, Oracle Server Bus, Oracle Coherence, and so on. You will learn different aspects of proactive monitoring and alert notifications, service level management and incident management, diagnostics of production applications, lifecycle automation using out-of-the-box deployment procedures, patching mechanisms, and so on. You will learn the best practices that you can use to make your middleware infrastructure highly available.
Chapter 1:Enterprise Manager Grid Control will introduce the key concepts of Oracle Enterprise Manager Grid control. You will learn about the Grid Control architecture and terminology, basic concepts, and entities. The lifecycle of a managed target in Grid Control.
Chapter 2:Installing Enterprise Manager Grid Control discusses installing Grid Control and its key components. You will also learn about various Grid Control versions, platform support, and installation options, tricks for mass deployment of Grid Control, high availability setup for Grid Control, and some guidelines on what install/setup mode the user should use.
Chapter 3:Enterprise Manager Key Concepts and Subsystems expands further on key entities, subsystems that we introduced in Chapter 1. Besides expanding on those we'll use these subsystems to answer work areas that we outlined in Chapter 1.
We'll also provide the reader with some best practices for using each subsystem.
Chapter 4:Managing Oracle WebLogic Server defines the typical management needs for WebLogic environments and will apply solution areas learned from Chapter 3.
We will have some example exercises on how to set up monitoring and management for WebLogic Server's environment.
We'll also list some of the best practices on how to manage a WebLogic Server.
Chapter 5:Managing Oracle Application Server defines the typical management needs for an Oracle Application Server environment and will apply solution areas learned from Chapter 3.
We will have some exercises on how to set up monitoring and management for an Oracle Application Server environment. We will discuss some of the key features such as deployment and patch automation.
We will also list some of the best practices on how to manage monitoring and management for the Oracle Application Server environment.
Chapter 6:Managing Forms and Reports Services and Applications provides an introduction to Forms and Reports Monitoring. You will learn about both Forms Server and Forms Application Monitoring. You will also learn about Forms Server Cloning using Enterprise Manager Deployment Procedures.
Chapter 7:SOA Management—BPEL Management firstly discusses the business/IT alignment introduction. Then the chapter explains what additional management requirements it puts on middleware administrators.
Also, in this chapter we'll define the typical management needs for SOA/BPEL environments and will apply solution techniques learned from Chapter 3. We'll also explain how to handle additional management requirements coming from the business/IT alignments.
We'll have some exercises on how to set up monitoring and management for SOA/BPEL.
Chapter 8:SOA Management—OSB (aka ALSB) Management will provide an introduction to Oracle Service Bus and managing Oracle Service Bus. We will learn automated deployment of OSB applications and managing configurations for OSB environment. We will also list some of the best practices for managing SOA/OSB environments.
Chapter 9: Managing Identity Manager Suite discusses Oracle Fusion Middleware Identity Manager Suite that enables the users to manage identity and access for enterprise applications. In this chapter, we'll discuss how to manage Oracle's Identity Manager Suite with Enterprise Manager.
Chapter 10:Managing Coherence Cluster discusses Oracle Coherence that is an in-memory caching solution that enables organizations to predictably scale mission-critical applications. In this chapter, we'll discuss the monitoring, configuration management, and provisioning aspects of Coherence Cluster.
Chapter 11:Managing Non-Oracle Middleware discusses managing third-party middleware. We will learn about discovering and monitoring of IBM WebSphere, JBoss, Apache HTTP Server, ApacheTomcat, and Microsoft middleware such as Microsoft IIS. We will also learn how to do service level management of applications running on third-party middleware.
Chapter 12:Java and Composite Applications Monitoring and Diagnostics discusses how to diagnose Java applications using Oracle's Enterprise Manager product family such as Application Diagnostics for Java (AD4J) and Composite Application Monitor and Modeler (CAMM). CAMM allows you to diagnose performance issues in composite applications whereas AD4J allows you to diagnose issues such as memory leak and application in Java applications and the underlying JVM.
Chapter 13:Building your Monitoring Plug-in contains detailed steps on how to extend Grid Control functionality. It'll have a step-by-step instructions for building a monitoring plug-in for Sun System Web Server.
Chapter 14:Best Practices for Managing Middleware Components Using Enterprise Manager discusses some of the best practices for middleware management that you can apply while using Enterprise Manager Grid Control to manage your middleware applications.
Who this book is for
Most people think of Oracle Enterprise Manager Grid Control as a database administration tool and are not aware of the middleware management capabilities it offers. This book helps you learn the middleware management functions and the features offered by Oracle Enterprise Manager. If you are a middleware administrator or aspire to be one, then this book is for you. This book will help database administrators, developers, and system administrators who are supporting applications that run on Oracle Fusion Middleware. If you are a system architect, application developer or application support person then this book will help you to learn different perspectives on middleware and application infrastructures.
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Chapter 1. Enterprise Manager Grid Control
The typical data center for a medium or large enterprise is composed of a myriad of technologies. One can see different types of hardware, operating systems, databases, middleware, integration servers, storage devices, and networking devices in any such data center. Such diversity of technologies and operating systems can be attributed to many factors, and some of them are:
We see that each factor for diversity in the data center has some business or strategic value. At the same time, such diversity makes management of the data center more complex. To manage such data centers we need a special product like Oracle's Enterprise Manager Grid Control that can provide a unified and centralized management solution for the wide array of products.
In any given data center, there are lots of repetitive operations that need to be executed on multiple servers (like applying security patches on all Oracle Databases). As data centers move away from high-end servers to a grid of inexpensive servers, the number of IT resources increases in the data center and so does the cost of executing repetitive operations on the grid. Enterprise Manager Grid Control provides solutions to reduce the cost of any grid by automating repetitive operations that can be simultaneously executed on multiple servers. Enterprise Manager Grid Control works as a force multiplier by providing support for executing the same operations on multiple servers at the cost of one operation.
As organizations put more emphasis on business and IT alignment, that requires a view of IT resources overlaid with business processes and applications is required. Enterprise Manager Grid Control provides such a view and improves the visibility of IT and business processes in a given data center. By using Enterprise Manager Grid Control, administrators can see IT issues in the context of business processes and they can understand how business processes are affected by IT performance.
In this chapter, we will get to know more about Oracle's Enterprise Manager Grid Control by covering the following aspects:
Key features of Enterprise Manager Grid Control
Typical applications in today's world are built with multi-tiered architecture; to manage such applications a system administrator has to navigate through multiple management tools and consoles that come along with each product. Some of the tools have a browser interface, some have a thick client interface, or even a command line interface. Navigating through multiple management tools often involves doing some actions from a browser or running some scripts or launching a thick client from the command line.
For example, to find bottlenecks in a J2EE application in the production environment, an administrator has to navigate through the management console for the HTTP server, the management console for the J2EE container, and the management console for the database.
Enterprise Manager Grid Control is a systems management product for the monitoring and management of all of the products in the data center. For the scenario explained above, Enterprise Manager provides a common management interface to manage an HTTP server, J2EE server and database. Enterprise Manager provides this unified solution for all products in a data center.
In addition to basic monitoring, Enterprise Manager provides a unified interface for many other administration tasks like patching, configuration compliance, backup-recovery, and so on.
Some key features of Enterprise Manager are explained here.
Comprehensive view of the data center
Enterprise Manager provides a comprehensive view of the data center, where an administrator can see all of the applications, servers, databases, network devices, storage devices, and so on, along with performance and configuration data. As the number of all such resources is very high, this Enterprise Manager highlights the resources that need immediate attention or that may need attention in near future. For example, a critical security patch is available that needs to be applied on some Fusion Middleware servers, or a server that has 90% CPU utilization.
The following figure shows one such view of a data center, where users can see all entities that are monitored, that are up, that are down, that have performance alerts, that have configuration violations and so on. The user can drill down to fine-grained views from this top-level view.
The data in the top-level view and the fine-grained drill-down view can be broadly summarized in the following categories:
Performance data
Data that shows how an IT resource is performing, that includes the current status, overall availability over a period of time, and other performance indicators that are specific to the resource like the average response time for a J2EE server. Any violation of acceptable performance thresholds is highlighted in this view.
Configuration data
Configuration data is the configuration parameters or, configuration files captured from an IT resource. Besides the current configuration, changes in configuration are also tracked and available from Enterprise Manager. Any violation of configuration conformance is also available. For example, if a data center policy mandates that only port 80 should be open on all servers, Enterprise Manager captures any violation of that policy.
